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Theorem bccolsum 36326
Description: A column-sum rule for binomial coefficients. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 24-Jun-2020.)
Assertion
Ref Expression
bccolsum ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
Distinct variable groups:   𝑘,𝑁   𝐶,𝑘

Proof of Theorem bccolsum
Dummy variables 𝑛 𝑚 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 oveq2 7425 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 0 → (0...𝑚) = (0...0))
21sumeq1d 15791 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶))
3 oveq1 7424 . . . . . . 7 (𝑚 = 0 → (𝑚 + 1) = (0 + 1))
4 0p1e1 12389 . . . . . . 7 (0 + 1) = 1
53, 4eqtrdi 2813 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 0 → (𝑚 + 1) = 1)
65oveq1d 7432 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 0 → ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
72, 6eqeq12d 2778 . . . 4 (𝑚 = 0 → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) ↔ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1))))
87imbi2d 343 . . 3 (𝑚 = 0 → ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))))
9 oveq2 7425 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → (0...𝑚) = (0...𝑛))
109sumeq1d 15791 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶))
11 oveq1 7424 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → (𝑚 + 1) = (𝑛 + 1))
1211oveq1d 7432 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
1310, 12eqeq12d 2778 . . . 4 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) ↔ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))))
1413imbi2d 343 . . 3 (𝑚 = 𝑛 → ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))))
15 oveq2 7425 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → (0...𝑚) = (0...(𝑛 + 1)))
1615sumeq1d 15791 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶))
17 oveq1 7424 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → (𝑚 + 1) = ((𝑛 + 1) + 1))
1817oveq1d 7432 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
1916, 18eqeq12d 2778 . . . 4 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) ↔ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))))
2019imbi2d 343 . . 3 (𝑚 = (𝑛 + 1) → ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))))
21 oveq2 7425 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → (0...𝑚) = (0...𝑁))
2221sumeq1d 15791 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶))
23 oveq1 7424 . . . . . 6 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → (𝑚 + 1) = (𝑁 + 1))
2423oveq1d 7432 . . . . 5 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
2522, 24eqeq12d 2778 . . . 4 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) ↔ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))))
2625imbi2d 343 . . 3 (𝑚 = 𝑁 → ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑚)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑚 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))))
27 0z 12630 . . . . 5 0 ∈ ℤ
28 0nn0 12547 . . . . . . 7 0 ∈ ℕ0
29 nn0z 12643 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℤ)
30 bccl 14390 . . . . . . 7 ((0 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℤ) → (0C𝐶) ∈ ℕ0)
3128, 29, 30sylancr 599 . . . . . 6 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (0C𝐶) ∈ ℕ0)
3231nn0cnd 12595 . . . . 5 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (0C𝐶) ∈ ℂ)
33 oveq1 7424 . . . . . 6 (𝑘 = 0 → (𝑘C𝐶) = (0C𝐶))
3433fsum1 15837 . . . . 5 ((0 ∈ ℤ ∧ (0C𝐶) ∈ ℂ) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶) = (0C𝐶))
3527, 32, 34sylancr 599 . . . 4 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶) = (0C𝐶))
36 elnn0 12534 . . . . 5 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 ↔ (𝐶 ∈ ℕ ∨ 𝐶 = 0))
37 1red 11237 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → 1 ∈ ℝ)
38 nnrp 13058 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → 𝐶 ∈ ℝ+)
3937, 38ltaddrp2d 13124 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → 1 < (𝐶 + 1))
40 peano2nn 12273 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℕ)
4140nnred 12276 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℝ)
4237, 41ltnled 11385 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (1 < (𝐶 + 1) ↔ ¬ (𝐶 + 1) ≤ 1))
4339, 42mpbid 235 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → ¬ (𝐶 + 1) ≤ 1)
44 elfzle2 13586 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝐶 + 1) ∈ (0...1) → (𝐶 + 1) ≤ 1)
