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| Description: The axiom of choice
implies excluded middle. Theorem 1.3 in [Bauer]
p. 483.
The statement of the axiom of choice given here is ac2 in the Metamath
Proof Explorer (version of 3-Aug-2019). In particular, note that the
choice function Essentially the same proof can also be found at "The axiom of choice implies instances of EM", [Crosilla], p. "Set-theoretic principles incompatible with intuitionistic logic". Often referred to as Diaconescu's theorem, or Diaconescu-Goodman-Myhill theorem, after Radu Diaconescu who discovered it in 1975 in the framework of topos theory and N. D. Goodman and John Myhill in 1978 in the framework of set theory (although it already appeared as an exercise in Errett Bishop's book Foundations of Constructive Analysis from 1967). For this theorem stated using the df-ac 7464 and df-exmid 4291 syntaxes, see exmidac 7467. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Aug-2019.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| acexmid.choice |
|
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| acexmid |
|
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | nfv 1577 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
| |
| 2 | 1 | sb8eu 2092 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . 13
|
| 3 | eleq12 2296 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
| |
| 4 | 3 | ancoms 268 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
|
| 5 | 4 | 3adant3 1044 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
|
| 6 | eleq12 2296 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
| |
| 7 | 6 | 3ad2antl1 1186 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
|
| 8 | eleq12 2296 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
| |
| 9 | 8 | 3ad2antl2 1187 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
|
| 10 | 7, 9 | anbi12d 473 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
|
| 11 | simpl3 1029 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
| |
| 12 | 10, 11 | cbvrexdva2 2776 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
|
| 13 | 5, 12 | anbi12d 473 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
|
| 14 | 13 | 3com23 1236 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
|
| 15 | 14 | 3expa 1230 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
|
| 16 | 15 | sbiedv 1837 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
|
| 17 | 16 | eubidv 2087 |
. . . . . . . . . . . . 13
|
| 18 | 2, 17 | bitrid 192 |
. . . . . . . . . . . 12
|
| 19 | df-reu 2518 |
. . . . . . . . . . . 12
| |
| 20 | df-reu 2518 |
. . . . . . . . . . . 12
| |
| 21 | 18, 19, 20 | 3bitr4g 223 |
. . . . . . . . . . 11
|
| 22 | 21 | adantr 276 |
. . . . . . . . . 10
|
| 23 | simpll 527 |
. . . . . . . . . 10
| |
| 24 | 22, 23 | cbvraldva2 2775 |
. . . . . . . . 9
|
| 25 | 24 | ancoms 268 |
. . . . . . . 8
|
| 26 | 25 | adantll 476 |
. . . . . . 7
|
| 27 | simpll 527 |
. . . . . . 7
| |
| 28 | 26, 27 | cbvraldva2 2775 |
. . . . . 6
|
| 29 | 28 | cbvexdva 1978 |
. . . . 5
|
| 30 | 29 | cbvalv 1966 |
. . . 4
|
| 31 | acexmid.choice |
. . . 4
| |
| 32 | 30, 31 | mpgbir 1502 |
. . 3
|
| 33 | 32 | spi 1585 |
. 2
|
| 34 | 33 | acexmidlemv 6026 |
1
|
| Colors of variables: wff set class |
| Syntax hints: |
| This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-ia1 106 ax-ia2 107 ax-ia3 108 ax-in1 619 ax-in2 620 ax-io 717 ax-5 1496 ax-7 1497 ax-gen 1498 ax-ie1 1542 ax-ie2 1543 ax-8 1553 ax-10 1554 ax-11 1555 ax-i12 1556 ax-bndl 1558 ax-4 1559 ax-17 1575 ax-i9 1579 ax-ial 1583 ax-i5r 1584 ax-14 2205 ax-ext 2213 ax-sep 4212 ax-nul 4220 ax-pow 4270 ax-pr 4305 |
| This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 117 df-3or 1006 df-3an 1007 df-tru 1401 df-nf 1510 df-sb 1811 df-eu 2082 df-clab 2218 df-cleq 2224 df-clel 2227 df-nfc 2364 df-ral 2516 df-rex 2517 df-reu 2518 df-rab 2520 df-v 2805 df-sbc 3033 df-dif 3203 df-un 3205 df-in 3207 df-ss 3214 df-nul 3497 df-pw 3658 df-sn 3679 df-pr 3680 df-uni 3899 df-tr 4193 df-iord 4469 df-on 4471 df-suc 4474 df-iota 5293 df-riota 5981 |
| This theorem is referenced by: (None) |
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