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Theorem bccolsum 35756
Description: A column-sum rule for binomial coefficients. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 24-Jun-2020.)
Assertion
Ref Expression
bccolsum ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
Distinct variable groups:   𝑘,𝑁   𝐶,𝑘

Proof of Theorem bccolsum
Dummy variables 𝑛 𝑚 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 oveq2 7413 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 0 → (0...𝑚) = (0...0))
21sumeq1d 15716 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶))
3 oveq1 7412 . . . . . . 7 (𝑚 = 0 → (𝑚 + 1) = (0 + 1))
4 0p1e1 12362 . . . . . . 7 (0 + 1) = 1
53, 4eqtrdi 2786 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 0 → (𝑚 + 1) = 1)
65oveq1d 7420 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 0 → ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
72, 6eqeq12d 2751 . . . 4 (𝑚 = 0 → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) ↔ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1))))
87imbi2d 340 . . 3 (𝑚 = 0 → ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))))
9 oveq2 7413 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → (0...𝑚) = (0...𝑛))
109sumeq1d 15716 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶))
11 oveq1 7412 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → (𝑚 + 1) = (𝑛 + 1))
1211oveq1d 7420 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
1310, 12eqeq12d 2751 . . . 4 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) ↔ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))))
1413imbi2d 340 . . 3 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))))
15 oveq2 7413 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → (0...𝑚) = (0...(𝑛 + 1)))
1615sumeq1d 15716 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶))
17 oveq1 7412 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → (𝑚 + 1) = ((𝑛 + 1) + 1))
1817oveq1d 7420 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
1916, 18eqeq12d 2751 . . . 4 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) ↔ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))))
2019imbi2d 340 . . 3 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))))
21 oveq2 7413 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → (0...𝑚) = (0...𝑁))
2221sumeq1d 15716 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶))
23 oveq1 7412 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → (𝑚 + 1) = (𝑁 + 1))
2423oveq1d 7420 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
2522, 24eqeq12d 2751 . . . 4 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) ↔ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))))
2625imbi2d 340 . . 3 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))))
27 0z 12599 . . . . 5 0 ∈ ℤ
28 0nn0 12516 . . . . . . 7 0 ∈ ℕ0
29 nn0z 12613 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℤ)
30 bccl 14340 . . . . . . 7 ((0 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℤ) → (0C𝐶) ∈ ℕ0)
3128, 29, 30sylancr 587 . . . . . 6 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (0C𝐶) ∈ ℕ0)
3231nn0cnd 12564 . . . . 5 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (0C𝐶) ∈ ℂ)
33 oveq1 7412 . . . . . 6 (𝑘 = 0 → (𝑘C𝐶) = (0C𝐶))
3433fsum1 15763 . . . . 5 ((0 ∈ ℤ ∧ (0C𝐶) ∈ ℂ) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶) = (0C𝐶))
3527, 32, 34sylancr 587 . . . 4 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶) = (0C𝐶))
36 elnn0 12503 . . . . 5 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℕ ∨ 𝐶 = 0))
37 1red 11236 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → 1 ∈ ℝ)
38 nnrp 13020 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → 𝐶 ∈ ℝ+)
3937, 38ltaddrp2d 13085 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → 1 < (𝐶 + 1))
40 peano2nn 12252 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℕ)
4140nnred 12255 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℝ)
4237, 41ltnled 11382 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (1 < (𝐶 + 1) ↔ ¬ (𝐶 + 1) ≤ 1))
4339, 42mpbid 232 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → ¬ (𝐶 + 1) ≤ 1)
44 elfzle2 13545 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝐶 + 1) ∈ (0...1) → (𝐶 + 1) ≤ 1)
