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Theorem bcval5 10350
Description: Write out the top and bottom parts of the binomial coefficient (𝑁C𝐾) = (𝑁 · (𝑁 − 1) · ... · ((𝑁𝐾) + 1)) / 𝐾! explicitly. In this form, it is valid even for 𝑁 < 𝐾, although it is no longer valid for nonpositive 𝐾. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 22-May-2014.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 23-Apr-2023.)
Assertion
Ref Expression
bcval5 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)))

Proof of Theorem bcval5
Dummy variables 𝑥 𝑘 𝑦 𝑓 𝑔 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 bcval2 10337 . . . 4 (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((!‘𝑁) / ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (!‘𝐾))))
21adantl 273 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((!‘𝑁) / ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (!‘𝐾))))
3 simprl 501 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
4 simprr 502 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)) → 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)
53, 4mulcld 7658 . . . . . . . 8 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)) → (𝑘 · 𝑥) ∈ ℂ)
6 simpr1 955 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ ℂ)) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
7 simpr2 956 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ ℂ)) → 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)
8 simpr3 957 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ ℂ)) → 𝑦 ∈ ℂ)
96, 7, 8mulassd 7661 . . . . . . . 8 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ ℂ)) → ((𝑘 · 𝑥) · 𝑦) = (𝑘 · (𝑥 · 𝑦)))
10 simpll 499 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)
1110nn0zd 9023 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)
12 simplr 500 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ)
1312nnzd 9024 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℤ)
1411, 13zsubcld 9030 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℤ)
1514peano2zd 9028 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ∈ ℤ)
16 1red 7653 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 1 ∈ ℝ)
1712nnred 8591 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℝ)
1810nn0red 8883 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℝ)
1912nnge1d 8621 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 1 ≤ 𝐾)
2016, 17, 18, 19lesub2dd 8190 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) ≤ (𝑁 − 1))
2114zred 9025 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℝ)
22 leaddsub 8067 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℝ ∧ 1 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℝ) → (((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 𝑁 ↔ (𝑁𝐾) ≤ (𝑁 − 1)))
2321, 16, 18, 22syl3anc 1184 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 𝑁 ↔ (𝑁𝐾) ≤ (𝑁 − 1)))
2420, 23mpbird 166 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 𝑁)
25 eluz2 9182 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝑁 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)) ↔ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 𝑁))
2615, 11, 24, 25syl3anbrc 1133 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)))
2726adantrr 466 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)))
28 simprr 502 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)
29 nnuz 9211 . . . . . . . . 9 ℕ = (ℤ‘1)
3028, 29syl6eleq 2192 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ (ℤ‘1))
31 fvi 5410 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝑘 ∈ V → ( I ‘𝑘) = 𝑘)
3231elv 2645 . . . . . . . . 9 ( I ‘𝑘) = 𝑘
33 eluzelcn 9187 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘1) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
3433adantl 273 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘1)) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
3532, 34syl5eqel 2186 . . . . . . . 8 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘1)) → ( I ‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ)
365, 9, 27, 30, 35seq3split 10093 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁) = ((seq1( · , I )‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)))
37 elfzuz3 9644 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ𝐾))
3837adantl 273 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ𝐾))
39 eluznn 9244 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝐾 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ𝐾)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)
4012, 38, 39syl2anc 406 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)
4140adantrr 466 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)
42 facnn 10314 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑁 ∈ ℕ → (!‘𝑁) = (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁))
