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| Mirrors > Home > ILE Home > Th. List > cvgratnn | GIF version | ||
| Description: Ratio test for convergence of a complex infinite series. If the ratio 𝐴 of the absolute values of successive terms in an infinite sequence 𝐹 is less than 1 for all terms, then the infinite sum of the terms of 𝐹 converges to a complex number. Although this theorem is similar to cvgratz 12277 and cvgratgt0 12278, the decision to index starting at one is not merely cosmetic, as proving convergence using climcvg1n 12094 is sensitive to how a sequence is indexed. (Contributed by NM, 26-Apr-2005.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 12-Nov-2022.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| cvgratnn.3 | ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ) |
| cvgratnn.4 | ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 < 1) |
| cvgratnn.gt0 | ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝐴) |
| cvgratnn.6 | ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (𝐹‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ) |
| cvgratnn.7 | ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (abs‘(𝐹‘(𝑘 + 1))) ≤ (𝐴 · (abs‘(𝐹‘𝑘)))) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| cvgratnn | ⊢ (𝜑 → seq1( + , 𝐹) ∈ dom ⇝ ) |
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | nnuz 9937 | . . 3 ⊢ ℕ = (ℤ≥‘1) | |
| 2 | 1zzd 9650 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 ∈ ℤ) | |
| 3 | cvgratnn.6 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (𝐹‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ) | |
| 4 | 1, 2, 3 | serf 10898 | . 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → seq1( + , 𝐹):ℕ⟶ℂ) |
| 5 | cvgratnn.3 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ) | |
| 6 | cvgratnn.gt0 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝐴) | |
| 7 | 5, 6 | elrpd 10073 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ+) |
| 8 | 7 | rprecred 10088 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → (1 / 𝐴) ∈ ℝ) |
| 9 | 1red 8331 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 ∈ ℝ) | |
| 10 | 8, 9 | resubcld 8698 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((1 / 𝐴) − 1) ∈ ℝ) |
| 11 | cvgratnn.4 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 < 1) | |
| 12 | 7 | reclt1d 10090 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 < 1 ↔ 1 < (1 / 𝐴))) |
| 13 | 11, 12 | mpbid 147 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 < (1 / 𝐴)) |
| 14 | 9, 8 | posdifd 8850 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → (1 < (1 / 𝐴) ↔ 0 < ((1 / 𝐴) − 1))) |
| 15 | 13, 14 | mpbid 147 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) |
| 16 | 10, 15 | elrpd 10073 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((1 / 𝐴) − 1) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 17 | 16 | rpreccld 10087 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → (1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 18 | 17, 7 | rpdivcld 10094 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) / 𝐴) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 19 | fveq2 5690 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑘 = 1 → (𝐹‘𝑘) = (𝐹‘1)) | |
| 20 | 19 | eleq1d 2307 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑘 = 1 → ((𝐹‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ ↔ (𝐹‘1) ∈ ℂ)) |
| 21 | 3 | ralrimiva 2623 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑘 ∈ ℕ (𝐹‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ) |
| 22 | 1nn 9294 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ 1 ∈ ℕ | |
| 23 | 22 | a1i 9 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 ∈ ℕ) |
| 24 | 20, 21, 23 | rspcdva 2934 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹‘1) ∈ ℂ) |
| 25 | 24 | abscld 11925 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → (abs‘(𝐹‘1)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 26 | 24 | absge0d 11928 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 ≤ (abs‘(𝐹‘1))) |
| 27 | 25, 26 | ge0p1rpd 10107 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((abs‘(𝐹‘1)) + 1) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 28 | 18, 27 | rpmulcld 10093 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → (((1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) / 𝐴) · ((abs‘(𝐹‘1)) + 1)) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 29 | 9, 5 | resubcld 8698 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → (1 − 𝐴) ∈ ℝ) |
| 30 | 5, 9 | posdifd 8850 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 < 1 ↔ 0 < (1 − 𝐴))) |
| 31 | 11, 30 | mpbid 147 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < (1 − 𝐴)) |
