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Theorem eulerth 12605
Description: Euler's theorem, a generalization of Fermat's little theorem. If  A and  N are coprime, then  A ^ phi ( N )  ==  1 (mod  N). This is Metamath 100 proof #10. Also called Euler-Fermat theorem, see theorem 5.17 in [ApostolNT] p. 113. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Feb-2014.)
Assertion
Ref Expression
eulerth  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  (
( A ^ ( phi `  N ) )  mod  N )  =  ( 1  mod  N
) )

Proof of Theorem eulerth
Dummy variables  f  y  k are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 phicl 12587 . . . . . . . 8  |-  ( N  e.  NN  ->  ( phi `  N )  e.  NN )
21nnnn0d 9361 . . . . . . 7  |-  ( N  e.  NN  ->  ( phi `  N )  e. 
NN0 )
3 hashfz1 10941 . . . . . . 7  |-  ( ( phi `  N )  e.  NN0  ->  ( `  (
1 ... ( phi `  N ) ) )  =  ( phi `  N ) )
42, 3syl 14 . . . . . 6  |-  ( N  e.  NN  ->  ( `  ( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) ) )  =  ( phi `  N ) )
5 dfphi2 12592 . . . . . 6  |-  ( N  e.  NN  ->  ( phi `  N )  =  ( `  { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd 
N )  =  1 } ) )
64, 5eqtrd 2239 . . . . 5  |-  ( N  e.  NN  ->  ( `  ( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) ) )  =  ( `  {
k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 } ) )
763ad2ant1 1021 . . . 4  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  ( `  ( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) ) )  =  ( `  {
k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 } ) )
8 1zzd 9412 . . . . . 6  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  1  e.  ZZ )
913ad2ant1 1021 . . . . . . 7  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  ( phi `  N )  e.  NN )
109nnzd 9507 . . . . . 6  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  ( phi `  N )  e.  ZZ )
118, 10fzfigd 10589 . . . . 5  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  (
1 ... ( phi `  N ) )  e. 
Fin )
12 id 19 . . . . . 6  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 ) )
13 oveq1 5961 . . . . . . . 8  |-  ( k  =  y  ->  (
k  gcd  N )  =  ( y  gcd 
N ) )
1413eqeq1d 2215 . . . . . . 7  |-  ( k  =  y  ->  (
( k  gcd  N
)  =  1  <->  (
y  gcd  N )  =  1 ) )
1514cbvrabv 2772 . . . . . 6  |-  { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 }  =  {
y  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( y  gcd  N )  =  1 }
1612, 15eulerthlemfi 12600 . . . . 5  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 }  e.  Fin )
17 hashen 10942 . . . . 5  |-  ( ( ( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) )  e.  Fin  /\  {
k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 }  e.  Fin )  ->  ( ( `  ( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) ) )  =  ( `  {
k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 } )  <-> 
( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) ) 
~~  { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd 
N )  =  1 } ) )
1811, 16, 17syl2anc 411 . . . 4  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  (
( `  ( 1 ... ( phi `  N
) ) )  =  ( `  { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd 
N )  =  1 } )  <->  ( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) )  ~~  { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 } ) )
197, 18mpbid 147 . . 3  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  (
1 ... ( phi `  N ) )  ~~  { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 } )
20 bren 6845 . . 3  |-  ( ( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) )  ~~  { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 }  <->  E. f 
f : ( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 } )
2119, 20sylib 122 . 2  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  E. f 
f : ( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 } )
22 simpl 109 . . 3  |-  ( ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  /\  f : ( 1 ... ( phi `  N
