P. 91 of Theorem List - Metamath Proof Explorer

Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer - 9001-9100   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	en3i 9001*	Equinumerosity inference from an implicit one-to-one onto function. (Contributed by NM, 19-Jul-2004.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ V    &   ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝑥 = 𝐷 ↔ 𝑦 = 𝐶))    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐴 ≈ 𝐵
Theorem	dom2lem 9002*	A mapping (first hypothesis) that is one-to-one (second hypothesis) implies its domain is dominated by its codomain. (Contributed by NM, 24-Jul-2004.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐴) → (𝐶 = 𝐷 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝐶):𝐴–1-1→𝐵)
Theorem	dom2d 9003*	A mapping (first hypothesis) that is one-to-one (second hypothesis) implies its domain is dominated by its codomain. (Contributed by NM, 24-Jul-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 20-May-2013.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐴) → (𝐶 = 𝐷 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐵 ∈ 𝑅 → 𝐴 ≼ 𝐵))
Theorem	dom3d 9004*	A mapping (first hypothesis) that is one-to-one (second hypothesis) implies its domain is dominated by its codomain. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 20-May-2013.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐴) → (𝐶 = 𝐷 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦)))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ≼ 𝐵)
Theorem	dom2 9005*	A mapping (first hypothesis) that is one-to-one (second hypothesis) implies its domain is dominated by its codomain. 𝐶 and 𝐷 can be read 𝐶(𝑥) and 𝐷(𝑦), as can be inferred from their distinct variable conditions. (Contributed by NM, 26-Oct-2003.)
⊢ (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐴) → (𝐶 = 𝐷 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝐴 ≼ 𝐵)
Theorem	dom3 9006*	A mapping (first hypothesis) that is one-to-one (second hypothesis) implies its domain is dominated by its codomain. 𝐶 and 𝐷 can be read 𝐶(𝑥) and 𝐷(𝑦), as can be inferred from their distinct variable conditions. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 20-May-2013.)
⊢ (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ ((𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐴) → (𝐶 = 𝐷 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑦))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → 𝐴 ≼ 𝐵)
Theorem	idssen 9007	Equality implies equinumerosity. (Contributed by NM, 30-Apr-1998.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ I ⊆ ≈
Theorem	domssl 9008	If 𝐴 is a subset of 𝐵 and 𝐶 dominates 𝐵, then 𝐶 also dominates 𝐴. (Contributed by BTernaryTau, 7-Dec-2024.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ≼ 𝐶) → 𝐴 ≼ 𝐶)
Theorem	domssr 9009	If 𝐶 is a superset of 𝐵 and 𝐵 dominates 𝐴, then 𝐶 also dominates 𝐴. (Contributed by BTernaryTau, 7-Dec-2024.)
⊢ ((𝐶 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐴 ≼ 𝐵) → 𝐴 ≼ 𝐶)
Theorem	ssdomg 9010	A set dominates its subsets. Theorem 16 of [Suppes] p. 94. (Contributed by NM, 19-Jun-1998.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 24-Jun-2015.)
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 → 𝐴 ≼ 𝐵))
Theorem	ener 9011	Equinumerosity is an equivalence relation. (Contributed by NM, 19-Mar-1998.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.) (Proof shortened by AV, 1-May-2021.)
⊢ ≈ Er V
Theorem	ensymb 9012	Symmetry of equinumerosity. Theorem 2 of [Suppes] p. 92. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ≈ 𝐵 ↔ 𝐵 ≈ 𝐴)
Theorem	ensym 9013	Symmetry of equinumerosity. Theorem 2 of [Suppes] p. 92. (Contributed by NM, 26-Oct-2003.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ≈ 𝐵 → 𝐵 ≈ 𝐴)
Theorem	ensymi 9014	Symmetry of equinumerosity. Theorem 2 of [Suppes] p. 92. (Contributed by NM, 25-Sep-2004.)
