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Definition df-sum 15671
Description: Define the sum of a series with an index set of integers 𝐴. The variable 𝑘 is normally a free variable in 𝐵, i.e., 𝐵 can be thought of as 𝐵(𝑘). This definition is the result of a collection of discussions over the most general definition for a sum that does not need the index set to have a specified ordering. This definition is in two parts, one for finite sums and one for subsets of the upper integers. When summing over a subset of the upper integers, we extend the index set to the upper integers by adding zero outside the domain, and then sum the set in order, setting the result to the limit of the partial sums, if it exists. This means that conditionally convergent sums can be evaluated meaningfully. For finite sums, we are explicitly order-independent, by picking any bijection to a 1-based finite sequence and summing in the induced order. These two methods of summation produce the same result on their common region of definition (i.e., finite sets of integers) by summo 15701. Examples: Σ𝑘 ∈ {1, 2, 4}𝑘 means 1 + 2 + 4 = 7, and Σ𝑘 ∈ ℕ(1 / (2↑𝑘)) = 1 means 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + ... = 1 (geoihalfsum 15866). (Contributed by NM, 11-Dec-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 13-Jun-2019.)
Assertion
Ref Expression
df-sum Σ𝑘𝐴 𝐵 = (℩𝑥(∃𝑚 ∈ ℤ (𝐴 ⊆ (ℤ𝑚) ∧ seq𝑚( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑛𝐴, 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵, 0))) ⇝ 𝑥) ∨ ∃𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑓(𝑓:(1...𝑚)–1-1-onto𝐴𝑥 = (seq1( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵))‘𝑚))))
Distinct variable groups:   𝑓,𝑘,𝑚,𝑛,𝑥   𝐴,𝑓,𝑚,𝑛,𝑥   𝐵,𝑓,𝑚,𝑛,𝑥
Allowed substitution hints:   𝐴(𝑘)   𝐵(𝑘)

Detailed syntax breakdown of Definition df-sum
StepHypRef Expression
1 cA . . 3 class 𝐴
2 cB . . 3 class 𝐵
3 vk . . 3 setvar 𝑘
41, 2, 3csu 15670 . 2 class Σ𝑘𝐴 𝐵
5 vm . . . . . . . . 9 setvar 𝑚
65cv 1532 . . . . . . . 8 class 𝑚
7 cuz 12858 . . . . . . . 8 class
86, 7cfv 6551 . . . . . . 7 class (ℤ𝑚)
91, 8wss 3947 . . . . . 6 wff 𝐴 ⊆ (ℤ𝑚)
10 caddc 11147 . . . . . . . 8 class +
11 vn . . . . . . . . 9 setvar 𝑛
12 cz 12594 . . . . . . . . 9 class
1311cv 1532 . . . . . . . . . . 11 class 𝑛
1413, 1wcel 2098 . . . . . . . . . 10 wff 𝑛𝐴
153, 13, 2csb 3892 . . . . . . . . . 10 class 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵
16 cc0 11144 . . . . . . . . . 10 class 0
1714, 15, 16cif 4530 . . . . . . . . 9 class if(𝑛𝐴, 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵, 0)
1811, 12, 17cmpt 5233 . . . . . . . 8 class (𝑛 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑛𝐴, 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵, 0))
1910, 18, 6cseq 14004 . . . . . . 7 class seq𝑚( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑛𝐴, 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵, 0)))
20 vx . . . . . . . 8 setvar 𝑥
2120cv 1532 . . . . . . 7 class 𝑥
22 cli 15466 . . . . . . 7 class
2319, 21, 22wbr 5150 . . . . . 6 wff seq𝑚( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑛𝐴, 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵, 0))) ⇝ 𝑥
249, 23wa 394 . . . . 5 wff (𝐴 ⊆ (ℤ𝑚) ∧ seq𝑚( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑛𝐴, 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵, 0))) ⇝ 𝑥)
2524, 5, 12wrex 3066 . . . 4 wff 𝑚 ∈ ℤ (𝐴 ⊆ (ℤ𝑚) ∧ seq𝑚( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑛𝐴, 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵, 0))) ⇝ 𝑥)
26 c1 11145 . . . . . . . . 9 class 1
27 cfz 13522 . . . . . . . . 9 class ...
2826, 6, 27co 7424 . . . . . . . 8 class (1...𝑚)
29 vf . . . . . . . . 9 setvar 𝑓
3029cv 1532 . . . . . . . 8 class 𝑓
3128, 1, 30wf1o 6550 . . . . . . 7 wff 𝑓:(1...𝑚)–1-1-onto𝐴
32 cn 12248 . . . . . . . . . . 11 class
3313, 30cfv 6551 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 class (𝑓𝑛)
343, 33, 2csb 3892 . . . . . . . . . . 11 class (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵
3511, 32, 34cmpt 5233 . . . . . . . . . 10 class (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵)
3610, 35, 26cseq 14004 . . . . . . . . 9 class seq1( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵))
376, 36cfv 6551 . . . . . . . 8 class (seq1( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵))‘𝑚)
3821, 37wceq 1533 . . . . . . 7 wff 𝑥 = (seq1( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵))‘𝑚)
3931, 38wa 394 . . . . . 6 wff (𝑓:(1...𝑚)–1-1-onto𝐴𝑥 = (seq1( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵))‘𝑚))
4039, 29wex 1773 . . . . 5 wff 𝑓(𝑓:(1...𝑚)–1-1-onto𝐴𝑥 = (seq1( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵))‘𝑚))
4140, 5, 32wrex 3066 . . . 4 wff 𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑓(𝑓:(1...𝑚)–1-1-onto𝐴𝑥 = (seq1( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵))‘𝑚))
4225, 41wo 845 . . 3 wff (∃𝑚 ∈ ℤ (𝐴 ⊆ (ℤ𝑚) ∧ seq𝑚( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑛𝐴, 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵, 0))) ⇝ 𝑥) ∨ ∃𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑓(𝑓:(1...𝑚)–1-1-onto𝐴𝑥 = (seq1( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵))‘𝑚)))
4342, 20cio 6501 . 2 class (℩𝑥(∃𝑚 ∈ ℤ (𝐴 ⊆ (ℤ𝑚) ∧ seq𝑚( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑛𝐴, 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵, 0))) ⇝ 𝑥) ∨ ∃𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑓(𝑓:(1...𝑚)–1-1-onto𝐴𝑥 = (seq1( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵))‘𝑚))))
444, 43wceq 1533 1 wff Σ𝑘𝐴 𝐵 = (℩𝑥(∃𝑚 ∈ ℤ (𝐴 ⊆ (ℤ𝑚) ∧ seq𝑚( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑛𝐴, 𝑛 / 𝑘𝐵, 0))) ⇝ 𝑥) ∨ ∃𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑓(𝑓:(1...𝑚)–1-1-onto𝐴𝑥 = (seq1( + , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (𝑓𝑛) / 𝑘𝐵))‘𝑚))))
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
This definition is referenced by:  sumex  15672  sumeq1  15673  nfsum1  15674  nfsum  15675  sumeq2w  15676  sumeq2ii  15677  cbvsum  15679  zsum  15702  fsum  15704
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