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Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > numclwwlk2 | Structured version Visualization version GIF version |
Description: Statement 10 in [Huneke] p. 2: "If n > 1, then the number of closed n-walks v(0) ... v(n-2) v(n-1) v(n) from v = v(0) = v(n) ... with v(n-2) =/= v is k^(n-2) - f(n-2)." According to rusgrnumwlkg 27755, we have k^(n-2) different walks of length (n-2): v(0) ... v(n-2). From this number, the number of closed walks of length (n-2), which is f(n-2) per definition, must be subtracted, because for these walks v(n-2) =/= v(0) = v would hold. Because of the friendship condition, there is exactly one vertex v(n-1) which is a neighbor of v(n-2) as well as of v(n)=v=v(0), because v(n-2) and v(n)=v are different, so the number of walks v(0) ... v(n-2) is identical with the number of walks v(0) ... v(n), that means each (not closed) walk v(0) ... v(n-2) can be extended by two edges to a closed walk v(0) ... v(n)=v=v(0) in exactly one way. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 6-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 31-May-2021.) (Revised by AV, 1-May-2022.) |
Ref | Expression |
---|---|
numclwwlk.v | ⊢ 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺) |
numclwwlk.q | ⊢ 𝑄 = (𝑣 ∈ 𝑉, 𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑛 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘0) = 𝑣 ∧ (lastS‘𝑤) ≠ 𝑣)}) |
numclwwlk.h | ⊢ 𝐻 = (𝑣 ∈ 𝑉, 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘2) ↦ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑣(ClWWalksNOn‘𝐺)𝑛) ∣ (𝑤‘(𝑛 − 2)) ≠ 𝑣}) |
Ref | Expression |
---|---|
numclwwlk2 | ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → (♯‘(𝑋𝐻𝑁)) = ((𝐾↑(𝑁 − 2)) − (♯‘(𝑋(ClWWalksNOn‘𝐺)(𝑁 − 2))))) |
Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
---|---|---|---|
1 | eluzelcn 12254 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3) → 𝑁 ∈ ℂ) | |
2 | 2cnd 11714 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3) → 2 ∈ ℂ) | |
3 | 1, 2 | npcand 11000 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3) → ((𝑁 − 2) + 2) = 𝑁) |
4 | 3 | eqcomd 2827 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3) → 𝑁 = ((𝑁 − 2) + 2)) |
5 | 4 | 3ad2ant3 1131 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)) → 𝑁 = ((𝑁 − 2) + 2)) |
6 | 5 | adantl 484 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → 𝑁 = ((𝑁 − 2) + 2)) |
7 | 6 | oveq2d 7171 | . . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → (𝑋𝐻𝑁) = (𝑋𝐻((𝑁 − 2) + 2))) |
8 | 7 | fveq2d 6673 | . 2 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → (♯‘(𝑋𝐻𝑁)) = (♯‘(𝑋𝐻((𝑁 − 2) + 2)))) |
9 | simplr 767 | . . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) | |
10 | simpr2 1191 | . . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉) | |
11 | uz3m2nn 12290 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3) → (𝑁 − 2) ∈ ℕ) | |
12 | 11 | 3ad2ant3 1131 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)) → (𝑁 − 2) ∈ ℕ) |
13 | 12 | adantl 484 | . . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → (𝑁 − 2) ∈ ℕ) |
14 | numclwwlk.v | . . . 4 ⊢ 𝑉 = (Vtx‘𝐺) | |
15 | numclwwlk.q | . . . 4 ⊢ 𝑄 = (𝑣 ∈ 𝑉, 𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑛 WWalksN 𝐺) ∣ ((𝑤‘0) = 𝑣 ∧ (lastS‘𝑤) ≠ 𝑣)}) | |
16 | numclwwlk.h | . . . 4 ⊢ 𝐻 = (𝑣 ∈ 𝑉, 𝑛 ∈ (ℤ≥‘2) ↦ {𝑤 ∈ (𝑣(ClWWalksNOn‘𝐺)𝑛) ∣ (𝑤‘(𝑛 − 2)) ≠ 𝑣}) | |
17 | 14, 15, 16 | numclwwlk2lem3 28158 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ (𝑁 − 2) ∈ ℕ) → (♯‘(𝑋𝑄(𝑁 − 2))) = (♯‘(𝑋𝐻((𝑁 − 2) + 2)))) |
18 | 9, 10, 13, 17 | syl3anc 1367 | . 2 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → (♯‘(𝑋𝑄(𝑁 − 2))) = (♯‘(𝑋𝐻((𝑁 − 2) + 2)))) |
19 | simpl 485 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) → 𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾) | |
20 | simp1 1132 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)) → 𝑉 ∈ Fin) | |
21 | 19, 20 | anim12i 614 | . . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → (𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin)) |
22 | 11 | anim2i 618 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)) → (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ (𝑁 − 2) ∈ ℕ)) |
