P. 85 of Theorem List - Intuitionistic Logic Explorer

Theorem List for Intuitionistic Logic Explorer - 8401-8500   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	leadd1i 8401	Addition to both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by NM, 11-Aug-1999.)
|- A e. RR   &    |- B e. RR   &    |- C e. RR   =>    |- ( A <_ B <-> ( A + C ) <_ ( B + C ) )
Theorem	leadd2i 8402	Addition to both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by NM, 11-Aug-1999.)
|- A e. RR   &    |- B e. RR   &    |- C e. RR   =>    |- ( A <_ B <-> ( C + A ) <_ ( C + B ) )
Theorem	ltsubaddi 8403	'Less than' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jan-1997.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.)
|- A e. RR   &    |- B e. RR   &    |- C e. RR   =>    |- ( ( A - B ) < C <-> A < ( C + B ) )
Theorem	lesubaddi 8404	'Less than or equal to' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by NM, 30-Sep-1999.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.)
|- A e. RR   &    |- B e. RR   &    |- C e. RR   =>    |- ( ( A - B ) <_ C <-> A <_ ( C + B ) )
Theorem	ltsubadd2i 8405	'Less than' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jan-1997.)
|- A e. RR   &    |- B e. RR   &    |- C e. RR   =>    |- ( ( A - B ) < C <-> A < ( B + C ) )
Theorem	lesubadd2i 8406	'Less than or equal to' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by NM, 3-Aug-1999.)
|- A e. RR   &    |- B e. RR   &    |- C e. RR   =>    |- ( ( A - B ) <_ C <-> A <_ ( B + C ) )
Theorem	ltaddsubi 8407	'Less than' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by NM, 14-May-1999.)
|- A e. RR   &    |- B e. RR   &    |- C e. RR   =>    |- ( ( A + B ) < C <-> A < ( C - B ) )
Theorem	lt2addi 8408	Adding both side of two inequalities. Theorem I.25 of [Apostol] p. 20. (Contributed by NM, 14-May-1999.)
|- A e. RR   &    |- B e. RR   &    |- C e. RR   &    |- D e. RR   =>    |- ( ( A < C /\ B < D ) -> ( A + B ) < ( C + D ) )
Theorem	le2addi 8409	Adding both side of two inequalities. (Contributed by NM, 16-Sep-1999.)
|- A e. RR   &    |- B e. RR   &    |- C e. RR   &    |- D e. RR   =>    |- ( ( A <_ C /\ B <_ D ) -> ( A + B ) <_ ( C + D ) )
Theorem	gt0ne0d 8410	Positive implies nonzero. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> 0 < A )   =>    |- ( ph -> A =/= 0 )
Theorem	lt0ne0d 8411	Something less than zero is not zero. Deduction form. See also lt0ap0d 8547 which is similar but for apartness. (Contributed by David Moews, 28-Feb-2017.)
