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| Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > zorng | Structured version Visualization version GIF version | ||
| Description: Zorn's Lemma. If the union of every chain (with respect to inclusion) in a set belongs to the set, then the set contains a maximal element. Theorem 6M of [Enderton] p. 151. This version of zorn 10588 avoids the Axiom of Choice by assuming that 𝐴 is well-orderable. (Contributed by NM, 12-Aug-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 9-May-2015.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| zorng | ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | risset 3237 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 ↔ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧) | |
| 2 | eqimss2 3967 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∪ 𝑧 ⊆ 𝑥) | |
| 3 | unissb 4900 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ⊆ 𝑥 ↔ ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) | |
| 4 | 2, 3 | sylib 221 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
| 5 | vex 3454 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ 𝑥 ∈ V | |
| 6 | 5 | brrpss 7742 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ↔ 𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥) |
| 7 | 6 | orbi1i 927 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ (𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
| 8 | sspss 4029 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥 ↔ (𝑢 ⊊ 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) | |
| 9 | 7, 8 | bitr4i 281 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
| 10 | 9 | ralbii 3108 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥) ↔ ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 𝑢 ⊆ 𝑥) |
| 11 | 4, 10 | sylibr 237 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
| 12 | 11 | reximi 3100 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = ∪ 𝑧 → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
| 13 | 1, 12 | sylbi 220 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥)) |
| 14 | 13 | imim2i 17 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → ((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) |
| 15 | 14 | alimi 1843 | . . 3 ⊢ (∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴) → ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) |
| 16 | porpss 7743 | . . . 4 ⊢ [⊊] Po 𝐴 | |
| 17 | zorn2g 10584 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ [⊊] Po 𝐴 ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) | |
| 18 | 16, 17 | mp3an2 1478 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑢 [⊊] 𝑥 ∨ 𝑢 = 𝑥))) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) |
| 19 | 15, 18 | sylan2 605 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦) |
| 20 | vex 3454 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ 𝑦 ∈ V | |
| 21 | 20 | brrpss 7742 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
| 22 | 21 | notbii 323 | . . . 4 ⊢ (¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
| 23 | 22 | ralbii 3108 | . . 3 ⊢ (∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
| 24 | 23 | rexbii 3109 | . 2 ⊢ (∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 [⊊] 𝑦 ↔ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
| 25 | 19, 24 | sylib 221 | 1 ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ dom card ∧ ∀𝑧((𝑧 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ [⊊] Or 𝑧) → ∪ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴)) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 ⊊ 𝑦) |
| Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
| This proof depends on syntax axioms: ¬ wn 3 → wi 4 ∧ wa 401 ∨ wo 861 ∀wal 1567 = wceq 1569 ∈ wcel 2144 ∀wral 3076 ∃wrex 3086 ⊆ wss 3895 ⊊ wpss 4013 ∪ cuni 4866 class class class wbr 5102 Po wpo 5556 Or wor 5557 dom cdm 5650 [⊊] crpss 7738 cardccrd 10019 |
| This proof depends on axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1827 ax-4 1841 ax-5 1942 ax-6 1999 ax-7 2040 ax-8 2146 ax-9 2154 ax-10 2177 ax-11 2193 ax-12 2212 ax-ext 2732 ax-rep 5231 ax-sep 5248 ax-nul 5259 ax-pow 5326 ax-pr 5390 ax-un 7751 |
| This proof depends on definitions: df-bi 210 df-an 402 df-or 862 df-3or 1104 df-3an 1105 df-tru 1572 df-fal 1582 df-ex 1812 df-nf 1816 df-sb 2099 df-mo 2564 df-eu 2594 df-clab 2739 df-cleq 2752 df-clel 2835 df-nfc 2909 df-ne 2956 df-ral 3077 df-rex 3087 df-rmo 3365 df-reu 3366 df-rab 3413 df-v 3452 df-sbc 3739 df-csb 3847 df-ss 3896 df-pss 4014 df-dif 4047 df-in 4091 df-un 4151 df-nul 4279 df-if 4482 df-pw 4558 df-sn 4585 df-pr 4587 df-op 4835 df-uni 4867 df-int 4907 df-iun 4952 df-br 5103 df-opab 5167 df-mpt 5186 df-tr 5212 df-id 5545 df-eprel 5550 df-po 5558 df-so 5559 df-fr 5603 df-se 5604 df-we 5605 df-xp 5656 df-rel 5657 df-cnv 5658 df-co 5659 df-dm 5660 df-rn 5661 df-res 5662 df-ima 5663 df-pred 6304 df-ord 6365 df-on 6366 df-suc 6368 df-iota 6494 df-fun 6540 df-fn 6541 df-f 6542 df-f1 6543 df-fo 6544 df-f1o 6545 df-fv 6546 df-isom 6547 df-riota 7377 df-ov 7423 df-rpss 7739 df-2nd 8002 df-frecs 8302 df-wrecs 8333 df-recs 8382 df-en 8977 df-card 10023 |
| This theorem is used by: zornn0g 10586 zorn 10588 |
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