⊢ 𝐴 ≈ 𝐵    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐵 ≈ 𝐴
Theorem	ensymd 9015	Symmetry of equinumerosity. Deduction form of ensym 9013. (Contributed by David Moews, 1-May-2017.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ≈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≈ 𝐴)
Theorem	entr 9016	Transitivity of equinumerosity. Theorem 3 of [Suppes] p. 92. (Contributed by NM, 9-Jun-1998.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ≈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ≈ 𝐶) → 𝐴 ≈ 𝐶)
Theorem	domtr 9017	Transitivity of dominance relation. Theorem 17 of [Suppes] p. 94. (Contributed by NM, 4-Jun-1998.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ≼ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ≼ 𝐶) → 𝐴 ≼ 𝐶)
Theorem	entri 9018	A chained equinumerosity inference. (Contributed by NM, 25-Sep-2004.)
⊢ 𝐴 ≈ 𝐵    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ≈ 𝐶    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐴 ≈ 𝐶
Theorem	entr2i 9019	A chained equinumerosity inference. (Contributed by NM, 25-Sep-2004.)
⊢ 𝐴 ≈ 𝐵    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ≈ 𝐶    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐶 ≈ 𝐴
Theorem	entr3i 9020	A chained equinumerosity inference. (Contributed by NM, 25-Sep-2004.)
⊢ 𝐴 ≈ 𝐵    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ≈ 𝐶    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐵 ≈ 𝐶
Theorem	entr4i 9021	A chained equinumerosity inference. (Contributed by NM, 25-Sep-2004.)
⊢ 𝐴 ≈ 𝐵    &   ⊢ 𝐶 ≈ 𝐵    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐴 ≈ 𝐶
Theorem	endomtr 9022	Transitivity of equinumerosity and dominance. (Contributed by NM, 7-Jun-1998.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ≈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ≼ 𝐶) → 𝐴 ≼ 𝐶)
Theorem	domentr 9023	Transitivity of dominance and equinumerosity. (Contributed by NM, 7-Jun-1998.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ≼ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ≈ 𝐶) → 𝐴 ≼ 𝐶)
Theorem	f1imaeng 9024	If a function is one-to-one, then the image of a subset of its domain under it is equinumerous to the subset. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 15-May-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐹:𝐴–1-1→𝐵 ∧ 𝐶 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝐹 “ 𝐶) ≈ 𝐶)
Theorem	f1imaen2g 9025	If a function is one-to-one, then the image of a subset of its domain under it is equinumerous to the subset. (This version of f1imaeng 9024 does not need ax-rep 5236.) (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 25-Jun-2015.)
⊢ (((𝐹:𝐴–1-1→𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ (𝐶 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉)) → (𝐹 “ 𝐶) ≈ 𝐶)
Theorem	f1imaen3g 9026	If a set function is one-to-one, then a subset of its domain is equinumerous to the image of that subset. (This version of f1imaeng 9024 does not need ax-rep 5236 nor ax-pow 5334.) (Contributed by BTernaryTau, 13-Jan-2025.)
⊢ ((𝐹:𝐴–1-1→𝐵 ∧ 𝐶 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ 𝐹 ∈ 𝑉) → 𝐶 ≈ (𝐹 “ 𝐶))
Theorem	f1imaen 9027	If a function is one-to-one, then the image of a subset of its domain under it is equinumerous to the subset. (Contributed by NM, 30-Sep-2004.)
⊢ 𝐶 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐹:𝐴–1-1→𝐵 ∧ 𝐶 ⊆ 𝐴) → (𝐹 “ 𝐶) ≈ 𝐶)
Theorem	en0 9028	The empty set is equinumerous only to itself. Exercise 1 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 88. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1998.) Avoid ax-pow 5334, ax-un 7740. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 23-Sep-2024.)
⊢ (𝐴 ≈ ∅ ↔ 𝐴 = ∅)
Theorem	en0ALT 9029	Shorter proof of en0 9028, depending on ax-pow 5334 and ax-un 7740. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1998.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝐴 ≈ ∅ ↔ 𝐴 = ∅)
Theorem	en0r 9030	The empty set is equinumerous only to itself. (Contributed by BTernaryTau, 29-Nov-2024.)
⊢ (∅ ≈ 𝐴 ↔ 𝐴 = ∅)
Theorem	ensn1 9031	A singleton is equinumerous to ordinal one. (Contributed by NM, 4-Nov-2002.) Avoid ax-un 7740. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 23-Sep-2024.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ {𝐴} ≈ 1o
Theorem	ensn1g 9032	A singleton is equinumerous to ordinal one. (Contributed by NM, 23-Apr-2004.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → {𝐴} ≈ 1o)
Theorem	enpr1g 9033	{𝐴, 𝐴} has only one element. (Contributed by FL, 15-Feb-2010.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → {𝐴, 𝐴} ≈ 1o)
Theorem	en1 9034*	A set is equinumerous to ordinal one iff it is a singleton. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jul-2004.) Avoid ax-un 7740. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 23-Sep-2024.)
