P. 88 of Theorem List - Intuitionistic Logic Explorer

Theorem List for Intuitionistic Logic Explorer - 8701-8800   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	lemul12bd 8701	Comparison of product of two nonnegative numbers. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> D e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> 0 <_ A )   &    |- ( ph -> 0 <_ D )   &    |- ( ph -> A <_ B )   &    |- ( ph -> C <_ D )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A x. C ) <_ ( B x. D ) )
Theorem	mulle0r 8702	Multiplying a nonnegative number by a nonpositive number yields a nonpositive number. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 28-Oct-2021.)
|- ( ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR ) /\ ( A <_ 0 /\ 0 <_ B ) ) -> ( A x. B ) <_ 0 )
4.3.10  Suprema
Theorem	lbreu 8703*	If a set of reals contains a lower bound, it contains a unique lower bound. (Contributed by NM, 9-Oct-2005.)
|- ( ( S C_ RR /\ E. x e. S A. y e. S x <_ y ) -> E! x e. S A. y e. S x <_ y )
Theorem	lbcl 8704*	If a set of reals contains a lower bound, it contains a unique lower bound that belongs to the set. (Contributed by NM, 9-Oct-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 24-Dec-2016.)
|- ( ( S C_ RR /\ E. x e. S A. y e. S x <_ y ) -> ( iota_ x e. S A. y e. S x <_ y ) e. S )
Theorem	lble 8705*	If a set of reals contains a lower bound, the lower bound is less than or equal to all members of the set. (Contributed by NM, 9-Oct-2005.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 24-Dec-2016.)
|- ( ( S C_ RR /\ E. x e. S A. y e. S x <_ y /\ A e. S ) -> ( iota_ x e. S A. y e. S x <_ y ) <_ A )
Theorem	lbinf 8706*	If a set of reals contains a lower bound, the lower bound is its infimum. (Contributed by NM, 9-Oct-2005.) (Revised by AV, 4-Sep-2020.)
|- ( ( S C_ RR /\ E. x e. S A. y e. S x <_ y ) -> inf ( S , RR , < ) = ( iota_ x e. S A. y e. S x <_ y ) )
Theorem	lbinfcl 8707*	If a set of reals contains a lower bound, it contains its infimum. (Contributed by NM, 11-Oct-2005.) (Revised by AV, 4-Sep-2020.)
|- ( ( S C_ RR /\ E. x e. S A. y e. S x <_ y ) -> inf ( S , RR , < ) e. S )
Theorem	lbinfle 8708*	If a set of reals contains a lower bound, its infimum is less than or equal to all members of the set. (Contributed by NM, 11-Oct-2005.) (Revised by AV, 4-Sep-2020.)
|- ( ( S C_ RR /\ E. x e. S A. y e. S x <_ y /\ A e. S ) -> inf ( S , RR , < ) <_ A )
Theorem	suprubex 8709*	A member of a nonempty bounded set of reals is less than or equal to the set's upper bound. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 18-Jan-2022.)
|- ( ph -> E. x e. RR ( A. y e. A -. x < y /\ A. y e. RR ( y < x -> E. z e. A y < z ) ) )   &    |- ( ph -> A C_ RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. A )   =>    |- ( ph -> B <_ sup ( A , RR , < ) )
Theorem	suprlubex 8710*	The supremum of a nonempty bounded set of reals is the least upper bound. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 19-Jan-2022.)
|- ( ph -> E. x e. RR ( A. y e. A -. x < y /\ A. y e. RR ( y < x -> E. z e. A y < z ) ) )   &    |- ( ph -> A C_ RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( B < sup ( A , RR , < ) <-> E. z e. A B < z ) )
Theorem	suprnubex 8711*	An upper bound is not less than the supremum of a nonempty bounded set of reals. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 19-Jan-2022.)
|- ( ph -> E. x e. RR ( A. y e. A -. x < y /\ A. y e. RR ( y < x -> E. z e. A y < z ) ) )   &    |- ( ph -> A C_ RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( -. B < sup ( A , RR , < ) <-> A. z e. A -. B < z ) )
Theorem	suprleubex 8712*	The supremum of a nonempty bounded set of reals is less than or equal to an upper bound. (Contributed by NM, 18-Mar-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-Sep-2014.)