4341, 42syl 14 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (!‘𝑁) = (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁))
44 facnn 10314 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) = (seq1( · , I )‘(𝑁𝐾)))
4528, 44syl 14 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) = (seq1( · , I )‘(𝑁𝐾)))
4645oveq1d 5721 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)) = ((seq1( · , I )‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)))
4736, 43, 463eqtr4d 2142 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (!‘𝑁) = ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)))
4847expr 370 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ → (!‘𝑁) = ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁))))
4910faccld 10323 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝑁) ∈ ℕ)
5049nncnd 8592 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝑁) ∈ ℂ)
5150mulid2d 7656 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (1 · (!‘𝑁)) = (!‘𝑁))
5240, 42syl 14 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝑁) = (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁))
5352oveq2d 5722 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (1 · (!‘𝑁)) = (1 · (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁)))
5451, 53eqtr3d 2134 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝑁) = (1 · (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁)))
55 fveq2 5353 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) = (!‘0))
56 fac0 10315 . . . . . . . . 9 (!‘0) = 1
5755, 56syl6eq 2148 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) = 1)
58 oveq1 5713 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) = (0 + 1))
59 0p1e1 8692 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (0 + 1) = 1
6058, 59syl6eq 2148 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) = 1)
6160seqeq1d 10065 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I ) = seq1( · , I ))
6261fveq1d 5355 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) = (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁))
6357, 62oveq12d 5724 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)) = (1 · (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁)))
6463eqeq2d 2111 . . . . . 6 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → ((!‘𝑁) = ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)) ↔ (!‘𝑁) = (1 · (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁))))
6554, 64syl5ibrcom 156 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → (!‘𝑁) = ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁))))
66 fznn0sub 9678 . . . . . . 7 (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ0)
6766adantl 273 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ0)
68 elnn0 8831 . . . . . 6 ((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ0 ↔ ((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ ∨ (𝑁𝐾) = 0))
6967, 68sylib 121 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ ∨ (𝑁𝐾) = 0))
7048, 65, 69mpjaod 679 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝑁) = ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)))
7170oveq1d 5721 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((!‘𝑁) / ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (!‘𝐾))) = (((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)) / ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (!‘𝐾))))
72 eqid 2100 . . . . . 6 (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)) = (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))
73 fvi 5410 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑓 ∈ V → ( I ‘𝑓) = 𝑓)
7473elv 2645 . . . . . . 7 ( I ‘𝑓) = 𝑓
75 eluzelcn 9187 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑓 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)) → 𝑓 ∈ ℂ)
7675adantl 273 . . . . . . 7 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑓 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))) → 𝑓 ∈ ℂ)
7774, 76syl5eqel 2186 . . . . . 6 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑓 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))) → ( I ‘𝑓) ∈ ℂ)
78 mulcl 7619 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑓 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑔 ∈ ℂ) → (𝑓 · 𝑔) ∈ ℂ)
7978adantl 273 . . . . . 6 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ (𝑓 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑔 ∈ ℂ)) → (𝑓 · 𝑔) ∈ ℂ)
8072, 15, 77, 79seqf 10075 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I ):(ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))⟶ℂ)
8180, 26ffvelrnd 5488 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) ∈ ℂ)
8212nnnn0d 8882 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ0)
8382faccld 10323 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) ∈ ℕ)