⊢ (𝐴 ≈ 1o ↔ ∃𝑥 𝐴 = {𝑥})
Theorem	en1b 9035	A set is equinumerous to ordinal one iff it is a singleton. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 17-Jan-2015.) Avoid ax-un 7740. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 24-Sep-2024.)
⊢ (𝐴 ≈ 1o ↔ 𝐴 = {∪ 𝐴})
Theorem	reuen1 9036*	Two ways to express "exactly one". (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 28-Oct-2014.)
⊢ (∃!𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝜑 ↔ {𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∣ 𝜑} ≈ 1o)
Theorem	euen1 9037	Two ways to express "exactly one". (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 28-Oct-2014.)
⊢ (∃!𝑥𝜑 ↔ {𝑥 ∣ 𝜑} ≈ 1o)
Theorem	euen1b 9038*	Two ways to express "𝐴 has a unique element". (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Apr-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ≈ 1o ↔ ∃!𝑥 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴)
Theorem	funen1cnv 9039	If a function is equinumerous to ordinal 1, then its converse is also a function. (Contributed by BTernaryTau, 8-Oct-2023.)
⊢ ((Fun 𝐹 ∧ 𝐹 ≈ 1o) → Fun ◡𝐹)
Theorem	en1uniel 9040	A singleton contains its sole element. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 16-Aug-2015.) Avoid ax-un 7740. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 24-Sep-2024.)
⊢ (𝑆 ≈ 1o → ∪ 𝑆 ∈ 𝑆)
Theorem	2dom 9041*	A set that dominates ordinal 2 has at least 2 different members. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jul-2004.)
⊢ (2o ≼ 𝐴 → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∃𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ¬ 𝑥 = 𝑦)
Theorem	fundmen 9042	A function is equinumerous to its domain. Exercise 4 of [Suppes] p. 98. (Contributed by NM, 28-Jul-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (Fun 𝐹 → dom 𝐹 ≈ 𝐹)
Theorem	fundmeng 9043	A function is equinumerous to its domain. Exercise 4 of [Suppes] p. 98. (Contributed by NM, 17-Sep-2013.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ Fun 𝐹) → dom 𝐹 ≈ 𝐹)
Theorem	cnven 9044	A relational set is equinumerous to its converse. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Dec-2014.)
⊢ ((Rel 𝐴 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) → 𝐴 ≈ ◡𝐴)
Theorem	cnvct 9045	If a set is countable, so is its converse. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 29-Dec-2016.)
⊢ (𝐴 ≼ ω → ◡𝐴 ≼ ω)
Theorem	fndmeng 9046	A function is equinumerate to its domain. (Contributed by Paul Chapman, 22-Jun-2011.)
⊢ ((𝐹 Fn 𝐴 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝐶) → 𝐴 ≈ 𝐹)
Theorem	mapsnend 9047	Set exponentiation to a singleton exponent is equinumerous to its base. Exercise 4.43 of [Mendelson] p. 255. (Contributed by NM, 17-Dec-2003.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.) (Revised by Glauco Siliprandi, 24-Dec-2020.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ↑m {𝐵}) ≈ 𝐴)
Theorem	mapsnen 9048	Set exponentiation to a singleton exponent is equinumerous to its base. Exercise 4.43 of [Mendelson] p. 255. (Contributed by NM, 17-Dec-2003.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.) (Proof shortened by AV, 17-Jul-2022.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ↑m {𝐵}) ≈ 𝐴
Theorem	snmapen 9049	Set exponentiation: a singleton to any set is equinumerous to that singleton. (Contributed by NM, 17-Dec-2003.) (Revised by AV, 17-Jul-2022.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → ({𝐴} ↑m 𝐵) ≈ {𝐴})
Theorem	snmapen1 9050	Set exponentiation: a singleton to any set is equinumerous to ordinal 1. (Proposed by BJ, 17-Jul-2022.) (Contributed by AV, 17-Jul-2022.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → ({𝐴} ↑m 𝐵) ≈ 1o)
Theorem	map1 9051	Set exponentiation: ordinal 1 to any set is equinumerous to ordinal 1. Exercise 4.42(b) of [Mendelson] p. 255. (Contributed by NM, 17-Dec-2003.) (Proof shortened by AV, 17-Jul-2022.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → (1o ↑m 𝐴) ≈ 1o)
Theorem	en2sn 9052	Two singletons are equinumerous. (Contributed by NM, 9-Nov-2003.) Avoid ax-pow 5334. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 31-Jul-2024.) Avoid ax-un 7740. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 25-Sep-2024.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝐷) → {𝐴} ≈ {𝐵})
Theorem	0fi 9053	The empty set is finite. (Contributed by FL, 14-Jul-2008.) Avoid ax-10 2178, ax-un 7740. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 13-Jan-2025.)
