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Theorem natded 29645
Description: Here are typical natural deduction (ND) rules in the style of Gentzen and Jaśkowski, along with MPE translations of them. This also shows the recommended theorems when you find yourself needing these rules (the recommendations encourage a slightly different proof style that works more naturally with set.mm). A decent list of the standard rules of natural deduction can be found beginning with definition /\I in [Pfenning] p. 18. For information about ND and Metamath, see the page on Deduction Form and Natural Deduction in Metamath Proof Explorer. Many more citations could be added.

NameNatural Deduction RuleTranslation RecommendationComments
IT Γ𝜓 => Γ𝜓 idi 1 nothing Reiteration is always redundant in Metamath. Definition "new rule" in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition IT in [Clemente] p. 10.
I Γ𝜓 & Γ𝜒 => Γ𝜓𝜒 jca 512 jca 512, pm3.2i 471 Definition I in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition Im,n in [Clemente] p. 10, and definition I in [Indrzejczak] p. 34 (representing both Gentzen's system NK and Jaśkowski)
EL Γ𝜓𝜒 => Γ𝜓 simpld 495 simpld 495, adantr 481 Definition EL in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition E(1) in [Clemente] p. 11, and definition E in [Indrzejczak] p. 34 (representing both Gentzen's system NK and Jaśkowski)
ER Γ𝜓𝜒 => Γ𝜒 simprd 496 simpr 485, adantl 482 Definition ER in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition E(2) in [Clemente] p. 11, and definition E in [Indrzejczak] p. 34 (representing both Gentzen's system NK and Jaśkowski)
I Γ, 𝜓𝜒 => Γ𝜓𝜒 ex 413 ex 413 Definition I in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition I=>m,n in [Clemente] p. 11, and definition I in [Indrzejczak] p. 33.
E Γ𝜓𝜒 & Γ𝜓 => Γ𝜒 mpd 15 ax-mp 5, mpd 15, mpdan 685, imp 407 Definition E in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition E=>m,n in [Clemente] p. 11, and definition E in [Indrzejczak] p. 33.
IL Γ𝜓 => Γ𝜓𝜒 olcd 872 olc 866, olci 864, olcd 872 Definition I in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition In(1) in [Clemente] p. 12
IR Γ𝜒 => Γ𝜓𝜒 orcd 871 orc 865, orci 863, orcd 871 Definition IR in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition In(2) in [Clemente] p. 12.
E Γ𝜓𝜒 & Γ, 𝜓𝜃 & Γ, 𝜒𝜃 => Γ𝜃 mpjaodan 957 mpjaodan 957, jaodan 956, jaod 857 Definition E in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition Em,n,p in [Clemente] p. 12.
¬I Γ, 𝜓 => Γ¬ 𝜓 inegd 1561 pm2.01d 189
¬I Γ, 𝜓𝜃 & Γ¬ 𝜃 => Γ¬ 𝜓 mtand 814 mtand 814 definition I¬m,n,p in [Clemente] p. 13.
¬I Γ, 𝜓𝜒 & Γ, 𝜓¬ 𝜒 => Γ¬ 𝜓 pm2.65da 815 pm2.65da 815 Contradiction.
¬I Γ, 𝜓¬ 𝜓 => Γ¬ 𝜓 pm2.01da 797 pm2.01d 189, pm2.65da 815, pm2.65d 195 For an alternative falsum-free natural deduction ruleset
¬E Γ𝜓 & Γ¬ 𝜓 => Γ pm2.21fal 1563 pm2.21dd 194
¬E Γ, ¬ 𝜓 => Γ𝜓 pm2.21dd 194 definition E in [Indrzejczak] p. 33.
¬E Γ𝜓 & Γ¬ 𝜓 => Γ𝜃 pm2.21dd 194 pm2.21dd 194, pm2.21d 121, pm2.21 123 For an alternative falsum-free natural deduction ruleset. Definition ¬E in [Pfenning] p. 18.
I Γ trud 1551 tru 1545, trud 1551, mptru 1548 Definition I in [Pfenning] p. 18.
E Γ, ⊥𝜃 falimd 1559 falim 1558 Definition E in [Pfenning] p. 18.
I Γ[𝑎 / 𝑥]𝜓 => Γ𝑥𝜓 alrimiv 1930 alrimiv 1930, ralrimiva 3146 Definition Ia in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition In in [Clemente] p. 32.
E Γ𝑥𝜓 => Γ[𝑡 / 𝑥]𝜓 spsbcd 3790 spcv 3595, rspcv 3608 Definition E in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition En,t in [Clemente] p. 32.
I Γ[𝑡 / 𝑥]𝜓 => Γ𝑥𝜓 spesbcd 3876 spcev 3596, rspcev 3612 Definition I in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition In,t in [Clemente] p. 32.
E Γ𝑥𝜓 & Γ, [𝑎 / 𝑥]𝜓𝜃 => Γ𝜃 exlimddv 1938 exlimddv 1938, exlimdd 2213, exlimdv 1936, rexlimdva 3155 Definition Ea,u in [Pfenning] p. 18, definition Em,n,p,a in [Clemente] p. 32.
C Γ, ¬ 𝜓 => Γ𝜓 efald 1562 efald 1562 Proof by contradiction (classical logic), definition C in [Pfenning] p. 17.
C Γ, ¬ 𝜓𝜓 => Γ𝜓 pm2.18da 798 pm2.18da 798, pm2.18d 127, pm2.18 128 For an alternative falsum-free natural deduction ruleset
¬ ¬C Γ¬ ¬ 𝜓 => Γ𝜓 notnotrd 133 notnotrd 133, notnotr 130 Double negation rule (classical logic), definition NNC in [Pfenning] p. 17, definition E¬n in [Clemente] p. 14.
EM Γ𝜓 ∨ ¬ 𝜓 exmidd 894 exmid 893 Excluded middle (classical logic), definition XM in [Pfenning] p. 17, proof 5.11 in [Clemente] p. 14.
=I Γ𝐴 = 𝐴 eqidd 2733 eqid 2732, eqidd 2733 Introduce equality, definition =I in [Pfenning] p. 127.
=E Γ𝐴 = 𝐵 & Γ[𝐴 / 𝑥]𝜓 => Γ[𝐵 / 𝑥]𝜓 sbceq1dd 3782 sbceq1d 3781, equality theorems Eliminate equality, definition =E in [Pfenning] p. 127. (Both E1 and E2.)

Note that MPE uses classical logic, not intuitionist logic. As is conventional, the "I" rules are introduction rules, "E" rules are elimination rules, the "C" rules are conversion rules, and Γ represents the set of (current) hypotheses. We use wff variable names beginning with 𝜓 to provide a closer representation of the Metamath equivalents (which typically use the antedent 𝜑 to represent the context Γ).

Most of this information was developed by Mario Carneiro and posted on 3-Feb-2017. For more information, see the page on Deduction Form and Natural Deduction in Metamath Proof Explorer.

For annotated examples where some traditional ND rules are directly applied in MPE, see ex-natded5.2 29646, ex-natded5.3 29649, ex-natded5.5 29652, ex-natded5.7 29653, ex-natded5.8 29655, ex-natded5.13 29657, ex-natded9.20 29659, and ex-natded9.26 29661.

(Contributed by DAW, 4-Feb-2017.) (New usage is discouraged.)

Hypothesis
Ref Expression
natded.1 𝜑
Assertion
Ref Expression
natded 𝜑

Proof of Theorem natded
StepHypRef Expression
1 natded.1 1 𝜑
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
This theorem is referenced by: (None)
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