Theorem eulerth 12926

Description: Euler's theorem, a generalization of Fermat's little theorem. If A and N are coprime, then A ^ phi ( N ) == 1 (mod N). This is Metamath 100 proof #10. Also called Euler-Fermat theorem, see theorem 5.17 in [ApostolNT] p. 113. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Feb-2014.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
eulerth	|- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( ( A ^ ( phi ` N ) ) mod N ) = ( 1 mod N ) )

Proof of Theorem eulerth

Dummy variables f y k are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		phicl 12908	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) e. NN )
2	1	nnnn0d 9552	. . . . . . 7 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) e. NN0 )
3		hashfz1 11144	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( phi ` N ) e. NN0 -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = ( phi ` N ) )
4	2, 3	syl 14	. . . . . 6 |- ( N e. NN -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = ( phi ` N ) )
5		dfphi2 12913	. . . . . 6 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
6	4, 5	eqtrd 2265	. . . . 5 |- ( N e. NN -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
7	6	3ad2ant1 1045	. . . 4 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
8		1zzd 9603	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> 1 e. ZZ )
9	1	3ad2ant1 1045	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( phi ` N ) e. NN )
10	9	nnzd 9698	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( phi ` N ) e. ZZ )
11	8, 10	fzfigd 10792	. . . . 5 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) e. Fin )
12		id 19	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) )
13		oveq1 6056	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( k = y -> ( k gcd N ) = ( y gcd N ) )
14	13	eqeq1d 2241	. . . . . . 7 |- ( k = y -> ( ( k gcd N ) = 1 <-> ( y gcd N ) = 1 ) )
15	14	cbvrabv 2811	. . . . . 6 |- { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } = { y e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( y gcd N ) = 1 }
16	12, 15	eulerthlemfi 12921	. . . . 5 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } e. Fin )
17		hashen 11145	. . . . 5 |- ( ( ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) e. Fin /\ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } e. Fin ) -> ( (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) <-> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
18	11, 16, 17	syl2anc 411	. . . 4 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) <-> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
19	7, 18	mpbid 147	. . 3 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
20		bren 6982	. . 3 |- ( ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } <-> E. f f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
21	19, 20	sylib 122	. 2 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> E. f f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
22		simpl 109	. . 3 |- ( ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) /\ f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) -> ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) )
23		simpr 110	. . 3 |- ( ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) /\ f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) -> f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
24	22, 15, 23	eulerthlemth 12925	. 2 |- ( ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) /\ f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) -> ( ( A ^ ( phi ` N ) ) mod N ) = ( 1 mod N ) )
25	21, 24	exlimddv 1948	1 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( ( A ^ ( phi ` N ) ) mod N ) = ( 1 mod N ) )

Syntax hints:   -> wi 4   /\ wa 104   <-> wb 105   /\ w3a 1005   = wceq 1398   E.wex 1541   e. wcel 2203   {crab 2524   class class class wbr 4108   -1-1-onto->wf1o 5350   ` cfv 5351  (class class class)co 6049   ~~ cen 6972   Fincfn 6974   0cc0 8126   1c1 8127   NNcn 9236   NN0cn0 9495   ZZcz 9576   ...cfz 10341  ..^cfzo 10475   mod cmo 10683   ^cexp 10899  ♯chash 11136   gcd cgcd 12645   phicphi 12902

This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-ia1 106  ax-ia2 107  ax-ia3 108  ax-in1 619  ax-in2 620  ax-io 717  ax-5 1496  ax-7 1497  ax-gen 1498  ax-ie1 1542  ax-ie2 1543  ax-8 1553  ax-10 1554  ax-11 1555  ax-i12 1556  ax-bndl 1558  ax-4 1559  ax-17 1575  ax-i9 1579  ax-ial 1583  ax-i5r 1584  ax-13 2205  ax-14 2206  ax-ext 2214  ax-coll 4224  ax-sep 4227  ax-nul 4235  ax-pow 4286  ax-pr 4321  ax-un 4553  ax-setind 4658  ax-iinf 4709  ax-cnex 8217  ax-resscn 8218  ax-1cn 8219  ax-1re 8220  ax-icn 8221  ax-addcl 8222  ax-addrcl 8223  ax-mulcl 8224  ax-mulrcl 8225  ax-addcom 8226  ax-mulcom 8227  ax-addass 8228  ax-mulass 8229  ax-distr 8230  ax-i2m1 8231  ax-0lt1 8232  ax-1rid 8233  ax-0id 8234  ax-rnegex 8235  ax-precex 8236  ax-cnre 8237  ax-pre-ltirr 8238  ax-pre-ltwlin 8239  ax-pre-lttrn 8240  ax-pre-apti 8241  ax-pre-ltadd 8242  ax-pre-mulgt0 8243  ax-pre-mulext 8244  ax-arch 8245  ax-caucvg 8246

This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 117  df-stab 839  df-dc 843  df-3or 1006  df-3an 1007  df-tru 1401  df-fal 1404  df-nf 1510  df-sb 1812  df-eu 2083  df-mo 2084  df-clab 2219  df-cleq 2225  df-clel 2228  df-nfc 2373  df-ne 2413  df-nel 2508  df-ral 2525  df-rex 2526  df-reu 2527  df-rmo 2528  df-rab 2529  df-v 2814  df-sbc 3042  df-csb 3138  df-dif 3212  df-un 3214  df-in 3216  df-ss 3223  df-nul 3508  df-if 3620  df-pw 3670  df-sn 3694  df-pr 3695  df-op 3697  df-uni 3914  df-int 3949  df-iun 3992  df-br 4109  df-opab 4171  df-mpt 4172  df-tr 4208  df-id 4413  df-po 4416  df-iso 4417  df-iord 4486  df-on 4488  df-ilim 4489  df-suc 4491  df-iom 4712  df-xp 4754  df-rel 4755  df-cnv 4756  df-co 4757  df-dm 4758  df-rn 4759  df-res 4760  df-ima 4761  df-iota 5311  df-fun 5353  df-fn 5354  df-f 5355  df-f1 5356  df-fo 5357  df-f1o 5358  df-fv 5359  df-isom 5360  df-riota 6002  df-ov 6052  df-oprab 6053  df-mpo 6054  df-1st 6333  df-2nd 6334  df-recs 6535  df-irdg 6600  df-frec 6621  df-1o 6646  df-oadd 6650  df-er 6766  df-en 6975  df-dom 6976  df-fin 6977  df-sup 7274  df-pnf 8309  df-mnf 8310  df-xr 8311  df-ltxr 8312  df-le 8313  df-sub 8445  df-neg 8446  df-reap 8848  df-ap 8855  df-div 8946  df-inn 9237  df-2 9295  df-3 9296  df-4 9297  df-n0 9496  df-z 9577  df-uz 9853  df-q 9951  df-rp 9986  df-fz 10342  df-fzo 10476  df-fl 10629  df-mod 10684  df-seqfrec 10809  df-exp 10900  df-ihash 11137  df-cj 11523  df-re 11524  df-im 11525  df-rsqrt 11679  df-abs 11680  df-clim 11960  df-proddc 12233  df-dvds 12470  df-gcd 12646  df-phi 12904

This theorem is referenced by:  fermltl  12927  prmdiv  12928  odzcllem  12936  odzphi  12940  vfermltl  12945  lgslem1  15865