MPE Home Metamath Proof Explorer < Previous   Next >
Nearby theorems
Mirrors  >  Home  >  MPE Home  >  Th. List  >  rlim Structured version   Visualization version   GIF version

Theorem rlim 15703
Description: Express the predicate: The limit of complex number function 𝐹 is 𝐶, or 𝐹 converges to 𝐶, in the real sense. This means that for any real 𝑥, no matter how small, there always exists a number 𝑦 such that the absolute difference of any number in the function beyond 𝑦 and the limit is less than 𝑥. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 16-Sep-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Apr-2015.)
Hypotheses
Ref Expression
rlim.1 (𝜑 → 𝐹:𝐴⟶ℂ)
rlim.2 (𝜑 → 𝐴 ⊆ ℝ)
rlim.4 ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → (𝐹‘𝑧) = 𝐵)
Assertion
Ref Expression
rlim (𝜑 → (𝐹 ⇝𝑟 𝐶 ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘(𝐵 − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))))
Distinct variable groups:   𝑧,𝐴   𝑥,𝑦,𝑧,𝐶   𝑥,𝐹,𝑦,𝑧   𝜑,𝑥,𝑦,𝑧
Allowed substitution hints:   𝐴(𝑥, 𝑦)   𝐵(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)

Proof of Theorem rlim
Dummy variables 𝑤 𝑓 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 rlimrel 15701 . . . . 5 Rel ⇝𝑟
21brrelex2i 5713 . . . 4 (𝐹 ⇝𝑟 𝐶 → 𝐶 ∈ V)
32a1i 11 . . 3 (𝜑 → (𝐹 ⇝𝑟 𝐶 → 𝐶 ∈ V))
4 elex 3475 . . . . 5 (𝐶 ∈ ℂ → 𝐶 ∈ V)
54ad2antrl 741 . . . 4 ((𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))) → 𝐶 ∈ V)
65a1i 11 . . 3 (𝜑 → ((𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))) → 𝐶 ∈ V))
7 rlim.1 . . . . 5 (𝜑 → 𝐹:𝐴⟶ℂ)
8 rlim.2 . . . . 5 (𝜑 → 𝐴 ⊆ ℝ)
9 cnex 11318 . . . . . 6 ℂ ∈ V
10 reex 11328 . . . . . 6 ℝ ∈ V
11 elpm2r 8901 . . . . . 6 (((ℂ ∈ V ∧ ℝ ∈ V) ∧ (𝐹:𝐴⟶ℂ ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ ℝ)) → 𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ))
129, 10, 11mpanl12 715 . . . . 5 ((𝐹:𝐴⟶ℂ ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ ℝ) → 𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ))
137, 8, 12syl2anc 596 . . . 4 (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ))
14 eleq1 2852 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝑓 = 𝐹 → (𝑓 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ↔ 𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ)))
15 eleq1 2852 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝑤 = 𝐶 → (𝑤 ∈ ℂ ↔ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ))
1614, 15bi2anan9 650 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → ((𝑓 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ 𝑤 ∈ ℂ) ↔ (𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ)))
17 simpl 488 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → 𝑓 = 𝐹)
1817dmeqd 5897 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → dom 𝑓 = dom 𝐹)
19 fveq1 6913 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 (𝑓 = 𝐹 → (𝑓‘𝑧) = (𝐹‘𝑧))
20 oveq12 7458 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 (((𝑓‘𝑧) = (𝐹‘𝑧) ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → ((𝑓‘𝑧) − 𝑤) = ((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶))
2119, 20sylan 592 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → ((𝑓‘𝑧) − 𝑤) = ((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶))
2221fveq2d 6918 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → (abs‘((𝑓‘𝑧) − 𝑤)) = (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)))
2322breq1d 5116 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → ((abs‘((𝑓‘𝑧) − 𝑤)) < 𝑥 ↔ (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))
2423imbi2d 343 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → ((𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝑓‘𝑧) − 𝑤)) < 𝑥) ↔ (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))
2518, 24raleqbidv 3338 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → (∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝑓(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝑓‘𝑧) − 𝑤)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))
2625rexbidv 3190 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → (∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝑓(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝑓‘𝑧) − 𝑤)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))
2726ralbidv 3189 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → (∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝑓(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝑓‘𝑧) − 𝑤)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))
2816, 27anbi12d 644 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑓 = 𝐹 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝐶) → (((𝑓 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ 𝑤 ∈ ℂ) ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝑓(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝑓‘𝑧) − 𝑤)) < 𝑥)) ↔ ((𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))))
