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Theorem bcval5 10676
Description: Write out the top and bottom parts of the binomial coefficient (𝑁C𝐾) = (𝑁 · (𝑁 − 1) · ... · ((𝑁𝐾) + 1)) / 𝐾! explicitly. In this form, it is valid even for 𝑁 < 𝐾, although it is no longer valid for nonpositive 𝐾. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 22-May-2014.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 23-Apr-2023.)
Assertion
Ref Expression
bcval5 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)))

Proof of Theorem bcval5
Dummy variables 𝑥 𝑘 𝑦 𝑓 𝑔 are mutually distinct and distinct from all other variables.
StepHypRef Expression
1 bcval2 10663 . . . 4 (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((!‘𝑁) / ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (!‘𝐾))))
21adantl 275 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((!‘𝑁) / ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (!‘𝐾))))
3 simprl 521 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
4 simprr 522 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)) → 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)
53, 4mulcld 7919 . . . . . . . 8 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)) → (𝑘 · 𝑥) ∈ ℂ)
6 simpr1 993 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ ℂ)) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
7 simpr2 994 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ ℂ)) → 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)
8 simpr3 995 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ ℂ)) → 𝑦 ∈ ℂ)
96, 7, 8mulassd 7922 . . . . . . . 8 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑦 ∈ ℂ)) → ((𝑘 · 𝑥) · 𝑦) = (𝑘 · (𝑥 · 𝑦)))
10 simpll 519 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)
1110nn0zd 9311 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)
12 simplr 520 . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ)
1312nnzd 9312 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℤ)
1411, 13zsubcld 9318 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℤ)
1514peano2zd 9316 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ∈ ℤ)
16 1red 7914 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 1 ∈ ℝ)
1712nnred 8870 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℝ)
1810nn0red 9168 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℝ)
1912nnge1d 8900 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 1 ≤ 𝐾)
2016, 17, 18, 19lesub2dd 8460 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) ≤ (𝑁 − 1))
2114zred 9313 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℝ)
22 leaddsub 8336 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℝ ∧ 1 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℝ) → (((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 𝑁 ↔ (𝑁𝐾) ≤ (𝑁 − 1)))
2321, 16, 18, 22syl3anc 1228 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 𝑁 ↔ (𝑁𝐾) ≤ (𝑁 − 1)))
2420, 23mpbird 166 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 𝑁)
25 eluz2 9472 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝑁 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)) ↔ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 𝑁))
2615, 11, 24, 25syl3anbrc 1171 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)))
2726adantrr 471 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)))
28 simprr 522 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)
29 nnuz 9501 . . . . . . . . 9 ℕ = (ℤ‘1)
3028, 29eleqtrdi 2259 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ (ℤ‘1))
31 fvi 5543 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝑘 ∈ V → ( I ‘𝑘) = 𝑘)
3231elv 2730 . . . . . . . . 9 ( I ‘𝑘) = 𝑘
33 eluzelcn 9477 . . . . . . . . . 10 (𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘1) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
3433adantl 275 . . . . . . . . 9 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘1)) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
3532, 34eqeltrid 2253 . . . . . . . 8 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘1)) → ( I ‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ)
365, 9, 27, 30, 35seq3split 10414 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁) = ((seq1( · , I )‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)))
37 elfzuz3 9957 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ𝐾))
3837adantl 275 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ𝐾))
39 eluznn 9538 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝐾 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (ℤ𝐾)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)
4012, 38, 39syl2anc 409 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)
4140adantrr 471 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)
42 facnn 10640 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑁 ∈ ℕ → (!‘𝑁) = (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁))
