Theorem eulerth 12741

Description: Euler's theorem, a generalization of Fermat's little theorem. If A and N are coprime, then A ^ phi ( N ) == 1 (mod N). This is Metamath 100 proof #10. Also called Euler-Fermat theorem, see theorem 5.17 in [ApostolNT] p. 113. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Feb-2014.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
eulerth	|- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( ( A ^ ( phi ` N ) ) mod N ) = ( 1 mod N ) )

Proof of Theorem eulerth

Dummy variables f y k are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		phicl 12723	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) e. NN )
2	1	nnnn0d 9410	. . . . . . 7 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) e. NN0 )
3		hashfz1 10992	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( phi ` N ) e. NN0 -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = ( phi ` N ) )
4	2, 3	syl 14	. . . . . 6 |- ( N e. NN -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = ( phi ` N ) )
5		dfphi2 12728	. . . . . 6 |- ( N e. NN -> ( phi ` N ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
6	4, 5	eqtrd 2262	. . . . 5 |- ( N e. NN -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
7	6	3ad2ant1 1042	. . . 4 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
8		1zzd 9461	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> 1 e. ZZ )
9	1	3ad2ant1 1042	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( phi ` N ) e. NN )
10	9	nnzd 9556	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( phi ` N ) e. ZZ )
11	8, 10	fzfigd 10640	. . . . 5 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) e. Fin )
12		id 19	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) )
13		oveq1 6001	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( k = y -> ( k gcd N ) = ( y gcd N ) )
14	13	eqeq1d 2238	. . . . . . 7 |- ( k = y -> ( ( k gcd N ) = 1 <-> ( y gcd N ) = 1 ) )
15	14	cbvrabv 2798	. . . . . 6 |- { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } = { y e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( y gcd N ) = 1 }
16	12, 15	eulerthlemfi 12736	. . . . 5 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } e. Fin )
17		hashen 10993	. . . . 5 |- ( ( ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) e. Fin /\ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } e. Fin ) -> ( (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) <-> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
18	11, 16, 17	syl2anc 411	. . . 4 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( (♯ ` ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ) = (♯ ` { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) <-> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) )
19	7, 18	mpbid 147	. . 3 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
20		bren 6885	. . 3 |- ( ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) ~~ { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } <-> E. f f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
21	19, 20	sylib 122	. 2 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> E. f f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
22		simpl 109	. . 3 |- ( ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) /\ f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) -> ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) )
23		simpr 110	. . 3 |- ( ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) /\ f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) -> f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } )
24	22, 15, 23	eulerthlemth 12740	. 2 |- ( ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) /\ f : ( 1 ... ( phi ` N ) ) -1-1-onto-> { k e. ( 0..^ N ) | ( k gcd N ) = 1 } ) -> ( ( A ^ ( phi ` N ) ) mod N ) = ( 1 mod N ) )
25	21, 24	exlimddv 1945	1 |- ( ( N e. NN /\ A e. ZZ /\ ( A gcd N ) = 1 ) -> ( ( A ^ ( phi ` N ) ) mod N ) = ( 1 mod N ) )

Syntax hints:   -> wi 4   /\ wa 104   <-> wb 105   /\ w3a 1002   = wceq 1395   E.wex 1538   e. wcel 2200   {crab 2512   class class class wbr 4082   -1-1-onto->wf1o 5313   ` cfv 5314  (class class class)co 5994   ~~ cen 6875   Fincfn 6877   0cc0 7987   1c1 7988   NNcn 9098   NN0cn0 9357   ZZcz 9434   ...cfz 10192  ..^cfzo 10326   mod cmo 10531   ^cexp 10747  ♯chash 10984   gcd cgcd 12460   phicphi 12717

