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| Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > umgr3cyclex | Structured version Visualization version GIF version | ||
| Description: If there are three (different) vertices in a multigraph which are mutually connected by edges, there is a 3-cycle in the graph containing one of these vertices. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 17-Nov-2017.) (Revised by AV, 12-Feb-2021.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| uhgr3cyclex.v | ⊢ 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺) |
| uhgr3cyclex.e | ⊢ 𝐸 = (Edg‘𝐺) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| umgr3cyclex | ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → ∃𝑓∃𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (♯‘𝑓) = 3 ∧ (𝑝‘0) = 𝐴)) |
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | umgruhgr 29177 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝐺 ∈ UMGraph → 𝐺 ∈ UHGraph) | |
| 2 | 1 | 3ad2ant1 1133 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → 𝐺 ∈ UHGraph) |
| 3 | simp2 1137 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉)) | |
| 4 | uhgr3cyclex.e | . . . . . 6 ⊢ 𝐸 = (Edg‘𝐺) | |
| 5 | 4 | umgredgne 29218 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ {𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸) → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐵) |
| 6 | 5 | 3ad2antr1 1189 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐵) |
| 7 | prcom 4689 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ {𝐶, 𝐴} = {𝐴, 𝐶} | |
| 8 | 7 | eleq1i 2827 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ ({𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸 ↔ {𝐴, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) |
| 9 | 8 | biimpi 216 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ ({𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸 → {𝐴, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) |
| 10 | 9 | 3ad2ant3 1135 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸) → {𝐴, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) |
| 11 | 4 | umgredgne 29218 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ {𝐴, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶) |
| 12 | 10, 11 | sylan2 593 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶) |
| 13 | simp2 1137 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸) → {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) | |
| 14 | 4 | umgredgne 29218 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) → 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶) |
| 15 | 13, 14 | sylan2 593 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶) |
| 16 | 6, 12, 15 | 3jca 1128 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → (𝐴 ≠ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶)) |
| 17 | 16 | 3adant2 1131 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → (𝐴 ≠ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶)) |
| 18 | simp3 1138 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) | |
| 19 | uhgr3cyclex.v | . . 3 ⊢ 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺) | |
| 20 | 19, 4 | uhgr3cyclex 30257 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UHGraph ∧ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ (𝐴 ≠ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶)) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → ∃𝑓∃𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (♯‘𝑓) = 3 ∧ (𝑝‘0) = 𝐴)) |
| 21 | 2, 3, 17, 18, 20 | syl121anc 1377 | 1 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → ∃𝑓∃𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (♯‘𝑓) = 3 ∧ (𝑝‘0) = 𝐴)) |
| Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
| Syntax hints: → wi 4 ∧ wa 395 ∧ w3a 1086 = wceq 1541 ∃wex 1780 ∈ wcel 2113 ≠ wne 2932 {cpr 4582 class class class wbr 5098 ‘cfv 6492 0cc0 11026 3c3 12201 ♯chash 14253 Vtxcvtx 29069 Edgcedg 29120 UHGraphcuhgr 29129 UMGraphcumgr 29154 Cyclesccycls 29858 |
| This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1796 ax-4 1810 ax-5 1911 ax-6 1968 ax-7 2009 ax-8 2115 ax-9 2123 ax-10 2146 ax-11 2162 ax-12 2184 ax-ext 2708 ax-rep 5224 ax-sep 5241 ax-nul 5251 ax-pow 5310 ax-pr 5377 ax-un 7680 ax-cnex 11082 ax-resscn 11083 ax-1cn 11084 ax-icn 11085 ax-addcl 11086 ax-addrcl 11087 ax-mulcl 11088 ax-mulrcl 11089 ax-mulcom 11090 ax-addass 11091 ax-mulass 11092 ax-distr 11093 ax-i2m1 11094 ax-1ne0 11095 ax-1rid 11096 ax-rnegex 11097 ax-rrecex 11098 ax-cnre 11099 ax-pre-lttri 11100 ax-pre-lttrn 11101 ax-pre-ltadd 11102 ax-pre-mulgt0 11103 |
| This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 207 df-an 396 df-or 848 df-ifp 1063 df-3or 1087 df-3an 1088 df-tru 1544 df-fal 1554 df-ex 1781 df-nf 1785 df-sb 2068 df-mo 2539 df-eu 2569 df-clab 2715 df-cleq 2728 df-clel 2811 df-nfc 2885 df-ne 2933 df-nel 3037 df-ral 3052 df-rex 3061 df-reu 3351 df-rab 3400 df-v 3442 df-sbc 3741 df-csb 3850 df-dif 3904 df-un 3906 df-in 3908 df-ss 3918 df-pss 3921 df-nul 4286 df-if 4480 df-pw 4556 df-sn 4581 df-pr 4583 df-tp 4585 df-op 4587 df-uni 4864 df-int 4903 df-iun 4948 df-br 5099 df-opab 5161 df-mpt 5180 df-tr 5206 df-id 5519 df-eprel 5524 df-po 5532 df-so 5533 df-fr 5577 df-we 5579 df-xp 5630 df-rel 5631 df-cnv 5632 df-co 5633 df-dm 5634 df-rn 5635 df-res 5636 df-ima 5637 df-pred 6259 df-ord 6320 df-on 6321 df-lim 6322 df-suc 6323 df-iota 6448 df-fun 6494 df-fn 6495 df-f 6496 df-f1 6497 df-fo 6498 df-f1o 6499 df-fv 6500 df-riota 7315 df-ov 7361 df-oprab 7362 df-mpo 7363 df-om 7809 df-1st 7933 df-2nd 7934 df-frecs 8223 df-wrecs 8254 df-recs 8303 df-rdg 8341 df-1o 8397 df-oadd 8401 df-er 8635 df-map 8765 df-en 8884 df-dom 8885 df-sdom 8886 df-fin 8887 df-dju 9813 df-card 9851 df-pnf 11168 df-mnf 11169 df-xr 11170 df-ltxr 11171 df-le 11172 df-sub 11366 df-neg 11367 df-nn 12146 df-2 12208 df-3 12209 df-4 12210 df-n0 12402 df-z 12489 df-uz 12752 df-fz 13424 df-fzo 13571 df-hash 14254 df-word 14437 df-concat 14494 df-s1 14520 df-s2 14771 df-s3 14772 df-s4 14773 df-edg 29121 df-uhgr 29131 df-upgr 29155 df-umgr 29156 df-wlks 29673 df-trls 29764 df-pths 29787 df-cycls 29860 |
| This theorem is referenced by: umgr3v3e3cycl 30259 3cyclfrgr 30363 cusgr3cyclex 35330 |
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