Theorem geolim2 10969

Description: The partial sums in the geometric series A ^ M + A ^ ( M + 1 )... converge to ( ( A ^ M ) / ( 1 - A ) ). (Contributed by NM, 6-Jun-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2014.)

Hypotheses

Ref	Expression
geolim.1	|- ( ph -> A e. CC )
geolim.2	|- ( ph -> ( abs ` A ) < 1 )
geolim2.3	|- ( ph -> M e. NN0 )
geolim2.4	|- ( ( ph /\ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> ( F ` k ) = ( A ^ k ) )

Assertion

Ref	Expression
geolim2	|- ( ph -> seq M ( + , F ) ~~> ( ( A ^ M ) / ( 1 - A ) ) )

Distinct variable groups:   A, k   k, F   k, M   ph, k

Proof of Theorem geolim2

Dummy variables j n x y are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.

Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		eqid 2089	. . 3 |- ( ZZ>= ` M ) = ( ZZ>= ` M )
2		geolim2.3	. . . 4 |- ( ph -> M e. NN0 )
3	2	nn0zd 8929	. . 3 |- ( ph -> M e. ZZ )
4		geolim2.4	. . 3 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> ( F ` k ) = ( A ^ k ) )
5		geolim.1	. . . . 5 |- ( ph -> A e. CC )
6	5	adantr 271	. . . 4 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> A e. CC )
7		eluznn0 9149	. . . . 5 |- ( ( M e. NN0 /\ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> k e. NN0 )
8	2, 7	sylan 278	. . . 4 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> k e. NN0 )
9	6, 8	expcld 10149	. . 3 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> ( A ^ k ) e. CC )
10		eluzelz 9091	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) -> x e. ZZ )
11	10	adantl 272	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> x e. ZZ )
12		0red 7552	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> 0 e. RR )
13	3	adantr 271	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> M e. ZZ )
14	13	zred 8931	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> M e. RR )
15	11	zred 8931	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> x e. RR )
16	2	nn0ge0d 8792	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( ph -> 0 <_ M )
17	16	adantr 271	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> 0 <_ M )
18		eluzle 9094	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) -> M <_ x )
19	18	adantl 272	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> M <_ x )
20	12, 14, 15, 17, 19	letrd 7670	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> 0 <_ x )
21		elnn0z 8826	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( x e. NN0 <-> ( x e. ZZ /\ 0 <_ x ) )
22	11, 20, 21	sylanbrc 409	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> x e. NN0 )
23	5	adantr 271	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> A e. CC )
24	23, 22	expcld 10149	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> ( A ^ x ) e. CC )
25		oveq2 5676	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( n = x -> ( A ^ n ) = ( A ^ x ) )
26		eqid 2089	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) = ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) )
27	25, 26	fvmptg 5395	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( x e. NN0 /\ ( A ^ x ) e. CC ) -> ( ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ` x ) = ( A ^ x ) )
28	22, 24, 27	syl2anc 404	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> ( ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ` x ) = ( A ^ x ) )
29	28, 24	eqeltrd 2165	. . . . 5 |- ( ( ph /\ x e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> ( ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ` x ) e. CC )
30		oveq2 5676	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( n = k -> ( A ^ n ) = ( A ^ k ) )
31	30, 26	fvmptg 5395	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( k e. NN0 /\ ( A ^ k ) e. CC ) -> ( ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ` k ) = ( A ^ k ) )
32	8, 9, 31	syl2anc 404	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> ( ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ` k ) = ( A ^ k ) )
