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Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > umgr3cyclex | Structured version Visualization version GIF version |
Description: If there are three (different) vertices in a multigraph which are mutually connected by edges, there is a 3-cycle in the graph containing one of these vertices. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 17-Nov-2017.) (Revised by AV, 12-Feb-2021.) |
Ref | Expression |
---|---|
uhgr3cyclex.v | ⊢ 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺) |
uhgr3cyclex.e | ⊢ 𝐸 = (Edg‘𝐺) |
Ref | Expression |
---|---|
umgr3cyclex | ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → ∃𝑓∃𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (♯‘𝑓) = 3 ∧ (𝑝‘0) = 𝐴)) |
Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
---|---|---|---|
1 | umgruhgr 27195 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝐺 ∈ UMGraph → 𝐺 ∈ UHGraph) | |
2 | 1 | 3ad2ant1 1135 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → 𝐺 ∈ UHGraph) |
3 | simp2 1139 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉)) | |
4 | uhgr3cyclex.e | . . . . . 6 ⊢ 𝐸 = (Edg‘𝐺) | |
5 | 4 | umgredgne 27236 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ {𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸) → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐵) |
6 | 5 | 3ad2antr1 1190 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐵) |
7 | prcom 4648 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ {𝐶, 𝐴} = {𝐴, 𝐶} | |
8 | 7 | eleq1i 2828 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ ({𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸 ↔ {𝐴, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) |
9 | 8 | biimpi 219 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ ({𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸 → {𝐴, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) |
10 | 9 | 3ad2ant3 1137 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸) → {𝐴, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) |
11 | 4 | umgredgne 27236 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ {𝐴, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶) |
12 | 10, 11 | sylan2 596 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶) |
13 | simp2 1139 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸) → {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) | |
14 | 4 | umgredgne 27236 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸) → 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶) |
15 | 13, 14 | sylan2 596 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶) |
16 | 6, 12, 15 | 3jca 1130 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → (𝐴 ≠ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶)) |
17 | 16 | 3adant2 1133 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → (𝐴 ≠ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶)) |
18 | simp3 1140 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) | |
19 | uhgr3cyclex.v | . . 3 ⊢ 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺) | |
20 | 19, 4 | uhgr3cyclex 28265 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UHGraph ∧ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ (𝐴 ≠ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 ≠ 𝐶)) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → ∃𝑓∃𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (♯‘𝑓) = 3 ∧ (𝑝‘0) = 𝐴)) |
21 | 2, 3, 17, 18, 20 | syl121anc 1377 | 1 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ UMGraph ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑉) ∧ ({𝐴, 𝐵} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐵, 𝐶} ∈ 𝐸 ∧ {𝐶, 𝐴} ∈ 𝐸)) → ∃𝑓∃𝑝(𝑓(Cycles‘𝐺)𝑝 ∧ (♯‘𝑓) = 3 ∧ (𝑝‘0) = 𝐴)) |
Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
Syntax hints: → wi 4 ∧ wa 399 ∧ w3a 1089 = wceq 1543 ∃wex 1787 ∈ wcel 2110 ≠ wne 2940 {cpr 4543 class class class wbr 5053 ‘cfv 6380 0cc0 10729 3c3 11886 ♯chash 13896 Vtxcvtx 27087 Edgcedg 27138 UHGraphcuhgr 27147 UMGraphcumgr 27172 Cyclesccycls 27872 |
This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1803 ax-4 1817 ax-5 1918 ax-6 1976 ax-7 2016 ax-8 2112 ax-9 2120 ax-10 2141 ax-11 2158 ax-12 2175 ax-ext 2708 ax-rep 5179 ax-sep 5192 ax-nul 5199 ax-pow 5258 ax-pr 5322 ax-un 7523 ax-cnex 10785 ax-resscn 10786 ax-1cn 10787 ax-icn 10788 ax-addcl 10789 ax-addrcl 10790 ax-mulcl 10791 ax-mulrcl 10792 ax-mulcom 10793 ax-addass 10794 ax-mulass 10795 ax-distr 10796 ax-i2m1 10797 ax-1ne0 10798 ax-1rid 10799 ax-rnegex 10800 ax-rrecex 10801 ax-cnre 10802 ax-pre-lttri 10803 ax-pre-lttrn 10804 ax-pre-ltadd 10805 ax-pre-mulgt0 10806 |
This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 210 df-an 400 df-or 848 df-ifp 1064 df-3or 1090 df-3an 1091 df-tru 1546 df-fal 1556 df-ex 1788 df-nf 1792 df-sb 2071 df-mo 2539 df-eu 2568 df-clab 2715 df-cleq 2729 df-clel 2816 df-nfc 2886 df-ne 2941 df-nel 3047 df-ral 3066 df-rex 3067 df-reu 3068 df-rab 3070 df-v 3410 df-sbc 3695 df-csb 3812 df-dif 3869 df-un 3871 df-in 3873 df-ss 3883 df-pss 3885 df-nul 4238 df-if 4440 df-pw 4515 df-sn 4542 df-pr 4544 df-tp 4546 df-op 4548 df-uni 4820 df-int 4860 df-iun 4906 df-br 5054 df-opab 5116 df-mpt 5136 df-tr 5162 df-id 5455 df-eprel 5460 df-po 5468 df-so 5469 df-fr 5509 df-we 5511 df-xp 5557 df-rel 5558 df-cnv 5559 df-co 5560 df-dm 5561 df-rn 5562 df-res 5563 df-ima 5564 df-pred 6160 df-ord 6216 df-on 6217 df-lim 6218 df-suc 6219 df-iota 6338 df-fun 6382 df-fn 6383 df-f 6384 df-f1 6385 df-fo 6386 df-f1o 6387 df-fv 6388 df-riota 7170 df-ov 7216 df-oprab 7217 df-mpo 7218 df-om 7645 df-1st 7761 df-2nd 7762 df-wrecs 8047 df-recs 8108 df-rdg 8146 df-1o 8202 df-oadd 8206 df-er 8391 df-map 8510 df-en 8627 df-dom 8628 df-sdom 8629 df-fin 8630 df-dju 9517 df-card 9555 df-pnf 10869 df-mnf 10870 df-xr 10871 df-ltxr 10872 df-le 10873 df-sub 11064 df-neg 11065 df-nn 11831 df-2 11893 df-3 11894 df-4 11895 df-n0 12091 df-z 12177 df-uz 12439 df-fz 13096 df-fzo 13239 df-hash 13897 df-word 14070 df-concat 14126 df-s1 14153 df-s2 14413 df-s3 14414 df-s4 14415 df-edg 27139 df-uhgr 27149 df-upgr 27173 df-umgr 27174 df-wlks 27687 df-trls 27780 df-pths 27803 df-cycls 27874 |
This theorem is referenced by: umgr3v3e3cycl 28267 3cyclfrgr 28371 cusgr3cyclex 32811 |
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