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Theorem eucalg 16588
Description: Euclid's Algorithm computes the greatest common divisor of two nonnegative integers by repeatedly replacing the larger of them with its remainder modulo the smaller until the remainder is 0. Theorem 1.15 in [ApostolNT] p. 20.

Upon halting, the first member of the final state (𝑅𝑁) is equal to the gcd of the values comprising the input state 𝑀, 𝑁. This is Metamath 100 proof #69 (greatest common divisor algorithm). (Contributed by Paul Chapman, 31-Mar-2011.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 29-May-2014.)

Hypotheses
Ref Expression
eucalgval.1 𝐸 = (𝑥 ∈ ℕ0, 𝑦 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑦 = 0, ⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩, ⟨𝑦, (𝑥 mod 𝑦)⟩))
eucalg.2 𝑅 = seq0((𝐸 ∘ 1st ), (ℕ0 × {𝐴}))
eucalg.3 𝐴 = ⟨𝑀, 𝑁
Assertion
Ref Expression
eucalg ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) = (𝑀 gcd 𝑁))
Distinct variable groups:   𝑥,𝑦,𝑀   𝑥,𝑁,𝑦   𝑥,𝐴,𝑦   𝑥,𝑅
Allowed substitution hints:   𝑅(𝑦)   𝐸(𝑥,𝑦)

Proof of Theorem eucalg
Dummy variable 𝑧 is distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 nn0uz 12916 . . . . . . . 8 0 = (ℤ‘0)
2 eucalg.2 . . . . . . . 8 𝑅 = seq0((𝐸 ∘ 1st ), (ℕ0 × {𝐴}))
3 0zd 12622 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → 0 ∈ ℤ)
4 eucalg.3 . . . . . . . . 9 𝐴 = ⟨𝑀, 𝑁
5 opelxpi 5719 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩ ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))
64, 5eqeltrid 2830 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → 𝐴 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))
7 eucalgval.1 . . . . . . . . . 10 𝐸 = (𝑥 ∈ ℕ0, 𝑦 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ if(𝑦 = 0, ⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩, ⟨𝑦, (𝑥 mod 𝑦)⟩))
87eucalgf 16584 . . . . . . . . 9 𝐸:(ℕ0 × ℕ0)⟶(ℕ0 × ℕ0)
98a1i 11 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → 𝐸:(ℕ0 × ℕ0)⟶(ℕ0 × ℕ0))
101, 2, 3, 6, 9algrf 16574 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → 𝑅:ℕ0⟶(ℕ0 × ℕ0))
11 ffvelcdm 7095 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑅:ℕ0⟶(ℕ0 × ℕ0) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑅𝑁) ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))
1210, 11sylancom 586 . . . . . 6 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑅𝑁) ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))
13 1st2nd2 8042 . . . . . 6 ((𝑅𝑁) ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → (𝑅𝑁) = ⟨(1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)), (2nd ‘(𝑅𝑁))⟩)
1412, 13syl 17 . . . . 5 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑅𝑁) = ⟨(1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)), (2nd ‘(𝑅𝑁))⟩)
1514fveq2d 6905 . . . 4 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → ( gcd ‘(𝑅𝑁)) = ( gcd ‘⟨(1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)), (2nd ‘(𝑅𝑁))⟩))
16 df-ov 7427 . . . 4 ((1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) gcd (2nd ‘(𝑅𝑁))) = ( gcd ‘⟨(1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)), (2nd ‘(𝑅𝑁))⟩)
1715, 16eqtr4di 2784 . . 3 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → ( gcd ‘(𝑅𝑁)) = ((1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) gcd (2nd ‘(𝑅𝑁))))
184fveq2i 6904 . . . . . . . 8 (2nd𝐴) = (2nd ‘⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩)
19 op2ndg 8016 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (2nd ‘⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = 𝑁)
2018, 19eqtrid 2778 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (2nd𝐴) = 𝑁)
2120fveq2d 6905 . . . . . 6 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑅‘(2nd𝐴)) = (𝑅𝑁))
