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Definition df-exp 10613
Description: Define exponentiation to nonnegative integer powers. For example, (5↑2) = 25 (see ex-exp 15289).

This definition is not meant to be used directly; instead, exp0 10617 and expp1 10620 provide the standard recursive definition. The up-arrow notation is used by Donald Knuth for iterated exponentiation (Science 194, 1235-1242, 1976) and is convenient for us since we don't have superscripts.

10-Jun-2005: The definition was extended to include zero exponents, so that 0↑0 = 1 per the convention of Definition 10-4.1 of [Gleason] p. 134 (see 0exp0e1 10618).

4-Jun-2014: The definition was extended to include negative integer exponents. For example, (-3↑-2) = (1 / 9) (ex-exp 15289). The case 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 < 0 gives the value (1 / 0), so we will avoid this case in our theorems. (Contributed by Raph Levien, 20-May-2004.) (Revised by NM, 15-Oct-2004.)

Assertion
Ref Expression
df-exp ↑ = (𝑥 ∈ ℂ, 𝑦 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑦 = 0, 1, if(0 < 𝑦, (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘𝑦), (1 / (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘-𝑦)))))
Distinct variable group:   𝑥,𝑦

Detailed syntax breakdown of Definition df-exp
StepHypRef Expression
1 cexp 10612 . 2 class
2 vx . . 3 setvar 𝑥
3 vy . . 3 setvar 𝑦
4 cc 7872 . . 3 class
5 cz 9320 . . 3 class
63cv 1363 . . . . 5 class 𝑦
7 cc0 7874 . . . . 5 class 0
86, 7wceq 1364 . . . 4 wff 𝑦 = 0
9 c1 7875 . . . 4 class 1
10 clt 8056 . . . . . 6 class <
117, 6, 10wbr 4030 . . . . 5 wff 0 < 𝑦
12 cmul 7879 . . . . . . 7 class ·
13 cn 8984 . . . . . . . 8 class
142cv 1363 . . . . . . . . 9 class 𝑥
1514csn 3619 . . . . . . . 8 class {𝑥}
1613, 15cxp 4658 . . . . . . 7 class (ℕ × {𝑥})
1712, 16, 9cseq 10521 . . . . . 6 class seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))
186, 17cfv 5255 . . . . 5 class (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘𝑦)
196cneg 8193 . . . . . . 7 class -𝑦
2019, 17cfv 5255 . . . . . 6 class (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘-𝑦)
21 cdiv 8693 . . . . . 6 class /
229, 20, 21co 5919 . . . . 5 class (1 / (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘-𝑦))
2311, 18, 22cif 3558 . . . 4 class if(0 < 𝑦, (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘𝑦), (1 / (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘-𝑦)))
248, 9, 23cif 3558 . . 3 class if(𝑦 = 0, 1, if(0 < 𝑦, (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘𝑦), (1 / (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘-𝑦))))
252, 3, 4, 5, 24cmpo 5921 . 2 class (𝑥 ∈ ℂ, 𝑦 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑦 = 0, 1, if(0 < 𝑦, (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘𝑦), (1 / (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘-𝑦)))))
261, 25wceq 1364 1 wff ↑ = (𝑥 ∈ ℂ, 𝑦 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑦 = 0, 1, if(0 < 𝑦, (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘𝑦), (1 / (seq1( · , (ℕ × {𝑥}))‘-𝑦)))))
Colors of variables: wff set class
This definition is referenced by:  exp3val  10615
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