33	32, 4	eqtr4d 2124	. . . . 5 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ) -> ( ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ` k ) = ( F ` k ) )
34		addcl 7530	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( x e. CC /\ y e. CC ) -> ( x + y ) e. CC )
35	34	adantl 272	. . . . 5 |- ( ( ph /\ ( x e. CC /\ y e. CC ) ) -> ( x + y ) e. CC )
36	3, 29, 33, 35	seq3feq 9960	. . . 4 |- ( ph -> seq M ( + , ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ) = seq M ( + , F ) )
37		seqex 9920	. . . . . 6 |- seq 0 ( + , ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ) e. _V
38		ax-1cn 7501	. . . . . . . 8 |- 1 e. CC
39		subcl 7744	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( 1 e. CC /\ A e. CC ) -> ( 1 - A ) e. CC )
40	38, 5, 39	sylancr 406	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ph -> ( 1 - A ) e. CC )
41		1cnd 7567	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ph -> 1 e. CC )
42		1red 7566	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( ph -> 1 e. RR )
43		geolim.2	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( ph -> ( abs ` A ) < 1 )
44	5, 42, 43	absltap 10966	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ph -> A # 1 )
45		apsym 8146	. . . . . . . . . 10 |- ( ( A e. CC /\ 1 e. CC ) -> ( A # 1 <-> 1 # A ) )
46	5, 41, 45	syl2anc 404	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ph -> ( A # 1 <-> 1 # A ) )
47	44, 46	mpbid 146	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ph -> 1 # A )
48	41, 5, 47	subap0d 8182	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ph -> ( 1 - A ) # 0 )
49	40, 48	recclapd 8311	. . . . . 6 |- ( ph -> ( 1 / ( 1 - A ) ) e. CC )
50		simpr 109	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( ph /\ j e. NN0 ) -> j e. NN0 )
51	5	adantr 271	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( ph /\ j e. NN0 ) -> A e. CC )
52	51, 50	expcld 10149	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( ph /\ j e. NN0 ) -> ( A ^ j ) e. CC )
53		oveq2 5676	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( n = j -> ( A ^ n ) = ( A ^ j ) )
54	53, 26	fvmptg 5395	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( j e. NN0 /\ ( A ^ j ) e. CC ) -> ( ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ` j ) = ( A ^ j ) )
55	50, 52, 54	syl2anc 404	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( ph /\ j e. NN0 ) -> ( ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ` j ) = ( A ^ j ) )
56	5, 43, 55	geolim 10968	. . . . . 6 |- ( ph -> seq 0 ( + , ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ) ~~> ( 1 / ( 1 - A ) ) )
57		breldmg 4657	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( seq 0 ( + , ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ) e. _V /\ ( 1 / ( 1 - A ) ) e. CC /\ seq 0 ( + , ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ) ~~> ( 1 / ( 1 - A ) ) ) -> seq 0 ( + , ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ) e. dom ~~> )
58	37, 49, 56, 57	mp3an2i 1279	. . . . 5 |- ( ph -> seq 0 ( + , ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ) e. dom ~~> )
59		nn0uz 9116	. . . . . 6 |- NN0 = ( ZZ>= ` 0 )
60		expcl 10036	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( A e. CC /\ j e. NN0 ) -> ( A ^ j ) e. CC )
61	5, 60	sylan 278	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( ph /\ j e. NN0 ) -> ( A ^ j ) e. CC )
62	55, 61	eqeltrd 2165	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( ph /\ j e. NN0 ) -> ( ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ` j ) e. CC )
63	59, 2, 62	iserex 10790	. . . . 5 |- ( ph -> ( seq 0 ( + , ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ) e. dom ~~> <-> seq M ( + , ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ) e. dom ~~> ) )
64	58, 63	mpbid 146	. . . 4 |- ( ph -> seq M ( + , ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ) e. dom ~~> )
65	36, 64	eqeltrrd 2166	. . 3 |- ( ph -> seq M ( + , F ) e. dom ~~> )
