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| Description: The axiom of choice
implies excluded middle. Theorem 1.3 in [Bauer]
p. 483.
The statement of the axiom of choice given here is ac2 in the Metamath
Proof Explorer (version of 3-Aug-2019). In particular, note that the
choice function Essentially the same proof can also be found at "The axiom of choice implies instances of EM", [Crosilla], p. "Set-theoretic principles incompatible with intuitionistic logic". Often referred to as Diaconescu's theorem, or Diaconescu-Goodman-Myhill theorem, after Radu Diaconescu who discovered it in 1975 in the framework of topos theory and N. D. Goodman and John Myhill in 1978 in the framework of set theory (although it already appeared as an exercise in Errett Bishop's book Foundations of Constructive Analysis from 1967). For this theorem stated using the df-ac 7552 and df-exmid 4327 syntaxes, see exmidac 7555. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Aug-2019.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| acexmid.choice |
|
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| acexmid |
|
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | nfv 1581 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
| |
| 2 | 1 | sb8eu 2099 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . 13
|
| 3 | eleq12 2303 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
| |
| 4 | 3 | ancoms 268 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
|
| 5 | 4 | 3adant3 1048 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
|
| 6 | eleq12 2303 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
| |
| 7 | 6 | 3ad2antl1 1190 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
|
| 8 | eleq12 2303 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
| |
| 9 | 8 | 3ad2antl2 1191 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
|
| 10 | 7, 9 | anbi12d 477 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
|
| 11 | simpl3 1033 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
| |
| 12 | 10, 11 | cbvrexdva2 2794 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
|
| 13 | 5, 12 | anbi12d 477 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
|
| 14 | 13 | 3com23 1240 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
|
| 15 | 14 | 3expa 1234 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
|
| 16 | 15 | sbiedv 1842 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
|
| 17 | 16 | eubidv 2094 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . 13
|
| 18 | 2, 17 | bitrid 192 |
. . . . . . . . . . . 12
|
| 19 | df-reu 2535 |
. . . . . . . . . . . 12
| |
| 20 | df-reu 2535 |
. . . . . . . . . . . 12
| |
| 21 | 18, 19, 20 | 3bitr4g 223 |
. . . . . . . . . . 11
|
| 22 | 21 | adantr 276 |
. . . . . . . . . 10
|
| 23 | simpll 531 |
. . . . . . . . . 10
| |
| 24 | 22, 23 | cbvraldva2 2793 |
. . . . . . . . 9
|
| 25 | 24 | ancoms 268 |
. . . . . . . 8
|
| 26 | 25 | adantll 480 |
. . . . . . 7
|
| 27 | simpll 531 |
. . . . . . 7
| |
| 28 | 26, 27 | cbvraldva2 2793 |
. . . . . 6
|
| 29 | 28 | cbvexdva 1985 |
. . . . 5
|
| 30 | 29 | cbvalv 1973 |
. . . 4
|
| 31 | acexmid.choice |
. . . 4
| |
| 32 | 30, 31 | mpgbir 1506 |
. . 3
|
| 33 | 32 | spi 1589 |
. 2
|
| 34 | 33 | acexmidlemv 6073 |
1
|
| Colors of variables: wff set class |
| Syntax hints: |
| This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-ia1 106 ax-ia2 107 ax-ia3 108 ax-in1 623 ax-in2 624 ax-io 721 ax-5 1500 ax-7 1501 ax-gen 1502 ax-ie1 1546 ax-ie2 1547 ax-8 1557 ax-10 1558 ax-11 1559 ax-i12 1560 ax-bndl 1562 ax-4 1563 ax-17 1579 ax-i9 1583 ax-ial 1587 ax-i5r 1588 ax-14 2212 ax-ext 2220 ax-sep 4244 ax-nul 4254 ax-pow 4306 ax-pr 4341 |
| This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 117 df-3or 1010 df-3an 1011 df-tru 1405 df-nf 1514 df-sb 1816 df-eu 2089 df-clab 2225 df-cleq 2231 df-clel 2234 df-nfc 2381 df-ral 2533 df-rex 2534 df-reu 2535 df-rab 2537 df-v 2823 df-sbc 3052 df-dif 3222 df-un 3224 df-in 3226 df-ss 3233 df-nul 3521 df-pw 3687 df-sn 3711 df-pr 3712 df-uni 3931 df-tr 4225 df-iord 4506 df-on 4508 df-suc 4511 df-iota 5332 df-riota 6028 |
| This theorem is referenced by: (None) |
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