4341, 42syl 14 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (!‘𝑁) = (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁))
44 facnn 10640 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) = (seq1( · , I )‘(𝑁𝐾)))
4528, 44syl 14 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) = (seq1( · , I )‘(𝑁𝐾)))
4645oveq1d 5857 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)) = ((seq1( · , I )‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)))
4736, 43, 463eqtr4d 2208 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ)) → (!‘𝑁) = ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)))
4847expr 373 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ → (!‘𝑁) = ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁))))
4910faccld 10649 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝑁) ∈ ℕ)
5049nncnd 8871 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝑁) ∈ ℂ)
5150mulid2d 7917 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (1 · (!‘𝑁)) = (!‘𝑁))
5240, 42syl 14 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝑁) = (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁))
5352oveq2d 5858 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (1 · (!‘𝑁)) = (1 · (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁)))
5451, 53eqtr3d 2200 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝑁) = (1 · (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁)))
55 fveq2 5486 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) = (!‘0))
56 fac0 10641 . . . . . . . . 9 (!‘0) = 1
5755, 56eqtrdi 2215 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) = 1)
58 oveq1 5849 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) = (0 + 1))
59 0p1e1 8971 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (0 + 1) = 1
6058, 59eqtrdi 2215 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) = 1)
6160seqeq1d 10386 . . . . . . . . 9 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I ) = seq1( · , I ))
6261fveq1d 5488 . . . . . . . 8 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) = (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁))
6357, 62oveq12d 5860 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)) = (1 · (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁)))
6463eqeq2d 2177 . . . . . 6 ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → ((!‘𝑁) = ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)) ↔ (!‘𝑁) = (1 · (seq1( · , I )‘𝑁))))
6554, 64syl5ibrcom 156 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) = 0 → (!‘𝑁) = ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁))))
66 fznn0sub 9992 . . . . . . 7 (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ0)
6766adantl 275 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ0)
68 elnn0 9116 . . . . . 6 ((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ0 ↔ ((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ ∨ (𝑁𝐾) = 0))
6967, 68sylib 121 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℕ ∨ (𝑁𝐾) = 0))
7048, 65, 69mpjaod 708 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝑁) = ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)))
7170oveq1d 5857 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((!‘𝑁) / ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (!‘𝐾))) = (((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)) / ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (!‘𝐾))))
72 eqid 2165 . . . . . 6 (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)) = (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))
73 fvi 5543 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑓 ∈ V → ( I ‘𝑓) = 𝑓)
7473elv 2730 . . . . . . 7 ( I ‘𝑓) = 𝑓
75 eluzelcn 9477 . . . . . . . 8 (𝑓 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)) → 𝑓 ∈ ℂ)
7675adantl 275 . . . . . . 7 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑓 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))) → 𝑓 ∈ ℂ)
7774, 76eqeltrid 2253 . . . . . 6 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑓 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))) → ( I ‘𝑓) ∈ ℂ)
78 mulcl 7880 . . . . . . 7 ((𝑓 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑔 ∈ ℂ) → (𝑓 · 𝑔) ∈ ℂ)
7978adantl 275 . . . . . 6 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ (𝑓 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑔 ∈ ℂ)) → (𝑓 · 𝑔) ∈ ℂ)
8072, 15, 77, 79seqf 10396 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I ):(ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))⟶ℂ)
8180, 26ffvelrnd 5621 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) ∈ ℂ)
8212nnnn0d 9167 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ0)
8382faccld 10649 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) ∈ ℕ)
8483nncnd 8871 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) ∈ ℂ)