4543, 44nsyl 140 . . . . . . . 8 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → ¬ (𝐶 + 1) ∈ (0...1))
4645iffalsed 4511 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → if((𝐶 + 1) ∈ (0...1), ((!‘1) / ((!‘(1 − (𝐶 + 1))) · (!‘(𝐶 + 1)))), 0) = 0)
47 1nn0 12517 . . . . . . . 8 1 ∈ ℕ0
4840nnzd 12615 . . . . . . . 8 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℤ)
49 bcval 14322 . . . . . . . 8 ((1 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℤ) → (1C(𝐶 + 1)) = if((𝐶 + 1) ∈ (0...1), ((!‘1) / ((!‘(1 − (𝐶 + 1))) · (!‘(𝐶 + 1)))), 0))
5047, 48, 49sylancr 587 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (1C(𝐶 + 1)) = if((𝐶 + 1) ∈ (0...1), ((!‘1) / ((!‘(1 − (𝐶 + 1))) · (!‘(𝐶 + 1)))), 0))
51 bc0k 14329 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (0C𝐶) = 0)
5246, 50, 513eqtr4rd 2781 . . . . . 6 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (0C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
53 bcnn 14330 . . . . . . . . 9 (0 ∈ ℕ0 → (0C0) = 1)
5428, 53ax-mp 5 . . . . . . . 8 (0C0) = 1
55 bcnn 14330 . . . . . . . . 9 (1 ∈ ℕ0 → (1C1) = 1)
5647, 55ax-mp 5 . . . . . . . 8 (1C1) = 1
5754, 56eqtr4i 2761 . . . . . . 7 (0C0) = (1C1)
58 oveq2 7413 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 = 0 → (0C𝐶) = (0C0))
59 oveq1 7412 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝐶 = 0 → (𝐶 + 1) = (0 + 1))
6059, 4eqtrdi 2786 . . . . . . . 8 (𝐶 = 0 → (𝐶 + 1) = 1)
6160oveq2d 7421 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 = 0 → (1C(𝐶 + 1)) = (1C1))
6257, 58, 613eqtr4a 2796 . . . . . 6 (𝐶 = 0 → (0C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
6352, 62jaoi 857 . . . . 5 ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ ∨ 𝐶 = 0) → (0C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
6436, 63sylbi 217 . . . 4 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (0C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
6535, 64eqtrd 2770 . . 3 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
66 elnn0uz 12897 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝑛 ∈ (ℤ‘0))
6766biimpi 216 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝑛 ∈ (ℤ‘0))
6867adantr 480 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ‘0))
69 elfznn0 13637 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1)) → 𝑘 ∈ ℕ0)
7069adantl 481 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))) → 𝑘 ∈ ℕ0)
71 simplr 768 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))) → 𝐶 ∈ ℕ0)
7271nn0zd 12614 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))) → 𝐶 ∈ ℤ)
73 bccl 14340 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑘 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑘C𝐶) ∈ ℕ0)
7470, 72, 73syl2anc 584 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))) → (𝑘C𝐶) ∈ ℕ0)
7574nn0cnd 12564 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))) → (𝑘C𝐶) ∈ ℂ)
76 oveq1 7412 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑘 = (𝑛 + 1) → (𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶))
7768, 75, 76fsump1 15772 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) + ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶)))
7877adantr 480 . . . . . 6 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) + ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶)))
79 id 22 . . . . . . 7 𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
80 nn0cn 12511 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℂ)
8180adantl 481 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ)
82 1cnd 11230 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → 1 ∈ ℂ)
8381, 82pncand 11595 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → ((𝐶 + 1) − 1) = 𝐶)
8483oveq2d 7421 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1)) = ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶))
8584eqcomd 2741 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1)))
8679, 85oveqan12rd 7425 . . . . . 6 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) + ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶)) = (((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) + ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1))))
87 peano2nn0 12541 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝑛 + 1) ∈ ℕ0)
