ILE Home Intuitionistic Logic Explorer < Previous   Next >
Nearby theorems
Mirrors  >  Home  >  ILE Home  >  Th. List  >  lcmval GIF version

Theorem lcmval 12231
Description: Value of the lcm operator. (𝑀 lcm 𝑁) is the least common multiple of 𝑀 and 𝑁. If either 𝑀 or 𝑁 is 0, the result is defined conventionally as 0. Contrast with df-gcd 12121 and gcdval 12126. (Contributed by Steve Rodriguez, 20-Jan-2020.) (Revised by AV, 16-Sep-2020.)
Assertion
Ref Expression
lcmval ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑀 lcm 𝑁) = if((𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)}, ℝ, < )))
Distinct variable groups:   𝑛,𝑀   𝑛,𝑁

Proof of Theorem lcmval
Dummy variables 𝑥 𝑦 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 df-lcm 12229 . . 3 lcm = (𝑥 ∈ ℤ, 𝑦 ∈ ℤ ↦ if((𝑥 = 0 ∨ 𝑦 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑥𝑛𝑦𝑛)}, ℝ, < )))
21a1i 9 . 2 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → lcm = (𝑥 ∈ ℤ, 𝑦 ∈ ℤ ↦ if((𝑥 = 0 ∨ 𝑦 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑥𝑛𝑦𝑛)}, ℝ, < ))))
3 eqeq1 2203 . . . . . 6 (𝑥 = 𝑀 → (𝑥 = 0 ↔ 𝑀 = 0))
43orbi1d 792 . . . . 5 (𝑥 = 𝑀 → ((𝑥 = 0 ∨ 𝑦 = 0) ↔ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑦 = 0)))
5 breq1 4036 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑥 = 𝑀 → (𝑥𝑛𝑀𝑛))
65anbi1d 465 . . . . . . 7 (𝑥 = 𝑀 → ((𝑥𝑛𝑦𝑛) ↔ (𝑀𝑛𝑦𝑛)))
76rabbidv 2752 . . . . . 6 (𝑥 = 𝑀 → {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑥𝑛𝑦𝑛)} = {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑦𝑛)})
87infeq1d 7078 . . . . 5 (𝑥 = 𝑀 → inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑥𝑛𝑦𝑛)}, ℝ, < ) = inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑦𝑛)}, ℝ, < ))
94, 8ifbieq2d 3585 . . . 4 (𝑥 = 𝑀 → if((𝑥 = 0 ∨ 𝑦 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑥𝑛𝑦𝑛)}, ℝ, < )) = if((𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑦 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑦𝑛)}, ℝ, < )))
10 eqeq1 2203 . . . . . 6 (𝑦 = 𝑁 → (𝑦 = 0 ↔ 𝑁 = 0))
1110orbi2d 791 . . . . 5 (𝑦 = 𝑁 → ((𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑦 = 0) ↔ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)))
12 breq1 4036 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑦 = 𝑁 → (𝑦𝑛𝑁𝑛))
1312anbi2d 464 . . . . . . 7 (𝑦 = 𝑁 → ((𝑀𝑛𝑦𝑛) ↔ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)))
1413rabbidv 2752 . . . . . 6 (𝑦 = 𝑁 → {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑦𝑛)} = {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)})
1514infeq1d 7078 . . . . 5 (𝑦 = 𝑁 → inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑦𝑛)}, ℝ, < ) = inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)}, ℝ, < ))
1611, 15ifbieq2d 3585 . . . 4 (𝑦 = 𝑁 → if((𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑦 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑦𝑛)}, ℝ, < )) = if((𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)}, ℝ, < )))
179, 16sylan9eq 2249 . . 3 ((𝑥 = 𝑀𝑦 = 𝑁) → if((𝑥 = 0 ∨ 𝑦 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑥𝑛𝑦𝑛)}, ℝ, < )) = if((𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)}, ℝ, < )))
1817adantl 277 . 2 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ (𝑥 = 𝑀𝑦 = 𝑁)) → if((𝑥 = 0 ∨ 𝑦 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑥𝑛𝑦𝑛)}, ℝ, < )) = if((𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)}, ℝ, < )))
19 simpl 109 . 2 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)
20 simpr 110 . 2 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)
21 c0ex 8020 . . . 4 0 ∈ V
2221a1i 9 . . 3 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 0 ∈ V)
23 1zzd 9353 . . . . 5 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 1 ∈ ℤ)
24 nnuz 9637 . . . . . 6 ℕ = (ℤ‘1)
2524rabeqi 2756 . . . . 5 {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)} = {𝑛 ∈ (ℤ‘1) ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)}
26 dvdsmul1 11978 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → 𝑀 ∥ (𝑀 · 𝑁))
2726adantr 276 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 𝑀 ∥ (𝑀 · 𝑁))
28 simpll 527 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)
29 simplr 528 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)
3028, 29zmulcld 9454 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → (𝑀 · 𝑁) ∈ ℤ)