|- ( ph -> A < 0 )   =>    |- ( ph -> A =/= 0 )
Theorem	leidd 8412	'Less than or equal to' is reflexive. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> A <_ A )
Theorem	lt0neg1d 8413	Comparison of a number and its negative to zero. Theorem I.23 of [Apostol] p. 20. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A < 0 <-> 0 < -u A ) )
Theorem	lt0neg2d 8414	Comparison of a number and its negative to zero. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 0 < A <-> -u A < 0 ) )
Theorem	le0neg1d 8415	Comparison of a number and its negative to zero. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A <_ 0 <-> 0 <_ -u A ) )
Theorem	le0neg2d 8416	Comparison of a number and its negative to zero. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 0 <_ A <-> -u A <_ 0 ) )
Theorem	addgegt0d 8417	Addition of nonnegative and positive numbers is positive. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> 0 <_ A )   &    |- ( ph -> 0 < B )   =>    |- ( ph -> 0 < ( A + B ) )
Theorem	addgtge0d 8418	Addition of positive and nonnegative numbers is positive. (Contributed by Asger C. Ipsen, 12-May-2021.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> 0 < A )   &    |- ( ph -> 0 <_ B )   =>    |- ( ph -> 0 < ( A + B ) )
Theorem	addgt0d 8419	Addition of 2 positive numbers is positive. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> 0 < A )   &    |- ( ph -> 0 < B )   =>    |- ( ph -> 0 < ( A + B ) )
Theorem	addge0d 8420	Addition of 2 nonnegative numbers is nonnegative. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> 0 <_ A )   &    |- ( ph -> 0 <_ B )   =>    |- ( ph -> 0 <_ ( A + B ) )
Theorem	ltnegd 8421	Negative of both sides of 'less than'. Theorem I.23 of [Apostol] p. 20. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A < B <-> -u B < -u A ) )
Theorem	lenegd 8422	Negative of both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A <_ B <-> -u B <_ -u A ) )
Theorem	ltnegcon1d 8423	Contraposition of negative in 'less than'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> -u A < B )   =>    |- ( ph -> -u B < A )
Theorem	ltnegcon2d 8424	Contraposition of negative in 'less than'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A < -u B )   =>    |- ( ph -> B < -u A )
Theorem	lenegcon1d 8425	Contraposition of negative in 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> -u A <_ B )   =>    |- ( ph -> -u B <_ A )
Theorem	lenegcon2d 8426	Contraposition of negative in 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A <_ -u B )   =>    |- ( ph -> B <_ -u A )
Theorem	ltaddposd 8427	Adding a positive number to another number increases it. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 0 < A <-> B < ( B + A ) ) )
Theorem	ltaddpos2d 8428	Adding a positive number to another number increases it. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 0 < A <-> B < ( A + B ) ) )
Theorem	ltsubposd 8429	Subtracting a positive number from another number decreases it. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 0 < A <-> ( B - A ) < B ) )
Theorem	posdifd 8430	Comparison of two numbers whose difference is positive. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A < B <-> 0 < ( B - A ) ) )
Theorem	addge01d 8431	A number is less than or equal to itself plus a nonnegative number. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 0 <_ B <-> A <_ ( A + B ) ) )
Theorem	addge02d 8432	A number is less than or equal to itself plus a nonnegative number. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 0 <_ B <-> A <_ ( B + A ) ) )
Theorem	subge0d 8433	Nonnegative subtraction. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 0 <_ ( A - B ) <-> B <_ A ) )
Theorem	suble0d 8434	Nonpositive subtraction. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( ( A - B ) <_ 0 <-> A <_ B ) )
Theorem	subge02d 8435	Nonnegative subtraction. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 0 <_ B <-> ( A - B ) <_ A ) )
Theorem	ltadd1d 8436	Addition to both sides of 'less than'. Theorem I.18 of [Apostol] p. 20. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A < B <-> ( A + C ) < ( B + C ) ) )
Theorem	leadd1d 8437	Addition to both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A <_ B <-> ( A + C ) <_ ( B + C ) ) )
Theorem	leadd2d 8438	Addition to both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A <_ B <-> ( C + A ) <_ ( C + B ) ) )
Theorem	ltsubaddd 8439	'Less than' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( ( A - B ) < C <-> A < ( C + B ) ) )
Theorem	lesubaddd 8440	'Less than or equal to' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( ( A - B ) <_ C <-> A <_ ( C + B ) ) )
Theorem	ltsubadd2d 8441	'Less than' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( ( A - B ) < C <-> A < ( B + C ) ) )
Theorem	lesubadd2d 8442	'Less than or equal to' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( ( A - B ) <_ C <-> A <_ ( B + C ) ) )
Theorem	ltaddsubd 8443	'Less than' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( ( A + B ) < C <-> A < ( C - B ) ) )
Theorem	ltaddsub2d 8444	'Less than' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 29-Dec-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( ( A + B ) < C <-> B < ( C - A ) ) )