66	1, 3, 4, 9, 65	isumclim2 10879	. 2 |- ( ph -> seq M ( + , F ) ~~> sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) )
67		simpr 109	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. NN0 ) -> k e. NN0 )
68	5	adantr 271	. . . . . . . . 9 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. NN0 ) -> A e. CC )
69	68, 67	expcld 10149	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. NN0 ) -> ( A ^ k ) e. CC )
70	67, 69, 31	syl2anc 404	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. NN0 ) -> ( ( n e. NN0 |-> ( A ^ n ) ) ` k ) = ( A ^ k ) )
71		expcl 10036	. . . . . . . 8 |- ( ( A e. CC /\ k e. NN0 ) -> ( A ^ k ) e. CC )
72	5, 71	sylan 278	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ( ph /\ k e. NN0 ) -> ( A ^ k ) e. CC )
73	59, 1, 2, 70, 72, 58	isumsplit 10948	. . . . . 6 |- ( ph -> sum_ k e. NN0 ( A ^ k ) = ( sum_ k e. ( 0 ... ( M - 1 ) ) ( A ^ k ) + sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) ) )
74		0zd 8825	. . . . . . 7 |- ( ph -> 0 e. ZZ )
75	59, 74, 70, 72, 56	isumclim 10878	. . . . . 6 |- ( ph -> sum_ k e. NN0 ( A ^ k ) = ( 1 / ( 1 - A ) ) )
76	73, 75	eqtr3d 2123	. . . . 5 |- ( ph -> ( sum_ k e. ( 0 ... ( M - 1 ) ) ( A ^ k ) + sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) ) = ( 1 / ( 1 - A ) ) )
77	5, 44, 2	geoserap 10964	. . . . . 6 |- ( ph -> sum_ k e. ( 0 ... ( M - 1 ) ) ( A ^ k ) = ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) )
78	77	oveq1d 5683	. . . . 5 |- ( ph -> ( sum_ k e. ( 0 ... ( M - 1 ) ) ( A ^ k ) + sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) ) = ( ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) + sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) ) )
79	76, 78	eqtr3d 2123	. . . 4 |- ( ph -> ( 1 / ( 1 - A ) ) = ( ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) + sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) ) )
80	79	oveq1d 5683	. . 3 |- ( ph -> ( ( 1 / ( 1 - A ) ) - ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) ) = ( ( ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) + sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) ) - ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) ) )
81	5, 2	expcld 10149	. . . . . 6 |- ( ph -> ( A ^ M ) e. CC )
82		subcl 7744	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( 1 e. CC /\ ( A ^ M ) e. CC ) -> ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) e. CC )
83	38, 81, 82	sylancr 406	. . . . 5 |- ( ph -> ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) e. CC )
84	41, 83, 40, 48	divsubdirapd 8360	. . . 4 |- ( ph -> ( ( 1 - ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) = ( ( 1 / ( 1 - A ) ) - ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) ) )
85		nncan 7774	. . . . . 6 |- ( ( 1 e. CC /\ ( A ^ M ) e. CC ) -> ( 1 - ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) ) = ( A ^ M ) )
86	38, 81, 85	sylancr 406	. . . . 5 |- ( ph -> ( 1 - ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) ) = ( A ^ M ) )
87	86	oveq1d 5683	. . . 4 |- ( ph -> ( ( 1 - ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) = ( ( A ^ M ) / ( 1 - A ) ) )
88	84, 87	eqtr3d 2123	. . 3 |- ( ph -> ( ( 1 / ( 1 - A ) ) - ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) ) = ( ( A ^ M ) / ( 1 - A ) ) )
89	83, 40, 48	divclapd 8320	. . . 4 |- ( ph -> ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) e. CC )
90	1, 3, 32, 9, 64	isumcl 10882	. . . 4 |- ( ph -> sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) e. CC )
91	89, 90	pncan2d 7858	. . 3 |- ( ph -> ( ( ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) + sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) ) - ( ( 1 - ( A ^ M ) ) / ( 1 - A ) ) ) = sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) )
92	80, 88, 91	3eqtr3rd 2130	. 2 |- ( ph -> sum_ k e. ( ZZ>= ` M ) ( A ^ k ) = ( ( A ^ M ) / ( 1 - A ) ) )
93	66, 92	breqtrd 3877	1 |- ( ph -> seq M ( + , F ) ~~> ( ( A ^ M ) / ( 1 - A ) ) )