31 dvdsabsb 11975 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ (𝑀 · 𝑁) ∈ ℤ) → (𝑀 ∥ (𝑀 · 𝑁) ↔ 𝑀 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁))))
3228, 30, 31syl2anc 411 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → (𝑀 ∥ (𝑀 · 𝑁) ↔ 𝑀 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁))))
3327, 32mpbid 147 . . . . . 6 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 𝑀 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)))
34 dvdsmul2 11979 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → 𝑁 ∥ (𝑀 · 𝑁))
3534adantr 276 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 𝑁 ∥ (𝑀 · 𝑁))
36 dvdsabsb 11975 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ (𝑀 · 𝑁) ∈ ℤ) → (𝑁 ∥ (𝑀 · 𝑁) ↔ 𝑁 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁))))
3729, 30, 36syl2anc 411 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → (𝑁 ∥ (𝑀 · 𝑁) ↔ 𝑁 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁))))
3835, 37mpbid 147 . . . . . 6 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 𝑁 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)))
3928zcnd 9449 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 𝑀 ∈ ℂ)
4029zcnd 9449 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℂ)
4139, 40absmuld 11359 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) = ((abs‘𝑀) · (abs‘𝑁)))
42 simpr 110 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0))
43 ioran 753 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 (¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0) ↔ (¬ 𝑀 = 0 ∧ ¬ 𝑁 = 0))
4442, 43sylib 122 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → (¬ 𝑀 = 0 ∧ ¬ 𝑁 = 0))
4544simpld 112 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → ¬ 𝑀 = 0)
4645neneqad 2446 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 𝑀 ≠ 0)
47 nnabscl 11265 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑀 ≠ 0) → (abs‘𝑀) ∈ ℕ)
4828, 46, 47syl2anc 411 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → (abs‘𝑀) ∈ ℕ)
4944simprd 114 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → ¬ 𝑁 = 0)
5049neneqad 2446 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → 𝑁 ≠ 0)
51 nnabscl 11265 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ≠ 0) → (abs‘𝑁) ∈ ℕ)
5229, 50, 51syl2anc 411 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → (abs‘𝑁) ∈ ℕ)
5348, 52nnmulcld 9039 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → ((abs‘𝑀) · (abs‘𝑁)) ∈ ℕ)
5441, 53eqeltrd 2273 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) ∈ ℕ)
55 breq2 4037 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝑛 = (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) → (𝑀𝑛𝑀 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁))))
56 breq2 4037 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝑛 = (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) → (𝑁𝑛𝑁 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁))))
5755, 56anbi12d 473 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑛 = (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) → ((𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛) ↔ (𝑀 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) ∧ 𝑁 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)))))
5857elrab3 2921 . . . . . . 7 ((abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) ∈ ℕ → ((abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) ∈ {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)} ↔ (𝑀 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) ∧ 𝑁 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)))))
5954, 58syl 14 . . . . . 6 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → ((abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) ∈ {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)} ↔ (𝑀 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) ∧ 𝑁 ∥ (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)))))
6033, 38, 59mpbir2and 946 . . . . 5 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → (abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)) ∈ {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)})
61 elfzelz 10100 . . . . . . 7 (𝑛 ∈ (1...(abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁))) → 𝑛 ∈ ℤ)
62 zdvdsdc 11977 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ ℤ) → DECID 𝑀𝑛)
