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| Mirrors > Home > ILE Home > Th. List > cvgratnn | GIF version | ||
| Description: Ratio test for convergence of a complex infinite series. If the ratio 𝐴 of the absolute values of successive terms in an infinite sequence 𝐹 is less than 1 for all terms, then the infinite sum of the terms of 𝐹 converges to a complex number. Although this theorem is similar to cvgratz 12218 and cvgratgt0 12219, the decision to index starting at one is not merely cosmetic, as proving convergence using climcvg1n 12035 is sensitive to how a sequence is indexed. (Contributed by NM, 26-Apr-2005.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 12-Nov-2022.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| cvgratnn.3 | ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ) |
| cvgratnn.4 | ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 < 1) |
| cvgratnn.gt0 | ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝐴) |
| cvgratnn.6 | ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (𝐹‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ) |
| cvgratnn.7 | ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (abs‘(𝐹‘(𝑘 + 1))) ≤ (𝐴 · (abs‘(𝐹‘𝑘)))) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| cvgratnn | ⊢ (𝜑 → seq1( + , 𝐹) ∈ dom ⇝ ) |
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | nnuz 9890 | . . 3 ⊢ ℕ = (ℤ≥‘1) | |
| 2 | 1zzd 9604 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 ∈ ℤ) | |
| 3 | cvgratnn.6 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (𝐹‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ) | |
| 4 | 1, 2, 3 | serf 10845 | . 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → seq1( + , 𝐹):ℕ⟶ℂ) |
| 5 | cvgratnn.3 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ) | |
| 6 | cvgratnn.gt0 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝐴) | |
| 7 | 5, 6 | elrpd 10026 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ+) |
| 8 | 7 | rprecred 10041 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → (1 / 𝐴) ∈ ℝ) |
| 9 | 1red 8289 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 ∈ ℝ) | |
| 10 | 8, 9 | resubcld 8654 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((1 / 𝐴) − 1) ∈ ℝ) |
| 11 | cvgratnn.4 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 < 1) | |
| 12 | 7 | reclt1d 10043 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 < 1 ↔ 1 < (1 / 𝐴))) |
| 13 | 11, 12 | mpbid 147 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 < (1 / 𝐴)) |
| 14 | 9, 8 | posdifd 8806 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → (1 < (1 / 𝐴) ↔ 0 < ((1 / 𝐴) − 1))) |
| 15 | 13, 14 | mpbid 147 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) |
| 16 | 10, 15 | elrpd 10026 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((1 / 𝐴) − 1) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 17 | 16 | rpreccld 10040 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → (1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 18 | 17, 7 | rpdivcld 10047 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) / 𝐴) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 19 | fveq2 5670 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑘 = 1 → (𝐹‘𝑘) = (𝐹‘1)) | |
| 20 | 19 | eleq1d 2301 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑘 = 1 → ((𝐹‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ ↔ (𝐹‘1) ∈ ℂ)) |
| 21 | 3 | ralrimiva 2615 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑘 ∈ ℕ (𝐹‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ) |
| 22 | 1nn 9248 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ 1 ∈ ℕ | |
| 23 | 22 | a1i 9 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 ∈ ℕ) |
| 24 | 20, 21, 23 | rspcdva 2926 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹‘1) ∈ ℂ) |
| 25 | 24 | abscld 11866 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → (abs‘(𝐹‘1)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 26 | 24 | absge0d 11869 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 ≤ (abs‘(𝐹‘1))) |
| 27 | 25, 26 | ge0p1rpd 10060 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((abs‘(𝐹‘1)) + 1) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 28 | 18, 27 | rpmulcld 10046 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → (((1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) / 𝐴) · ((abs‘(𝐹‘1)) + 1)) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 29 | 9, 5 | resubcld 8654 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → (1 − 𝐴) ∈ ℝ) |
| 30 | 5, 9 | posdifd 8806 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 < 1 ↔ 0 < (1 − 𝐴))) |
| 31 | 11, 30 | mpbid 147 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < (1 − 𝐴)) |
