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| Type | Label | Description | 
|---|---|---|
| Statement | ||
| Axiom | ax-addf 8001 | 
Addition is an operation on the complex numbers.  This deprecated axiom is
     provided for historical compatibility but is not a bona fide axiom for
     complex numbers (independent of set theory) since it cannot be interpreted
     as a first- or second-order statement (see
     https://us.metamath.org/downloads/schmidt-cnaxioms.pdf).
It may be
     deleted in the future and should be avoided for new theorems.  Instead,
     the less specific addcl 8004 should be used.  Note that uses of ax-addf 8001 can
     be eliminated by using the defined operation
      This axiom is justified by Theorem axaddf 7935. (New usage is discouraged.) (Contributed by NM, 19-Oct-2004.)  | 
| Axiom | ax-mulf 8002 | 
Multiplication is an operation on the complex numbers.  This axiom tells
     us that  This axiom is justified by Theorem axmulf 7936. (New usage is discouraged.) (Contributed by NM, 19-Oct-2004.)  | 
| Theorem | cnex 8003 | Alias for ax-cnex 7970. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 17-Nov-2014.) | 
| Theorem | addcl 8004 | Alias for ax-addcl 7975, for naming consistency with addcli 8030. Use this theorem instead of ax-addcl 7975 or axaddcl 7931. (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2008.) | 
| Theorem | readdcl 8005 | Alias for ax-addrcl 7976, for naming consistency with readdcli 8039. (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2008.) | 
| Theorem | mulcl 8006 | Alias for ax-mulcl 7977, for naming consistency with mulcli 8031. (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2008.) | 
| Theorem | remulcl 8007 | Alias for ax-mulrcl 7978, for naming consistency with remulcli 8040. (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2008.) | 
| Theorem | mulcom 8008 | Alias for ax-mulcom 7980, for naming consistency with mulcomi 8032. (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2008.) | 
| Theorem | addass 8009 | Alias for ax-addass 7981, for naming consistency with addassi 8034. (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2008.) | 
| Theorem | mulass 8010 | Alias for ax-mulass 7982, for naming consistency with mulassi 8035. (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2008.) | 
| Theorem | adddi 8011 | Alias for ax-distr 7983, for naming consistency with adddii 8036. (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2008.) | 
| Theorem | recn 8012 | A real number is a complex number. (Contributed by NM, 10-Aug-1999.) | 
| Theorem | reex 8013 | The real numbers form a set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 17-Nov-2014.) | 
| Theorem | reelprrecn 8014 | Reals are a subset of the pair of real and complex numbers (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.) | 
| Theorem | cnelprrecn 8015 | Complex numbers are a subset of the pair of real and complex numbers (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.) | 
| Theorem | mpomulf 8016* | Multiplication is an operation on complex numbers. Version of ax-mulf 8002 using maps-to notation, proved from the axioms of set theory and ax-mulcl 7977. (Contributed by GG, 16-Mar-2025.) | 
| Theorem | adddir 8017 | Distributive law for complex numbers (right-distributivity). (Contributed by NM, 10-Oct-2004.) | 
| Theorem | 0cn 8018 | 0 is a complex number. (Contributed by NM, 19-Feb-2005.) | 
| Theorem | 0cnd 8019 | 0 is a complex number, deductive form. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.) | 
| Theorem | c0ex 8020 | 0 is a set (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 7-Jul-2016.) | 
| Theorem | 1ex 8021 | 1 is a set. Common special case. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 7-Jul-2016.) | 
| Theorem | cnre 8022* | Alias for ax-cnre 7990, for naming consistency. (Contributed by NM, 3-Jan-2013.) | 
| Theorem | mulrid 8023 | 
 | 
| Theorem | mullid 8024 | Identity law for multiplication. Note: see mulrid 8023 for commuted version. (Contributed by NM, 8-Oct-1999.) | 
| Theorem | 1re 8025 | 
 | 
| Theorem | 0re 8026 | 
 | 
| Theorem | 0red 8027 | 
 | 
| Theorem | mulridi 8028 | Identity law for multiplication. (Contributed by NM, 14-Feb-1995.) | 
| Theorem | mullidi 8029 | Identity law for multiplication. (Contributed by NM, 14-Feb-1995.) | 
| Theorem | addcli 8030 | Closure law for addition. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-1994.) | 
| Theorem | mulcli 8031 | Closure law for multiplication. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-1994.) | 
| Theorem | mulcomi 8032 | Commutative law for multiplication. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-1994.) | 