4543, 44nsyl 141 . . . . . . . 8 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → ¬ (𝐶 + 1) ∈ (0...1))
4645iffalsed 4496 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → if((𝐶 + 1) ∈ (0...1), ((!‘1) / ((!‘(1 − (𝐶 + 1))) · (!‘(𝐶 + 1)))), 0) = 0)
47 1nn0 12548 . . . . . . . 8 1 ∈ ℕ0
4840nnzd 12645 . . . . . . . 8 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℤ)
49 bcval 14372 . . . . . . . 8 ((1 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℤ) → (1C(𝐶 + 1)) = if((𝐶 + 1) ∈ (0...1), ((!‘1) / ((!‘(1 − (𝐶 + 1))) · (!‘(𝐶 + 1)))), 0))
5047, 48, 49sylancr 599 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (1C(𝐶 + 1)) = if((𝐶 + 1) ∈ (0...1), ((!‘1) / ((!‘(1 − (𝐶 + 1))) · (!‘(𝐶 + 1)))), 0))
51 bc0k 14379 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (0C𝐶) = 0)
5246, 50, 513eqtr4rd 2808 . . . . . 6 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ → (0C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
53 bcnn 14380 . . . . . . . . 9 (0 ∈ ℕ0 → (0C0) = 1)
5428, 53ax-mp 5 . . . . . . . 8 (0C0) = 1
55 bcnn 14380 . . . . . . . . 9 (1 ∈ ℕ0 → (1C1) = 1)
5647, 55ax-mp 5 . . . . . . . 8 (1C1) = 1
5754, 56eqtr4i 2788 . . . . . . 7 (0C0) = (1C1)
58 oveq2 7425 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 = 0 → (0C𝐶) = (0C0))
59 oveq1 7424 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝐶 = 0 → (𝐶 + 1) = (0 + 1))
6059, 4eqtrdi 2813 . . . . . . . 8 (𝐶 = 0 → (𝐶 + 1) = 1)
6160oveq2d 7433 . . . . . . 7 (𝐶 = 0 → (1C(𝐶 + 1)) = (1C1))
6257, 58, 613eqtr4a 2823 . . . . . 6 (𝐶 = 0 → (0C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
6352, 62jaoi 871 . . . . 5 ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ ∨ 𝐶 = 0) → (0C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
6436, 63sylbi 220 . . . 4 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (0C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
6535, 64eqtrd 2797 . . 3 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...0)(𝑘C𝐶) = (1C(𝐶 + 1)))
66 elnn0uz 12932 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝑛 ∈ (ℤ‘0))
6766birani 509 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ‘0))
68 elfznn0 13679 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1)) → 𝑘 ∈ ℕ0)
6968adantl 487 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))) → 𝑘 ∈ ℕ0)
70 simplr 781 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))) → 𝐶 ∈ ℕ0)
7170nn0zd 12644 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))) → 𝐶 ∈ ℤ)
72 bccl 14390 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑘 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑘C𝐶) ∈ ℕ0)
7369, 71, 72syl2anc 596 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))) → (𝑘C𝐶) ∈ ℕ0)
7473nn0cnd 12595 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))) → (𝑘C𝐶) ∈ ℂ)
75 oveq1 7424 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑘 = (𝑛 + 1) → (𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶))
7667, 74, 75fsump1 15846 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) + ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶)))
7776adantr 486 . . . . . 6 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) + ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶)))
78 id 23 . . . . . . 7 𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
79 nn0cn 12542 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℂ)
8079adantl 487 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ)
81 1cnd 11230 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → 1 ∈ ℂ)
8280, 81pncand 11598 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → ((𝐶 + 1) − 1) = 𝐶)
8382oveq2d 7433 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1)) = ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶))
8483eqcomd 2768 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1)))
8578, 84oveqan12rd 7437 . . . . . 6 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) + ((𝑛 + 1)C𝐶)) = (((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) + ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1))))
86 peano2nn0 12572 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝑛 + 1) ∈ ℕ0)
87 peano2nn0 12572 . . . . . . . . 9 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℕ0)
8887nn0zd 12644 . . . . . . . 8 (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℤ)