8483nncnd 8592 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) ∈ ℂ)
8567faccld 10323 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) ∈ ℕ)
8685nncnd 8592 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) ∈ ℂ)
8783nnap0d 8624 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) # 0)
8885nnap0d 8624 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) # 0)
8981, 84, 86, 87, 88divcanap5d 8438 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)) / ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (!‘𝐾))) = ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)))
902, 71, 893eqtrd 2136 . 2 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)))
91 simplr 500 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ)
9291nnnn0d 8882 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ0)
9392faccld 10323 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) ∈ ℕ)
9493nncnd 8592 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) ∈ ℂ)
9593nnap0d 8624 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) # 0)
9694, 95div0apd 8408 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (0 / (!‘𝐾)) = 0)
97 mulcl 7619 . . . . . 6 ((𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ) → (𝑘 · 𝑥) ∈ ℂ)
9897adantl 273 . . . . 5 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)) → (𝑘 · 𝑥) ∈ ℂ)
99 eluzelcn 9187 . . . . . . 7 (𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
10099adantl 273 . . . . . 6 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
10132, 100syl5eqel 2186 . . . . 5 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))) → ( I ‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ)
102 simpr 109 . . . . . 6 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℂ) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
103102mul02d 8021 . . . . 5 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℂ) → (0 · 𝑘) = 0)
104102mul01d 8022 . . . . 5 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℂ) → (𝑘 · 0) = 0)
105 simpr 109 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁))
106 nn0uz 9210 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 0 = (ℤ‘0)
10792, 106syl6eleq 2192 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ (ℤ‘0))
108 simpll 499 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)
109108nn0zd 9023 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)
110 elfz5 9639 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝐾 ∈ (ℤ‘0) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ↔ 𝐾𝑁))
111107, 109, 110syl2anc 406 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ↔ 𝐾𝑁))
112 nn0re 8838 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℝ)
113112ad2antrr 475 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℝ)
114 nnre 8585 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (𝐾 ∈ ℕ → 𝐾 ∈ ℝ)
115114ad2antlr 476 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℝ)
116113, 115subge0d 8163 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (0 ≤ (𝑁𝐾) ↔ 𝐾𝑁))
117111, 116bitr4d 190 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ↔ 0 ≤ (𝑁𝐾)))
118105, 117mtbid 638 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ¬ 0 ≤ (𝑁𝐾))
119 simpl 108 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)
120119nn0zd 9023 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)
121 simpr 109 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ)
122121nnzd 9024 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → 𝐾 ∈ ℤ)
123120, 122zsubcld 9030 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℤ)
124123adantr 272 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℤ)
125 0z 8917 . . . . . . . . 9 0 ∈ ℤ
126 zltnle 8952 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℤ ∧ 0 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝑁𝐾) < 0 ↔ ¬ 0 ≤ (𝑁𝐾)))
127124, 125, 126sylancl 407 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) < 0 ↔ ¬ 0 ≤ (𝑁𝐾)))
128118, 127mpbird 166 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) < 0)
129 zltp1le 8960 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℤ ∧ 0 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝑁𝐾) < 0 ↔ ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 0))
130124, 125, 129sylancl 407 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) < 0 ↔ ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 0))
131128, 130mpbid 146 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 0)
132 nn0ge0 8854 . . . . . . 7 (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → 0 ≤ 𝑁)
133132ad2antrr 475 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 0 ≤ 𝑁)
134 0zd 8918 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 0 ∈ ℤ)
135124peano2zd 9028 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ∈ ℤ)
