Theorem fin23 9842

Description: Every II-finite set (every chain of subsets has a maximal element) is III-finite (has no denumerable collection of subsets). The proof here is the only one I could find, from http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/fm/fm6/fm619.pdf p.94 (writeup by Tarski, credited to Kuratowski). Translated into English and modern notation, the proof proceeds as follows (variables renamed for uniqueness):

Suppose for a contradiction that 𝐴 is a set which is II-finite but not III-finite.

For any countable sequence of distinct subsets 𝑇 of 𝐴, we can form a decreasing sequence of nonempty subsets (𝑈‘𝑇) by taking finite intersections of initial segments of 𝑇 while skipping over any element of 𝑇 which would cause the intersection to be empty.

By II-finiteness (as fin2i2 9771) this sequence contains its intersection, call it 𝑌; since by induction every subset in the sequence 𝑈 is nonempty, the intersection must be nonempty.

Suppose that an element 𝑋 of 𝑇 has nonempty intersection with 𝑌. Thus, said element has a nonempty intersection with the corresponding element of 𝑈, therefore it was used in the construction of 𝑈 and all further elements of 𝑈 are subsets of 𝑋, thus 𝑋 contains the 𝑌. That is, all elements of 𝑋 either contain 𝑌 or are disjoint from it.

Since there are only two cases, there must exist an infinite subset of 𝑇 which uniformly either contain 𝑌 or are disjoint from it. In the former case we can create an infinite set by subtracting 𝑌 from each element. In either case, call the result 𝑍; this is an infinite set of subsets of 𝐴, each of which is disjoint from 𝑌 and contained in the union of 𝑇; the union of 𝑍 is strictly contained in the union of 𝑇, because only the latter is a superset of the nonempty set 𝑌.

The preceding four steps may be iterated a countable number of times starting from the assumed denumerable set of subsets to produce a denumerable sequence 𝐵 of the 𝑇 sets from each stage. Great caution is required to avoid ax-dc 9899 here; in particular an effective version of the pigeonhole principle (for aleph-null pigeons and 2 holes) is required. Since a denumerable set of subsets is assumed to exist, we can conclude ω ∈ V without the axiom.

This 𝐵 sequence is strictly decreasing, thus it has no minimum, contradicting the first assumption. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 2-Nov-2014.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 17-May-2015.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
fin23	⊢ (𝐴 ∈ FinII → 𝐴 ∈ FinIII)

Proof of Theorem fin23

Dummy variables 𝑎 𝑔 𝑥 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		isf33lem 9819	. 2 ⊢ FinIII = {𝑔 ∣ ∀𝑎 ∈ (𝒫 𝑔 ↑m ω)(∀𝑥 ∈ ω (𝑎‘suc 𝑥) ⊆ (𝑎‘𝑥) → ∩ ran 𝑎 ∈ ran 𝑎)}
2	1	fin23lem40 9804	1 ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ FinII → 𝐴 ∈ FinIII)

Syntax hints:   → wi 4   ∈ wcel 2112  Fin^IIcfin2 9732  Fin^IIIcfin3 9734

This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1798  ax-4 1812  ax-5 1912  ax-6 1971  ax-7 2016  ax-8 2114  ax-9 2122  ax-10 2143  ax-11 2159  ax-12 2176  ax-ext 2730  ax-rep 5157  ax-sep 5170  ax-nul 5177  ax-pow 5235  ax-pr 5299  ax-un 7460

This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 210  df-an 401  df-or 846  df-3or 1086  df-3an 1087  df-tru 1542  df-fal 1552  df-ex 1783  df-nf 1787  df-sb 2071  df-mo 2558  df-eu 2589  df-clab 2737  df-cleq 2751  df-clel 2831  df-nfc 2902  df-ne 2953  df-ral 3076  df-rex 3077  df-reu 3078  df-rmo 3079  df-rab 3080  df-v 3412  df-sbc 3698  df-csb 3807  df-dif 3862  df-un 3864  df-in 3866  df-ss 3876  df-pss 3878  df-nul 4227  df-if 4422  df-pw 4497  df-sn 4524  df-pr 4526  df-tp 4528  df-op 4530  df-uni 4800  df-int 4840  df-iun 4886  df-br 5034  df-opab 5096  df-mpt 5114  df-tr 5140  df-id 5431  df-eprel 5436  df-po 5444  df-so 5445  df-fr 5484  df-se 5485  df-we 5486  df-xp 5531  df-rel 5532  df-cnv 5533  df-co 5534  df-dm 5535  df-rn 5536  df-res 5537  df-ima 5538  df-pred 6127  df-ord 6173  df-on 6174  df-lim 6175  df-suc 6176  df-iota 6295  df-fun 6338  df-fn 6339  df-f 6340  df-f1 6341  df-fo 6342  df-f1o 6343  df-fv 6344  df-isom 6345  df-riota 7109  df-ov 7154  df-oprab 7155  df-mpo 7156  df-rpss 7448  df-om 7581  df-1st 7694  df-2nd 7695  df-wrecs 7958  df-recs 8019  df-rdg 8057  df-seqom 8095  df-1o 8113  df-oadd 8117  df-er 8300  df-map 8419  df-en 8529  df-dom 8530  df-sdom 8531  df-fin 8532  df-wdom 9055  df-card 9394  df-fin2 9739  df-fin4 9740  df-fin3 9741

This theorem is referenced by:  fin1a2s  9867  finngch  10108  fin2so  35317