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Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > zorng | Structured version Visualization version GIF version |
Description: Zorn's Lemma. If the union of every chain (with respect to inclusion) in a set belongs to the set, then the set contains a maximal element. Theorem 6M of [Enderton] p. 151. This version of zorn 9917 avoids the Axiom of Choice by assuming that 𝐴 is well-orderable. (Contributed by NM, 12-Aug-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 9-May-2015.) |
Ref | Expression |
---|---|
zorng | ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
---|---|---|---|
1 | risset 3264 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 ↔ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧) | |
2 | eqimss2 4021 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∪ 𝑧 ⊆ 𝑥) | |
3 | unissb 4861 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ⊆ 𝑥 ↔ ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) | |
4 | 2, 3 | sylib 219 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
5 | vex 3495 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ 𝑥 ∈ V | |
6 | 5 | brrpss 7441 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ↔ 𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥) |
7 | 6 | orbi1i 907 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ (𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
8 | sspss 4073 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥 ↔ (𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) | |
9 | 7, 8 | bitr4i 279 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
10 | 9 | ralbii 3162 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
11 | 4, 10 | sylibr 235 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
12 | 11 | reximi 3240 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
13 | 1, 12 | sylbi 218 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
14 | 13 | imim2i 16 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → ((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) |
15 | 14 | alimi 1803 | . . 3 ⊢ (∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) |
16 | porpss 7442 | . . . 4 ⊢ [⊊] Po 𝐴 | |
17 | zorn2g 9913 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ [⊊] Po 𝐴 ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) | |
18 | 16, 17 | mp3an2 1440 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) |
19 | 15, 18 | sylan2 592 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) |
20 | vex 3495 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ 𝑦 ∈ V | |
21 | 20 | brrpss 7441 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
22 | 21 | notbii 321 | . . . 4 ⊢ (¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
23 | 22 | ralbii 3162 | . . 3 ⊢ (∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
24 | 23 | rexbii 3244 | . 2 ⊢ (∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
25 | 19, 24 | sylib 219 | 1 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
Syntax hints: ¬ wn 3 → wi 4 ∧ wa 396 ∨ wo 841 ∀wal 1526 = wceq 1528 ∈ wcel 2105 ∀wral 3135 ∃wrex 3136 ⊆ wss 3933 ⊊ wpss 3934 ∪ cuni 4830 class class class wbr 5057 Po wpo 5465 Or wor 5466 dom cdm 5548 [⊊] crpss 7437 cardccrd 9352 |
This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1787 ax-4 1801 ax-5 1902 ax-6 1961 ax-7 2006 ax-8 2107 ax-9 2115 ax-10 2136 ax-11 2151 ax-12 2167 ax-ext 2790 ax-rep 5181 ax-sep 5194 ax-nul 5201 ax-pow 5257 ax-pr 5320 ax-un 7450 |
This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 208 df-an 397 df-or 842 df-3or 1080 df-3an 1081 df-tru 1531 df-ex 1772 df-nf 1776 df-sb 2061 df-mo 2615 df-eu 2647 df-clab 2797 df-cleq 2811 df-clel 2890 df-nfc 2960 df-ne 3014 df-ral 3140 df-rex 3141 df-reu 3142 df-rmo 3143 df-rab 3144 df-v 3494 df-sbc 3770 df-csb 3881 df-dif 3936 df-un 3938 df-in 3940 df-ss 3949 df-pss 3951 df-nul 4289 df-if 4464 df-pw 4537 df-sn 4558 df-pr 4560 df-tp 4562 df-op 4564 df-uni 4831 df-int 4868 df-iun 4912 df-br 5058 df-opab 5120 df-mpt 5138 df-tr 5164 df-id 5453 df-eprel 5458 df-po 5467 df-so 5468 df-fr 5507 df-se 5508 df-we 5509 df-xp 5554 df-rel 5555 df-cnv 5556 df-co 5557 df-dm 5558 df-rn 5559 df-res 5560 df-ima 5561 df-pred 6141 df-ord 6187 df-on 6188 df-suc 6190 df-iota 6307 df-fun 6350 df-fn 6351 df-f 6352 df-f1 6353 df-fo 6354 df-f1o 6355 df-fv 6356 df-isom 6357 df-riota 7103 df-rpss 7438 df-wrecs 7936 df-recs 7997 df-en 8498 df-card 9356 |
This theorem is referenced by: zornn0g 9915 zorn 9917 |
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