This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-ia1 106  ax-ia2 107  ax-ia3 108  ax-in1 617  ax-in2 618  ax-io 714  ax-5 1493  ax-7 1494  ax-gen 1495  ax-ie1 1539  ax-ie2 1540  ax-8 1550  ax-10 1551  ax-11 1552  ax-i12 1553  ax-bndl 1555  ax-4 1556  ax-17 1572  ax-i9 1576  ax-ial 1580  ax-i5r 1581  ax-13 2202  ax-14 2203  ax-ext 2211  ax-coll 4198  ax-sep 4201  ax-nul 4209  ax-pow 4257  ax-pr 4292  ax-un 4521  ax-setind 4626  ax-iinf 4677  ax-cnex 8078  ax-resscn 8079  ax-1cn 8080  ax-1re 8081  ax-icn 8082  ax-addcl 8083  ax-addrcl 8084  ax-mulcl 8085  ax-mulrcl 8086  ax-addcom 8087  ax-mulcom 8088  ax-addass 8089  ax-mulass 8090  ax-distr 8091  ax-i2m1 8092  ax-0lt1 8093  ax-1rid 8094  ax-0id 8095  ax-rnegex 8096  ax-precex 8097  ax-cnre 8098  ax-pre-ltirr 8099  ax-pre-ltwlin 8100  ax-pre-lttrn 8101  ax-pre-apti 8102  ax-pre-ltadd 8103  ax-pre-mulgt0 8104  ax-pre-mulext 8105  ax-arch 8106  ax-caucvg 8107

This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 117  df-stab 836  df-dc 840  df-3or 1003  df-3an 1004  df-tru 1398  df-fal 1401  df-nf 1507  df-sb 1809  df-eu 2080  df-mo 2081  df-clab 2216  df-cleq 2222  df-clel 2225  df-nfc 2361  df-ne 2401  df-nel 2496  df-ral 2513  df-rex 2514  df-reu 2515  df-rmo 2516  df-rab 2517  df-v 2801  df-sbc 3029  df-csb 3125  df-dif 3199  df-un 3201  df-in 3203  df-ss 3210  df-nul 3492  df-if 3603  df-pw 3651  df-sn 3672  df-pr 3673  df-op 3675  df-uni 3888  df-int 3923  df-iun 3966  df-br 4083  df-opab 4145  df-mpt 4146  df-tr 4182  df-id 4381  df-po 4384  df-iso 4385  df-iord 4454  df-on 4456  df-ilim 4457  df-suc 4459  df-iom 4680  df-xp 4722  df-rel 4723  df-cnv 4724  df-co 4725  df-dm 4726  df-rn 4727  df-res 4728  df-ima 4729  df-iota 5274  df-fun 5316  df-fn 5317  df-f 5318  df-f1 5319  df-fo 5320  df-f1o 5321  df-fv 5322  df-isom 5323  df-riota 5947  df-ov 5997  df-oprab 5998  df-mpo 5999  df-1st 6276  df-2nd 6277  df-recs 6441  df-irdg 6506  df-frec 6527  df-1o 6552  df-oadd 6556  df-er 6670  df-en 6878  df-dom 6879  df-fin 6880  df-sup 7139  df-pnf 8171  df-mnf 8172  df-xr 8173  df-ltxr 8174  df-le 8175  df-sub 8307  df-neg 8308  df-reap 8710  df-ap 8717  df-div 8808  df-inn 9099  df-2 9157  df-3 9158  df-4 9159  df-n0 9358  df-z 9435  df-uz 9711  df-q 9803  df-rp 9838  df-fz 10193  df-fzo 10327  df-fl 10477  df-mod 10532  df-seqfrec 10657  df-exp 10748  df-ihash 10985  df-cj 11339  df-re 11340  df-im 11341  df-rsqrt 11495  df-abs 11496  df-clim 11776  df-proddc 12048  df-dvds 12285  df-gcd 12461  df-phi 12719

This theorem is referenced by:  fermltl  12742  prmdiv  12743  odzcllem  12751  odzphi  12755  vfermltl  12760  lgslem1  15664