2221fveq2d 6905 . . . . 5 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (2nd ‘(𝑅‘(2nd𝐴))) = (2nd ‘(𝑅𝑁)))
23 xp2nd 8036 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝐴 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → (2nd𝐴) ∈ ℕ0)
2423nn0zd 12636 . . . . . . . 8 (𝐴 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → (2nd𝐴) ∈ ℤ)
25 uzid 12889 . . . . . . . 8 ((2nd𝐴) ∈ ℤ → (2nd𝐴) ∈ (ℤ‘(2nd𝐴)))
2624, 25syl 17 . . . . . . 7 (𝐴 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → (2nd𝐴) ∈ (ℤ‘(2nd𝐴)))
27 eqid 2726 . . . . . . . 8 (2nd𝐴) = (2nd𝐴)
287, 2, 27eucalgcvga 16587 . . . . . . 7 (𝐴 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → ((2nd𝐴) ∈ (ℤ‘(2nd𝐴)) → (2nd ‘(𝑅‘(2nd𝐴))) = 0))
2926, 28mpd 15 . . . . . 6 (𝐴 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → (2nd ‘(𝑅‘(2nd𝐴))) = 0)
306, 29syl 17 . . . . 5 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (2nd ‘(𝑅‘(2nd𝐴))) = 0)
3122, 30eqtr3d 2768 . . . 4 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (2nd ‘(𝑅𝑁)) = 0)
3231oveq2d 7440 . . 3 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → ((1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) gcd (2nd ‘(𝑅𝑁))) = ((1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) gcd 0))
33 xp1st 8035 . . . 4 ((𝑅𝑁) ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → (1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) ∈ ℕ0)
34 nn0gcdid0 16521 . . . 4 ((1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) ∈ ℕ0 → ((1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) gcd 0) = (1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)))
3512, 33, 343syl 18 . . 3 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → ((1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) gcd 0) = (1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)))
3617, 32, 353eqtrrd 2771 . 2 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) = ( gcd ‘(𝑅𝑁)))
377eucalginv 16585 . . . . . 6 (𝑧 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → ( gcd ‘(𝐸𝑧)) = ( gcd ‘𝑧))
388ffvelcdmi 7097 . . . . . . 7 (𝑧 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → (𝐸𝑧) ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))
3938fvresd 6921 . . . . . 6 (𝑧 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → (( gcd ↾ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))‘(𝐸𝑧)) = ( gcd ‘(𝐸𝑧)))
40 fvres 6920 . . . . . 6 (𝑧 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → (( gcd ↾ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))‘𝑧) = ( gcd ‘𝑧))
4137, 39, 403eqtr4d 2776 . . . . 5 (𝑧 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) → (( gcd ↾ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))‘(𝐸𝑧)) = (( gcd ↾ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))‘𝑧))
422, 8, 41alginv 16576 . . . 4 ((𝐴 ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (( gcd ↾ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))‘(𝑅𝑁)) = (( gcd ↾ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))‘(𝑅‘0)))
436, 42sylancom 586 . . 3 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (( gcd ↾ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))‘(𝑅𝑁)) = (( gcd ↾ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))‘(𝑅‘0)))
4412fvresd 6921 . . 3 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (( gcd ↾ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))‘(𝑅𝑁)) = ( gcd ‘(𝑅𝑁)))
45 0nn0 12539 . . . . 5 0 ∈ ℕ0
46 ffvelcdm 7095 . . . . 5 ((𝑅:ℕ0⟶(ℕ0 × ℕ0) ∧ 0 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑅‘0) ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))
