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Theorem sbth 9093
Description: Schroeder-Bernstein Theorem. Theorem 18 of [Suppes] p. 95. This theorem states that if set 𝐴 is smaller (has lower cardinality) than 𝐵 and vice-versa, then 𝐴 and 𝐵 are equinumerous (have the same cardinality). The interesting thing is that this can be proved without invoking the Axiom of Choice, as we do here. The theorem can also be proved from the axiom of choice and the linear order of the cardinal numbers, but our development does not provide the linear order of cardinal numbers until much later and in ways that depend on Schroeder-Bernstein.

The main proof consists of lemmas sbthlem1 9083 through sbthlem10 9092; this final piece mainly changes bound variables to eliminate the hypotheses of sbthlem10 9092. We follow closely the proof in Suppes, which you should consult to understand our proof at a higher level. Note that Suppes' proof, which is credited to J. M. Whitaker, does not require the Axiom of Infinity. In the Intuitionistic Logic Explorer (ILE) the Schroeder-Bernstein Theorem has been proven equivalent to the law of the excluded middle (LEM), and in ILE the LEM is not accepted as necessarily true; see https://us.metamath.org/ileuni/exmidsbth.html 9092. This is Metamath 100 proof #25. (Contributed by NM, 8-Jun-1998.)

Assertion
Ref Expression
sbth ((𝐴𝐵𝐵𝐴) → 𝐴𝐵)