88 peano2nn0 12541 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℕ0)
8988nn0zd 12614 . . . . . . . 8 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℤ)
90 bcpasc 14339 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑛 + 1) ∈ ℕ0 ∧ (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℤ) → (((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) + ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1))) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
9187, 89, 90syl2an 596 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → (((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) + ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1))) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
9291adantr 480 . . . . . 6 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) → (((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) + ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1))) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
9378, 86, 923eqtrd 2774 . . . . 5 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
9493exp31 419 . . . 4 (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))))
9594a2d 29 . . 3 (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 → ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) → (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))))
968, 14, 20, 26, 65, 95nn0ind 12688 . 2 (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))))
9796imp 406 1 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
Colors of variables: wff setvar class
Syntax hints:  ¬ wn 3  wi 4  wa 395  wo 847   = wceq 1540  wcel 2108  ifcif 4500   class class class wbr 5119  cfv 6531  (class class class)co 7405  cc 11127  0cc0 11129  1c1 11130   + caddc 11132   · cmul 11134   < clt 11269  cle 11270  cmin 11466   / cdiv 11894  cn 12240  0cn0 12501  cz 12588  cuz 12852  ...cfz 13524  !cfa 14291  Ccbc 14320  Σcsu 15702
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1795  ax-4 1809  ax-5 1910  ax-6 1967  ax-7 2007  ax-8 2110  ax-9 2118  ax-10 2141  ax-11 2157  ax-12 2177  ax-ext 2707  ax-rep 5249  ax-sep 5266  ax-nul 5276  ax-pow 5335  ax-pr 5402  ax-un 7729  ax-inf2 9655  ax-cnex 11185  ax-resscn 11186  ax-1cn 11187  ax-icn 11188  ax-addcl 11189  ax-addrcl 11190  ax-mulcl 11191  ax-mulrcl 11192  ax-mulcom 11193  ax-addass 11194  ax-mulass 11195  ax-distr 11196  ax-i2m1 11197  ax-1ne0 11198  ax-1rid 11199  ax-rnegex 11200  ax-rrecex 11201  ax-cnre 11202  ax-pre-lttri 11203  ax-pre-lttrn 11204  ax-pre-ltadd 11205  ax-pre-mulgt0 11206  ax-pre-sup 11207
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 207  df-an 396  df-or 848  df-3or 1087  df-3an 1088  df-tru 1543  df-fal 1553  df-ex 1780  df-nf 1784  df-sb 2065  df-mo 2539  df-eu 2568  df-clab 2714  df-cleq 2727  df-clel 2809  df-nfc 2885  df-ne 2933  df-nel 3037  df-ral 3052  df-rex 3061  df-rmo 3359  df-reu 3360  df-rab 3416  df-v 3461  df-sbc 3766  df-csb 3875  df-dif 3929  df-un 3931  df-in 3933  df-ss 3943  df-pss 3946  df-nul 4309  df-if 4501  df-pw 4577  df-sn 4602  df-pr 4604  df-op 4608  df-uni 4884  df-int 4923  df-iun 4969  df-br 5120  df-opab 5182  df-mpt 5202  df-tr 5230  df-id 5548  df-eprel 5553  df-po 5561  df-so 5562  df-fr 5606  df-se 5607  df-we 5608  df-xp 5660  df-rel 5661  df-cnv 5662  df-co 5663  df-dm 5664  df-rn 5665  df-res 5666  df-ima 5667  df-pred 6290  df-ord 6355  df-on 6356  df-lim 6357  df-suc 6358  df-iota 6484  df-fun 6533  df-fn 6534  df-f 6535  df-f1 6536  df-fo 6537  df-f1o 6538  df-fv 6539  df-isom 6540  df-riota 7362  df-ov 7408  df-oprab 7409  df-mpo 7410  df-om 7862  df-1st 7988  df-2nd 7989  df-frecs 8280  df-wrecs 8311  df-recs 8385  df-rdg 8424  df-1o 8480  df-er 8719  df-en 8960  df-dom 8961  df-sdom 8962  df-fin 8963  df-sup 9454  df-oi 9524  df-card 9953  df-pnf 11271  df-mnf 11272  df-xr 11273  df-ltxr 11274  df-le 11275  df-sub 11468  df-neg 11469  df-div 11895  df-nn 12241  df-2 12303  df-3 12304  df-n0 12502  df-z 12589  df-uz 12853  df-rp 13009  df-fz 13525  df-fzo 13672  df-seq 14020  df-exp 14080  df-fac 14292  df-bc 14321  df-hash 14349  df-cj 15118  df-re 15119  df-im 15120  df-sqrt 15254  df-abs 15255  df-clim 15504  df-sum 15703
This theorem is referenced by: (None)
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