| 32 | 29, 31 | elrpd 10026 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → (1 − 𝐴) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 33 | 7, 32 | rpdivcld 10047 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 / (1 − 𝐴)) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 34 | 28, 33 | rpmulcld 10046 | . 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((((1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) / 𝐴) · ((abs‘(𝐹‘1)) + 1)) · (𝐴 / (1 − 𝐴))) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 35 | 5 | adantr 276 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ) |
| 36 | 11 | adantr 276 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → 𝐴 < 1) |
| 37 | 6 | adantr 276 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → 0 < 𝐴) |
| 38 | 3 | adantlr 477 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (𝐹‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ) |
| 39 | cvgratnn.7 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (abs‘(𝐹‘(𝑘 + 1))) ≤ (𝐴 · (abs‘(𝐹‘𝑘)))) | |
| 40 | 39 | adantlr 477 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℕ) → (abs‘(𝐹‘(𝑘 + 1))) ≤ (𝐴 · (abs‘(𝐹‘𝑘)))) |
| 41 | simprl 531 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → 𝑚 ∈ ℕ) | |
| 42 | simprr 533 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚)) | |
| 43 | 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42 | cvgratnnlemrate 12216 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚))) → (abs‘((seq1( + , 𝐹)‘𝑛) − (seq1( + , 𝐹)‘𝑚))) < (((((1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) / 𝐴) · ((abs‘(𝐹‘1)) + 1)) · (𝐴 / (1 − 𝐴))) / 𝑚)) |
| 44 | 43 | ralrimivva 2624 | . 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑚 ∈ ℕ ∀𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝑚)(abs‘((seq1( + , 𝐹)‘𝑛) − (seq1( + , 𝐹)‘𝑚))) < (((((1 / ((1 / 𝐴) − 1)) / 𝐴) · ((abs‘(𝐹‘1)) + 1)) · (𝐴 / (1 − 𝐴))) / 𝑚)) |
| 45 | 4, 34, 44 | climcvg1n 12035 | 1 ⊢ (𝜑 → seq1( + , 𝐹) ∈ dom ⇝ ) |
| Colors of variables: wff set class |
| Syntax hints: → wi 4 ∧ wa 104 = wceq 1398 ∈ wcel 2203 class class class wbr 4109 dom cdm 4749 ‘cfv 5352 (class class class)co 6050 ℂcc 8125 ℝcr 8126 0cc0 8127 1c1 8128 + caddc 8130 · cmul 8132 < clt 8308 ≤ cle 8309 − cmin 8444 / cdiv 8946 ℕcn 9237 ℤ≥cuz 9853 seqcseq 10809 abscabs 11682 ⇝ cli 11963 |
| This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-ia1 106 ax-ia2 107 ax-ia3 108 ax-in1 619 ax-in2 620 ax-io 717 ax-5 1496 ax-7 1497 ax-gen 1498 ax-ie1 1542 ax-ie2 1543 ax-8 1553 ax-10 1554 ax-11 1555 ax-i12 1556 ax-bndl 1558 ax-4 1559 ax-17 1575 ax-i9 1579 ax-ial 1583 ax-i5r 1584 ax-13 2205 ax-14 2206 ax-ext 2214 ax-coll 4225 ax-sep 4228 ax-nul 4236 ax-pow 4287 ax-pr 4322 ax-un 4554 ax-setind 4659 ax-iinf 4710 ax-cnex 8218 ax-resscn 8219 ax-1cn 8220 ax-1re 8221 ax-icn 8222 ax-addcl 8223 ax-addrcl 8224 ax-mulcl 8225 ax-mulrcl 8226 ax-addcom 8227 ax-mulcom 8228 ax-addass 8229 ax-mulass 8230 ax-distr 8231 ax-i2m1 8232 ax-0lt1 8233 ax-1rid 8234 ax-0id 8235 ax-rnegex 8236 ax-precex 8237 ax-cnre 8238 ax-pre-ltirr 8239 ax-pre-ltwlin 8240 ax-pre-lttrn 8241 ax-pre-apti 8242 ax-pre-ltadd 8243 ax-pre-mulgt0 8244 ax-pre-mulext 8245 ax-arch 8246 ax-caucvg 8247 |
| This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 117 df-dc 843 df-3or 1006 df-3an 1007 df-tru 1401 df-fal 1404 df-nf 1510 df-sb 1812 df-eu 2083 df-mo 2084 df-clab 2219 df-cleq 2225 df-clel 2228 df-nfc 2373 df-ne 2413 df-nel 2508 df-ral 2525 df-rex 2526 df-reu 2527 df-rmo 2528 df-rab 2529 df-v 2815 df-sbc 3043 df-csb 3139 df-dif 3213 df-un 3215 df-in 3217 df-ss 3224 df-nul 3509 df-if 3621 df-pw 3671 df-sn 3695 df-pr 3696 df-op 3698 df-uni 3915 df-int 3950 df-iun 3993 df-br 4110 df-opab 4172 df-mpt 4173 df-tr 4209 df-id 4414 df-po 4417 df-iso 4418 df-iord 4487 df-on 4489 df-ilim 4490 df-suc 4492 df-iom 4713 df-xp 4755 df-rel 4756 df-cnv 4757 df-co 4758 df-dm 4759 df-rn 4760 df-res 4761 df-ima 4762 df-iota 5312 df-fun 5354 df-fn 5355 df-f 5356 df-f1 5357 df-fo 5358 df-f1o 5359 df-fv 5360 df-isom 5361 df-riota 6003 df-ov 6053 df-oprab 6054 df-mpo 6055 df-1st 6334 df-2nd 6335 df-recs 6536 df-irdg 6601 df-frec 6622 df-1o 6647 df-oadd 6651 df-er 6767 df-en 6976 df-dom 6977 df-fin 6978 df-pnf 8310 df-mnf 8311 df-xr 8312 df-ltxr 8313 df-le 8314 df-sub 8446 df-neg 8447 df-reap 8849 df-ap 8856 df-div 8947 df-inn 9238 df-2 9296 df-3 9297 df-4 9298 df-n0 9497 df-z 9578 df-uz 9854 df-q 9952 df-rp 9987 df-ico 10227 df-fz 10343 df-fzo 10477 df-seqfrec 10810 df-exp 10901 df-ihash 11139 df-cj 11527 df-re 11528 df-im 11529 df-rsqrt 11683 df-abs 11684 df-clim 11964 df-sumdc 12039 |
| This theorem is referenced by: cvgratz 12218 |
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