Proof of Theorem sbth
Dummy variables 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝑤 𝑓 𝑔 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 reldom 8945 . . . 4 Rel ≼
21brrelex1i 5733 . . 3 (𝐴𝐵𝐴 ∈ V)
31brrelex1i 5733 . . 3 (𝐵𝐴𝐵 ∈ V)
4 breq1 5152 . . . . . 6 (𝑧 = 𝐴 → (𝑧𝑤𝐴𝑤))
5 breq2 5153 . . . . . 6 (𝑧 = 𝐴 → (𝑤𝑧𝑤𝐴))
64, 5anbi12d 632 . . . . 5 (𝑧 = 𝐴 → ((𝑧𝑤𝑤𝑧) ↔ (𝐴𝑤𝑤𝐴)))
7 breq1 5152 . . . . 5 (𝑧 = 𝐴 → (𝑧𝑤𝐴𝑤))
86, 7imbi12d 345 . . . 4 (𝑧 = 𝐴 → (((𝑧𝑤𝑤𝑧) → 𝑧𝑤) ↔ ((𝐴𝑤𝑤𝐴) → 𝐴𝑤)))
9 breq2 5153 . . . . . 6 (𝑤 = 𝐵 → (𝐴𝑤𝐴𝐵))
10 breq1 5152 . . . . . 6 (𝑤 = 𝐵 → (𝑤𝐴𝐵𝐴))
119, 10anbi12d 632 . . . . 5 (𝑤 = 𝐵 → ((𝐴𝑤𝑤𝐴) ↔ (𝐴𝐵𝐵𝐴)))
12 breq2 5153 . . . . 5 (𝑤 = 𝐵 → (𝐴𝑤𝐴𝐵))
1311, 12imbi12d 345 . . . 4 (𝑤 = 𝐵 → (((𝐴𝑤𝑤𝐴) → 𝐴𝑤) ↔ ((𝐴𝐵𝐵𝐴) → 𝐴𝐵)))
14 vex 3479 . . . . 5 𝑧 ∈ V
15 sseq1 4008 . . . . . . 7 (𝑦 = 𝑥 → (𝑦𝑧𝑥𝑧))
16 imaeq2 6056 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝑦 = 𝑥 → (𝑓𝑦) = (𝑓𝑥))
1716difeq2d 4123 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝑦 = 𝑥 → (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑦)) = (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑥)))
1817imaeq2d 6060 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑦 = 𝑥 → (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑦))) = (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑥))))
19 difeq2 4117 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑦 = 𝑥 → (𝑧𝑦) = (𝑧𝑥))
2018, 19sseq12d 4016 . . . . . . 7 (𝑦 = 𝑥 → ((𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑦))) ⊆ (𝑧𝑦) ↔ (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑥))) ⊆ (𝑧𝑥)))
2115, 20anbi12d 632 . . . . . 6 (𝑦 = 𝑥 → ((𝑦𝑧 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑦))) ⊆ (𝑧𝑦)) ↔ (𝑥𝑧 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑥))) ⊆ (𝑧𝑥))))
2221cbvabv 2806 . . . . 5 {𝑦 ∣ (𝑦𝑧 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑦))) ⊆ (𝑧𝑦))} = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥𝑧 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑥))) ⊆ (𝑧𝑥))}
23 eqid 2733 . . . . 5 ((𝑓 {𝑦 ∣ (𝑦𝑧 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑦))) ⊆ (𝑧𝑦))}) ∪ (𝑔 ↾ (𝑧 {𝑦 ∣ (𝑦𝑧 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑦))) ⊆ (𝑧𝑦))}))) = ((𝑓 {𝑦 ∣ (𝑦𝑧 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑦))) ⊆ (𝑧𝑦))}) ∪ (𝑔 ↾ (𝑧 {𝑦 ∣ (𝑦𝑧 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝑤 ∖ (𝑓𝑦))) ⊆ (𝑧𝑦))})))
24 vex 3479 . . . . 5 𝑤 ∈ V
2514, 22, 23, 24sbthlem10 9092 . . . 4 ((𝑧𝑤𝑤𝑧) → 𝑧𝑤)
268, 13, 25vtocl2g 3563 . . 3 ((𝐴 ∈ V ∧ 𝐵 ∈ V) → ((𝐴𝐵𝐵𝐴) → 𝐴𝐵))
272, 3, 26syl2an 597 . 2 ((𝐴𝐵𝐵𝐴) → ((𝐴𝐵𝐵𝐴) → 𝐴𝐵))
2827pm2.43i 52 1 ((𝐴𝐵𝐵𝐴) → 𝐴𝐵)
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
Syntax hints:  wi 4  wa 397   = wceq 1542  wcel 2107  {cab 2710  Vcvv 3475  cdif 3946  cun 3947  wss 3949   cuni 4909   class class class wbr 5149  ccnv 5676  cres 5679  cima 5680  cen 8936  cdom 8937
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1798  ax-4 1812  ax-5 1914  ax-6 1972  ax-7 2012  ax-8 2109  ax-9 2117  ax-10 2138  ax-12 2172  ax-ext 2704  ax-sep 5300  ax-nul 5307  ax-pow 5364  ax-pr 5428  ax-un 7725
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 206  df-an 398  df-or 847  df-3an 1090  df-tru 1545  df-fal 1555  df-ex 1783  df-nf 1787  df-sb 2069  df-mo 2535  df-eu 2564  df-clab 2711  df-cleq 2725  df-clel 2811  df-ral 3063  df-rex 3072  df-rab 3434  df-v 3477  df-dif 3952  df-un 3954  df-in 3956  df-ss 3966  df-nul 4324  df-if 4530  df-pw 4605  df-sn 4630  df-pr 4632  df-op 4636  df-uni 4910  df-br 5150  df-opab 5212  df-id 5575  df-xp 5683  df-rel 5684  df-cnv 5685  df-co 5686  df-dm 5687  df-rn 5688  df-res 5689  df-ima 5690  df-fun 6546  df-fn 6547  df-f 6548  df-f1 6549  df-fo 6550  df-f1o 6551  df-en 8940  df-dom 8941
This theorem is referenced by:  sbthb  9094  sdomnsym  9098  domtriord  9123  xpen  9140  limenpsi  9152  phpOLD  9222  onomeneqOLD  9229  unbnn  9299  infxpenlem  10008  fseqen  10022  infpwfien  10057  inffien  10058  alephdom  10076  mappwen  10107  infdjuabs  10201  infunabs  10202  infdju  10203  infdif  10204  infxpabs  10207  infmap2  10213  gchaleph  10666  gchhar  10674  inttsk  10769  inar1  10770  znnen  16155  qnnen  16156  rpnnen  16170  rexpen  16171  mreexfidimd  17594  acsinfdimd  18511  fislw  19493  opnreen  24347  ovolctb2  25009  vitali  25130  aannenlem3  25843  basellem4  26588  lgsqrlem4  26852  upgrex  28352  iccioo01  36208  ctbssinf  36287  phpreu  36472  poimirlem26  36514  pellexlem4  41570  pellexlem5  41571  idomsubgmo  41940
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