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Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > zorng | Structured version Visualization version GIF version |
Description: Zorn's Lemma. If the union of every chain (with respect to inclusion) in a set belongs to the set, then the set contains a maximal element. Theorem 6M of [Enderton] p. 151. This version of zorn 10532 avoids the Axiom of Choice by assuming that 𝐴 is well-orderable. (Contributed by NM, 12-Aug-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 9-May-2015.) |
Ref | Expression |
---|---|
zorng | ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
---|---|---|---|
1 | risset 3220 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 ↔ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧) | |
2 | eqimss2 4036 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∪ 𝑧 ⊆ 𝑥) | |
3 | unissb 4943 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ⊆ 𝑥 ↔ ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) | |
4 | 2, 3 | sylib 217 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
5 | vex 3465 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ 𝑥 ∈ V | |
6 | 5 | brrpss 7732 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ↔ 𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥) |
7 | 6 | orbi1i 911 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ (𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
8 | sspss 4095 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥 ↔ (𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) | |
9 | 7, 8 | bitr4i 277 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
10 | 9 | ralbii 3082 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
11 | 4, 10 | sylibr 233 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
12 | 11 | reximi 3073 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
13 | 1, 12 | sylbi 216 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
14 | 13 | imim2i 16 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → ((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) |
15 | 14 | alimi 1805 | . . 3 ⊢ (∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) |
16 | porpss 7733 | . . . 4 ⊢ [⊊] Po 𝐴 | |
17 | zorn2g 10528 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ [⊊] Po 𝐴 ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) | |
18 | 16, 17 | mp3an2 1445 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) |
19 | 15, 18 | sylan2 591 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) |
20 | vex 3465 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ 𝑦 ∈ V | |
21 | 20 | brrpss 7732 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
22 | 21 | notbii 319 | . . . 4 ⊢ (¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
23 | 22 | ralbii 3082 | . . 3 ⊢ (∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
24 | 23 | rexbii 3083 | . 2 ⊢ (∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
25 | 19, 24 | sylib 217 | 1 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
Syntax hints: ¬ wn 3 → wi 4 ∧ wa 394 ∨ wo 845 ∀wal 1531 = wceq 1533 ∈ wcel 2098 ∀wral 3050 ∃wrex 3059 ⊆ wss 3944 ⊊ wpss 3945 ∪ cuni 4909 class class class wbr 5149 Po wpo 5588 Or wor 5589 dom cdm 5678 [⊊] crpss 7728 cardccrd 9960 |
This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1789 ax-4 1803 ax-5 1905 ax-6 1963 ax-7 2003 ax-8 2100 ax-9 2108 ax-10 2129 ax-11 2146 ax-12 2166 ax-ext 2696 ax-rep 5286 ax-sep 5300 ax-nul 5307 ax-pow 5365 ax-pr 5429 ax-un 7741 |
This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 206 df-an 395 df-or 846 df-3or 1085 df-3an 1086 df-tru 1536 df-fal 1546 df-ex 1774 df-nf 1778 df-sb 2060 df-mo 2528 df-eu 2557 df-clab 2703 df-cleq 2717 df-clel 2802 df-nfc 2877 df-ne 2930 df-ral 3051 df-rex 3060 df-rmo 3363 df-reu 3364 df-rab 3419 df-v 3463 df-sbc 3774 df-csb 3890 df-dif 3947 df-un 3949 df-in 3951 df-ss 3961 df-pss 3964 df-nul 4323 df-if 4531 df-pw 4606 df-sn 4631 df-pr 4633 df-op 4637 df-uni 4910 df-int 4951 df-iun 4999 df-br 5150 df-opab 5212 df-mpt 5233 df-tr 5267 df-id 5576 df-eprel 5582 df-po 5590 df-so 5591 df-fr 5633 df-se 5634 df-we 5635 df-xp 5684 df-rel 5685 df-cnv 5686 df-co 5687 df-dm 5688 df-rn 5689 df-res 5690 df-ima 5691 df-pred 6307 df-ord 6374 df-on 6375 df-suc 6377 df-iota 6501 df-fun 6551 df-fn 6552 df-f 6553 df-f1 6554 df-fo 6555 df-f1o 6556 df-fv 6557 df-isom 6558 df-riota 7375 df-ov 7422 df-rpss 7729 df-2nd 7995 df-frecs 8287 df-wrecs 8318 df-recs 8392 df-en 8965 df-card 9964 |
This theorem is referenced by: zornn0g 10530 zorn 10532 |
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