Theorem fin23 10439

Description: Every II-finite set (every chain of subsets has a maximal element) is III-finite (has no denumerable collection of subsets). The proof here is the only one I could find, from http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/fm/fm6/fm619.pdf p.94 (writeup by Tarski, credited to Kuratowski). Translated into English and modern notation, the proof proceeds as follows (variables renamed for uniqueness):

Suppose for a contradiction that 𝐴 is a set which is II-finite but not III-finite.

For any countable sequence of distinct subsets 𝑇 of 𝐴, we can form a decreasing sequence of nonempty subsets (𝑈‘𝑇) by taking finite intersections of initial segments of 𝑇 while skipping over any element of 𝑇 which would cause the intersection to be empty.

By II-finiteness (as fin2i2 10368) this sequence contains its intersection, call it 𝑌; since by induction every subset in the sequence 𝑈 is nonempty, the intersection must be nonempty.

Suppose that an element 𝑋 of 𝑇 has nonempty intersection with 𝑌. Thus, said element has a nonempty intersection with the corresponding element of 𝑈, therefore it was used in the construction of 𝑈 and all further elements of 𝑈 are subsets of 𝑋, thus 𝑋 contains the 𝑌. That is, all elements of 𝑋 either contain 𝑌 or are disjoint from it.

Since there are only two cases, there must exist an infinite subset of 𝑇 which uniformly either contain 𝑌 or are disjoint from it. In the former case we can create an infinite set by subtracting 𝑌 from each element. In either case, call the result 𝑍; this is an infinite set of subsets of 𝐴, each of which is disjoint from 𝑌 and contained in the union of 𝑇; the union of 𝑍 is strictly contained in the union of 𝑇, because only the latter is a superset of the nonempty set 𝑌.

The preceding four steps may be iterated a countable number of times starting from the assumed denumerable set of subsets to produce a denumerable sequence 𝐵 of the 𝑇 sets from each stage. Great caution is required to avoid ax-dc 10496 here; in particular an effective version of the pigeonhole principle (for aleph-null pigeons and 2 holes) is required. Since a denumerable set of subsets is assumed to exist, we can conclude ω ∈ V without the axiom.

This 𝐵 sequence is strictly decreasing, thus it has no minimum, contradicting the first assumption. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 2-Nov-2014.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 17-May-2015.)

Assertion

Ref	Expression
fin23	⊢ (𝐴 ∈ FinII → 𝐴 ∈ FinIII)

Proof of Theorem fin23

Dummy variables 𝑎 𝑔 𝑥 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		isf33lem 10416	. 2 ⊢ FinIII = {𝑔 ∣ ∀𝑎 ∈ (𝒫 𝑔 ↑m ω)(∀𝑥 ∈ ω (𝑎‘suc 𝑥) ⊆ (𝑎‘𝑥) → ∩ ran 𝑎 ∈ ran 𝑎)}
2	1	fin23lem40 10401	1 ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ FinII → 𝐴 ∈ FinIII)

Syntax hints:   → wi 4   ∈ wcel 2100  Fin^IIcfin2 10329  Fin^IIIcfin3 10331

This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1790  ax-4 1804  ax-5 1906  ax-6 1964  ax-7 2004  ax-8 2102  ax-9 2110  ax-10 2133  ax-11 2150  ax-12 2170  ax-ext 2700  ax-rep 5293  ax-sep 5307  ax-nul 5314  ax-pow 5373  ax-pr 5437  ax-un 7751

This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 206  df-an 395  df-or 846  df-3or 1085  df-3an 1086  df-tru 1537  df-fal 1547  df-ex 1775  df-nf 1779  df-sb 2062  df-mo 2532  df-eu 2561  df-clab 2707  df-cleq 2721  df-clel 2806  df-nfc 2881  df-ne 2934  df-ral 3055  df-rex 3064  df-rmo 3373  df-reu 3374  df-rab 3429  df-v 3474  df-sbc 3789  df-csb 3905  df-dif 3962  df-un 3964  df-in 3966  df-ss 3976  df-pss 3979  df-nul 4336  df-if 4537  df-pw 4612  df-sn 4637  df-pr 4639  df-op 4643  df-uni 4919  df-int 4960  df-iun 5008  df-br 5157  df-opab 5219  df-mpt 5240  df-tr 5274  df-id 5584  df-eprel 5590  df-po 5598  df-so 5599  df-fr 5641  df-se 5642  df-we 5643  df-xp 5692  df-rel 5693  df-cnv 5694  df-co 5695  df-dm 5696  df-rn 5697  df-res 5698  df-ima 5699  df-pred 6317  df-ord 6383  df-on 6384  df-lim 6385  df-suc 6386  df-iota 6510  df-fun 6560  df-fn 6561  df-f 6562  df-f1 6563  df-fo 6564  df-f1o 6565  df-fv 6566  df-isom 6567  df-riota 7386  df-ov 7433  df-oprab 7434  df-mpo 7435  df-rpss 7739  df-om 7885  df-1st 8011  df-2nd 8012  df-frecs 8304  df-wrecs 8335  df-recs 8409  df-rdg 8448  df-seqom 8486  df-1o 8504  df-er 8742  df-map 8865  df-en 8983  df-dom 8984  df-sdom 8985  df-fin 8986  df-wdom 9615  df-card 9989  df-fin2 10336  df-fin4 10337  df-fin3 10338

This theorem is referenced by:  fin1a2s  10464  finngch  10705  fin2so  37355