|- ( ph -> E. x e. RR ( A. y e. A -. x < y /\ A. y e. RR ( y < x -> E. z e. A y < z ) ) )   &    |- ( ph -> A C_ RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( sup ( A , RR , < ) <_ B <-> A. z e. A z <_ B ) )
Theorem	negiso 8713	Negation is an order anti-isomorphism of the real numbers, which is its own inverse. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 24-Dec-2016.)
|- F = ( x e. RR |-> -u x )   =>    |- ( F Isom < , `' < ( RR , RR ) /\ `' F = F )
Theorem	dfinfre 8714*	The infimum of a set of reals A. (Contributed by NM, 9-Oct-2005.) (Revised by AV, 4-Sep-2020.)
|- ( A C_ RR -> inf ( A , RR , < ) = U. { x e. RR | ( A. y e. A x <_ y /\ A. y e. RR ( x < y -> E. z e. A z < y ) ) } )
Theorem	sup3exmid 8715*	If any inhabited set of real numbers bounded from above has a supremum, excluded middle follows. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 2-Apr-2023.)
|- ( ( u C_ RR /\ E. w w e. u /\ E. x e. RR A. y e. u y <_ x ) -> E. x e. RR ( A. y e. u -. x < y /\ A. y e. RR ( y < x -> E. z e. u y < z ) ) )   =>    |- DECID ph
4.3.11  Imaginary and complex number properties
Theorem	crap0 8716	The real representation of complex numbers is apart from zero iff one of its terms is apart from zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Mar-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR ) -> ( ( A # 0 \/ B # 0 ) <-> ( A + ( _i x. B ) ) # 0 ) )
Theorem	creur 8717*	The real part of a complex number is unique. Proposition 10-1.3 of [Gleason] p. 130. (Contributed by NM, 9-May-1999.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( A e. CC -> E! x e. RR E. y e. RR A = ( x + ( _i x. y ) ) )
Theorem	creui 8718*	The imaginary part of a complex number is unique. Proposition 10-1.3 of [Gleason] p. 130. (Contributed by NM, 9-May-1999.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( A e. CC -> E! y e. RR E. x e. RR A = ( x + ( _i x. y ) ) )
Theorem	cju 8719*	The complex conjugate of a complex number is unique. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-Nov-2013.)
|- ( A e. CC -> E! x e. CC ( ( A + x ) e. RR /\ ( _i x. ( A - x ) ) e. RR ) )
4.4  Integer sets
4.4.1  Positive integers (as a subset of complex numbers)
Syntax	cn 8720	Extend class notation to include the class of positive integers.
class NN
Definition	df-inn 8721*	Definition of the set of positive integers. For naming consistency with the Metamath Proof Explorer usages should refer to dfnn2 8722 instead. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 12-Sep-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-May-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
|- NN = |^| { x | ( 1 e. x /\ A. y e. x ( y + 1 ) e. x ) }
Theorem	dfnn2 8722*	Definition of the set of positive integers. Another name for df-inn 8721. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 12-Sep-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-May-2014.)
|- NN = |^| { x | ( 1 e. x /\ A. y e. x ( y + 1 ) e. x ) }
Theorem	peano5nni 8723*	Peano's inductive postulate. Theorem I.36 (principle of mathematical induction) of [Apostol] p. 34. (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-1997.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 17-Nov-2014.)
|- ( ( 1 e. A /\ A. x e. A ( x + 1 ) e. A ) -> NN C_ A )
Theorem	nnssre 8724	The positive integers are a subset of the reals. (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-1997.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Jun-2013.)
|- NN C_ RR
Theorem	nnsscn 8725	The positive integers are a subset of the complex numbers. (Contributed by NM, 2-Aug-2004.)
|- NN C_ CC
Theorem	nnex 8726	The set of positive integers exists. (Contributed by NM, 3-Oct-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 17-Nov-2014.)
|- NN e. _V
Theorem	nnre 8727	A positive integer is a real number. (Contributed by NM, 18-Aug-1999.)
|- ( A e. NN -> A e. RR )
Theorem	nncn 8728	A positive integer is a complex number. (Contributed by NM, 18-Aug-1999.)