| Theorem | mulcomli 8033 | Commutative law for multiplication. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-1994.) | 
| Theorem | addassi 8034 | Associative law for addition. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-1994.) | 
| Theorem | mulassi 8035 | Associative law for multiplication. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-1994.) | 
| Theorem | adddii 8036 | Distributive law (left-distributivity). (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-1994.) | 
| Theorem | adddiri 8037 | Distributive law (right-distributivity). (Contributed by NM, 16-Feb-1995.) | 
| Theorem | recni 8038 | A real number is a complex number. (Contributed by NM, 1-Mar-1995.) | 
| Theorem | readdcli 8039 | Closure law for addition of reals. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jan-1997.) | 
| Theorem | remulcli 8040 | Closure law for multiplication of reals. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jan-1997.) | 
| Theorem | 1red 8041 | 1 is an real number, deductive form (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 6-Dec-2018.) | 
| Theorem | 1cnd 8042 | 1 is a complex number, deductive form (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 6-Dec-2018.) | 
| Theorem | mulridd 8043 | Identity law for multiplication. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | mullidd 8044 | Identity law for multiplication. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | mulid2d 8045 | Identity law for multiplication. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | addcld 8046 | Closure law for addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | mulcld 8047 | Closure law for multiplication. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | mulcomd 8048 | Commutative law for multiplication. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | addassd 8049 | Associative law for addition. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | mulassd 8050 | Associative law for multiplication. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | adddid 8051 | Distributive law (left-distributivity). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | adddird 8052 | Distributive law (right-distributivity). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | adddirp1d 8053 | Distributive law, plus 1 version. (Contributed by Glauco Siliprandi, 11-Dec-2019.) | 
| Theorem | joinlmuladdmuld 8054 | Join AB+CB into (A+C) on LHS. (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 26-Oct-2019.) | 
| Theorem | recnd 8055 | Deduction from real number to complex number. (Contributed by NM, 26-Oct-1999.) | 
| Theorem | readdcld 8056 | Closure law for addition of reals. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | remulcld 8057 | Closure law for multiplication of reals. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.) | 
| Syntax | cpnf 8058 | Plus infinity. | 
| Syntax | cmnf 8059 | Minus infinity. | 
| Syntax | cxr 8060 | The set of extended reals (includes plus and minus infinity). | 
| Syntax | clt 8061 | 'Less than' predicate (extended to include the extended reals). | 
| Syntax | cle 8062 | Extend wff notation to include the 'less than or equal to' relation. | 
| Definition | df-pnf 8063 | 
Define plus infinity.  Note that the definition is arbitrary, requiring
     only that  
     A simpler possibility is to define   | 
| Definition | df-mnf 8064 | 
Define minus infinity as the power set of plus infinity.  Note that the
     definition is arbitrary, requiring only that  | 
| Definition | df-xr 8065 | Define the set of extended reals that includes plus and minus infinity. Definition 12-3.1 of [Gleason] p. 173. (Contributed by NM, 13-Oct-2005.) | 
| Definition | df-ltxr 8066* | 
Define 'less than' on the set of extended reals.  Definition 12-3.1 of
       [Gleason] p. 173.  Note that in our
postulates for complex numbers,
        | 
| Definition | df-le 8067 | Define 'less than or equal to' on the extended real subset of complex numbers. (Contributed by NM, 13-Oct-2005.) | 
| Theorem | pnfnre 8068 | Plus infinity is not a real number. (Contributed by NM, 13-Oct-2005.) | 
| Theorem | mnfnre 8069 | Minus infinity is not a real number. (Contributed by NM, 13-Oct-2005.) | 
| Theorem | ressxr 8070 | The standard reals are a subset of the extended reals. (Contributed by NM, 14-Oct-2005.) | 
| Theorem | rexpssxrxp 8071 | The Cartesian product of standard reals are a subset of the Cartesian product of extended reals (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.) | 
| Theorem | rexr 8072 | A standard real is an extended real. (Contributed by NM, 14-Oct-2005.) | 
