Theorem eulerth 12960

Description: Euler's theorem, a generalization of Fermat's little theorem. If A and N are coprime, then A ^ phi ( N ) == 1 (mod N). This is Metamath 100 proof #10. Also called Euler-Fermat theorem, see theorem 5.17 in [ApostolNT] p. 113. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Feb-2014.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
eulerth	|- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( ( A ^ ( phi ` N ) ) mod N ) = ( 1 mod N ) )

Proof of Theorem eulerth

Dummy variables f y k are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		phicl 12942	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) e. NN )
2	1	nnnn0d 9574	. . . . . . 7 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) e. NN0 )
3		hashfz1 11175	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( phi ` N ) e. NN0 -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = ( phi ` N ) )
4	2, 3	syl 14	. . . . . 6 |- ( N e. NN -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = ( phi ` N ) )
5		dfphi2 12947	. . . . . 6 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
6	4, 5	eqtrd 2267	. . . . 5 |- ( N e. NN -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
7	6	3ad2ant1 1045	. . . 4 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
8		1zzd 9625	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> 1 e. ZZ )
9	1	3ad2ant1 1045	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( phi ` N ) e. NN )
10	9	nnzd 9721	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( phi ` N ) e. ZZ )
11	8, 10	fzfigd 10821	. . . . 5 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) e. Fin )
12		id 19	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) )
13		oveq1 6066	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( k = y -> ( k gcd N ) = ( y gcd N ) )
14	13	eqeq1d 2243	. . . . . . 7 |- ( k = y -> ( ( k gcd N ) = 1 <-> ( y gcd N ) = 1 ) )
15	14	cbvrabv 2814	. . . . . 6 |- { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } = { y e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( y gcd N ) = 1 }
16	12, 15	eulerthlemfi 12955	. . . . 5 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } e. Fin )
17		hashen 11176	. . . . 5 |- ( ( ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) e. Fin /\ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } e. Fin ) -> ( (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) <-> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
18	11, 16, 17	syl2anc 411	. . . 4 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) <-> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
19	7, 18	mpbid 147	. . 3 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
20		bren 6997	. . 3 |- ( ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } <-> E. f f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
21	19, 20	sylib 122	. 2 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> E. f f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
22		simpl 109	. . 3 |- ( ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) /\ f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) -> ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) )
23		simpr 110	. . 3 |- ( ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) /\ f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) -> f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
24	22, 15, 23	eulerthlemth 12959	. 2 |- ( ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) /\ f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) -> ( ( A ^ ( phi ` N ) ) mod N ) = ( 1 mod N ) )
25	21, 24	exlimddv 1950	1 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( ( A ^ ( phi ` N ) ) mod N ) = ( 1 mod N ) )

Syntax hints:   -> wi 4   /\ wa 104   <-> wb 105   /\ w3a 1005   = wceq 1398   E.wex 1541   e. wcel 2205   {crab 2526   class class class wbr 4115   -1-1-onto->wf1o 5357   ` cfv 5358  (class class class)co 6059   ~~ cen 6987   Fincfn 6989   0cc0 8144   1c1 8145   NNcn 9258   NN0cn0 9517   ZZcz 9598   ...cfz 10365  ..^cfzo 10502   mod cmo 10712   ^cexp 10928  ♯chash 11167   gcd cgcd 12679   phicphi 12936

This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-ia1 106  ax-ia2 107  ax-ia3 108  ax-in1 619  ax-in2 620  ax-io 717  ax-5 1496  ax-7 1497  ax-gen 1498  ax-ie1 1542  ax-ie2 1543  ax-8 1553  ax-10 1554  ax-11 1555  ax-i12 1556  ax-bndl 1558  ax-4 1559  ax-17 1575  ax-i9 1579  ax-ial 1583  ax-i5r 1584  ax-13 2207  ax-14 2208  ax-ext 2216  ax-coll 4231  ax-sep 4234  ax-nul 4242  ax-pow 4293  ax-pr 4328  ax-un 4560  ax-setind 4665  ax-iinf 4716  ax-cnex 8235  ax-resscn 8236  ax-1cn 8237  ax-1re 8238  ax-icn 8239  ax-addcl 8240  ax-addrcl 8241  ax-mulcl 8242  ax-mulrcl 8243  ax-addcom 8244  ax-mulcom 8245  ax-addass 8246  ax-mulass 8247  ax-distr 8248  ax-i2m1 8249  ax-0lt1 8250  ax-1rid 8251  ax-0id 8252  ax-rnegex 8253  ax-precex 8254  ax-cnre 8255  ax-pre-ltirr 8256  ax-pre-ltwlin 8257  ax-pre-lttrn 8258  ax-pre-apti 8259  ax-pre-ltadd 8260  ax-pre-mulgt0 8261  ax-pre-mulext 8262  ax-arch 8263  ax-caucvg 8264

This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 117  df-stab 839  df-dc 843  df-3or 1006  df-3an 1007  df-tru 1401  df-fal 1404  df-nf 1510  df-sb 1812  df-eu 2085  df-mo 2086  df-clab 2221  df-cleq 2227  df-clel 2230  df-nfc 2375  df-ne 2415  df-nel 2510  df-ral 2527  df-rex 2528  df-reu 2529  df-rmo 2530  df-rab 2531  df-v 2817  df-sbc 3046  df-csb 3142  df-dif 3216  df-un 3218  df-in 3220  df-ss 3227  df-nul 3513  df-if 3626  df-pw 3677  df-sn 3701  df-pr 3702  df-op 3704  df-uni 3921  df-int 3956  df-iun 3999  df-br 4116  df-opab 4178  df-mpt 4179  df-tr 4215  df-id 4420  df-po 4423  df-iso 4424  df-iord 4493  df-on 4495  df-ilim 4496  df-suc 4498  df-iom 4719  df-xp 4761  df-rel 4762  df-cnv 4763  df-co 4764  df-dm 4765  df-rn 4766  df-res 4767  df-ima 4768  df-iota 5318  df-fun 5360  df-fn 5361  df-f 5362  df-f1 5363  df-fo 5364  df-f1o 5365  df-fv 5366  df-isom 5367  df-riota 6012  df-ov 6062  df-oprab 6063  df-mpo 6064  df-1st 6348  df-2nd 6349  df-recs 6550  df-irdg 6615  df-frec 6636  df-1o 6661  df-oadd 6665  df-er 6781  df-en 6990  df-dom 6991  df-fin 6992  df-sup 7289  df-pnf 8327  df-mnf 8328  df-xr 8329  df-ltxr 8330  df-le 8331  df-sub 8464  df-neg 8465  df-reap 8868  df-ap 8875  df-div 8968  df-inn 9259  df-2 9317  df-3 9318  df-4 9319  df-n0 9518  df-z 9599  df-uz 9876  df-q 9974  df-rp 10009  df-fz 10366  df-fzo 10503  df-fl 10658  df-mod 10713  df-seqfrec 10838  df-exp 10929  df-ihash 11168  df-cj 11556  df-re 11557  df-im 11558  df-rsqrt 11713  df-abs 11714  df-clim 11994  df-proddc 12267  df-dvds 12504  df-gcd 12680  df-phi 12938

This theorem is referenced by:  fermltl  12961  prmdiv  12962  odzcllem  12970  odzphi  12974  vfermltl  12979  lgslem1  16004