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| Description: 𝜑 cannot be denied and (at the same time ) ¬ ¬ 𝜑 affirmed. Duplex negatio affirmat. The denial of the denial is affirmation. Identical to notnotr 130. Axiom 31 of [Frege1879] p. 44. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.) (New usage is discouraged.) | 
| Ref | Expression | 
|---|---|
| ax-frege31 | ⊢ (¬ ¬ 𝜑 → 𝜑) | 
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wph | . . . 4 wff 𝜑 | |
| 2 | 1 | wn 3 | . . 3 wff ¬ 𝜑 | 
| 3 | 2 | wn 3 | . 2 wff ¬ ¬ 𝜑 | 
| 4 | 3, 1 | wi 4 | 1 wff (¬ ¬ 𝜑 → 𝜑) | 
| Colors of variables: wff setvar class | 
| This axiom is referenced by: frege32 43848 | 
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