clwwlknclwwlkdifnum - Metamath Proof Explorer

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Theorem clwwlknclwwlkdifnum 27444

Description: In a 𝐾-regular graph, the size of the set 𝐴 of walks of length 𝑁 starting with a fixed vertex 𝑋 and ending not at this vertex is the difference between 𝐾 to the power of 𝑁 and the size of the set 𝐵 of closed walks of length 𝑁 anchored at this vertex 𝑋. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 30-Sep-2018.) (Revised by AV, 7-May-2021.) (Revised by AV, 8-Mar-2022.) (Proof shortened by AV, 16-Mar-2022.)

**Hypotheses**
Ref	Expression
clwwlknclwwlkdif.a	⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘0) = 𝑋 ∧ (lastS‘𝑤) ≠ 𝑋)}
clwwlknclwwlkdif.b	⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑋(𝑁 WWalksNOn 𝐺)𝑋)
clwwlknclwwlkdifnum.v	⊢ 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺)

**Assertion**
Ref	Expression
clwwlknclwwlkdifnum	⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘𝐴) = ((𝐾↑𝑁) − (♯‘𝐵)))

Distinct variable groups: 𝑤,𝐺 𝑤,𝑁 𝑤,𝑋 𝑤,𝐾 𝑤,𝑉 Allowed substitution hints: 𝐴(𝑤) 𝐵(𝑤)

**Proof of Theorem clwwlknclwwlkdifnum**
Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		clwwlknclwwlkdif.a	. . . . 5 ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘0) = 𝑋 ∧ (lastS‘𝑤) ≠ 𝑋)}
2		clwwlknclwwlkdif.b	. . . . 5 ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑋(𝑁 WWalksNOn 𝐺)𝑋)
3		eqid 2797	. . . . 5 ⊢ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}
4	1, 2, 3	clwwlknclwwlkdif 27443	. . . 4 ⊢ 𝐴 = ({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∖ 𝐵)
5	4	fveq2i 6548	. . 3 ⊢ (♯‘𝐴) = (♯‘({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∖ 𝐵))
6	5	a1i 11	. 2 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘𝐴) = (♯‘({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∖ 𝐵)))
7		clwwlknclwwlkdifnum.v	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺)
8	7	eleq1i 2875	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ↔ (Vtx‘𝐺) ∈ Fin)
9	8	biimpi 217	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑉 ∈ Fin → (Vtx‘𝐺) ∈ Fin)
10	9	adantl 482	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) → (Vtx‘𝐺) ∈ Fin)
11	10	adantr 481	. . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (Vtx‘𝐺) ∈ Fin)
12		wwlksnfi 27370	. . . 4 ⊢ ((Vtx‘𝐺) ∈ Fin → (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∈ Fin)
13		rabfi 8596	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∈ Fin → {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∈ Fin)
14	11, 12, 13	3syl 18	. . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∈ Fin)
15	7	iswwlksnon 27317	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑋(𝑁 WWalksNOn 𝐺)𝑋) = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘0) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋)}
16		ancom 461	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (((𝑤‘0) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋) ↔ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋))
17	16	rabbii 3421	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘0) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋)} = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)}
18	15, 17	eqtri 2821	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑋(𝑁 WWalksNOn 𝐺)𝑋) = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)}
19	18	a1i 11	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀) → (𝑋(𝑁 WWalksNOn 𝐺)𝑋) = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)})
20	2, 19	syl5eq 2845	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀) → 𝐵 = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)})
21		simpr 485	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋) → (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)
22	21	a1i 11	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) → (((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋) → (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋))
23	22	ss2rabi 3980	. . . . 5 ⊢ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)} ⊆ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}
24	20, 23	syl6eqss 3948	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀) → 𝐵 ⊆ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋})
25	24	adantl 482	. . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → 𝐵 ⊆ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋})
26		hashssdif 13625	. . 3 ⊢ (({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∈ Fin ∧ 𝐵 ⊆ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) → (♯‘({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∖ 𝐵)) = ((♯‘{𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) − (♯‘𝐵)))
27	14, 25, 26	syl2anc 584	. 2 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∖ 𝐵)) = ((♯‘{𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) − (♯‘𝐵)))
28		simpl 483	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) → 𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾)
29	28	adantr 481	. . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → 𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾)
30		simpr 485	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) → 𝑉 ∈ Fin)
31	30	adantr 481	. . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → 𝑉 ∈ Fin)
32		simpl 483	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀) → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)
33	32	adantl 482	. . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)
34		simpr 485	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)
35	34	adantl 482	. . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)
36	7	rusgrnumwwlkg 27441	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘{𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) = (𝐾↑𝑁))
37	29, 31, 33, 35, 36	syl13anc 1365	. . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘{𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) = (𝐾↑𝑁))
38	37	oveq1d 7038	. 2 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → ((♯‘{𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) − (♯‘𝐵)) = ((𝐾↑𝑁) − (♯‘𝐵)))
39	6, 27, 38	3eqtrd 2837	1 ⊢ (((𝐺RegUSGraph𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘𝐴) = ((𝐾↑𝑁) − (♯‘𝐵)))