8567faccld 10649 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) ∈ ℕ)
8685nncnd 8871 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) ∈ ℂ)
8783nnap0d 8903 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) # 0)
8885nnap0d 8903 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘(𝑁𝐾)) # 0)
8981, 84, 86, 87, 88divcanap5d 8713 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁)) / ((!‘(𝑁𝐾)) · (!‘𝐾))) = ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)))
902, 71, 893eqtrd 2202 . 2 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)))
91 simplr 520 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ)
9291nnnn0d 9167 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ0)
9392faccld 10649 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) ∈ ℕ)
9493nncnd 8871 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) ∈ ℂ)
9593nnap0d 8903 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (!‘𝐾) # 0)
9694, 95div0apd 8683 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (0 / (!‘𝐾)) = 0)
97 mulcl 7880 . . . . . 6 ((𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ) → (𝑘 · 𝑥) ∈ ℂ)
9897adantl 275 . . . . 5 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℂ)) → (𝑘 · 𝑥) ∈ ℂ)
99 eluzelcn 9477 . . . . . . 7 (𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1)) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
10099adantl 275 . . . . . 6 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
10132, 100eqeltrid 2253 . . . . 5 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ (ℤ‘((𝑁𝐾) + 1))) → ( I ‘𝑘) ∈ ℂ)
102 simpr 109 . . . . . 6 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℂ) → 𝑘 ∈ ℂ)
103102mul02d 8290 . . . . 5 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℂ) → (0 · 𝑘) = 0)
104102mul01d 8291 . . . . 5 ((((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ 𝑘 ∈ ℂ) → (𝑘 · 0) = 0)
105 simpr 109 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁))
106 nn0uz 9500 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 0 = (ℤ‘0)
10792, 106eleqtrdi 2259 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ (ℤ‘0))
108 simpll 519 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)
109108nn0zd 9311 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)
110 elfz5 9952 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝐾 ∈ (ℤ‘0) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ↔ 𝐾𝑁))
111107, 109, 110syl2anc 409 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ↔ 𝐾𝑁))
112 nn0re 9123 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝑁 ∈ ℝ)
113112ad2antrr 480 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝑁 ∈ ℝ)
114 nnre 8864 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 (𝐾 ∈ ℕ → 𝐾 ∈ ℝ)
115114ad2antlr 481 . . . . . . . . . . 11 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐾 ∈ ℝ)
116113, 115subge0d 8433 . . . . . . . . . 10 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (0 ≤ (𝑁𝐾) ↔ 𝐾𝑁))
117111, 116bitr4d 190 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ↔ 0 ≤ (𝑁𝐾)))
118105, 117mtbid 662 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ¬ 0 ≤ (𝑁𝐾))
119 simpl 108 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)
120119nn0zd 9311 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)
121 simpr 109 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ)
122121nnzd 9312 . . . . . . . . . . 11 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → 𝐾 ∈ ℤ)
123120, 122zsubcld 9318 . . . . . . . . . 10 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℤ)
124123adantr 274 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℤ)
125 0z 9202 . . . . . . . . 9 0 ∈ ℤ
126 zltnle 9237 . . . . . . . . 9 (((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℤ ∧ 0 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝑁𝐾) < 0 ↔ ¬ 0 ≤ (𝑁𝐾)))
127124, 125, 126sylancl 410 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) < 0 ↔ ¬ 0 ≤ (𝑁𝐾)))
128118, 127mpbird 166 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁𝐾) < 0)
129 zltp1le 9245 . . . . . . . 8 (((𝑁𝐾) ∈ ℤ ∧ 0 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝑁𝐾) < 0 ↔ ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 0))
130124, 125, 129sylancl 410 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) < 0 ↔ ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 0))
131128, 130mpbid 146 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 0)
132 nn0ge0 9139 . . . . . . 7 (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → 0 ≤ 𝑁)
133132ad2antrr 480 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 0 ≤ 𝑁)
134 0zd 9203 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 0 ∈ ℤ)
135124peano2zd 9316 . . . . . . 7 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ∈ ℤ)