⊢ ∅ ∈ Fin
Theorem	snfi 9054	A singleton is finite. (Contributed by NM, 4-Nov-2002.) (Proof shortened by BTernaryTau, 13-Jan-2025.)
⊢ {𝐴} ∈ Fin
Theorem	fiprc 9055	The class of finite sets is a proper class. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 3-Oct-2008.)
⊢ Fin ∉ V
Theorem	unen 9056	Equinumerosity of union of disjoint sets. Theorem 4 of [Suppes] p. 92. (Contributed by NM, 11-Jun-1998.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ≈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐶 ≈ 𝐷) ∧ ((𝐴 ∩ 𝐶) = ∅ ∧ (𝐵 ∩ 𝐷) = ∅)) → (𝐴 ∪ 𝐶) ≈ (𝐵 ∪ 𝐷))
Theorem	enrefnn 9057	Equinumerosity is reflexive for finite ordinals, proved without using the Axiom of Power Sets (unlike enrefg 8994). (Contributed by BTernaryTau, 31-Jul-2024.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ω → 𝐴 ≈ 𝐴)
Theorem	en2prd 9058	Two proper unordered pairs are equinumerous. (Contributed by BTernaryTau, 23-Dec-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑌)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ≠ 𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → {𝐴, 𝐵} ≈ {𝐶, 𝐷})
Theorem	enpr2d 9059	A pair with distinct elements is equinumerous to ordinal two. (Contributed by Rohan Ridenour, 3-Aug-2023.) Avoid ax-un 7740. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 23-Dec-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → ¬ 𝐴 = 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → {𝐴, 𝐵} ≈ 2o)
Theorem	ssct 9060	Any subset of a countable set is countable. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 31-Jan-2017.) Avoid ax-pow 5334, ax-un 7740. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 7-Dec-2024.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ≼ ω) → 𝐴 ≼ ω)
Theorem	difsnen 9061	All decrements of a set are equinumerous. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 19-Feb-2015.)
⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋) → (𝑋 ∖ {𝐴}) ≈ (𝑋 ∖ {𝐵}))
Theorem	domdifsn 9062	Dominance over a set with one element removed. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 19-Feb-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 24-Jun-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ≺ 𝐵 → 𝐴 ≼ (𝐵 ∖ {𝐶}))
Theorem	xpsnen 9063	A set is equinumerous to its Cartesian product with a singleton. Proposition 4.22(c) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 4-Jan-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 × {𝐵}) ≈ 𝐴
Theorem	xpsneng 9064	A set is equinumerous to its Cartesian product with a singleton. Proposition 4.22(c) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 22-Oct-2004.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (𝐴 × {𝐵}) ≈ 𝐴)
Theorem	xp1en 9065	One times a cardinal number. (Contributed by NM, 27-Sep-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 29-Apr-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝐴 × 1o) ≈ 𝐴)
Theorem	endisj 9066*	Any two sets are equinumerous to two disjoint sets. Exercise 4.39 of [Mendelson] p. 255. (Contributed by NM, 16-Apr-2004.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ∃𝑥∃𝑦((𝑥 ≈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 ≈ 𝐵) ∧ (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦) = ∅)
Theorem	undom 9067	Dominance law for union. Proposition 4.24(a) of [Mendelson] p. 257. (Contributed by NM, 3-Sep-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.) Avoid ax-pow 5334. (Revised by BTernaryTau, 4-Dec-2024.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ≼ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐶 ≼ 𝐷) ∧ (𝐵 ∩ 𝐷) = ∅) → (𝐴 ∪ 𝐶) ≼ (𝐵 ∪ 𝐷))
Theorem	xpcomf1o 9068*	The canonical bijection from (𝐴 × 𝐵) to (𝐵 × 𝐴). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 23-Apr-2014.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑥 ∈ (𝐴 × 𝐵) ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑥})    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐹:(𝐴 × 𝐵)–1-1-onto→(𝐵 × 𝐴)
Theorem	xpcomco 9069*	Composition with the bijection of xpcomf1o 9068 swaps the arguments to a mapping. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2015.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑥 ∈ (𝐴 × 𝐵) ↦ ∪ ◡{𝑥})    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑦 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐺 ∘ 𝐹) = (𝑧 ∈ 𝐴, 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ 𝐶)
Theorem	xpcomen 9070	Commutative law for equinumerosity of Cartesian product. Proposition 4.22(d) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 5-Jan-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 × 𝐵) ≈ (𝐵 × 𝐴)
Theorem	xpcomeng 9071	Commutative law for equinumerosity of Cartesian product. Proposition 4.22(d) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 27-Mar-2006.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (𝐴 × 𝐵) ≈ (𝐵 × 𝐴))
Theorem	xpsnen2g 9072	A set is equinumerous to its Cartesian product with a singleton on the left. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 21-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → ({𝐴} × 𝐵) ≈ 𝐵)
Theorem	xpassen 9073	Associative law for equinumerosity of Cartesian product. Proposition 4.22(e) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jan-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 × 𝐵) × 𝐶) ≈ (𝐴 × (𝐵 × 𝐶))
Theorem	xpdom2 9074	Dominance law for Cartesian product. Proposition 10.33(2) of [TakeutiZaring] p. 92. (Contributed by NM, 24-Jul-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ 𝐶 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ≼ 𝐵 → (𝐶 × 𝐴) ≼ (𝐶 × 𝐵))
Theorem	xpdom2g 9075	Dominance law for Cartesian product. Theorem 6L(c) of [Enderton] p. 149. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐶 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ≼ 𝐵) → (𝐶 × 𝐴) ≼ (𝐶 × 𝐵))
Theorem	xpdom1g 9076	Dominance law for Cartesian product. Theorem 6L(c) of [Enderton] p. 149. (Contributed by NM, 25-Mar-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐶 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ≼ 𝐵) → (𝐴 × 𝐶) ≼ (𝐵 × 𝐶))
Theorem	xpdom3 9077	A set is dominated by its Cartesian product with a nonempty set. Exercise 6 of [Suppes] p. 98. (Contributed by NM, 27-Jul-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 29-Apr-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ ∅) → 𝐴 ≼ (𝐴 × 𝐵))
Theorem	xpdom1 9078	Dominance law for Cartesian product. Theorem 6L(c) of [Enderton] p. 149. (Contributed by NM, 28-Sep-2004.) (Revised by NM, 29-Mar-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-May-2015.)
