clwwlknclwwlkdifnum - Metamath Proof Explorer

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Theorem clwwlknclwwlkdifnum 29777

Description: In a 𝐾-regular graph, the size of the set 𝐴 of walks of length 𝑁 starting with a fixed vertex 𝑋 and ending not at this vertex is the difference between 𝐾 to the power of 𝑁 and the size of the set 𝐵 of closed walks of length 𝑁 anchored at this vertex 𝑋. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 30-Sep-2018.) (Revised by AV, 7-May-2021.) (Revised by AV, 8-Mar-2022.) (Proof shortened by AV, 16-Mar-2022.)

**Hypotheses**
Ref	Expression
clwwlknclwwlkdif.a	⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘0) = 𝑋 ∧ (lastS‘𝑤) ≠ 𝑋)}
clwwlknclwwlkdif.b	⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑋(𝑁 WWalksNOn 𝐺)𝑋)
clwwlknclwwlkdifnum.v	⊢ 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺)

**Assertion**
Ref	Expression
clwwlknclwwlkdifnum	⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘𝐴) = ((𝐾↑𝑁) − (♯‘𝐵)))

Distinct variable groups: 𝑤,𝐺 𝑤,𝑁 𝑤,𝑋 𝑤,𝐾 𝑤,𝑉 Allowed substitution hints: 𝐴(𝑤) 𝐵(𝑤)

**Proof of Theorem clwwlknclwwlkdifnum**
Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		clwwlknclwwlkdif.a	. . . . 5 ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘0) = 𝑋 ∧ (lastS‘𝑤) ≠ 𝑋)}
2		clwwlknclwwlkdif.b	. . . . 5 ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑋(𝑁 WWalksNOn 𝐺)𝑋)
3		eqid 2727	. . . . 5 ⊢ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}
4	1, 2, 3	clwwlknclwwlkdif 29776	. . . 4 ⊢ 𝐴 = ({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∖ 𝐵)
5	4	fveq2i 6894	. . 3 ⊢ (♯‘𝐴) = (♯‘({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∖ 𝐵))
6	5	a1i 11	. 2 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘𝐴) = (♯‘({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∖ 𝐵)))
7		clwwlknclwwlkdifnum.v	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺)
8	7	eleq1i 2819	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ↔ (Vtx‘𝐺) ∈ Fin)
9	8	biimpi 215	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑉 ∈ Fin → (Vtx‘𝐺) ∈ Fin)
10	9	adantl 481	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) → (Vtx‘𝐺) ∈ Fin)
11	10	adantr 480	. . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (Vtx‘𝐺) ∈ Fin)
12		wwlksnfi 29704	. . . 4 ⊢ ((Vtx‘𝐺) ∈ Fin → (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∈ Fin)
13		rabfi 9285	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∈ Fin → {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∈ Fin)
14	11, 12, 13	3syl 18	. . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∈ Fin)
15	7	iswwlksnon 29651	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑋(𝑁 WWalksNOn 𝐺)𝑋) = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘0) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋)}
16		ancom 460	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (((𝑤‘0) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋) ↔ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋))
17	16	rabbii 3433	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘0) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋)} = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)}
18	15, 17	eqtri 2755	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑋(𝑁 WWalksNOn 𝐺)𝑋) = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)}
19	18	a1i 11	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀) → (𝑋(𝑁 WWalksNOn 𝐺)𝑋) = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)})
20	2, 19	eqtrid 2779	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀) → 𝐵 = {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)})
21		simpr 484	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋) → (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)
22	21	a1i 11	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) → (((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋) → (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋))
23	22	ss2rabi 4070	. . . . 5 ⊢ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘𝑁) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋)} ⊆ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}
24	20, 23	eqsstrdi 4032	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀) → 𝐵 ⊆ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋})
25	24	adantl 481	. . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → 𝐵 ⊆ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋})
26		hashssdif 14395	. . 3 ⊢ (({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∈ Fin ∧ 𝐵 ⊆ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) → (♯‘({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∖ 𝐵)) = ((♯‘{𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) − (♯‘𝐵)))
27	14, 25, 26	syl2anc 583	. 2 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘({𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋} ∖ 𝐵)) = ((♯‘{𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) − (♯‘𝐵)))
28		simpl 482	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) → 𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾)
29	28	adantr 480	. . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → 𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾)
30		simpr 484	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) → 𝑉 ∈ Fin)
31	30	adantr 480	. . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → 𝑉 ∈ Fin)
32		simpl 482	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀) → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)
33	32	adantl 481	. . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)
34		simpr 484	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)
35	34	adantl 481	. . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)
36	7	rusgrnumwwlkg 29774	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘{𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) = (𝐾↑𝑁))
37	29, 31, 33, 35, 36	syl13anc 1370	. . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘{𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) = (𝐾↑𝑁))
38	37	oveq1d 7429	. 2 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → ((♯‘{𝑤 ∈ (𝑁 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ (𝑤‘0) = 𝑋}) − (♯‘𝐵)) = ((𝐾↑𝑁) − (♯‘𝐵)))
39	6, 27, 38	3eqtrd 2771	1 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀)) → (♯‘𝐴) = ((𝐾↑𝑁) − (♯‘𝐵)))