| Theorem | 0xr 8073 | Zero is an extended real. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 15-Jun-2014.) | 
| Theorem | renepnf 8074 | No (finite) real equals plus infinity. (Contributed by NM, 14-Oct-2005.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.) | 
| Theorem | renemnf 8075 | No real equals minus infinity. (Contributed by NM, 14-Oct-2005.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.) | 
| Theorem | rexrd 8076 | A standard real is an extended real. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | renepnfd 8077 | No (finite) real equals plus infinity. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | renemnfd 8078 | No real equals minus infinity. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-May-2016.) | 
| Theorem | pnfxr 8079 | Plus infinity belongs to the set of extended reals. (Contributed by NM, 13-Oct-2005.) (Proof shortened by Anthony Hart, 29-Aug-2011.) | 
| Theorem | pnfex 8080 | Plus infinity exists (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.) | 
| Theorem | pnfnemnf 8081 | 
Plus and minus infinity are different elements of  | 
| Theorem | mnfnepnf 8082 | Minus and plus infinity are different (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.) | 
| Theorem | mnfxr 8083 | Minus infinity belongs to the set of extended reals. (Contributed by NM, 13-Oct-2005.) (Proof shortened by Anthony Hart, 29-Aug-2011.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.) | 
| Theorem | rexri 8084 | A standard real is an extended real (inference form.) (Contributed by David Moews, 28-Feb-2017.) | 
| Theorem | 1xr 8085 | 
 | 
| Theorem | renfdisj 8086 | The reals and the infinities are disjoint. (Contributed by NM, 25-Oct-2005.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.) | 
| Theorem | ltrelxr 8087 | 'Less than' is a relation on extended reals. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Apr-2015.) | 
| Theorem | ltrel 8088 | 'Less than' is a relation. (Contributed by NM, 14-Oct-2005.) | 
| Theorem | lerelxr 8089 | 'Less than or equal' is a relation on extended reals. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Apr-2015.) | 
| Theorem | lerel 8090 | 'Less or equal to' is a relation. (Contributed by FL, 2-Aug-2009.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Apr-2015.) | 
| Theorem | xrlenlt 8091 | 'Less than or equal to' expressed in terms of 'less than', for extended reals. (Contributed by NM, 14-Oct-2005.) | 
| Theorem | ltxrlt 8092 | 
The standard less-than  | 
| Theorem | axltirr 8093 | Real number less-than is irreflexive. Axiom for real and complex numbers, derived from set theory. This restates ax-pre-ltirr 7991 with ordering on the extended reals. New proofs should use ltnr 8103 instead for naming consistency. (New usage is discouraged.) (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Jan-2020.) | 
| Theorem | axltwlin 8094 | Real number less-than is weakly linear. Axiom for real and complex numbers, derived from set theory. This restates ax-pre-ltwlin 7992 with ordering on the extended reals. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Jan-2020.) | 
| Theorem | axlttrn 8095 | Ordering on reals is transitive. Axiom for real and complex numbers, derived from set theory. This restates ax-pre-lttrn 7993 with ordering on the extended reals. New proofs should use lttr 8100 instead for naming consistency. (New usage is discouraged.) (Contributed by NM, 13-Oct-2005.) | 
| Theorem | axltadd 8096 | Ordering property of addition on reals. Axiom for real and complex numbers, derived from set theory. (This restates ax-pre-ltadd 7995 with ordering on the extended reals.) (Contributed by NM, 13-Oct-2005.) | 
| Theorem | axapti 8097 | Apartness of reals is tight. Axiom for real and complex numbers, derived from set theory. (This restates ax-pre-apti 7994 with ordering on the extended reals.) (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 29-Jan-2020.) | 
| Theorem | axmulgt0 8098 | The product of two positive reals is positive. Axiom for real and complex numbers, derived from set theory. (This restates ax-pre-mulgt0 7996 with ordering on the extended reals.) (Contributed by NM, 13-Oct-2005.) | 
| Theorem | axsuploc 8099* | An inhabited, bounded-above, located set of reals has a supremum. Axiom for real and complex numbers, derived from ZF set theory. (This restates ax-pre-suploc 8000 with ordering on the extended reals.) (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 30-Jan-2024.) | 
| Theorem | lttr 8100 | Alias for axlttrn 8095, for naming consistency with lttri 8131. New proofs should generally use this instead of ax-pre-lttrn 7993. (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2008.) | 
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