⊢ 𝐶 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ≼ 𝐵 → (𝐴 × 𝐶) ≼ (𝐵 × 𝐶))
Theorem	domunsncan 9079	A singleton cancellation law for dominance. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 19-Feb-2015.) (Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 5-May-2015.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((¬ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ ¬ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑌) → (({𝐴} ∪ 𝑋) ≼ ({𝐵} ∪ 𝑌) ↔ 𝑋 ≼ 𝑌))
Theorem	omxpenlem 9080*	Lemma for omxpen 9081. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Mar-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 25-May-2015.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑥 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ ((𝐴 ·o 𝑥) +o 𝑦))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ On ∧ 𝐵 ∈ On) → 𝐹:(𝐵 × 𝐴)–1-1-onto→(𝐴 ·o 𝐵))
Theorem	omxpen 9081	The cardinal and ordinal products are always equinumerous. Exercise 10 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 89. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Mar-2013.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ On ∧ 𝐵 ∈ On) → (𝐴 ·o 𝐵) ≈ (𝐴 × 𝐵))
Theorem	omf1o 9082*	Construct an explicit bijection from 𝐴 ·o 𝐵 to 𝐵 ·o 𝐴. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2015.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑥 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ ((𝐴 ·o 𝑥) +o 𝑦))    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑥 ∈ 𝐵, 𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ ((𝐵 ·o 𝑦) +o 𝑥))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ On ∧ 𝐵 ∈ On) → (𝐺 ∘ ◡𝐹):(𝐴 ·o 𝐵)–1-1-onto→(𝐵 ·o 𝐴))
Theorem	pw2f1olem 9083*	Lemma for pw2f1o 9084. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-Oct-2014.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑆 ∈ 𝒫 𝐴 ∧ 𝐺 = (𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ if(𝑧 ∈ 𝑆, 𝐶, 𝐵))) ↔ (𝐺 ∈ ({𝐵, 𝐶} ↑m 𝐴) ∧ 𝑆 = (◡𝐺 “ {𝐶}))))
Theorem	pw2f1o 9084*	The power set of a set is equinumerous to set exponentiation with an unordered pair base of ordinal 2. Generalized from Proposition 10.44 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 96. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-Oct-2014.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 𝐴 ↦ (𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ if(𝑧 ∈ 𝑥, 𝐶, 𝐵)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:𝒫 𝐴–1-1-onto→({𝐵, 𝐶} ↑m 𝐴))
Theorem	pw2eng 9085	The power set of a set is equinumerous to set exponentiation with a base of ordinal 2o. (Contributed by FL, 22-Feb-2011.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 1-Jul-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝒫 𝐴 ≈ (2o ↑m 𝐴))
Theorem	pw2en 9086	The power set of a set is equinumerous to set exponentiation with a base of ordinal 2. Proposition 10.44 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 96. This is Metamath 100 proof #52. (Contributed by NM, 29-Jan-2004.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 1-Jul-2015.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ 𝒫 𝐴 ≈ (2o ↑m 𝐴)
Theorem	fopwdom 9087	Covering implies injection on power sets. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 6-Nov-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 24-Jun-2015.) (Revised by AV, 18-Sep-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐹:𝐴–onto→𝐵) → 𝒫 𝐵 ≼ 𝒫 𝐴)
Theorem	enfixsn 9088*	Given two equipollent sets, a bijection can always be chosen which fixes a single point. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 9-Jul-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑌 ∧ 𝑋 ≈ 𝑌) → ∃𝑓(𝑓:𝑋–1-1-onto→𝑌 ∧ (𝑓‘𝐴) = 𝐵))
2.4.30  Schroeder-Bernstein Theorem
Theorem	sbthlem1 9089*	Lemma for sbth 9099. (Contributed by NM, 22-Mar-1998.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ 𝑥))) ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ 𝑥))}    ⇒   ⊢ ∪ 𝐷 ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ ∪ 𝐷))))
Theorem	sbthlem2 9090*	Lemma for sbth 9099. (Contributed by NM, 22-Mar-1998.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ 𝑥))) ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ 𝑥))}    ⇒   ⊢ (ran 𝑔 ⊆ 𝐴 → (𝐴 ∖ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ ∪ 𝐷)))) ⊆ ∪ 𝐷)
