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Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > zorng | Structured version Visualization version GIF version |
Description: Zorn's Lemma. If the union of every chain (with respect to inclusion) in a set belongs to the set, then the set contains a maximal element. Theorem 6M of [Enderton] p. 151. This version of zorn 10444 avoids the Axiom of Choice by assuming that 𝐴 is well-orderable. (Contributed by NM, 12-Aug-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 9-May-2015.) |
Ref | Expression |
---|---|
zorng | ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
---|---|---|---|
1 | risset 3222 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 ↔ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧) | |
2 | eqimss2 4002 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∪ 𝑧 ⊆ 𝑥) | |
3 | unissb 4901 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ⊆ 𝑥 ↔ ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) | |
4 | 2, 3 | sylib 217 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
5 | vex 3450 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ 𝑥 ∈ V | |
6 | 5 | brrpss 7664 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ↔ 𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥) |
7 | 6 | orbi1i 913 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ (𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
8 | sspss 4060 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥 ↔ (𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) | |
9 | 7, 8 | bitr4i 278 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
10 | 9 | ralbii 3097 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
11 | 4, 10 | sylibr 233 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
12 | 11 | reximi 3088 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
13 | 1, 12 | sylbi 216 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
14 | 13 | imim2i 16 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → ((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) |
15 | 14 | alimi 1814 | . . 3 ⊢ (∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) |
16 | porpss 7665 | . . . 4 ⊢ [⊊] Po 𝐴 | |
17 | zorn2g 10440 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ [⊊] Po 𝐴 ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) | |
18 | 16, 17 | mp3an2 1450 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) |
19 | 15, 18 | sylan2 594 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) |
20 | vex 3450 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ 𝑦 ∈ V | |
21 | 20 | brrpss 7664 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
22 | 21 | notbii 320 | . . . 4 ⊢ (¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
23 | 22 | ralbii 3097 | . . 3 ⊢ (∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
24 | 23 | rexbii 3098 | . 2 ⊢ (∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
25 | 19, 24 | sylib 217 | 1 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
Syntax hints: ¬ wn 3 → wi 4 ∧ wa 397 ∨ wo 846 ∀wal 1540 = wceq 1542 ∈ wcel 2107 ∀wral 3065 ∃wrex 3074 ⊆ wss 3911 ⊊ wpss 3912 ∪ cuni 4866 class class class wbr 5106 Po wpo 5544 Or wor 5545 dom cdm 5634 [⊊] crpss 7660 cardccrd 9872 |
This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1798 ax-4 1812 ax-5 1914 ax-6 1972 ax-7 2012 ax-8 2109 ax-9 2117 ax-10 2138 ax-11 2155 ax-12 2172 ax-ext 2708 ax-rep 5243 ax-sep 5257 ax-nul 5264 ax-pow 5321 ax-pr 5385 ax-un 7673 |
This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 206 df-an 398 df-or 847 df-3or 1089 df-3an 1090 df-tru 1545 df-fal 1555 df-ex 1783 df-nf 1787 df-sb 2069 df-mo 2539 df-eu 2568 df-clab 2715 df-cleq 2729 df-clel 2815 df-nfc 2890 df-ne 2945 df-ral 3066 df-rex 3075 df-rmo 3354 df-reu 3355 df-rab 3409 df-v 3448 df-sbc 3741 df-csb 3857 df-dif 3914 df-un 3916 df-in 3918 df-ss 3928 df-pss 3930 df-nul 4284 df-if 4488 df-pw 4563 df-sn 4588 df-pr 4590 df-op 4594 df-uni 4867 df-int 4909 df-iun 4957 df-br 5107 df-opab 5169 df-mpt 5190 df-tr 5224 df-id 5532 df-eprel 5538 df-po 5546 df-so 5547 df-fr 5589 df-se 5590 df-we 5591 df-xp 5640 df-rel 5641 df-cnv 5642 df-co 5643 df-dm 5644 df-rn 5645 df-res 5646 df-ima 5647 df-pred 6254 df-ord 6321 df-on 6322 df-suc 6324 df-iota 6449 df-fun 6499 df-fn 6500 df-f 6501 df-f1 6502 df-fo 6503 df-f1o 6504 df-fv 6505 df-isom 6506 df-riota 7314 df-ov 7361 df-rpss 7661 df-2nd 7923 df-frecs 8213 df-wrecs 8244 df-recs 8318 df-en 8885 df-card 9876 |
This theorem is referenced by: zornn0g 10442 zorn 10444 |
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