Theorem	leaddsub2d 8445	'Less than or equal to' relationship between and addition and subtraction. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( ( A + B ) <_ C <-> B <_ ( C - A ) ) )
Theorem	subled 8446	Swap subtrahends in an inequality. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> ( A - B ) <_ C )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A - C ) <_ B )
Theorem	lesubd 8447	Swap subtrahends in an inequality. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A <_ ( B - C ) )   =>    |- ( ph -> C <_ ( B - A ) )
Theorem	ltsub23d 8448	'Less than' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> ( A - B ) < C )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A - C ) < B )
Theorem	ltsub13d 8449	'Less than' relationship between subtraction and addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A < ( B - C ) )   =>    |- ( ph -> C < ( B - A ) )
Theorem	lesub1d 8450	Subtraction from both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A <_ B <-> ( A - C ) <_ ( B - C ) ) )
Theorem	lesub2d 8451	Subtraction of both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A <_ B <-> ( C - B ) <_ ( C - A ) ) )
Theorem	ltsub1d 8452	Subtraction from both sides of 'less than'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A < B <-> ( A - C ) < ( B - C ) ) )
Theorem	ltsub2d 8453	Subtraction of both sides of 'less than'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A < B <-> ( C - B ) < ( C - A ) ) )
Theorem	ltadd1dd 8454	Addition to both sides of 'less than'. Theorem I.18 of [Apostol] p. 20. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A < B )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A + C ) < ( B + C ) )
Theorem	ltsub1dd 8455	Subtraction from both sides of 'less than'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A < B )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A - C ) < ( B - C ) )
Theorem	ltsub2dd 8456	Subtraction of both sides of 'less than'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A < B )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( C - B ) < ( C - A ) )
Theorem	leadd1dd 8457	Addition to both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A <_ B )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A + C ) <_ ( B + C ) )
Theorem	leadd2dd 8458	Addition to both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A <_ B )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( C + A ) <_ ( C + B ) )
Theorem	lesub1dd 8459	Subtraction from both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A <_ B )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A - C ) <_ ( B - C ) )
Theorem	lesub2dd 8460	Subtraction of both sides of 'less than or equal to'. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A <_ B )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( C - B ) <_ ( C - A ) )
Theorem	le2addd 8461	Adding both side of two inequalities. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> D e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A <_ C )   &    |- ( ph -> B <_ D )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A + B ) <_ ( C + D ) )
Theorem	le2subd 8462	Subtracting both sides of two 'less than or equal to' relations. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> D e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A <_ C )   &    |- ( ph -> B <_ D )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A - D ) <_ ( C - B ) )
Theorem	ltleaddd 8463	Adding both sides of two orderings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> D e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A < C )   &    |- ( ph -> B <_ D )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A + B ) < ( C + D ) )
Theorem	leltaddd 8464	Adding both sides of two orderings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> D e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A <_ C )   &    |- ( ph -> B < D )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A + B ) < ( C + D ) )
Theorem	lt2addd 8465	Adding both side of two inequalities. Theorem I.25 of [Apostol] p. 20. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> D e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A < C )   &    |- ( ph -> B < D )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A + B ) < ( C + D ) )
Theorem	lt2subd 8466	Subtracting both sides of two 'less than' relations. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> C e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> D e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> A < C )   &    |- ( ph -> B < D )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( A - D ) < ( C - B ) )
Theorem	possumd 8467	Condition for a positive sum. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 16-Dec-2017.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( 0 < ( A + B ) <-> -u B < A ) )
Theorem	sublt0d 8468	When a subtraction gives a negative result. (Contributed by Glauco Siliprandi, 11-Dec-2019.)
|- ( ph -> A e. RR )   &    |- ( ph -> B e. RR )   =>    |- ( ph -> ( ( A - B ) < 0 <-> A < B ) )
Theorem	ltaddsublt 8469	Addition and subtraction on one side of 'less than'. (Contributed by AV, 24-Nov-2018.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ C e. RR ) -> ( B < C <-> ( ( A + B ) - C ) < A ) )
Theorem	1le1 8470	1 <_ 1. Common special case. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 16-Jul-2016.)