4710, 45, 46sylancl 584 . . . 4 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑅‘0) ∈ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))
4847fvresd 6921 . . 3 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (( gcd ↾ (ℕ0 × ℕ0))‘(𝑅‘0)) = ( gcd ‘(𝑅‘0)))
4943, 44, 483eqtr3d 2774 . 2 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → ( gcd ‘(𝑅𝑁)) = ( gcd ‘(𝑅‘0)))
501, 2, 3, 6algr0 16573 . . . . 5 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑅‘0) = 𝐴)
5150, 4eqtrdi 2782 . . . 4 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑅‘0) = ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩)
5251fveq2d 6905 . . 3 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → ( gcd ‘(𝑅‘0)) = ( gcd ‘⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩))
53 df-ov 7427 . . 3 (𝑀 gcd 𝑁) = ( gcd ‘⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩)
5452, 53eqtr4di 2784 . 2 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → ( gcd ‘(𝑅‘0)) = (𝑀 gcd 𝑁))
5536, 49, 543eqtrd 2770 1 ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (1st ‘(𝑅𝑁)) = (𝑀 gcd 𝑁))
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
Syntax hints:  wi 4  wa 394   = wceq 1534  wcel 2099  ifcif 4533  {csn 4633  cop 4639   × cxp 5680  cres 5684  ccom 5686  wf 6550  cfv 6554  (class class class)co 7424  cmpo 7426  1st c1st 8001  2nd c2nd 8002  0cc0 11158  0cn0 12524  cz 12610  cuz 12874   mod cmo 13889  seqcseq 14021   gcd cgcd 16494
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1790  ax-4 1804  ax-5 1906  ax-6 1964  ax-7 2004  ax-8 2101  ax-9 2109  ax-10 2130  ax-11 2147  ax-12 2167  ax-ext 2697  ax-sep 5304  ax-nul 5311  ax-pow 5369  ax-pr 5433  ax-un 7746  ax-cnex 11214  ax-resscn 11215  ax-1cn 11216  ax-icn 11217  ax-addcl 11218  ax-addrcl 11219  ax-mulcl 11220  ax-mulrcl 11221  ax-mulcom 11222  ax-addass 11223  ax-mulass 11224  ax-distr 11225  ax-i2m1 11226  ax-1ne0 11227  ax-1rid 11228  ax-rnegex 11229  ax-rrecex 11230  ax-cnre 11231  ax-pre-lttri 11232  ax-pre-lttrn 11233  ax-pre-ltadd 11234  ax-pre-mulgt0 11235  ax-pre-sup 11236
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 206  df-an 395  df-or 846  df-3or 1085  df-3an 1086  df-tru 1537  df-fal 1547  df-ex 1775  df-nf 1779  df-sb 2061  df-mo 2529  df-eu 2558  df-clab 2704  df-cleq 2718  df-clel 2803  df-nfc 2878  df-ne 2931  df-nel 3037  df-ral 3052  df-rex 3061  df-rmo 3364  df-reu 3365  df-rab 3420  df-v 3464  df-sbc 3777  df-csb 3893  df-dif 3950  df-un 3952  df-in 3954  df-ss 3964  df-pss 3967  df-nul 4326  df-if 4534  df-pw 4609  df-sn 4634  df-pr 4636  df-op 4640  df-uni 4914  df-iun 5003  df-br 5154  df-opab 5216  df-mpt 5237  df-tr 5271  df-id 5580  df-eprel 5586  df-po 5594  df-so 5595  df-fr 5637  df-we 5639  df-xp 5688  df-rel 5689  df-cnv 5690  df-co 5691  df-dm 5692  df-rn 5693  df-res 5694  df-ima 5695  df-pred 6312  df-ord 6379  df-on 6380  df-lim 6381  df-suc 6382  df-iota 6506  df-fun 6556  df-fn 6557  df-f 6558  df-f1 6559  df-fo 6560  df-f1o 6561  df-fv 6562  df-riota 7380  df-ov 7427  df-oprab 7428  df-mpo 7429  df-om 7877  df-1st 8003  df-2nd 8004  df-frecs 8296  df-wrecs 8327  df-recs 8401  df-rdg 8440  df-er 8734  df-en 8975  df-dom 8976  df-sdom 8977  df-sup 9485  df-inf 9486  df-pnf 11300  df-mnf 11301  df-xr 11302  df-ltxr 11303  df-le 11304  df-sub 11496  df-neg 11497  df-div 11922  df-nn 12265  df-2 12327  df-3 12328  df-n0 12525  df-z 12611  df-uz 12875  df-rp 13029  df-fz 13539  df-fl 13812  df-mod 13890  df-seq 14022  df-exp 14082  df-cj 15104  df-re 15105  df-im 15106  df-sqrt 15240  df-abs 15241  df-dvds 16257  df-gcd 16495
This theorem is referenced by: (None)
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