Syntax hints:   -> wi 4   /\ wa 103   <-> wb 104   = wceq 1290   e. wcel 1439   _Vcvv 2622   class class class wbr 3853   |-> cmpt 3907   dom cdm 4454   ` cfv 5030  (class class class)co 5668   CCcc 7411   0cc0 7413   1c1 7414   + caddc 7416   < clt 7585   <_ cle 7586   - cmin 7716   # cap 8121   / cdiv 8202   NN0cn0 8736   ZZcz 8813   ZZ>=cuz 9082   ...cfz 9487   seqcseq 9915   ^cexp 10017   abscabs 10493   ~~> cli 10729   sum_csu 10805

This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-1 5  ax-2 6  ax-mp 7  ax-ia1 105  ax-ia2 106  ax-ia3 107  ax-in1 580  ax-in2 581  ax-io 666  ax-5 1382  ax-7 1383  ax-gen 1384  ax-ie1 1428  ax-ie2 1429  ax-8 1441  ax-10 1442  ax-11 1443  ax-i12 1444  ax-bndl 1445  ax-4 1446  ax-13 1450  ax-14 1451  ax-17 1465  ax-i9 1469  ax-ial 1473  ax-i5r 1474  ax-ext 2071  ax-coll 3962  ax-sep 3965  ax-nul 3973  ax-pow 4017  ax-pr 4047  ax-un 4271  ax-setind 4368  ax-iinf 4418  ax-cnex 7499  ax-resscn 7500  ax-1cn 7501  ax-1re 7502  ax-icn 7503  ax-addcl 7504  ax-addrcl 7505  ax-mulcl 7506  ax-mulrcl 7507  ax-addcom 7508  ax-mulcom 7509  ax-addass 7510  ax-mulass 7511  ax-distr 7512  ax-i2m1 7513  ax-0lt1 7514  ax-1rid 7515  ax-0id 7516  ax-rnegex 7517  ax-precex 7518  ax-cnre 7519  ax-pre-ltirr 7520  ax-pre-ltwlin 7521  ax-pre-lttrn 7522  ax-pre-apti 7523  ax-pre-ltadd 7524  ax-pre-mulgt0 7525  ax-pre-mulext 7526  ax-arch 7527  ax-caucvg 7528

This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 116  df-dc 782  df-3or 926  df-3an 927  df-tru 1293  df-fal 1296  df-nf 1396  df-sb 1694  df-eu 1952  df-mo 1953  df-clab 2076  df-cleq 2082  df-clel 2085  df-nfc 2218  df-ne 2257  df-nel 2352  df-ral 2365  df-rex 2366  df-reu 2367  df-rmo 2368  df-rab 2369  df-v 2624  df-sbc 2844  df-csb 2937  df-dif 3004  df-un 3006  df-in 3008  df-ss 3015  df-nul 3290  df-if 3400  df-pw 3437  df-sn 3458  df-pr 3459  df-op 3461  df-uni 3662  df-int 3697  df-iun 3740  df-br 3854  df-opab 3908  df-mpt 3909  df-tr 3945  df-id 4131  df-po 4134  df-iso 4135  df-iord 4204  df-on 4206  df-ilim 4207  df-suc 4209  df-iom 4421  df-xp 4460  df-rel 4461  df-cnv 4462  df-co 4463  df-dm 4464  df-rn 4465  df-res 4466  df-ima 4467  df-iota 4995  df-fun 5032  df-fn 5033  df-f 5034  df-f1 5035  df-fo 5036  df-f1o 5037  df-fv 5038  df-isom 5039  df-riota 5624  df-ov 5671  df-oprab 5672  df-mpt2 5673  df-1st 5927  df-2nd 5928  df-recs 6086  df-irdg 6151  df-frec 6172  df-1o 6197  df-oadd 6201  df-er 6308  df-en 6514  df-dom 6515  df-fin 6516  df-pnf 7587  df-mnf 7588  df-xr 7589  df-ltxr 7590  df-le 7591  df-sub 7718  df-neg 7719  df-reap 8115  df-ap 8122  df-div 8203  df-inn 8486  df-2 8544  df-3 8545  df-4 8546  df-n0 8737  df-z 8814  df-uz 9083  df-q 9168  df-rp 9198  df-fz 9488  df-fzo 9617  df-iseq 9916  df-seq3 9917  df-exp 10018  df-ihash 10247  df-cj 10339  df-re 10340  df-im 10341  df-rsqrt 10494  df-abs 10495  df-clim 10730  df-isum 10806

This theorem is referenced by:  geoisum1  10976  geoisum1c  10977