29 df-rlim 15697 . . . . . . 7 ⇝𝑟 = {⟨𝑓, 𝑤⟩ ∣ ((𝑓 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ 𝑤 ∈ ℂ) ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝑓(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝑓‘𝑧) − 𝑤)) < 𝑥))}
3028, 29brabga 5513 . . . . . 6 ((𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ 𝐶 ∈ V) → (𝐹 ⇝𝑟 𝐶 ↔ ((𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))))
31 anass 474 . . . . . 6 (((𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)) ↔ (𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))))
3230, 31bitrdi 290 . . . . 5 ((𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ 𝐶 ∈ V) → (𝐹 ⇝𝑟 𝐶 ↔ (𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))))
3332ex 418 . . . 4 (𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) → (𝐶 ∈ V → (𝐹 ⇝𝑟 𝐶 ↔ (𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))))))
3413, 33syl 18 . . 3 (𝜑 → (𝐶 ∈ V → (𝐹 ⇝𝑟 𝐶 ↔ (𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))))))
353, 6, 34pm5.21ndd 382 . 2 (𝜑 → (𝐹 ⇝𝑟 𝐶 ↔ (𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))))
3613biantrurd 542 . 2 (𝜑 → ((𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)) ↔ (𝐹 ∈ (ℂ ↑pm ℝ) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))))
377fdmd 6748 . . . . . . 7 (𝜑 → dom 𝐹 = 𝐴)
3837raleqdv 3323 . . . . . 6 (𝜑 → (∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))
39 rlim.4 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → (𝐹‘𝑧) = 𝐵)
4039fvoveq1d 7471 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) = (abs‘(𝐵 − 𝐶)))
4140breq1d 5116 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → ((abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥 ↔ (abs‘(𝐵 − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))
4241imbi2d 343 . . . . . . 7 ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → ((𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥) ↔ (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘(𝐵 − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))
4342ralbidva 3187 . . . . . 6 (𝜑 → (∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘(𝐵 − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))
4438, 43bitrd 282 . . . . 5 (𝜑 → (∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘(𝐵 − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))
4544rexbidv 3190 . . . 4 (𝜑 → (∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘(𝐵 − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))
4645ralbidv 3189 . . 3 (𝜑 → (∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘(𝐵 − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)))
4746anbi2d 642 . 2 (𝜑 → ((𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ dom 𝐹(𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘((𝐹‘𝑧) − 𝐶)) < 𝑥)) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘(𝐵 − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))))
4835, 36, 473bitr2d 310 1 (𝜑 → (𝐹 ⇝𝑟 𝐶 ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑦 ≤ 𝑧 → (abs‘(𝐵 − 𝐶)) < 𝑥))))
Colors of variables:    wff setvar class
This proof depends on syntax axioms:   → wi 4   ↔ wb 209   ∧ wa 401   = wceq 1570   ∈ wcel 2147  ∀wral 3080  ∃wrex 3090  Vcvv 3454   ⊆ wss 3900   class class class wbr 5106  dom cdm 5656  ⟶wf 6560  ‘cfv 6564  (class class class)co 7449   ↑pm cpm 8884  ℂcc 11235  ℝcr 11236   < clt 11380   ≤ cle 11381   − cmin 11578  ℝ+crp 13158  abscabs 15442   ⇝𝑟 crli 15693
This proof depends on axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1828  ax-4 1842  ax-5 1945  ax-6 2002  ax-7 2043  ax-8 2149  ax-9 2157  ax-10 2180  ax-11 2197  ax-12 2216  ax-ext 2735  ax-sep 5253  ax-pow 5332  ax-pr 5396  ax-un 7781  ax-cnex 11293  ax-resscn 11294
This proof depends on definitions:  df-bi 210  df-an 402  df-or 862  df-3an 1105  df-tru 1573  df-fal 1583  df-ex 1813  df-nf 1817  df-sb 2102  df-mo 2567  df-eu 2597  df-clab 2742  df-cleq 2755  df-clel 2839  df-nfc 2913  df-ne 2960  df-ral 3081  df-rex 3091  df-rab 3417  df-v 3456  df-sbc 3743  df-ss 3901  df-dif 4050  df-in 4094  df-un 4154  df-nul 4282  df-if 4486  df-pw 4562  df-sn 4589  df-pr 4591  df-op 4839  df-uni 4871  df-br 5107  df-opab 5172  df-id 5551  df-xp 5662  df-rel 5663  df-cnv 5664  df-co 5665  df-dm 5666  df-rn 5667  df-iota 6518  df-fun 6566  df-fn 6567  df-f 6568  df-fv 6572  df-ov 7452  df-oprab 7453  df-mpo 7454  df-pm 8886  df-rlim 15697
This theorem is used by:  rlim2  15704  rlimcl  15711  rlimclim  15754  rlimres  15766  caurcvgr  15882
  Copyright terms: Public domain W3C validator