Colors of variables: wff setvar class

Syntax hints: → wi 4 ∧ wa 396 = wceq 1525 ∈ wcel 2083 ≠ wne 2986 {crab 3111 ∖ cdif 3862 ⊆ wss 3865 class class class wbr 4968 ‘cfv 6232 (class class class)co 7023 Fincfn 8364 0cc0 10390 − cmin 10723 ℕ₀cn0 11751 ↑cexp 13283 ♯chash 13544 lastSclsw 13764 Vtxcvtx 26468 RegUSGraphcrusgr 27025 WWalksN cwwlksn 27290 WWalksNOn cwwlksnon 27291

This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1781 ax-4 1795 ax-5 1892 ax-6 1951 ax-7 1996 ax-8 2085 ax-9 2093 ax-10 2114 ax-11 2128 ax-12 2143 ax-13 2346 ax-ext 2771 ax-rep 5088 ax-sep 5101 ax-nul 5108 ax-pow 5164 ax-pr 5228 ax-un 7326 ax-inf2 8957 ax-cnex 10446 ax-resscn 10447 ax-1cn 10448 ax-icn 10449 ax-addcl 10450 ax-addrcl 10451 ax-mulcl 10452 ax-mulrcl 10453 ax-mulcom 10454 ax-addass 10455 ax-mulass 10456 ax-distr 10457 ax-i2m1 10458 ax-1ne0 10459 ax-1rid 10460 ax-rnegex 10461 ax-rrecex 10462 ax-cnre 10463 ax-pre-lttri 10464 ax-pre-lttrn 10465 ax-pre-ltadd 10466 ax-pre-mulgt0 10467 ax-pre-sup 10468

This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 208 df-an 397 df-or 843 df-3or 1081 df-3an 1082 df-tru 1528 df-fal 1538 df-ex 1766 df-nf 1770 df-sb 2045 df-mo 2578 df-eu 2614 df-clab 2778 df-cleq 2790 df-clel 2865 df-nfc 2937 df-ne 2987 df-nel 3093 df-ral 3112 df-rex 3113 df-reu 3114 df-rmo 3115 df-rab 3116 df-v 3442 df-sbc 3712 df-csb 3818 df-dif 3868 df-un 3870 df-in 3872 df-ss 3880 df-pss 3882 df-nul 4218 df-if 4388 df-pw 4461 df-sn 4479 df-pr 4481 df-tp 4483 df-op 4485 df-uni 4752 df-int 4789 df-iun 4833 df-disj 4937 df-br 4969 df-opab 5031 df-mpt 5048 df-tr 5071 df-id 5355 df-eprel 5360 df-po 5369 df-so 5370 df-fr 5409 df-se 5410 df-we 5411 df-xp 5456 df-rel 5457 df-cnv 5458 df-co 5459 df-dm 5460 df-rn 5461 df-res 5462 df-ima 5463 df-pred 6030 df-ord 6076 df-on 6077 df-lim 6078 df-suc 6079 df-iota 6196 df-fun 6234 df-fn 6235 df-f 6236 df-f1 6237 df-fo 6238 df-f1o 6239 df-fv 6240 df-isom 6241 df-riota 6984 df-ov 7026 df-oprab 7027 df-mpo 7028 df-om 7444 df-1st 7552 df-2nd 7553 df-wrecs 7805 df-recs 7867 df-rdg 7905 df-1o 7960 df-2o 7961 df-oadd 7964 df-er 8146 df-map 8265 df-pm 8266 df-en 8365 df-dom 8366 df-sdom 8367 df-fin 8368 df-sup 8759 df-oi 8827 df-dju 9183 df-card 9221 df-pnf 10530 df-mnf 10531 df-xr 10532 df-ltxr 10533 df-le 10534 df-sub 10725 df-neg 10726 df-div 11152 df-nn 11493 df-2 11554 df-3 11555 df-n0 11752 df-xnn0 11822 df-z 11836 df-uz 12098 df-rp 12244 df-xadd 12362 df-fz 12747 df-fzo 12888 df-seq 13224 df-exp 13284 df-hash 13545 df-word 13712 df-lsw 13765 df-concat 13773 df-s1 13798 df-substr 13843 df-pfx 13873 df-cj 14296 df-re 14297 df-im 14298 df-sqrt 14432 df-abs 14433 df-clim 14683 df-sum 14881 df-vtx 26470 df-iedg 26471 df-edg 26520 df-uhgr 26530 df-ushgr 26531 df-upgr 26554 df-umgr 26555 df-uspgr 26622 df-usgr 26623 df-fusgr 26786 df-nbgr 26802 df-vtxdg 26935 df-rgr 27026 df-rusgr 27027 df-wwlks 27294 df-wwlksn 27295 df-wwlksnon 27296

This theorem is referenced by: numclwwlkqhash 27842

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