23 | 22 | 3adant1 1126 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3)) → (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ (𝑁 − 2) ∈ ℕ)) |
24 | 23 | adantl 484 | . . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ (𝑁 − 2) ∈ ℕ)) |
25 | 14, 15 | numclwwlkqhash 28153 | . . 3 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝑉 ∈ Fin) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ (𝑁 − 2) ∈ ℕ)) → (♯‘(𝑋𝑄(𝑁 − 2))) = ((𝐾↑(𝑁 − 2)) − (♯‘(𝑋(ClWWalksNOn‘𝐺)(𝑁 − 2))))) |
26 | 21, 24, 25 | syl2anc 586 | . 2 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → (♯‘(𝑋𝑄(𝑁 − 2))) = ((𝐾↑(𝑁 − 2)) − (♯‘(𝑋(ClWWalksNOn‘𝐺)(𝑁 − 2))))) |
27 | 8, 18, 26 | 3eqtr2d 2862 | 1 ⊢ (((𝐺 RegUSGraph 𝐾 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ FriendGraph ) ∧ (𝑉 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ≥‘3))) → (♯‘(𝑋𝐻𝑁)) = ((𝐾↑(𝑁 − 2)) − (♯‘(𝑋(ClWWalksNOn‘𝐺)(𝑁 − 2))))) |
Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
Syntax hints: → wi 4 ∧ wa 398 ∧ w3a 1083 = wceq 1533 ∈ wcel 2110 ≠ wne 3016 {crab 3142 class class class wbr 5065 ‘cfv 6354 (class class class)co 7155 ∈ cmpo 7157 Fincfn 8508 0cc0 10536 + caddc 10539 − cmin 10869 ℕcn 11637 2c2 11691 3c3 11692 ℤ≥cuz 12242 ↑cexp 13428 ♯chash 13689 lastSclsw 13913 Vtxcvtx 26780 RegUSGraph crusgr 27337 WWalksN cwwlksn 27603 ClWWalksNOncclwwlknon 27865 FriendGraph cfrgr 28036 |
This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1792 ax-4 1806 ax-5 1907 ax-6 1966 ax-7 2011 ax-8 2112 ax-9 2120 ax-10 2141 ax-11 2157 ax-12 2173 ax-ext 2793 ax-rep 5189 ax-sep 5202 ax-nul 5209 ax-pow 5265 ax-pr 5329 ax-un 7460 ax-inf2 9103 ax-cnex 10592 ax-resscn 10593 ax-1cn 10594 ax-icn 10595 ax-addcl 10596 ax-addrcl 10597 ax-mulcl 10598 ax-mulrcl 10599 ax-mulcom 10600 ax-addass 10601 ax-mulass 10602 ax-distr 10603 ax-i2m1 10604 ax-1ne0 10605 ax-1rid 10606 ax-rnegex 10607 ax-rrecex 10608 ax-cnre 10609 ax-pre-lttri 10610 ax-pre-lttrn 10611 ax-pre-ltadd 10612 ax-pre-mulgt0 10613 ax-pre-sup 10614 |
This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 209 df-an 399 df-or 844 df-3or 1084 df-3an 1085 df-tru 1536 df-fal 1546 df-ex 1777 df-nf 1781 df-sb 2066 df-mo 2618 df-eu 2650 df-clab 2800 df-cleq 2814 df-clel 2893 df-nfc 2963 df-ne 3017 df-nel 3124 df-ral 3143 df-rex 3144 df-reu 3145 df-rmo 3146 df-rab 3147 df-v 3496 df-sbc 3772 df-csb 3883 df-dif 3938 df-un 3940 df-in 3942 df-ss 3951 df-pss 3953 df-nul 4291 df-if 4467 df-pw 4540 df-sn 4567 df-pr 4569 df-tp 4571 df-op 4573 df-uni 4838 df-int 4876 df-iun 4920 df-disj 5031 df-br 5066 df-opab 5128 df-mpt 5146 df-tr 5172 df-id 5459 df-eprel 5464 df-po 5473 df-so 5474 df-fr 5513 df-se 5514 df-we 5515 df-xp 5560 df-rel 5561 df-cnv 5562 df-co 5563 df-dm 5564 df-rn 5565 df-res 5566 df-ima 5567 df-pred 6147 df-ord 6193 df-on 6194 df-lim 6195 df-suc 6196 df-iota 6313 df-fun 6356 df-fn 6357 df-f 6358 df-f1 6359 df-fo 6360 df-f1o 6361 df-fv 6362 df-isom 6363 df-riota 7113 df-ov 7158 df-oprab 7159 df-mpo 7160 df-om 7580 df-1st 7688 df-2nd 7689 df-wrecs 7946 df-recs 8007 df-rdg 8045 df-1o 8101 df-2o 8102 df-oadd 8105 df-er 8288 df-map 8407 df-pm 8408 df-en 8509 df-dom 8510 df-sdom 8511 df-fin 8512 df-sup 8905 df-oi 8973 df-dju 9329 df-card 9367 df-pnf 10676 df-mnf 10677 df-xr 10678 df-ltxr 10679 df-le 10680 df-sub 10871 df-neg 10872 df-div 11297 df-nn 11638 df-2 11699 df-3 11700 df-n0 11897 df-xnn0 11967 df-z 11981 df-uz 12243 df-rp 12389 df-xadd 12507 df-fz 12892 df-fzo 13033 df-seq 13369 df-exp 13429 df-hash 13690 df-word 13861 df-lsw 13914 df-concat 13922 df-s1 13949 df-substr 14002 df-pfx 14032 df-cj 14457 df-re 14458 df-im 14459 df-sqrt 14593 df-abs 14594 df-clim 14844 df-sum 15042 df-vtx 26782 df-iedg 26783 df-edg 26832 df-uhgr 26842 df-ushgr 26843 df-upgr 26866 df-umgr 26867 df-uspgr 26934 df-usgr 26935 df-fusgr 27098 df-nbgr 27114 df-vtxdg 27247 df-rgr 27338 df-rusgr 27339 df-wwlks 27607 df-wwlksn 27608 df-wwlksnon 27609 df-clwwlk 27759 df-clwwlkn 27802 df-clwwlknon 27866 df-frgr 28037 |
This theorem is referenced by: numclwwlk3 28163 |
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