89 bcpasc 14389 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑛 + 1) ∈ ℕ0 ∧ (𝐶 + 1) ∈ ℤ) → (((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) + ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1))) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
9086, 88, 89syl2an 608 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → (((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) + ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1))) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
9190adantr 486 . . . . . 6 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) → (((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) + ((𝑛 + 1)C((𝐶 + 1) − 1))) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
9277, 85, 913eqtrd 2801 . . . . 5 (((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
9392exp31 425 . . . 4 (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → (Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))))
9493a2d 30 . . 3 (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 → ((𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑛)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑛 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))) → (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...(𝑛 + 1))(𝑘C𝐶) = (((𝑛 + 1) + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))))
958, 14, 20, 26, 65, 94nn0ind 12720 . 2 (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝐶 ∈ ℕ0 → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1))))
9695imp 412 1 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
Colors of variables:    wff setvar class
This proof depends on syntax axioms:  ¬ wn 3  wi 4  wa 401  wo 861   = wceq 1570  wcel 2145  ifcif 4485   class class class wbr 5107  cfv 6537  (class class class)co 7417  cc 11126  0cc0 11128  1c1 11129   + caddc 11131   · cmul 11133   < clt 11271  cle 11272  cmin 11469   / cdiv 11899  cn 12261  0cn0 12532  cz 12619  cuz 12891  ...cfz 13565  !cfa 14341  Ccbc 14370  Σcsu 15777
This proof depends on axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-3 8  ax-gen 1828  ax-4 1842  ax-5 1943  ax-6 2000  ax-7 2041  ax-8 2147  ax-9 2155  ax-10 2178  ax-11 2194  ax-12 2215  ax-ext 2734  ax-rep 5236  ax-sep 5255  ax-nul 5267  ax-pow 5334  ax-pr 5402  ax-un 7740  ax-inf2 9624  ax-cnex 11184  ax-resscn 11185  ax-1cn 11186  ax-icn 11187  ax-addcl 11188  ax-addrcl 11189  ax-mulcl 11190  ax-mulrcl 11191  ax-mulcom 11192  ax-addass 11193  ax-mulass 11194  ax-distr 11195  ax-i2m1 11196  ax-1ne0 11197  ax-1rid 11198  ax-rnegex 11199  ax-rrecex 11200  ax-cnre 11201  ax-pre-lttri 11202  ax-pre-lttrn 11203  ax-pre-ltadd 11204  ax-pre-mulgt0 11205  ax-pre-sup 11206
This proof depends on definitions:  df-bi 210  df-an 402  df-or 862  df-3or 1104  df-3an 1105  df-tru 1573  df-fal 1583  df-ex 1813  df-nf 1817  df-sb 2100  df-mo 2566  df-eu 2596  df-clab 2741  df-cleq 2754  df-clel 2837  df-nfc 2911  df-ne 2958  df-nel 3064  df-ral 3079  df-rex 3089  df-rmo 3367  df-reu 3368  df-rab 3415  df-v 3455  df-sbc 3743  df-csb 3851  df-dif 3905  df-un 3907  df-in 3909  df-ss 3919  df-pss 3922  df-nul 4283  df-if 4486  df-pw 4562  df-sn 4588  df-pr 4590  df-op 4594  df-uni 4871  df-int 4911  df-iun 4956  df-br 5108  df-opab 5172  df-mpt 5191  df-tr 5217  df-id 5554  df-eprel 5559  df-po 5567  df-so 5568  df-fr 5612  df-se 5613  df-we 5614  df-xp 5665  df-rel 5666  df-cnv 5667  df-co 5668  df-dm 5669  df-rn 5670  df-res 5671  df-ima 5672  df-pred 6303  df-ord 6364  df-on 6365  df-lim 6366  df-suc 6367  df-iota 6493  df-fun 6539  df-fn 6540  df-f 6541  df-f1 6542  df-fo 6543  df-f1o 6544  df-fv 6545  df-isom 6546  df-riota 7374  df-ov 7420  df-oprab 7421  df-mpo 7422  df-om 7867  df-1st 7990  df-2nd 7991  df-frecs 8284  df-wrecs 8315  df-recs 8364  df-rdg 8403  df-1o 8459  df-er 8700  df-en 8957  df-dom 8958  df-sdom 8959  df-fin 8960  df-sup 9416  df-oi 9486  df-card 9948  df-pnf 11273  df-mnf 11274  df-xr 11275  df-ltxr 11276  df-le 11277  df-sub 11471  df-neg 11472  df-div 11900  df-nn 12262  df-2 12331  df-3 12332  df-n0 12533  df-z 12620  df-uz 12892  df-rp 13047  df-fz 13566  df-fzo 13714  df-seq 14070  df-exp 14130  df-fac 14342  df-bc 14371  df-hash 14399  df-cj 15190  df-re 15191  df-im 15192  df-sqrt 15326  df-abs 15327  df-clim 15579  df-sum 15778
This theorem is used by: (None)
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