|- ( A e. NN -> A e. CC )
Theorem	nnrei 8729	A positive integer is a real number. (Contributed by NM, 18-Aug-1999.)
|- A e. NN   =>    |- A e. RR
Theorem	nncni 8730	A positive integer is a complex number. (Contributed by NM, 18-Aug-1999.)
|- A e. NN   =>    |- A e. CC
Theorem	1nn 8731	Peano postulate: 1 is a positive integer. (Contributed by NM, 11-Jan-1997.)
|- 1 e. NN
Theorem	peano2nn 8732	Peano postulate: a successor of a positive integer is a positive integer. (Contributed by NM, 11-Jan-1997.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 17-Nov-2014.)
|- ( A e. NN -> ( A + 1 ) e. NN )
Theorem	nnred 8733	A positive integer is a real number. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> A e. RR )
Theorem	nncnd 8734	A positive integer is a complex number. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> A e. CC )
Theorem	peano2nnd 8735	Peano postulate: a successor of a positive integer is a positive integer. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A + 1 ) e. NN )
4.4.2  Principle of mathematical induction
Theorem	nnind 8736*	Principle of Mathematical Induction (inference schema). The first four hypotheses give us the substitution instances we need; the last two are the basis and the induction step. See nnaddcl 8740 for an example of its use. This is an alternative for Metamath 100 proof #74. (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-1997.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Jun-2013.)
|- ( x = 1 -> ( ph <-> ps ) )   &    |- ( x = y -> ( ph <-> ch ) )   &    |- ( x = ( y + 1 ) -> ( ph <-> th ) )   &    |- ( x = A -> ( ph <-> ta ) )   &    |- ps   &    |- ( y e. NN -> ( ch -> th ) )   =>    |- ( A e. NN -> ta )
Theorem	nnindALT 8737*	Principle of Mathematical Induction (inference schema). The last four hypotheses give us the substitution instances we need; the first two are the induction step and the basis. This ALT version of nnind 8736 has a different hypothesis order. It may be easier to use with the metamath program's Proof Assistant, because "MM-PA> assign last" will be applied to the substitution instances first. We may eventually use this one as the official version. You may use either version. After the proof is complete, the ALT version can be changed to the non-ALT version with "MM-PA> minimize nnind /allow". (Contributed by NM, 7-Dec-2005.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.)
|- ( y e. NN -> ( ch -> th ) )   &    |- ps   &    |- ( x = 1 -> ( ph <-> ps ) )   &    |- ( x = y -> ( ph <-> ch ) )   &    |- ( x = ( y + 1 ) -> ( ph <-> th ) )   &    |- ( x = A -> ( ph <-> ta ) )   =>    |- ( A e. NN -> ta )
Theorem	nn1m1nn 8738	Every positive integer is one or a successor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 16-May-2014.)
|- ( A e. NN -> ( A = 1 \/ ( A - 1 ) e. NN ) )
Theorem	nn1suc 8739*	If a statement holds for 1 and also holds for a successor, it holds for all positive integers. The first three hypotheses give us the substitution instances we need; the last two show that it holds for 1 and for a successor. (Contributed by NM, 11-Oct-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-May-2014.)
|- ( x = 1 -> ( ph <-> ps ) )   &    |- ( x = ( y + 1 ) -> ( ph <-> ch ) )   &    |- ( x = A -> ( ph <-> th ) )   &    |- ps   &    |- ( y e. NN -> ch )   =>    |- ( A e. NN -> th )
Theorem	nnaddcl 8740	Closure of addition of positive integers, proved by induction on the second addend. (Contributed by NM, 12-Jan-1997.)
|- ( ( A e. NN /\ B e. NN ) -> ( A + B ) e. NN )
Theorem	nnmulcl 8741	Closure of multiplication of positive integers. (Contributed by NM, 12-Jan-1997.)
|- ( ( A e. NN /\ B e. NN ) -> ( A x. B ) e. NN )
Theorem	nnmulcli 8742	Closure of multiplication of positive integers. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 18-Feb-2014.)
|- A e. NN   &    |- B e. NN   =>    |- ( A x. B ) e. NN
Theorem	nnge1 8743	A positive integer is one or greater. (Contributed by NM, 25-Aug-1999.)