136 elfz 9950 . . . . . . 7 ((0 ∈ ℤ ∧ ((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (0 ∈ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1)...𝑁) ↔ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 0 ∧ 0 ≤ 𝑁)))
137134, 135, 109, 136syl3anc 1228 . . . . . 6 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (0 ∈ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1)...𝑁) ↔ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1) ≤ 0 ∧ 0 ≤ 𝑁)))
138131, 133, 137mpbir2and 934 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 0 ∈ (((𝑁𝐾) + 1)...𝑁))
139 0cn 7891 . . . . . 6 0 ∈ ℂ
140 fvi 5543 . . . . . 6 (0 ∈ ℂ → ( I ‘0) = 0)
141139, 140mp1i 10 . . . . 5 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ( I ‘0) = 0)
14298, 101, 103, 104, 138, 141seq3z 10446 . . . 4 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) = 0)
143142oveq1d 5857 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)) = (0 / (!‘𝐾)))
144 nnz 9210 . . . . 5 (𝐾 ∈ ℕ → 𝐾 ∈ ℤ)
145 bcval3 10664 . . . . 5 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℤ ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = 0)
146144, 145syl3an2 1262 . . . 4 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = 0)
1471463expa 1193 . . 3 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = 0)
14896, 143, 1473eqtr4rd 2209 . 2 (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)))
149 0zd 9203 . . . 4 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → 0 ∈ ℤ)
150 fzdcel 9975 . . . 4 ((𝐾 ∈ ℤ ∧ 0 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → DECID 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁))
151122, 149, 120, 150syl3anc 1228 . . 3 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → DECID 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁))
152 exmiddc 826 . . 3 (DECID 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) → (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∨ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)))
153151, 152syl 14 . 2 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → (𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∨ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁)))
15490, 148, 153mpjaodan 788 1 ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐾 ∈ ℕ) → (𝑁C𝐾) = ((seq((𝑁𝐾) + 1)( · , I )‘𝑁) / (!‘𝐾)))
Colors of variables: wff set class
Syntax hints:  ¬ wn 3  wi 4  wa 103  wb 104  wo 698  DECID wdc 824  w3a 968   = wceq 1343  wcel 2136  Vcvv 2726   class class class wbr 3982   I cid 4266  cfv 5188  (class class class)co 5842  cc 7751  cr 7752  0cc0 7753  1c1 7754   + caddc 7756   · cmul 7758   < clt 7933  cle 7934  cmin 8069   / cdiv 8568  cn 8857  0cn0 9114  cz 9191  cuz 9466  ...cfz 9944  seqcseq 10380  !cfa 10638  Ccbc 10660
This theorem was proved from axioms:  ax-mp 5  ax-1 6  ax-2 7  ax-ia1 105  ax-ia2 106  ax-ia3 107  ax-in1 604  ax-in2 605  ax-io 699  ax-5 1435  ax-7 1436  ax-gen 1437  ax-ie1 1481  ax-ie2 1482  ax-8 1492  ax-10 1493  ax-11 1494  ax-i12 1495  ax-bndl 1497  ax-4 1498  ax-17 1514  ax-i9 1518  ax-ial 1522  ax-i5r 1523  ax-13 2138  ax-14 2139  ax-ext 2147  ax-coll 4097  ax-sep 4100  ax-nul 4108  ax-pow 4153  ax-pr 4187  ax-un 4411  ax-setind 4514  ax-iinf 4565  ax-cnex 7844  ax-resscn 7845  ax-1cn 7846  ax-1re 7847  ax-icn 7848  ax-addcl 7849  ax-addrcl 7850  ax-mulcl 7851  ax-mulrcl 7852  ax-addcom 7853  ax-mulcom 7854  ax-addass 7855  ax-mulass 7856  ax-distr 7857  ax-i2m1 7858  ax-0lt1 7859  ax-1rid 7860  ax-0id 7861  ax-rnegex 7862  ax-precex 7863  ax-cnre 7864  ax-pre-ltirr 7865  ax-pre-ltwlin 7866  ax-pre-lttrn 7867  ax-pre-apti 7868  ax-pre-ltadd 7869  ax-pre-mulgt0 7870  ax-pre-mulext 7871
This theorem depends on definitions:  df-bi 116  df-dc 825  df-3or 969  df-3an 970  df-tru 1346  df-fal 1349  df-nf 1449  df-sb 1751  df-eu 2017  df-mo 2018  df-clab 2152  df-cleq 2158  df-clel 2161  df-nfc 2297  df-ne 2337  df-nel 2432  df-ral 2449  df-rex 2450  df-reu 2451  df-rmo 2452  df-rab 2453  df-v 2728  df-sbc 2952  df-csb 3046  df-dif 3118  df-un 3120  df-in 3122  df-ss 3129  df-nul 3410  df-if 3521  df-pw 3561  df-sn 3582  df-pr 3583  df-op 3585  df-uni 3790  df-int 3825  df-iun 3868  df-br 3983  df-opab 4044  df-mpt 4045  df-tr 4081  df-id 4271  df-po 4274  df-iso 4275  df-iord 4344  df-on 4346  df-ilim 4347  df-suc 4349  df-iom 4568  df-xp 4610  df-rel 4611  df-cnv 4612  df-co 4613  df-dm 4614  df-rn 4615  df-res 4616  df-ima 4617  df-iota 5153  df-fun 5190  df-fn 5191  df-f 5192  df-f1 5193  df-fo 5194  df-f1o 5195  df-fv 5196  df-riota 5798  df-ov 5845  df-oprab 5846  df-mpo 5847  df-1st 6108  df-2nd 6109  df-recs 6273  df-frec 6359  df-pnf 7935  df-mnf 7936  df-xr 7937  df-ltxr 7938  df-le 7939  df-sub 8071  df-neg 8072  df-reap 8473  df-ap 8480  df-div 8569  df-inn 8858  df-n0 9115  df-z 9192  df-uz 9467  df-q 9558  df-fz 9945  df-seqfrec 10381  df-fac 10639  df-bc 10661
This theorem is referenced by:  bcn2  10677
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