fouriercn - Mathbox for Glauco Siliprandi

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Theorem fouriercn 39753

Description: If the derivative of 𝐹 is continuous, then the Fourier series for 𝐹 converges to 𝐹 everywhere and the hypothesis are simpler than those for the more general case of a piecewise smooth function ( see fourierd 39743 for a comparison). (Contributed by Glauco Siliprandi, 11-Dec-2019.)

**Hypotheses**
Ref	Expression
fouriercn.f	⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ)
fouriercn.t	⊢ 𝑇 = (2 · π)
fouriercn.per	⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 𝑇)) = (𝐹‘𝑥))
fouriercn.dv	⊢ (𝜑 → (ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
fouriercn.g	⊢ 𝐺 = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π))
fouriercn.x	⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ ℝ)
fouriercn.a	⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ₀ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))
fouriercn.b	⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))

**Assertion**
Ref	Expression
fouriercn	⊢ (𝜑 → (((𝐴‘0) / 2) + Σ𝑛 ∈ ℕ (((𝐴‘𝑛) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))) + ((𝐵‘𝑛) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))))) = (𝐹‘𝑋))

Distinct variable groups: 𝑛,𝐹,𝑥 𝑥,𝐺 𝑥,𝑇 𝑛,𝑋,𝑥 𝜑,𝑥 Allowed substitution hints: 𝜑(𝑛) 𝐴(𝑥,𝑛) 𝐵(𝑥,𝑛) 𝑇(𝑛) 𝐺(𝑛)

