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Theorem ex-natded9.26 29405
Description: Theorem 9.26 of [Clemente] p. 45, translated line by line using an interpretation of natural deduction in Metamath. This proof has some additional complications due to the fact that Metamath's existential elimination rule does not change bound variables, so we need to verify that 𝑥 is bound in the conclusion. For information about ND and Metamath, see the page on Deduction Form and Natural Deduction in Metamath Proof Explorer. The original proof, which uses Fitch style, was written as follows (the leading "..." shows an embedded ND hypothesis, beginning with the initial assumption of the ND hypothesis):
#MPE#ND Expression MPE TranslationND Rationale MPE Rationale
13 𝑥𝑦𝜓(𝑥, 𝑦) (𝜑 → ∃𝑥𝑦𝜓) Given $e.
26 ...| 𝑦𝜓(𝑥, 𝑦) ((𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑦𝜓) → ∀𝑦𝜓) ND hypothesis assumption simpr 486. Later statements will have this scope.
37;5,4 ... 𝜓(𝑥, 𝑦) ((𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑦𝜓) → 𝜓) E 2,y spsbcd 3758 (E), 5,6. To use it we need a1i 11 and vex 3452. This could be immediately done with 19.21bi 2183, but we want to show the general approach for substitution.
412;8,9,10,11 ... 𝑥𝜓(𝑥, 𝑦) ((𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑦𝜓) → ∃𝑥𝜓) I 3,a spesbcd 3844 (I), 11. To use it we need sylibr 233, which in turn requires sylib 217 and two uses of sbcid 3761. This could be more immediately done using 19.8a 2175, but we want to show the general approach for substitution.
513;1,2 𝑥𝜓(𝑥, 𝑦) (𝜑 → ∃𝑥𝜓) E 1,2,4,a exlimdd 2214 (E), 1,2,3,12. We'll need supporting assertions that the variable is free (not bound), as provided in nfv 1918 and nfe1 2148 (MPE# 1,2)
614 𝑦𝑥𝜓(𝑥, 𝑦) (𝜑 → ∀𝑦𝑥𝜓) I 5 alrimiv 1931 (I), 13

The original used Latin letters for predicates; we have replaced them with Greek letters to follow Metamath naming conventions and so that it is easier to follow the Metamath translation. The Metamath line-for-line translation of this natural deduction approach precedes every line with an antecedent including 𝜑 and uses the Metamath equivalents of the natural deduction rules. Below is the final Metamath proof (which reorders some steps).

Note that in the original proof, 𝜓(𝑥, 𝑦) has explicit parameters. In Metamath, these parameters are always implicit, and the parameters upon which a wff variable can depend are recorded in the "allowed substitution hints" below.

A much more efficient proof, using more of Metamath and MPE's capabilities, is shown in ex-natded9.26-2 29406.

(Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Feb-2017.) (Revised by David A. Wheeler, 18-Feb-2017.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)

Hypothesis
Ref Expression
ex-natded9.26.1 (𝜑 → ∃𝑥𝑦𝜓)
Assertion
Ref Expression
ex-natded9.26 (𝜑 → ∀𝑦𝑥𝜓)
Distinct variable group:   𝑥,𝑦,𝜑
Allowed substitution hints:   𝜓(𝑥,𝑦)

Proof of Theorem ex-natded9.26
StepHypRef Expression
1 nfv 1918 . . 3 𝑥𝜑
2 nfe1 2148 . . 3 𝑥𝑥𝜓
3 ex-natded9.26.1 . . 3 (𝜑 → ∃𝑥𝑦𝜓)
4 vex 3452 . . . . . . . 8 𝑦 ∈ V
54a1i 11 . . . . . . 7 ((𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑦𝜓) → 𝑦 ∈ V)
6 simpr 486 . . . . . . 7 ((𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑦𝜓) → ∀𝑦𝜓)
75, 6spsbcd 3758 . . . . . 6 ((𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑦𝜓) → [𝑦 / 𝑦]𝜓)
8 sbcid 3761 . . . . . 6 ([𝑦 / 𝑦]𝜓𝜓)
97, 8sylib 217 . . . . 5 ((𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑦𝜓) → 𝜓)
10 sbcid 3761 . . . . 5 ([𝑥 / 𝑥]𝜓𝜓)
119, 10sylibr 233 . . . 4 ((𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑦𝜓) → [𝑥 / 𝑥]𝜓)
1211spesbcd 3844 . . 3 ((𝜑 ∧ ∀𝑦𝜓) → ∃𝑥𝜓)
131, 2, 3, 12exlimdd 2214 . 2 (𝜑 → ∃𝑥𝜓)
1413alrimiv 1931 1 (𝜑 → ∀𝑦𝑥𝜓)
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
Syntax hints:  wi 4  wa 397  wal 1540  wex 1782  wcel 2107  Vcvv 3448  [wsbc 3744
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1798  ax-4 1812  ax-5 1914  ax-6 1972  ax-7 2012  ax-8 2109  ax-9 2117  ax-10 2138  ax-11 2155  ax-12 2172  ax-ext 2708
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 206  df-an 398  df-or 847  df-tru 1545  df-ex 1783  df-nf 1787  df-sb 2069  df-clab 2715  df-cleq 2729  df-clel 2815  df-nfc 2890  df-ral 3066  df-rex 3075  df-v 3450  df-sbc 3745
This theorem is referenced by: (None)
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