Colors of variables: wff setvar class

Syntax hints: → wi 4 ∧ wa 395 = wceq 1534 ∈ wcel 2099 ≠ wne 2935 {crab 3427 ∖ cdif 3941 ⊆ wss 3944 class class class wbr 5142 ‘cfv 6542 (class class class)co 7414 Fincfn 8955 0cc0 11130 − cmin 11466 ℕ₀cn0 12494 ↑cexp 14050 ♯chash 14313 lastSclsw 14536 Vtxcvtx 28796 RegUSGraph crusgr 29357 WWalksN cwwlksn 29624 WWalksNOn cwwlksnon 29625

This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1790 ax-4 1804 ax-5 1906 ax-6 1964 ax-7 2004 ax-8 2101 ax-9 2109 ax-10 2130 ax-11 2147 ax-12 2164 ax-ext 2698 ax-rep 5279 ax-sep 5293 ax-nul 5300 ax-pow 5359 ax-pr 5423 ax-un 7734 ax-inf2 9656 ax-cnex 11186 ax-resscn 11187 ax-1cn 11188 ax-icn 11189 ax-addcl 11190 ax-addrcl 11191 ax-mulcl 11192 ax-mulrcl 11193 ax-mulcom 11194 ax-addass 11195 ax-mulass 11196 ax-distr 11197 ax-i2m1 11198 ax-1ne0 11199 ax-1rid 11200 ax-rnegex 11201 ax-rrecex 11202 ax-cnre 11203 ax-pre-lttri 11204 ax-pre-lttrn 11205 ax-pre-ltadd 11206 ax-pre-mulgt0 11207 ax-pre-sup 11208

This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 206 df-an 396 df-or 847 df-3or 1086 df-3an 1087 df-tru 1537 df-fal 1547 df-ex 1775 df-nf 1779 df-sb 2061 df-mo 2529 df-eu 2558 df-clab 2705 df-cleq 2719 df-clel 2805 df-nfc 2880 df-ne 2936 df-nel 3042 df-ral 3057 df-rex 3066 df-rmo 3371 df-reu 3372 df-rab 3428 df-v 3471 df-sbc 3775 df-csb 3890 df-dif 3947 df-un 3949 df-in 3951 df-ss 3961 df-pss 3963 df-nul 4319 df-if 4525 df-pw 4600 df-sn 4625 df-pr 4627 df-op 4631 df-uni 4904 df-int 4945 df-iun 4993 df-disj 5108 df-br 5143 df-opab 5205 df-mpt 5226 df-tr 5260 df-id 5570 df-eprel 5576 df-po 5584 df-so 5585 df-fr 5627 df-se 5628 df-we 5629 df-xp 5678 df-rel 5679 df-cnv 5680 df-co 5681 df-dm 5682 df-rn 5683 df-res 5684 df-ima 5685 df-pred 6299 df-ord 6366 df-on 6367 df-lim 6368 df-suc 6369 df-iota 6494 df-fun 6544 df-fn 6545 df-f 6546 df-f1 6547 df-fo 6548 df-f1o 6549 df-fv 6550 df-isom 6551 df-riota 7370 df-ov 7417 df-oprab 7418 df-mpo 7419 df-om 7865 df-1st 7987 df-2nd 7988 df-frecs 8280 df-wrecs 8311 df-recs 8385 df-rdg 8424 df-1o 8480 df-2o 8481 df-oadd 8484 df-er 8718 df-map 8838 df-pm 8839 df-en 8956 df-dom 8957 df-sdom 8958 df-fin 8959 df-sup 9457 df-oi 9525 df-dju 9916 df-card 9954 df-pnf 11272 df-mnf 11273 df-xr 11274 df-ltxr 11275 df-le 11276 df-sub 11468 df-neg 11469 df-div 11894 df-nn 12235 df-2 12297 df-3 12298 df-n0 12495 df-xnn0 12567 df-z 12581 df-uz 12845 df-rp 12999 df-xadd 13117 df-fz 13509 df-fzo 13652 df-seq 13991 df-exp 14051 df-hash 14314 df-word 14489 df-lsw 14537 df-concat 14545 df-s1 14570 df-substr 14615 df-pfx 14645 df-cj 15070 df-re 15071 df-im 15072 df-sqrt 15206 df-abs 15207 df-clim 15456 df-sum 15657 df-vtx 28798 df-iedg 28799 df-edg 28848 df-uhgr 28858 df-ushgr 28859 df-upgr 28882 df-umgr 28883 df-uspgr 28950 df-usgr 28951 df-fusgr 29117 df-nbgr 29133 df-vtxdg 29267 df-rgr 29358 df-rusgr 29359 df-wwlks 29628 df-wwlksn 29629 df-wwlksnon 29630

This theorem is referenced by: numclwwlkqhash 30172

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