**Proof of Theorem fouriercn**
Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		fouriercn.f	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ)
2		fouriercn.t	. 2 ⊢ 𝑇 = (2 · π)
3		fouriercn.per	. 2 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 𝑇)) = (𝐹‘𝑥))
4		fouriercn.g	. 2 ⊢ 𝐺 = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π))
5	4	dmeqi 5285	. . . . . 6 ⊢ dom 𝐺 = dom ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π))
6		ioossre 12177	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (-π(,)π) ⊆ ℝ
7		fouriercn.dv	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝜑 → (ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
8		cncff 22604	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ) → (ℝ D 𝐹):ℝ⟶ℂ)
9		fdm 6008	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹):ℝ⟶ℂ → dom (ℝ D 𝐹) = ℝ)
10	7, 8, 9	3syl 18	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → dom (ℝ D 𝐹) = ℝ)
11	6, 10	syl5sseqr 3633	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → (-π(,)π) ⊆ dom (ℝ D 𝐹))
12		ssdmres 5379	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((-π(,)π) ⊆ dom (ℝ D 𝐹) ↔ dom ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) = (-π(,)π))
13	11, 12	sylib 208	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → dom ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) = (-π(,)π))
14	5, 13	syl5eq 2667	. . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → dom 𝐺 = (-π(,)π))
15	14	difeq2d 3706	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((-π(,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) = ((-π(,)π) ∖ (-π(,)π)))
16		difid 3922	. . . 4 ⊢ ((-π(,)π) ∖ (-π(,)π)) = ∅
17	15, 16	syl6eq 2671	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((-π(,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) = ∅)
18		0fin 8132	. . 3 ⊢ ∅ ∈ Fin
19	17, 18	syl6eqel 2706	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((-π(,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) ∈ Fin)
20		rescncf 22608	. . . 4 ⊢ ((-π(,)π) ⊆ ℝ → ((ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ∈ ((-π(,)π)–cn→ℂ)))
21	6, 7, 20	mpsyl 68	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ∈ ((-π(,)π)–cn→ℂ))
22	4	a1i 11	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)))
23	14	oveq1d 6619	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → (dom 𝐺–cn→ℂ) = ((-π(,)π)–cn→ℂ))
24	21, 22, 23	3eltr4d 2713	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ (dom 𝐺–cn→ℂ))
25		pire 24114	. . . . . 6 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ
26	25	renegcli 10286	. . . . 5 ⊢ -π ∈ ℝ
27	25	rexri 10041	. . . . 5 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ^*
28		icossre 12196	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((-π ∈ ℝ ∧ π ∈ ℝ^*) → (-π[,)π) ⊆ ℝ)
29	26, 27, 28	mp2an 707	. . . 4 ⊢ (-π[,)π) ⊆ ℝ
30		eldifi 3710	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π[,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ (-π[,)π))
31	29, 30	sseldi 3581	. . 3 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π[,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ ℝ)
32		limcresi 23555	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞))) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
33	4	reseq1i 5352	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) = (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞))
34		resres 5368	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞)))
35	33, 34	eqtr2i 2644	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞))) = (𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞))
36	35	oveq1i 6614	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞))) lim_ℂ 𝑥) = ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
37	32, 36	sseqtri 3616	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
38	7	adantr 481	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → (ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
39		simpr 477	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → 𝑥 ∈ ℝ)
40	38, 39	cnlimci 23559	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥))
41	37, 40	sseldi 3581	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥))
42		ne0i 3897	. . . 4 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) → ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
43	41, 42	syl 17	. . 3 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
44	31, 43	sylan2 491	. 2 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ((-π[,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺)) → ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
45		negpitopissre 24190	. . . 4 ⊢ (-π(,]π) ⊆ ℝ
46		eldifi 3710	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π(,]π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ (-π(,]π))
47	45, 46	sseldi 3581	. . 3 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π(,]π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ ℝ)
48		limcresi 23555	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥))) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
49	4	reseq1i 5352	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) = (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥))
50		resres 5368	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥)))
51	49, 50	eqtr2i 2644	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥))) = (𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥))
52	51	oveq1i 6614	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥))) lim_ℂ 𝑥) = ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
53	48, 52	sseqtri 3616	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
54	53, 40	sseldi 3581	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥))
55		ne0i 3897	. . . 4 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) → ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
56	54, 55	syl 17	. . 3 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
57	47, 56	sylan2 491	. 2 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ((-π(,]π) ∖ dom 𝐺)) → ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
58		eqid 2621	. 2 ⊢ (topGen‘ran (,)) = (topGen‘ran (,))
59		ax-resscn 9937	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ℝ ⊆ ℂ
60	59	a1i 11	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → ℝ ⊆ ℂ)
61	1, 60	fssd 6014	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℂ)
62		ssid 3603	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ℝ ⊆ ℝ
63	62	a1i 11	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → ℝ ⊆ ℝ)
64		dvcn 23590	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (((ℝ ⊆ ℂ ∧ 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℂ ∧ ℝ ⊆ ℝ) ∧ dom (ℝ D 𝐹) = ℝ) → 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
65	60, 61, 63, 10, 64	syl31anc 1326	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
66		cncffvrn 22609	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((ℝ ⊆ ℂ ∧ 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ)) → (𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℝ) ↔ 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ))
67	60, 65, 66	syl2anc 692	. . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℝ) ↔ 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ))
68	1, 67	mpbird 247	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℝ))
69		eqid 2621	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (TopOpen‘ℂ_fld) = (TopOpen‘ℂ_fld)
70	69	tgioo2 22514	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (topGen‘ran (,)) = ((TopOpen‘ℂ_fld) ↾_t ℝ)
71	69, 70, 70	cncfcn 22620	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((ℝ ⊆ ℂ ∧ ℝ ⊆ ℂ) → (ℝ–cn→ℝ) = ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))))
72	60, 60, 71	syl2anc 692	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → (ℝ–cn→ℝ) = ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))))
73	68, 72	eleqtrd 2700	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))))
74		fouriercn.x	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ ℝ)
75		uniretop 22476	. . . 4 ⊢ ℝ = ∪ (topGen‘ran (,))
76	75	cncnpi 20992	. . 3 ⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))) ∧ 𝑋 ∈ ℝ) → 𝐹 ∈ (((topGen‘ran (,)) CnP (topGen‘ran (,)))‘𝑋))
77	73, 74, 76	syl2anc 692	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (((topGen‘ran (,)) CnP (topGen‘ran (,)))‘𝑋))
78		fouriercn.a	. 2 ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ₀ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))
79		fouriercn.b	. 2 ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))
80	1, 2, 3, 4, 19, 24, 44, 57, 58, 77, 78, 79	fouriercnp 39747	1 ⊢ (𝜑 → (((𝐴‘0) / 2) + Σ𝑛 ∈ ℕ (((𝐴‘𝑛) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))) + ((𝐵‘𝑛) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))))) = (𝐹‘𝑋))