136 elfz 9637 . . . . . . 7 ((0 ∈ ℤ ∧ ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (0 ∈ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1)...𝑁) ↔ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 0 ∧ 0 ≤ 𝑁)))
137134, 135, 109, 136syl3anc 1184 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (0 ∈ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1)...𝑁) ↔ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 0 ∧ 0 ≤ 𝑁)))
138131, 133, 137mpbir2and 896 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 0 ∈ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1)...𝑁))
139 0cn 7630 . . . . . 6 0 ∈ ℂ
140 fvi 5410 . . . . . 6 (0 ∈ ℂ → ( I ‘0) = 0)
141139, 140mp1i 10 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ( I ‘0) = 0)
14298, 101, 103, 104, 138, 141seq3z 10125 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) = 0)
143142oveq1d 5721 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)) = (0 / (!‘𝐾)))
144 nnz 8925 . . . . 5 (𝐾 ∈ ℕ → 𝐾 ∈ ℤ)
145 bcval3 10338 . . . . 5 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℤ ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = 0)
146144, 145syl3an2 1218 . . . 4 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = 0)
1471463expa 1149 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = 0)
14896, 143, 1473eqtr4rd 2143 . 2 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)))
149 0zd 8918 . . . 4 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → 0 ∈ ℤ)
150 fzdcel 9661 . . . 4 ((𝐾 ∈ ℤ ∧ 0 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → DECID 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁))
151122, 149, 120, 150syl3anc 1184 . . 3 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → DECID 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁))
152 exmiddc 788 . . 3 (DECID 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) → (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∨ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)))
153151, 152syl 14 . 2 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∨ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)))
15490, 148, 153mpjaodan 753 1 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)))
Colors of variables: wff set class
Syntax hints:  ¬ wn 3  wi 4  wa 103  wb 104  wo 670  DECID wdc 786  w3a 930   = wceq 1299  wcel 1448  Vcvv 2641   class class class wbr 3875   I cid 4148  cfv 5059  (class class class)co 5706  cc 7498  cr 7499  0cc0 7500  1c1 7501   + caddc 7503   · cmul 7505   < clt 7672  cle 7673  cmin 7804   / cdiv 8293  cn 8578  0cn0 8829  cz 8906  cuz 9176  ...cfz 9631  seqcseq 10059  !cfa 10312  Ccbc 10334
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-1 5  ax-2 6  ax-mp 7  ax-ia1 105  ax-ia2 106  ax-ia3 107  ax-in1 584  ax-in2 585  ax-io 671  ax-5 1391  ax-7 1392  ax-gen 1393  ax-ie1 1437  ax-ie2 1438  ax-8 1450  ax-10 1451  ax-11 1452  ax-i12 1453  ax-bndl 1454  ax-4 1455  ax-13 1459  ax-14 1460  ax-17 1474  ax-i9 1478  ax-ial 1482  ax-i5r 1483  ax-ext 2082  ax-coll 3983  ax-sep 3986  ax-nul 3994  ax-pow 4038  ax-pr 4069  ax-un 4293  ax-setind 4390  ax-iinf 4440  ax-cnex 7586  ax-resscn 7587  ax-1cn 7588  ax-1re 7589  ax-icn 7590  ax-addcl 7591  ax-addrcl 7592  ax-mulcl 7593  ax-mulrcl 7594  ax-addcom 7595  ax-mulcom 7596  ax-addass 7597  ax-mulass 7598  ax-distr 7599  ax-i2m1 7600  ax-0lt1 7601  ax-1rid 7602  ax-0id 7603  ax-rnegex 7604  ax-precex 7605  ax-cnre 7606  ax-pre-ltirr 7607  ax-pre-ltwlin 7608  ax-pre-lttrn 7609  ax-pre-apti 7610  ax-pre-ltadd 7611  ax-pre-mulgt0 7612  ax-pre-mulext 7613
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 116  df-dc 787  df-3or 931  df-3an 932  df-tru 1302  df-fal 1305  df-nf 1405  df-sb 1704  df-eu 1963  df-mo 1964  df-clab 2087  df-cleq 2093  df-clel 2096  df-nfc 2229  df-ne 2268  df-nel 2363  df-ral 2380  df-rex 2381  df-reu 2382  df-rmo 2383  df-rab 2384  df-v 2643  df-sbc 2863  df-csb 2956  df-dif 3023  df-un 3025  df-in 3027  df-ss 3034  df-nul 3311  df-if 3422  df-pw 3459  df-sn 3480  df-pr 3481  df-op 3483  df-uni 3684  df-int 3719  df-iun 3762  df-br 3876  df-opab 3930  df-mpt 3931  df-tr 3967  df-id 4153  df-po 4156  df-iso 4157  df-iord 4226  df-on 4228  df-ilim 4229  df-suc 4231  df-iom 4443  df-xp 4483  df-rel 4484  df-cnv 4485  df-co 4486  df-dm 4487  df-rn 4488  df-res 4489  df-ima 4490  df-iota 5024  df-fun 5061  df-fn 5062  df-f 5063  df-f1 5064  df-fo 5065  df-f1o 5066  df-fv 5067  df-riota 5662  df-ov 5709  df-oprab 5710  df-mpo 5711  df-1st 5969  df-2nd 5970  df-recs 6132  df-frec 6218  df-pnf 7674  df-mnf 7675  df-xr 7676  df-ltxr 7677  df-le 7678  df-sub 7806  df-neg 7807  df-reap 8203  df-ap 8210  df-div 8294  df-inn 8579  df-n0 8830  df-z 8907  df-uz 9177  df-q 9262  df-fz 9632  df-seqfrec 10060  df-fac 10313  df-bc 10335
This theorem is referenced by:  bcn2  10351
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