6328, 61, 62syl2an 289 . . . . . 6 ((((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (1...(abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)))) → DECID 𝑀𝑛)
64 zdvdsdc 11977 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑛 ∈ ℤ) → DECID 𝑁𝑛)
6529, 61, 64syl2an 289 . . . . . 6 ((((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (1...(abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)))) → DECID 𝑁𝑛)
6663, 65dcand 934 . . . . 5 ((((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) ∧ 𝑛 ∈ (1...(abs‘(𝑀 · 𝑁)))) → DECID (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛))
6723, 25, 60, 66infssuzcldc 10325 . . . 4 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)}, ℝ, < ) ∈ {𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)})
6867elexd 2776 . . 3 (((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) ∧ ¬ (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0)) → inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)}, ℝ, < ) ∈ V)
69 lcmmndc 12230 . . 3 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → DECID (𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0))
7022, 68, 69ifcldadc 3590 . 2 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → if((𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)}, ℝ, < )) ∈ V)
712, 18, 19, 20, 70ovmpod 6050 1 ((𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑀 lcm 𝑁) = if((𝑀 = 0 ∨ 𝑁 = 0), 0, inf({𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∣ (𝑀𝑛𝑁𝑛)}, ℝ, < )))
Colors of variables: wff set class
Syntax hints:  ¬ wn 3  wi 4  wa 104  wb 105  wo 709  DECID wdc 835   = wceq 1364  wcel 2167  wne 2367  {crab 2479  Vcvv 2763  ifcif 3561   class class class wbr 4033  cfv 5258  (class class class)co 5922  cmpo 5924  infcinf 7049  cr 7878  0cc0 7879  1c1 7880   · cmul 7884   < clt 8061  cn 8990  cz 9326  cuz 9601  ...cfz 10083  abscabs 11162  cdvds 11952   lcm clcm 12228
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-ia1 106  ax-ia2 107  ax-ia3 108  ax-in1 615  ax-in2 616  ax-io 710  ax-5 1461  ax-7 1462  ax-gen 1463  ax-ie1 1507  ax-ie2 1508  ax-8 1518  ax-10 1519  ax-11 1520  ax-i12 1521  ax-bndl 1523  ax-4 1524  ax-17 1540  ax-i9 1544  ax-ial 1548  ax-i5r 1549  ax-13 2169  ax-14 2170  ax-ext 2178  ax-coll 4148  ax-sep 4151  ax-nul 4159  ax-pow 4207  ax-pr 4242  ax-un 4468  ax-setind 4573  ax-iinf 4624  ax-cnex 7970  ax-resscn 7971  ax-1cn 7972  ax-1re 7973  ax-icn 7974  ax-addcl 7975  ax-addrcl 7976  ax-mulcl 7977  ax-mulrcl 7978  ax-addcom 7979  ax-mulcom 7980  ax-addass 7981  ax-mulass 7982  ax-distr 7983  ax-i2m1 7984  ax-0lt1 7985  ax-1rid 7986  ax-0id 7987  ax-rnegex 7988  ax-precex 7989  ax-cnre 7990  ax-pre-ltirr 7991  ax-pre-ltwlin 7992  ax-pre-lttrn 7993  ax-pre-apti 7994  ax-pre-ltadd 7995  ax-pre-mulgt0 7996  ax-pre-mulext 7997  ax-arch 7998  ax-caucvg 7999
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 117  df-dc 836  df-3or 981  df-3an 982  df-tru 1367  df-fal 1370  df-nf 1475  df-sb 1777  df-eu 2048  df-mo 2049  df-clab 2183  df-cleq 2189  df-clel 2192  df-nfc 2328  df-ne 2368  df-nel 2463  df-ral 2480  df-rex 2481  df-reu 2482  df-rmo 2483  df-rab 2484  df-v 2765  df-sbc 2990  df-csb 3085  df-dif 3159  df-un 3161  df-in 3163  df-ss 3170  df-nul 3451  df-if 3562  df-pw 3607  df-sn 3628  df-pr 3629  df-op 3631  df-uni 3840  df-int 3875  df-iun 3918  df-br 4034  df-opab 4095  df-mpt 4096  df-tr 4132  df-id 4328  df-po 4331  df-iso 4332  df-iord 4401  df-on 4403  df-ilim 4404  df-suc 4406  df-iom 4627  df-xp 4669  df-rel 4670  df-cnv 4671  df-co 4672  df-dm 4673  df-rn 4674  df-res 4675  df-ima 4676  df-iota 5219  df-fun 5260  df-fn 5261  df-f 5262  df-f1 5263  df-fo 5264  df-f1o 5265  df-fv 5266  df-isom 5267  df-riota 5877  df-ov 5925  df-oprab 5926  df-mpo 5927  df-1st 6198  df-2nd 6199  df-recs 6363  df-frec 6449  df-sup 7050  df-inf 7051  df-pnf 8063  df-mnf 8064  df-xr 8065  df-ltxr 8066  df-le 8067  df-sub 8199  df-neg 8200  df-reap 8602  df-ap 8609  df-div 8700  df-inn 8991  df-2 9049  df-3 9050  df-4 9051  df-n0 9250  df-z 9327  df-uz 9602  df-q 9694  df-rp 9729  df-fz 10084  df-fzo 10218  df-fl 10360  df-mod 10415  df-seqfrec 10540  df-exp 10631  df-cj 11007  df-re 11008  df-im 11009  df-rsqrt 11163  df-abs 11164  df-dvds 11953  df-lcm 12229
This theorem is referenced by:  lcmcom  12232  lcm0val  12233  lcmn0val  12234  lcmass  12253
  Copyright terms: Public domain W3C validator