) ) -1-1-onto-> { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N
)  =  1 } )  ->  ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 ) )
23 simpr 110 . . 3  |-  ( ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  /\  f : ( 1 ... ( phi `  N
) ) -1-1-onto-> { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N
)  =  1 } )  ->  f :
( 1 ... ( phi `  N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N )  =  1 } )
2422, 15, 23eulerthlemth 12604 . 2  |-  ( ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  /\  f : ( 1 ... ( phi `  N
) ) -1-1-onto-> { k  e.  ( 0..^ N )  |  ( k  gcd  N
)  =  1 } )  ->  ( ( A ^ ( phi `  N ) )  mod 
N )  =  ( 1  mod  N ) )
2521, 24exlimddv 1923 1  |-  ( ( N  e.  NN  /\  A  e.  ZZ  /\  ( A  gcd  N )  =  1 )  ->  (
( A ^ ( phi `  N ) )  mod  N )  =  ( 1  mod  N
) )
Colors of variables: wff set class
Syntax hints:    -> wi 4    /\ wa 104    <-> wb 105    /\ w3a 981    = wceq 1373   E.wex 1516    e. wcel 2177   {crab 2489   class class class wbr 4048   -1-1-onto->wf1o 5276   ` cfv 5277  (class class class)co 5954    ~~ cen 6835   Fincfn 6837   0cc0 7938   1c1 7939   NNcn 9049   NN0cn0 9308   ZZcz 9385   ...cfz 10143  ..^cfzo 10277    mod cmo 10480   ^cexp 10696  ♯chash 10933    gcd cgcd 12324   phicphi 12581
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-ia1 106  ax-ia2 107  ax-ia3 108  ax-in1 615  ax-in2 616  ax-io 711  ax-5 1471  ax-7 1472  ax-gen 1473  ax-ie1 1517  ax-ie2 1518  ax-8 1528  ax-10 1529  ax-11 1530  ax-i12 1531  ax-bndl 1533  ax-4 1534  ax-17 1550  ax-i9 1554  ax-ial 1558  ax-i5r 1559  ax-13 2179  ax-14 2180  ax-ext 2188  ax-coll 4164  ax-sep 4167  ax-nul 4175  ax-pow 4223  ax-pr 4258  ax-un 4485  ax-setind 4590  ax-iinf 4641  ax-cnex 8029  ax-resscn 8030  ax-1cn 8031  ax-1re 8032  ax-icn 8033  ax-addcl 8034  ax-addrcl 8035  ax-mulcl 8036  ax-mulrcl 8037  ax-addcom 8038  ax-mulcom 8039  ax-addass 8040  ax-mulass 8041  ax-distr 8042  ax-i2m1 8043  ax-0lt1 8044  ax-1rid 8045  ax-0id 8046  ax-rnegex 8047  ax-precex 8048  ax-cnre 8049  ax-pre-ltirr 8050  ax-pre-ltwlin 8051  ax-pre-lttrn 8052  ax-pre-apti 8053  ax-pre-ltadd 8054  ax-pre-mulgt0 8055  ax-pre-mulext 8056  ax-arch 8057  ax-caucvg 8058
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 117  df-stab 833  df-dc 837  df-3or 982  df-3an 983  df-tru 1376  df-fal 1379  df-nf 1485  df-sb 1787  df-eu 2058  df-mo 2059  df-clab 2193  df-cleq 2199  df-clel 2202  df-nfc 2338  df-ne 2378  df-nel 2473  df-ral 2490  df-rex 2491  df-reu 2492  df-rmo 2493  df-rab 2494  df-v 2775  df-sbc 3001  df-csb 3096  df-dif 3170  df-un 3172  df-in 3174  df-ss 3181  df-nul 3463  df-if 3574  df-pw 3620  df-sn 3641  df-pr 3642  df-op 3644  df-uni 3854  df-int 3889  df-iun 3932  df-br 4049  df-opab 4111  df-mpt 4112  df-tr 4148  df-id 4345  df-po 4348  df-iso 4349  df-iord 4418  df-on 4420  df-ilim 4421  df-suc 4423  df-iom 4644  df-xp 4686  df-rel 4687  df-cnv 4688  df-co 4689  df-dm 4690  df-rn 4691  df-res 4692  df-ima 4693  df-iota 5238  df-fun 5279  df-fn 5280  df-f 5281  df-f1 5282  df-fo 5283  df-f1o 5284  df-fv 5285  df-isom 5286  df-riota 5909  df-ov 5957  df-oprab 5958  df-mpo 5959  df-1st 6236  df-2nd 6237  df-recs 6401  df-irdg 6466  df-frec 6487  df-1o 6512  df-oadd 6516  df-er 6630  df-en 6838  df-dom 6839  df-fin 6840  df-sup 7098  df-pnf 8122  df-mnf 8123  df-xr 8124  df-ltxr 8125  df-le 8126  df-sub 8258  df-neg 8259  df-reap 8661  df-ap 8668  df-div 8759  df-inn 9050  df-2 9108  df-3 9109  df-4 9110  df-n0 9309  df-z 9386  df-uz 9662  df-q 9754  df-rp 9789  df-fz 10144  df-fzo 10278  df-fl 10426  df-mod 10481  df-seqfrec 10606  df-exp 10697  df-ihash 10934  df-cj 11203  df-re 11204  df-im 11205  df-rsqrt 11359  df-abs 11360  df-clim 11640  df-proddc 11912  df-dvds 12149  df-gcd 12325  df-phi 12583
This theorem is referenced by:  fermltl  12606  prmdiv  12607  odzcllem  12615  odzphi  12619  vfermltl  12624  lgslem1  15527
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