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Definition df-seq 13360
Description: Define a general-purpose operation that builds a recursive sequence (i.e., a function on an upper integer set such as or 0) whose value at an index is a function of its previous value and the value of an input sequence at that index. This definition is complicated, but fortunately it is not intended to be used directly. Instead, the only purpose of this definition is to provide us with an object that has the properties expressed by seq1 13372 and seqp1 13374. Typically, those are the main theorems that would be used in practice.

The first operand in the parentheses is the operation that is applied to the previous value and the value of the input sequence (second operand). The operand to the left of the parenthesis is the integer to start from. For example, for the operation +, an input sequence 𝐹 with values 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8,... would be transformed into the output sequence seq1( + , 𝐹) with values 1, 3/2, 7/4, 15/8,.., so that (seq1( + , 𝐹)‘1) = 1, (seq1( + , 𝐹)‘2) = 3/2, etc. In other words, seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) transforms a sequence 𝐹 into an infinite series. seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) ⇝ 2 means "the sum of F(n) from n = M to infinity is 2." Since limits are unique (climuni 14899), by climdm 14901 the "sum of F(n) from n = 1 to infinity" can be expressed as ( ⇝ ‘seq1( + , 𝐹)) (provided the sequence converges) and evaluates to 2 in this example.

Internally, the rec function generates as its values a set of ordered pairs starting at 𝑀, (𝐹𝑀)⟩, with the first member of each pair incremented by one in each successive value. So, the range of rec is exactly the sequence we want, and we just extract the range (restricted to omega) and throw away the domain.

This definition has its roots in a series of theorems from om2uz0i 13305 through om2uzf1oi 13311, originally proved by Raph Levien for use with df-exp 13420 and later generalized for arbitrary recursive sequences. Definition df-sum 15033 extracts the summation values from partial (finite) and complete (infinite) series. (Contributed by NM, 18-Apr-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 4-Sep-2013.)

Assertion
Ref Expression
df-seq seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) = (rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹𝑀)⟩) “ ω)
Distinct variable groups:   𝑥, + ,𝑦   𝑥,𝐹,𝑦   𝑥,𝑀,𝑦

Detailed syntax breakdown of Definition df-seq
StepHypRef Expression
1 c.pl . . 3 class +
2 cF . . 3 class 𝐹
3 cM . . 3 class 𝑀
41, 2, 3cseq 13359 . 2 class seq𝑀( + , 𝐹)
5 vx . . . . 5 setvar 𝑥
6 vy . . . . 5 setvar 𝑦
7 cvv 3495 . . . . 5 class V
85cv 1527 . . . . . . 7 class 𝑥
9 c1 10527 . . . . . . 7 class 1
10 caddc 10529 . . . . . . 7 class +
118, 9, 10co 7145 . . . . . 6 class (𝑥 + 1)
126cv 1527 . . . . . . 7 class 𝑦
1311, 2cfv 6349 . . . . . . 7 class (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1))
1412, 13, 1co 7145 . . . . . 6 class (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))
1511, 14cop 4565 . . . . 5 class ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩
165, 6, 7, 7, 15cmpo 7147 . . . 4 class (𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩)
173, 2cfv 6349 . . . . 5 class (𝐹𝑀)
183, 17cop 4565 . . . 4 class 𝑀, (𝐹𝑀)⟩
1916, 18crdg 8036 . . 3 class rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹𝑀)⟩)
20 com 7568 . . 3 class ω
2119, 20cima 5552 . 2 class (rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹𝑀)⟩) “ ω)
224, 21wceq 1528 1 wff seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) = (rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹𝑀)⟩) “ ω)
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
This definition is referenced by:  seqex  13361  seqeq1  13362  seqeq2  13363  seqeq3  13364  nfseq  13369  seqval  13370
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