|- ( A e. NN -> 1 <_ A )
Theorem	nnle1eq1 8744	A positive integer is less than or equal to one iff it is equal to one. (Contributed by NM, 3-Apr-2005.)
|- ( A e. NN -> ( A <_ 1 <-> A = 1 ) )
Theorem	nngt0 8745	A positive integer is positive. (Contributed by NM, 26-Sep-1999.)
|- ( A e. NN -> 0 < A )
Theorem	nnnlt1 8746	A positive integer is not less than one. (Contributed by NM, 18-Jan-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( A e. NN -> -. A < 1 )
Theorem	0nnn 8747	Zero is not a positive integer. (Contributed by NM, 25-Aug-1999.)
|- -. 0 e. NN
Theorem	nnne0 8748	A positive integer is nonzero. (Contributed by NM, 27-Sep-1999.)
|- ( A e. NN -> A =/= 0 )
Theorem	nnap0 8749	A positive integer is apart from zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 8-Mar-2020.)
|- ( A e. NN -> A # 0 )
Theorem	nngt0i 8750	A positive integer is positive (inference version). (Contributed by NM, 17-Sep-1999.)
|- A e. NN   =>    |- 0 < A
Theorem	nnap0i 8751	A positive integer is apart from zero (inference version). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Jan-2023.)
|- A e. NN   =>    |- A # 0
Theorem	nnne0i 8752	A positive integer is nonzero (inference version). (Contributed by NM, 25-Aug-1999.)
|- A e. NN   =>    |- A =/= 0
Theorem	nn2ge 8753*	There exists a positive integer greater than or equal to any two others. (Contributed by NM, 18-Aug-1999.)
|- ( ( A e. NN /\ B e. NN ) -> E. x e. NN ( A <_ x /\ B <_ x ) )
Theorem	nn1gt1 8754	A positive integer is either one or greater than one. This is for NN; 0elnn 4532 is a similar theorem for om (the natural numbers as ordinals). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 7-Mar-2020.)
|- ( A e. NN -> ( A = 1 \/ 1 < A ) )
Theorem	nngt1ne1 8755	A positive integer is greater than one iff it is not equal to one. (Contributed by NM, 7-Oct-2004.)
|- ( A e. NN -> ( 1 < A <-> A =/= 1 ) )
Theorem	nndivre 8756	The quotient of a real and a positive integer is real. (Contributed by NM, 28-Nov-2008.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ N e. NN ) -> ( A / N ) e. RR )
Theorem	nnrecre 8757	The reciprocal of a positive integer is real. (Contributed by NM, 8-Feb-2008.)
|- ( N e. NN -> ( 1 / N ) e. RR )
Theorem	nnrecgt0 8758	The reciprocal of a positive integer is positive. (Contributed by NM, 25-Aug-1999.)
|- ( A e. NN -> 0 < ( 1 / A ) )
Theorem	nnsub 8759	Subtraction of positive integers. (Contributed by NM, 20-Aug-2001.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-May-2014.)
|- ( ( A e. NN /\ B e. NN ) -> ( A < B <-> ( B - A ) e. NN ) )
Theorem	nnsubi 8760	Subtraction of positive integers. (Contributed by NM, 19-Aug-2001.)
|- A e. NN   &    |- B e. NN   =>    |- ( A < B <-> ( B - A ) e. NN )
Theorem	nndiv 8761*	Two ways to express " A divides B " for positive integers. (Contributed by NM, 3-Feb-2004.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 16-May-2014.)
|- ( ( A e. NN /\ B e. NN ) -> ( E. x e. NN ( A x. x ) = B <-> ( B / A ) e. NN ) )
Theorem	nndivtr 8762	Transitive property of divisibility: if A divides B and B divides C, then A divides C. Typically, C would be an integer, although the theorem holds for complex C. (Contributed by NM, 3-May-2005.)