| 32 | 29, 31 | elrpd 10073 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → (1 − 𝐴) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 33 | 7, 32 | rpdivcld 10094 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 / (1 − 𝐴)) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 34 | 28, 33 | rpmulcld 10093 | . 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((((1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) / 𝐴) · ((abs‘(𝐹‘1)) + 1)) · (𝐴 / (1 − 𝐴))) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 35 | 5 | adantr 276 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ) |
| 36 | 11 | adantr 276 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → 𝐴 < 1) |
| 37 | 6 | adantr 276 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → 0 < 𝐴) |
| 38 | 3 | adantlr 481 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (𝐹‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ) |
| 39 | cvgratnn.7 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (abs‘(𝐹‘(𝑘 + 1))) ≤ (𝐴 · (abs‘(𝐹‘𝑘)))) | |
| 40 | 39 | adantlr 481 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (abs‘(𝐹‘(𝑘 + 1))) ≤ (𝐴 · (abs‘(𝐹‘𝑘)))) |
| 41 | simprl 535 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → 𝑚 ∈ ℕ) | |
| 42 | simprr 537 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚)) | |
| 43 | 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42 | cvgratnnlemrate 12275 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → (abs‘((seq1( + , 𝐹)‘𝑛) − (seq1( + , 𝐹)‘𝑚))) < (((((1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) / 𝐴) · ((abs‘(𝐹‘1)) + 1)) · (𝐴 / (1 − 𝐴))) / 𝑚)) |
| 44 | 43 | ralrimivva 2632 | . 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∀𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚)(abs‘((seq1( + , 𝐹)‘𝑛) − (seq1( + , 𝐹)‘𝑚))) < (((((1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) / 𝐴) · ((abs‘(𝐹‘1)) + 1)) · (𝐴 / (1 − 𝐴))) / 𝑚)) |
| 45 | 4, 34, 44 | climcvg1n 12094 | 1 ⊢ (𝜑 → seq1( + , 𝐹) ∈ dom ⇝ ) |
| Colors of variables: wff set class |
| Syntax hints: → wi 4 ∧ wa 104 = wceq 1402 ∈ wcel 2209 class class class wbr 4125 dom cdm 4769 ‘cfv 5372 (class class class)co 6075 ℂcc 8167 ℝcr 8168 0cc0 8169 1c1 8170 + caddc 8172 · cmul 8174 < clt 8350 ≤ cle 8351 − cmin 8487 / cdiv 8992 ℕcn 9283 ℤ≥cuz 9900 seqcseq 10862 abscabs 11741 ⇝ cli 12022 |
| This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-ia1 106 ax-ia2 107 ax-ia3 108 ax-in1 623 ax-in2 624 ax-io 721 ax-5 1500 ax-7 1501 ax-gen 1502 ax-ie1 1546 ax-ie2 1547 ax-8 1557 ax-10 1558 ax-11 1559 ax-i12 1560 ax-bndl 1562 ax-4 1563 ax-17 1579 ax-i9 1583 ax-ial 1587 ax-i5r 1588 ax-14 2212 ax-ext 2220 ax-coll 4241 ax-sep 4244 ax-nul 4254 ax-pow 4306 ax-pr 4341 ax-un 4573 ax-setind 4679 ax-iinf 4730 ax-cnex 8260 ax-resscn 8261 ax-1cn 8262 ax-1re 8263 ax-icn 8264 ax-addcl 8265 ax-addrcl 8266 ax-mulcl 8267 ax-mulrcl 8268 ax-addcom 8269 ax-mulcom 8270 ax-addass 8271 ax-mulass 8272 ax-distr 8273 ax-i2m1 8274 ax-0lt1 8275 ax-1rid 8276 ax-0id 8277 ax-rnegex 8278 ax-precex 8279 ax-cnre 8280 ax-pre-ltirr 8281 ax-pre-ltwlin 8282 ax-pre-lttrn 8283 ax-pre-apti 8284 ax-pre-ltadd 8285 ax-pre-mulgt0 8286 ax-pre-mulext 8287 ax-arch 8288 ax-caucvg 8289 |
| This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 117 df-dc 847 df-3or 1010 df-3an 1011 df-tru 1405 df-fal 1408 df-nf 1514 df-sb 1816 df-eu 2089 df-mo 2090 df-clab 2225 df-cleq 2231 df-clel 2234 df-nfc 2381 df-ne 2421 df-nel 2516 df-ral 2533 df-rex 2534 df-reu 2535 df-rmo 2536 df-rab 2537 df-v 2823 df-sbc 3052 df-csb 3148 df-dif 3222 df-un 3224 df-in 3226 df-ss 3233 df-nul 3521 df-if 3636 df-pw 3687 df-sn 3711 df-pr 3712 df-op 3714 df-uni 3931 df-int 3966 df-iun 4009 df-br 4126 df-opab 4188 df-mpt 4189 df-tr 4225 df-id 4433 df-po 4436 df-iso 4437 df-iord 4506 df-on 4508 df-ilim 4509 df-suc 4511 df-iom 4733 df-xp 4775 df-rel 4776 df-cnv 4777 df-co 4778 df-dm 4779 df-rn 4780 df-res 4781 df-ima 4782 df-iota 5332 df-fun 5374 df-fn 5375 df-f 5376 df-f1 5377 df-fo 5378 df-f1o 5379 df-fv 5380 df-isom 5381 df-riota 6028 df-ov 6078 df-oprab 6079 df-mpo 6080 df-1st 6364 df-2nd 6365 df-recs 6566 df-irdg 6631 df-frec 6652 df-1o 6677 df-oadd 6681 df-er 6797 df-en 7013 df-dom 7014 df-fin 7015 df-pnf 8352 df-mnf 8353 df-xr 8354 df-ltxr 8355 df-le 8356 df-sub 8489 df-neg 8490 df-reap 8893 df-ap 8900 df-div 8993 df-inn 9284 df-2 9342 df-3 9343 df-4 9344 df-n0 9543 df-z 9624 df-uz 9901 df-q 9999 df-rp 10034 df-ico 10275 df-fz 10391 df-fzo 10528 df-seqfrec 10863 df-exp 10954 df-ihash 11193 df-cj 11585 df-re 11586 df-im 11587 df-rsqrt 11742 df-abs 11743 df-clim 12023 df-sumdc 12098 |
| This theorem is referenced by: cvgratz 12277 |
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