Definition df-seq 14172

Description: Define a general-purpose operation that builds a recursive sequence (i.e., a function on an upper integer set such as ℕ or ℕ₀) whose value at an index is a function of its previous value and the value of an input sequence at that index. This definition is complicated, but fortunately it is not intended to be used directly. Instead, the only purpose of this definition is to provide us with an object that has the properties expressed by seq1 14184 and seqp1 14186. Typically, those are the main theorems that would be used in practice.

The first operand in the parentheses is the operation that is applied to the previous value and the value of the input sequence (second operand). The operand to the left of the parenthesis is the integer to start from. For example, for the operation +, an input sequence 𝐹 with values 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8,... would be transformed into the output sequence seq1( + , 𝐹) with values 1, 3/2, 7/4, 15/8,.., so that (seq1( + , 𝐹)‘1) = 1, (seq1( + , 𝐹)‘2) = 3/2, etc. In other words, seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) transforms a sequence 𝐹 into an infinite series. seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) ⇝ 2 means "the sum of F(n) from n = M to infinity is 2". Since limits are unique (climuni 15748), by climdm 15750 the "sum of F(n) from n = 1 to infinity" can be expressed as ( ⇝ ‘seq1( + , 𝐹)) (provided the sequence converges) and evaluates to 2 in this example.

Internally, the rec function generates as its values a set of ordered pairs starting at ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩, with the first member of each pair incremented by one in each successive value. So, the range of rec is exactly the sequence we want, and we just extract the range (restricted to omega) and throw away the domain.

This definition has its roots in a series of theorems from om2uz0i 14117 through om2uzf1oi 14123, originally proved by Raph Levien for use with df-exp 14232 and later generalized for arbitrary recursive sequences. Definition df-sum 15883 extracts the summation values from partial (finite) and complete (infinite) series. (Contributed by NM, 18-Apr-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 4-Sep-2013.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
df-seq	⊢ seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) = (rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩) “ ω)

Distinct variable groups:   𝑥, + ,𝑦   𝑥,𝐹,𝑦   𝑥,𝑀,𝑦

Detailed syntax breakdown of Definition df-seq

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		c.pl	. . 3 class +
2		cF	. . 3 class 𝐹
3		cM	. . 3 class 𝑀
4	1, 2, 3	cseq 14171	. 2 class seq𝑀( + , 𝐹)
5		vx	. . . . 5 setvar 𝑥
6		vy	. . . . 5 setvar 𝑦
7		cvv 3454	. . . . 5 class V
8	5	cv 1569	. . . . . . 7 class 𝑥
9		c1 11228	. . . . . . 7 class 1
10		caddc 11230	. . . . . . 7 class +
11	8, 9, 10	co 7443	. . . . . 6 class (𝑥 + 1)
12	6	cv 1569	. . . . . . 7 class 𝑦
13	11, 2	cfv 6558	. . . . . . 7 class (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1))
14	12, 13, 1	co 7443	. . . . . 6 class (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))
15	11, 14	cop 4838	. . . . 5 class ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩
16	5, 6, 7, 7, 15	cmpo 7445	. . . 4 class (𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩)
17	3, 2	cfv 6558	. . . . 5 class (𝐹‘𝑀)
18	3, 17	cop 4838	. . . 4 class ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩
19	16, 18	crdg 8445	. . 3 class rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩)
20		com 7901	. . 3 class ω
21	19, 20	cima 5658	. 2 class (rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩) “ ω)
22	4, 21	wceq 1570	1 wff seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) = (rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩) “ ω)

This definition is used by:  seqex  14173  seqeq1  14174  seqeq2  14175  seqeq3  14176  nfseq  14181  seqval  14182