|- ( ( ( A e. NN /\ B e. NN /\ C e. CC ) /\ ( ( B / A ) e. NN /\ ( C / B ) e. NN ) ) -> ( C / A ) e. NN )
Theorem	nnge1d 8763	A positive integer is one or greater. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> 1 <_ A )
Theorem	nngt0d 8764	A positive integer is positive. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> 0 < A )
Theorem	nnne0d 8765	A positive integer is nonzero. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> A =/= 0 )
Theorem	nnap0d 8766	A positive integer is apart from zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Aug-2021.)
|- ( ph -> A e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> A # 0 )
Theorem	nnrecred 8767	The reciprocal of a positive integer is real. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 1 / A ) e. RR )
Theorem	nnaddcld 8768	Closure of addition of positive integers. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. NN )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A + B ) e. NN )
Theorem	nnmulcld 8769	Closure of multiplication of positive integers. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. NN )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A x. B ) e. NN )
Theorem	nndivred 8770	A positive integer is one or greater. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. NN )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A / B ) e. RR )
4.4.3  Decimal representation of numbers The decimal representation of numbers/integers is based on the decimal digits 0 through 9 (df-0 7627 through df-9 8786), which are explicitly defined in the following. Note that the numbers 0 and 1 are constants defined as primitives of the complex number axiom system (see df-0 7627 and df-1 7628). Integers can also be exhibited as sums of powers of 10 (e.g. the number 103 can be expressed as ( (; 1 0 ^ 2 ) + 3 )) or as some other expression built from operations on the numbers 0 through 9. For example, the prime number 823541 can be expressed as ( 7 ^ 7 ) - 2. Most abstract math rarely requires numbers larger than 4. Even in Wiles' proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, the largest number used appears to be 12.
Syntax	c2 8771	Extend class notation to include the number 2.
class 2
Syntax	c3 8772	Extend class notation to include the number 3.
class 3
Syntax	c4 8773	Extend class notation to include the number 4.
class 4
Syntax	c5 8774	Extend class notation to include the number 5.
class 5
Syntax	c6 8775	Extend class notation to include the number 6.
class 6
Syntax	c7 8776	Extend class notation to include the number 7.
class 7
Syntax	c8 8777	Extend class notation to include the number 8.
class 8
Syntax	c9 8778	Extend class notation to include the number 9.
class 9
Definition	df-2 8779	Define the number 2. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 2 = ( 1 + 1 )
Definition	df-3 8780	Define the number 3. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 3 = ( 2 + 1 )
Definition	df-4 8781	Define the number 4. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 4 = ( 3 + 1 )
Definition	df-5 8782	Define the number 5. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 5 = ( 4 + 1 )
Definition	df-6 8783	Define the number 6. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 6 = ( 5 + 1 )
Definition	df-7 8784	Define the number 7. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 7 = ( 6 + 1 )
Definition	df-8 8785	Define the number 8. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 8 = ( 7 + 1 )
Definition	df-9 8786	Define the number 9. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 9 = ( 8 + 1 )
Theorem	0ne1 8787	0 =/= 1 (common case). See aso 1ap0 8352. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.)
|- 0 =/= 1
Theorem	1ne0 8788	1 =/= 0. See aso 1ap0 8352. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 9-Mar-2020.)
|- 1 =/= 0
Theorem	1m1e0 8789	( 1 - 1 ) = 0 (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 7-Jul-2016.)
|- ( 1 - 1 ) = 0
Theorem	2re 8790	The number 2 is real. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 2 e. RR
Theorem	2cn 8791	The number 2 is a complex number. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jul-2004.)
|- 2 e. CC
Theorem	2ex 8792	2 is a set (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.)
|- 2 e. _V
Theorem	2cnd 8793	2 is a complex number, deductive form (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.)
|- ( ph -> 2 e. CC )
Theorem	3re 8794	The number 3 is real. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 3 e. RR
Theorem	3cn 8795	The number 3 is a complex number. (Contributed by FL, 17-Oct-2010.)
|- 3 e. CC
Theorem	3ex 8796	3 is a set (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.)
|- 3 e. _V
Theorem	4re 8797	The number 4 is real. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 4 e. RR
Theorem	4cn 8798	The number 4 is a complex number. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 7-Jul-2016.)
|- 4 e. CC
Theorem	5re 8799	The number 5 is real. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1999.)
|- 5 e. RR
Theorem	5cn 8800	The number 5 is complex. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.)
|- 5 e. CC