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Theorem ac3 10399
Description: Axiom of Choice using abbreviations. The logical equivalence to ax-ac 10396 can be established by chaining aceq0 10055 and aceq2 10056. A standard textbook version of AC is derived from this one in dfac2a 10066, and this version of AC is derived from the textbook version in dfac2b 10067, showing their logical equivalence (see dfac2 10068).

The following sketch will help you understand this version of the axiom. Given any set 𝑥, the axiom says that there exists a 𝑦 that is a collection of unordered pairs, one pair for each nonempty member of 𝑥. One entry in the pair is the member of 𝑥, and the other entry is some arbitrary member of that member of 𝑥. Using the Axiom of Regularity, we can show that 𝑦 is really a set of ordered pairs, very similar to the ordered pair construction opthreg 9555. The key theorem for this (used in the proof of dfac2b 10067) is preleq 9553. With this modified definition of ordered pair, it can be seen that 𝑦 is actually a choice function on the members of 𝑥.

For example, suppose 𝑥 = {{1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 3, 4}}. Let us try 𝑦 = {{{1, 2}, 1}, {{1, 3}, 1}, {{2, 3, 4}, 2}}. For the member (of 𝑥) 𝑧 = {1, 2}, the only assignment to 𝑤 and 𝑣 that satisfies the axiom is 𝑤 = 1 and 𝑣 = {{1, 2}, 1}, so there is exactly one 𝑤 as required. We verify the other two members of 𝑥 similarly. Thus, 𝑦 satisfies the axiom. Using our modified ordered pair definition, we can say that 𝑦 corresponds to the choice function {⟨{1, 2}, 1⟩, ⟨{1, 3}, 1⟩, ⟨{2, 3, 4}, 2⟩}. Of course other choices for 𝑦 will also satisfy the axiom, for example 𝑦 = {{{1, 2}, 2}, {{1, 3}, 1}, {{2, 3, 4}, 4}}. What AC tells us is that there exists at least one such 𝑦, but it doesn't tell us which one.

(New usage is discouraged.) (Contributed by NM, 19-Jul-1996.)

Assertion
Ref Expression
ac3 𝑦𝑧𝑥 (𝑧 ≠ ∅ → ∃!𝑤𝑧𝑣𝑦 (𝑧𝑣𝑤𝑣))
Distinct variable group:   𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝑤,𝑣

Proof of Theorem ac3
Dummy variable 𝑢 is distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 ac2 10398 . 2 𝑦𝑧𝑥𝑤𝑧 ∃!𝑣𝑧𝑢𝑦 (𝑧𝑢𝑣𝑢)
2 aceq2 10056 . 2 (∃𝑦𝑧𝑥𝑤𝑧 ∃!𝑣𝑧𝑢𝑦 (𝑧𝑢𝑣𝑢) ↔ ∃𝑦𝑧𝑥 (𝑧 ≠ ∅ → ∃!𝑤𝑧𝑣𝑦 (𝑧𝑣𝑤𝑣)))
31, 2mpbi 229 1 𝑦𝑧𝑥 (𝑧 ≠ ∅ → ∃!𝑤𝑧𝑣𝑦 (𝑧𝑣𝑤𝑣))
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
Syntax hints:  wi 4  wa 397  wex 1782  wne 2944  wral 3065  wrex 3074  ∃!wreu 3352  c0 4283
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1798  ax-4 1812  ax-5 1914  ax-6 1972  ax-7 2012  ax-8 2109  ax-9 2117  ax-10 2138  ax-11 2155  ax-12 2172  ax-ext 2708  ax-ac 10396
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 206  df-an 398  df-or 847  df-tru 1545  df-fal 1555  df-ex 1783  df-nf 1787  df-sb 2069  df-mo 2539  df-eu 2568  df-clab 2715  df-cleq 2729  df-clel 2815  df-ne 2945  df-ral 3066  df-rex 3075  df-reu 3355  df-dif 3914  df-nul 4284
This theorem is referenced by:  axac2  10403
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