|- 1 <_ 1
Theorem	gt0add 8471	A positive sum must have a positive addend. Part of Definition 11.2.7(vi) of [HoTT], p. (varies). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 26-Jan-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ 0 < ( A + B ) ) -> ( 0 < A \/ 0 < B ) )
4.3.5  Real Apartness
Syntax	creap 8472	Class of real apartness relation.
class #ℝ
Definition	df-reap 8473*	Define real apartness. Definition in Section 11.2.1 of [HoTT], p. (varies). Although #ℝ is an apartness relation on the reals (see df-ap 8480 for more discussion of apartness relations), for our purposes it is just a stepping stone to defining # which is an apartness relation on complex numbers. On the reals, #ℝ and # agree (apreap 8485). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 26-Jan-2020.)
|- #ℝ = { <. x , y >. | ( ( x e. RR /\ y e. RR ) /\ ( x < y \/ y < x ) ) }
Theorem	reapval 8474	Real apartness in terms of classes. Beyond the development of # itself, proofs should use reaplt 8486 instead. (New usage is discouraged.) (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 29-Jan-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR ) -> ( A #ℝ B <-> ( A < B \/ B < A ) ) )
Theorem	reapirr 8475	Real apartness is irreflexive. Part of Definition 11.2.7(v) of [HoTT], p. (varies). Beyond the development of # itself, proofs should use apirr 8503 instead. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 26-Jan-2020.)
|- ( A e. RR -> -. A #ℝ A )
Theorem	recexre 8476*	Existence of reciprocal of real number. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 29-Jan-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ A #ℝ 0 ) -> E. x e. RR ( A x. x ) = 1 )
Theorem	reapti 8477	Real apartness is tight. Beyond the development of apartness itself, proofs should use apti 8520. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 30-Jan-2020.) (New usage is discouraged.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR ) -> ( A = B <-> -. A #ℝ B ) )
Theorem	recexgt0 8478*	Existence of reciprocal of positive real number. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 6-Feb-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ 0 < A ) -> E. x e. RR ( 0 < x /\ ( A x. x ) = 1 ) )
4.3.6  Complex Apartness
Syntax	cap 8479	Class of complex apartness relation.
class #
Definition	df-ap 8480*	Define complex apartness. Definition 6.1 of [Geuvers], p. 17. Two numbers are considered apart if it is possible to separate them. One common usage is that we can divide by a number if it is apart from zero (see for example recclap 8575 which says that a number apart from zero has a reciprocal). The defining characteristics of an apartness are irreflexivity (apirr 8503), symmetry (apsym 8504), and cotransitivity (apcotr 8505). Apartness implies negated equality, as seen at apne 8521, and the converse would also follow if we assumed excluded middle. In addition, apartness of complex numbers is tight, which means that two numbers which are not apart are equal (apti 8520). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 26-Jan-2020.)
|- # = { <. x , y >. | E. r e. RR E. s e. RR E. t e. RR E. u e. RR ( ( x = ( r + ( _i x. s ) ) /\ y = ( t + ( _i x. u ) ) ) /\ ( r #ℝ t \/ s #ℝ u ) ) }
Theorem	ixi 8481	_i times itself is minus 1. (Contributed by NM, 6-May-1999.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.)
|- ( _i x. _i ) = -u 1
Theorem	inelr 8482	The imaginary unit _i is not a real number. (Contributed by NM, 6-May-1999.)
|- -. _i e. RR
Theorem	rimul 8483	A real number times the imaginary unit is real only if the number is 0. (Contributed by NM, 28-May-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ ( _i x. A ) e. RR ) -> A = 0 )
Theorem	rereim 8484	Decomposition of a real number into real part (itself) and imaginary part (zero). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 30-Jan-2020.)
|- ( ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR ) /\ ( C e. RR /\ A = ( B + ( _i x. C ) ) ) ) -> ( B = A /\ C = 0 ) )
Theorem	apreap 8485	Complex apartness and real apartness agree on the real numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Jan-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR ) -> ( A # B <-> A #ℝ B ) )
Theorem	reaplt 8486	Real apartness in terms of less than. Part of Definition 11.2.7(vi) of [HoTT], p. (varies). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Feb-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR ) -> ( A # B <-> ( A < B \/ B < A ) ) )
Theorem	reapltxor 8487	Real apartness in terms of less than (exclusive-or version). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 23-Mar-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR ) -> ( A # B <-> ( A < B \/_ B < A ) ) )
Theorem	1ap0 8488	One is apart from zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 24-Feb-2020.)
|- 1 # 0
Theorem	ltmul1a 8489	Multiplication of both sides of 'less than' by a positive number. Theorem I.19 of [Apostol] p. 20. (Contributed by NM, 15-May-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ ( C e. RR /\ 0 < C ) ) /\ A < B ) -> ( A x. C ) < ( B x. C ) )
Theorem	ltmul1 8490	Multiplication of both sides of 'less than' by a positive number. Theorem I.19 of [Apostol] p. 20. Part of Definition 11.2.7(vi) of [HoTT], p. (varies). (Contributed by NM, 13-Feb-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ ( C e. RR /\ 0 < C ) ) -> ( A < B <-> ( A x. C ) < ( B x. C ) ) )
Theorem	lemul1 8491	Multiplication of both sides of 'less than or equal to' by a positive number. (Contributed by NM, 21-Feb-2005.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ ( C e. RR /\ 0 < C ) ) -> ( A <_ B <-> ( A x. C ) <_ ( B x. C ) ) )
Theorem	reapmul1lem 8492	Lemma for reapmul1 8493. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 8-Feb-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ ( C e. RR /\ 0 < C ) ) -> ( A # B <-> ( A x. C ) # ( B x. C ) ) )
Theorem	reapmul1 8493	Multiplication of both sides of real apartness by a real number apart from zero. Special case of apmul1 8684. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 8-Feb-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ ( C e. RR /\ C # 0 ) ) -> ( A # B <-> ( A x. C ) # ( B x. C ) ) )
Theorem	reapadd1 8494	Real addition respects apartness. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 13-Feb-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ C e. RR ) -> ( A # B <-> ( A + C ) # ( B + C ) ) )
Theorem	reapneg 8495	Real negation respects apartness. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 13-Feb-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR ) -> ( A # B <-> -u A # -u B ) )
Theorem	reapcotr 8496	Real apartness is cotransitive. Part of Definition 11.2.7(v) of [HoTT], p. (varies). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 16-Feb-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ C e. RR ) -> ( A # B -> ( A # C \/ B # C ) ) )
Theorem	remulext1 8497	Left extensionality for multiplication. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 19-Feb-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ C e. RR ) -> ( ( A x. C ) # ( B x. C ) -> A # B ) )
Theorem	remulext2 8498	Right extensionality for real multiplication. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR /\ C e. RR ) -> ( ( C x. A ) # ( C x. B ) -> A # B ) )
Theorem	apsqgt0 8499	The square of a real number apart from zero is positive. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 7-Feb-2020.)
|- ( ( A e. RR /\ A # 0 ) -> 0 < ( A x. A ) )
Theorem	cru 8500	The representation of complex numbers in terms of real and imaginary parts is unique. Proposition 10-1.3 of [Gleason] p. 130. (Contributed by NM, 9-May-1999.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|- ( ( ( A e. RR /\ B e. RR ) /\ ( C e. RR /\ D e. RR ) ) -> ( ( A + ( _i x. B ) ) = ( C + ( _i x. D ) ) <-> ( A = C /\ B = D ) ) )