Colors of variables: wff setvar class

Syntax hints: → wi 4 ↔ wb 196 ∧ wa 384 = wceq 1480 ∈ wcel 1987 ≠ wne 2790 ∖ cdif 3552 ∩ cin 3554 ⊆ wss 3555 ∅c0 3891 ↦ cmpt 4673 dom cdm 5074 ran crn 5075 ↾ cres 5076 ⟶wf 5843 ‘cfv 5847 (class class class)co 6604 Fincfn 7899 ℂcc 9878 ℝcr 9879 0cc0 9880 + caddc 9883 · cmul 9885 +∞cpnf 10015 -∞cmnf 10016 ℝ^*cxr 10017 -cneg 10211 / cdiv 10628 ℕcn 10964 2c2 11014 ℕ₀cn0 11236 (,)cioo 12117 (,]cioc 12118 [,)cico 12119 Σcsu 14350 sincsin 14719 cosccos 14720 πcpi 14722 TopOpenctopn 16003 topGenctg 16019 ℂ_fldccnfld 19665 Cn ccn 20938 CnP ccnp 20939 –cn→ccncf 22587 ∫citg 23293 lim_ℂ climc 23532 D cdv 23533

This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1719 ax-4 1734 ax-5 1836 ax-6 1885 ax-7 1932 ax-8 1989 ax-9 1996 ax-10 2016 ax-11 2031 ax-12 2044 ax-13 2245 ax-ext 2601 ax-rep 4731 ax-sep 4741 ax-nul 4749 ax-pow 4803 ax-pr 4867 ax-un 6902 ax-inf2 8482 ax-cc 9201 ax-cnex 9936 ax-resscn 9937 ax-1cn 9938 ax-icn 9939 ax-addcl 9940 ax-addrcl 9941 ax-mulcl 9942 ax-mulrcl 9943 ax-mulcom 9944 ax-addass 9945 ax-mulass 9946 ax-distr 9947 ax-i2m1 9948 ax-1ne0 9949 ax-1rid 9950 ax-rnegex 9951 ax-rrecex 9952 ax-cnre 9953 ax-pre-lttri 9954 ax-pre-lttrn 9955 ax-pre-ltadd 9956 ax-pre-mulgt0 9957 ax-pre-sup 9958 ax-addf 9959 ax-mulf 9960