Theorem	sbthlem3 9091*	Lemma for sbth 9099. (Contributed by NM, 22-Mar-1998.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ 𝑥))) ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ 𝑥))}    ⇒   ⊢ (ran 𝑔 ⊆ 𝐴 → (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ ∪ 𝐷))) = (𝐴 ∖ ∪ 𝐷))
Theorem	sbthlem4 9092*	Lemma for sbth 9099. (Contributed by NM, 27-Mar-1998.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ 𝑥))) ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ 𝑥))}    ⇒   ⊢ (((dom 𝑔 = 𝐵 ∧ ran 𝑔 ⊆ 𝐴) ∧ Fun ◡𝑔) → (◡𝑔 “ (𝐴 ∖ ∪ 𝐷)) = (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ ∪ 𝐷)))
Theorem	sbthlem5 9093*	Lemma for sbth 9099. (Contributed by NM, 22-Mar-1998.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ 𝑥))) ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ 𝑥))}    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = ((𝑓 ↾ ∪ 𝐷) ∪ (◡𝑔 ↾ (𝐴 ∖ ∪ 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ ((dom 𝑓 = 𝐴 ∧ ran 𝑔 ⊆ 𝐴) → dom 𝐻 = 𝐴)
Theorem	sbthlem6 9094*	Lemma for sbth 9099. (Contributed by NM, 27-Mar-1998.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ 𝑥))) ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ 𝑥))}    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = ((𝑓 ↾ ∪ 𝐷) ∪ (◡𝑔 ↾ (𝐴 ∖ ∪ 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ ((ran 𝑓 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ ((dom 𝑔 = 𝐵 ∧ ran 𝑔 ⊆ 𝐴) ∧ Fun ◡𝑔)) → ran 𝐻 = 𝐵)
Theorem	sbthlem7 9095*	Lemma for sbth 9099. (Contributed by NM, 27-Mar-1998.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ 𝑥))) ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ 𝑥))}    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = ((𝑓 ↾ ∪ 𝐷) ∪ (◡𝑔 ↾ (𝐴 ∖ ∪ 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ ((Fun 𝑓 ∧ Fun ◡𝑔) → Fun 𝐻)
Theorem	sbthlem8 9096*	Lemma for sbth 9099. (Contributed by NM, 27-Mar-1998.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ 𝑥))) ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ 𝑥))}    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = ((𝑓 ↾ ∪ 𝐷) ∪ (◡𝑔 ↾ (𝐴 ∖ ∪ 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ ((Fun ◡𝑓 ∧ (((Fun 𝑔 ∧ dom 𝑔 = 𝐵) ∧ ran 𝑔 ⊆ 𝐴) ∧ Fun ◡𝑔)) → Fun ◡𝐻)
Theorem	sbthlem9 9097*	Lemma for sbth 9099. (Contributed by NM, 28-Mar-1998.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ 𝑥))) ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ 𝑥))}    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = ((𝑓 ↾ ∪ 𝐷) ∪ (◡𝑔 ↾ (𝐴 ∖ ∪ 𝐷)))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑓:𝐴–1-1→𝐵 ∧ 𝑔:𝐵–1-1→𝐴) → 𝐻:𝐴–1-1-onto→𝐵)
Theorem	sbthlem10 9098*	Lemma for sbth 9099. (Contributed by NM, 28-Mar-1998.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = {𝑥 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝑔 “ (𝐵 ∖ (𝑓 “ 𝑥))) ⊆ (𝐴 ∖ 𝑥))}    &   ⊢ 𝐻 = ((𝑓 ↾ ∪ 𝐷) ∪ (◡𝑔 ↾ (𝐴 ∖ ∪ 𝐷)))    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ≼ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ≼ 𝐴) → 𝐴 ≈ 𝐵)
Theorem	sbth 9099	Schroeder-Bernstein Theorem. Theorem 18 of [Suppes] p. 95. This theorem states that if set 𝐴 is smaller (has lower cardinality) than 𝐵 and vice-versa, then 𝐴 and 𝐵 are equinumerous (have the same cardinality). The interesting thing is that this can be proved without invoking the Axiom of Choice, as we do here. The theorem can also be proved from the axiom of choice and the linear order of the cardinal numbers, but our development does not provide the linear order of cardinal numbers until much later and in ways that depend on Schroeder-Bernstein. The main proof consists of lemmas sbthlem1 9089 through sbthlem10 9098; this final piece mainly changes bound variables to eliminate the hypotheses of sbthlem10 9098. We follow closely the proof in Suppes, which you should consult to understand our proof at a higher level. Note that Suppes' proof, which is credited to J. M. Whitaker, does not require the Axiom of Infinity. In the Intuitionistic Logic Explorer (ILE) the Schroeder-Bernstein Theorem has been proven equivalent to the law of the excluded middle (LEM), and in ILE the LEM is not accepted as necessarily true; see https://us.metamath.org/ileuni/exmidsbth.html 9098. This is Metamath 100 proof #25. (Contributed by NM, 8-Jun-1998.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ≼ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ≼ 𝐴) → 𝐴 ≈ 𝐵)
Theorem	sbthb 9100	Schroeder-Bernstein Theorem and its converse. (Contributed by NM, 8-Jun-1998.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ≼ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ≼ 𝐴) ↔ 𝐴 ≈ 𝐵)