Definition df-seq 13722

Description: Define a general-purpose operation that builds a recursive sequence (i.e., a function on an upper integer set such as ℕ or ℕ₀) whose value at an index is a function of its previous value and the value of an input sequence at that index. This definition is complicated, but fortunately it is not intended to be used directly. Instead, the only purpose of this definition is to provide us with an object that has the properties expressed by seq1 13734 and seqp1 13736. Typically, those are the main theorems that would be used in practice.

The first operand in the parentheses is the operation that is applied to the previous value and the value of the input sequence (second operand). The operand to the left of the parenthesis is the integer to start from. For example, for the operation +, an input sequence 𝐹 with values 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8,... would be transformed into the output sequence seq1( + , 𝐹) with values 1, 3/2, 7/4, 15/8,.., so that (seq1( + , 𝐹)‘1) = 1, (seq1( + , 𝐹)‘2) = 3/2, etc. In other words, seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) transforms a sequence 𝐹 into an infinite series. seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) ⇝ 2 means "the sum of F(n) from n = M to infinity is 2". Since limits are unique (climuni 15261), by climdm 15263 the "sum of F(n) from n = 1 to infinity" can be expressed as ( ⇝ ‘seq1( + , 𝐹)) (provided the sequence converges) and evaluates to 2 in this example.

Internally, the rec function generates as its values a set of ordered pairs starting at ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩, with the first member of each pair incremented by one in each successive value. So, the range of rec is exactly the sequence we want, and we just extract the range (restricted to omega) and throw away the domain.

This definition has its roots in a series of theorems from om2uz0i 13667 through om2uzf1oi 13673, originally proved by Raph Levien for use with df-exp 13783 and later generalized for arbitrary recursive sequences. Definition df-sum 15398 extracts the summation values from partial (finite) and complete (infinite) series. (Contributed by NM, 18-Apr-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 4-Sep-2013.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
df-seq	⊢ seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) = (rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩) “ ω)

Distinct variable groups:   𝑥, + ,𝑦   𝑥,𝐹,𝑦   𝑥,𝑀,𝑦

Detailed syntax breakdown of Definition df-seq

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		c.pl	. . 3 class +
2		cF	. . 3 class 𝐹
3		cM	. . 3 class 𝑀
4	1, 2, 3	cseq 13721	. 2 class seq𝑀( + , 𝐹)
5		vx	. . . . 5 setvar 𝑥
6		vy	. . . . 5 setvar 𝑦
7		cvv 3432	. . . . 5 class V
8	5	cv 1538	. . . . . . 7 class 𝑥
9		c1 10872	. . . . . . 7 class 1
10		caddc 10874	. . . . . . 7 class +
11	8, 9, 10	co 7275	. . . . . 6 class (𝑥 + 1)
12	6	cv 1538	. . . . . . 7 class 𝑦
13	11, 2	cfv 6433	. . . . . . 7 class (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1))
14	12, 13, 1	co 7275	. . . . . 6 class (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))
15	11, 14	cop 4567	. . . . 5 class ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩
16	5, 6, 7, 7, 15	cmpo 7277	. . . 4 class (𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩)
17	3, 2	cfv 6433	. . . . 5 class (𝐹‘𝑀)
18	3, 17	cop 4567	. . . 4 class ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩
19	16, 18	crdg 8240	. . 3 class rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩)
20		com 7712	. . 3 class ω
21	19, 20	cima 5592	. 2 class (rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩) “ ω)
22	4, 21	wceq 1539	1 wff seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) = (rec((𝑥 ∈ V, 𝑦 ∈ V ↦ ⟨(𝑥 + 1), (𝑦 + (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 1)))⟩), ⟨𝑀, (𝐹‘𝑀)⟩) “ ω)

This definition is referenced by:  seqex  13723  seqeq1  13724  seqeq2  13725  seqeq3  13726  nfseq  13731  seqval  13732