This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 197 df-or 385 df-an 386 df-3or 1037 df-3an 1038 df-tru 1483 df-fal 1486 df-ex 1702 df-nf 1707 df-sb 1878 df-eu 2473 df-mo 2474 df-clab 2608 df-cleq 2614 df-clel 2617 df-nfc 2750 df-ne 2791 df-nel 2894 df-ral 2912 df-rex 2913 df-reu 2914 df-rmo 2915 df-rab 2916 df-v 3188 df-sbc 3418 df-csb 3515 df-dif 3558 df-un 3560 df-in 3562 df-ss 3569 df-pss 3571 df-nul 3892 df-if 4059 df-pw 4132 df-sn 4149 df-pr 4151 df-tp 4153 df-op 4155 df-uni 4403 df-int 4441 df-iun 4487 df-iin 4488 df-disj 4584 df-br 4614 df-opab 4674 df-mpt 4675 df-tr 4713 df-eprel 4985 df-id 4989 df-po 4995 df-so 4996 df-fr 5033 df-se 5034 df-we 5035 df-xp 5080 df-rel 5081 df-cnv 5082 df-co 5083 df-dm 5084 df-rn 5085 df-res 5086 df-ima 5087 df-pred 5639 df-ord 5685 df-on 5686 df-lim 5687 df-suc 5688 df-iota 5810 df-fun 5849 df-fn 5850 df-f 5851 df-f1 5852 df-fo 5853 df-f1o 5854 df-fv 5855 df-isom 5856 df-riota 6565 df-ov 6607 df-oprab 6608 df-mpt2 6609 df-of 6850 df-ofr 6851 df-om 7013 df-1st 7113 df-2nd 7114 df-supp 7241 df-wrecs 7352 df-recs 7413 df-rdg 7451 df-1o 7505 df-2o 7506 df-oadd 7509 df-omul 7510 df-er 7687 df-map 7804 df-pm 7805 df-ixp 7853 df-en 7900 df-dom 7901 df-sdom 7902 df-fin 7903 df-fsupp 8220 df-fi 8261 df-sup 8292 df-inf 8293 df-oi 8359 df-card 8709 df-acn 8712 df-cda 8934 df-pnf 10020 df-mnf 10021 df-xr 10022 df-ltxr 10023 df-le 10024 df-sub 10212 df-neg 10213 df-div 10629 df-nn 10965 df-2 11023 df-3 11024 df-4 11025 df-5 11026 df-6 11027 df-7 11028 df-8 11029 df-9 11030 df-n0 11237 df-xnn0 11308 df-z 11322 df-dec 11438 df-uz 11632 df-q 11733 df-rp 11777 df-xneg 11890 df-xadd 11891 df-xmul 11892 df-ioo 12121 df-ioc 12122 df-ico 12123 df-icc 12124 df-fz 12269 df-fzo 12407 df-fl 12533 df-mod 12609 df-seq 12742 df-exp 12801 df-fac 13001 df-bc 13030 df-hash 13058 df-shft 13741 df-cj 13773 df-re 13774 df-im 13775 df-sqrt 13909 df-abs 13910 df-limsup 14136 df-clim 14153 df-rlim 14154 df-sum 14351 df-ef 14723 df-sin 14725 df-cos 14726 df-pi 14728 df-struct 15783 df-ndx 15784 df-slot 15785 df-base 15786 df-sets 15787 df-ress 15788 df-plusg 15875 df-mulr 15876 df-starv 15877 df-sca 15878 df-vsca 15879 df-ip 15880 df-tset 15881 df-ple 15882 df-ds 15885 df-unif 15886 df-hom 15887 df-cco 15888 df-rest 16004 df-topn 16005 df-0g 16023 df-gsum 16024 df-topgen 16025 df-pt 16026 df-prds 16029 df-xrs 16083 df-qtop 16088 df-imas 16089 df-xps 16091 df-mre 16167 df-mrc 16168 df-acs 16170 df-mgm 17163 df-sgrp 17205 df-mnd 17216 df-submnd 17257 df-mulg 17462 df-cntz 17671 df-cmn 18116 df-psmet 19657 df-xmet 19658 df-met 19659 df-bl 19660 df-mopn 19661 df-fbas 19662 df-fg 19663 df-cnfld 19666 df-top 20621 df-bases 20622 df-topon 20623 df-topsp 20624 df-cld 20733 df-ntr 20734 df-cls 20735 df-nei 20812 df-lp 20850 df-perf 20851 df-cn 20941 df-cnp 20942 df-t1 21028 df-haus 21029 df-cmp 21100 df-tx 21275 df-hmeo 21468 df-fil 21560 df-fm 21652 df-flim 21653 df-flf 21654 df-xms 22035 df-ms 22036 df-tms 22037 df-cncf 22589 df-ovol 23140 df-vol 23141 df-mbf 23294 df-itg1 23295 df-itg2 23296 df-ibl 23297 df-itg 23298 df-0p 23343 df-ditg 23517 df-limc 23536 df-dv 23537

This theorem is referenced by: (None)

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