Theorem List for Intuitionistic Logic Explorer - 8901-9000 *Has distinct variable
group(s)
| Type | Label | Description |
| Statement |
| |
| Theorem | addext 8901 |
Strong extensionality for addition. Given excluded middle, apartness
would be equivalent to negated equality and this would follow readily (for
all operations) from oveq12 6067. For us, it is proved a different way.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Feb-2020.)
|
    
     #
   # #     |
| |
| Theorem | apneg 8902 |
Negation respects apartness. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
14-Feb-2020.)
|
    #  #     |
| |
| Theorem | mulext1 8903 |
Left extensionality for complex multiplication. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|
      #
  #    |
| |
| Theorem | mulext2 8904 |
Right extensionality for complex multiplication. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|
      #
  #    |
| |
| Theorem | mulext 8905 |
Strong extensionality for multiplication. Given excluded middle,
apartness would be equivalent to negated equality and this would follow
readily (for all operations) from oveq12 6067. For us, it is proved a
different way. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 23-Feb-2020.)
|
    
     #
   # #     |
| |
| Theorem | mulap0r 8906 |
A product apart from zero. Lemma 2.13 of [Geuvers], p. 6. (Contributed
by Jim Kingdon, 24-Feb-2020.)
|
    #   #
#    |
| |
| Theorem | msqge0 8907 |
A square is nonnegative. Lemma 2.35 of [Geuvers], p. 9. (Contributed by
NM, 23-May-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|

    |
| |
| Theorem | msqge0i 8908 |
A square is nonnegative. (Contributed by NM, 14-May-1999.) (Proof
shortened by Andrew Salmon, 19-Nov-2011.)
|
   |
| |
| Theorem | msqge0d 8909 |
A square is nonnegative. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
27-May-2016.)
|
       |
| |
| Theorem | mulge0 8910 |
The product of two nonnegative numbers is nonnegative. (Contributed by
NM, 8-Oct-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|
    
 
    |
| |
| Theorem | mulge0i 8911 |
The product of two nonnegative numbers is nonnegative. (Contributed by
NM, 30-Jul-1999.)
|
       |
| |
| Theorem | mulge0d 8912 |
The product of two nonnegative numbers is nonnegative. (Contributed by
Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|
             |
| |
| Theorem | apti 8913 |
Complex apartness is tight. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
21-Feb-2020.)
|
    #    |
| |
| Theorem | apne 8914 |
Apartness implies negated equality. We cannot in general prove the
converse (as shown at neapmkv 16980), which is the whole point of having
separate notations for apartness and negated equality. (Contributed by
Jim Kingdon, 21-Feb-2020.)
|
    #    |
| |
| Theorem | apcon4bid 8915 |
Contrapositive law deduction for apartness. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 31-Jul-2023.)
|
          # #
   
   |
| |
| Theorem | leltap 8916 |
implies 'less
than' is 'apart'. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
13-Aug-2021.)
|
 
  #    |
| |
| Theorem | gt0ap0 8917 |
Positive implies apart from zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
27-Feb-2020.)
|
   #
  |
| |
| Theorem | gt0ap0i 8918 |
Positive means apart from zero (useful for ordering theorems involving
division). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 27-Feb-2020.)
|
 #
  |
| |
| Theorem | gt0ap0ii 8919 |
Positive implies apart from zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
27-Feb-2020.)
|
#  |
| |
| Theorem | gt0ap0d 8920 |
Positive implies apart from zero. Because of the way we define
#, must be an
element of , not
just .
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 27-Feb-2020.)
|
     #   |
| |
| Theorem | negap0 8921 |
A number is apart from zero iff its negative is apart from zero.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 27-Feb-2020.)
|
  #  #    |
| |
| Theorem | negap0d 8922 |
The negative of a number apart from zero is apart from zero.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Feb-2024.)
|
   #    #   |
| |
| Theorem | ltleap 8923 |
Less than in terms of non-strict order and apartness. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 28-Feb-2020.)
|
     #     |
| |
| Theorem | ltap 8924 |
'Less than' implies apart. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 12-Aug-2021.)
|
   #   |
| |
| Theorem | gtapii 8925 |
'Greater than' implies apart. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
12-Aug-2021.)
|
#  |
| |
| Theorem | ltapii 8926 |
'Less than' implies apart. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
12-Aug-2021.)
|
#  |
| |
| Theorem | ltapi 8927 |
'Less than' implies apart. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
12-Aug-2021.)
|
 #   |
| |
| Theorem | gtapd 8928 |
'Greater than' implies apart. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
12-Aug-2021.)
|
       #   |
| |
| Theorem | ltapd 8929 |
'Less than' implies apart. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
12-Aug-2021.)
|
       #   |
| |
| Theorem | leltapd 8930 |
implies 'less
than' is 'apart'. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
13-Aug-2021.)
|
        #
   |
| |
| Theorem | ap0gt0 8931 |
A nonnegative number is apart from zero if and only if it is positive.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 11-Aug-2021.)
|
    #    |
| |
| Theorem | ap0gt0d 8932 |
A nonzero nonnegative number is positive. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 11-Aug-2021.)
|
     #     |
| |
| Theorem | apsub1 8933 |
Subtraction respects apartness. Analogue of subcan2 8514 for apartness.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 6-Jan-2022.)
|
    #   #
     |
| |
| Theorem | subap0 8934 |
Two numbers being apart is equivalent to their difference being apart from
zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Dec-2022.)
|
      # #    |
| |
| Theorem | subap0d 8935 |
Two numbers apart from each other have difference apart from zero.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 12-Aug-2021.) (Proof shortened by BJ,
15-Aug-2024.)
|
     #
    #
  |
| |
| Theorem | cnstab 8936 |
Equality of complex numbers is stable. Stability here means
as defined at df-stab 839. This theorem for real
numbers is Proposition 5.2 of [BauerHanson], p. 27. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 1-Aug-2023.) (Proof shortened by BJ, 15-Aug-2024.)
|
   STAB   |
| |
| Theorem | aprcl 8937 |
Reverse closure for apartness. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
19-Dec-2023.)
|
 # 
   |
| |
| Theorem | apsscn 8938* |
The points apart from a given point are complex numbers. (Contributed
by Jim Kingdon, 19-Dec-2023.)
|
 #
  |
| |
| Theorem | lt0ap0 8939 |
A number which is less than zero is apart from zero. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 25-Feb-2024.)
|
  
#   |
| |
| Theorem | lt0ap0d 8940 |
A real number less than zero is apart from zero. Deduction form.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 24-Feb-2024.)
|
     #   |
| |
| Theorem | aptap 8941 |
Complex apartness (as defined at df-ap 8873) is a tight apartness (as
defined at df-tap 7579). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 16-Feb-2025.)
|
# TAp  |
| |
| 4.3.7 Reciprocals
|
| |
| Theorem | recextlem1 8942 |
Lemma for recexap 8944. (Contributed by Eric Schmidt, 23-May-2007.)
|
                     |
| |
| Theorem | recexaplem2 8943 |
Lemma for recexap 8944. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 20-Feb-2020.)
|
      #    
   #   |
| |
| Theorem | recexap 8944* |
Existence of reciprocal of nonzero complex number. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 20-Feb-2020.)
|
  #   

  |
| |
| Theorem | mulap0 8945 |
The product of two numbers apart from zero is apart from zero. Lemma
2.15 of [Geuvers], p. 6. (Contributed
by Jim Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|
   # 
 #   
 #   |
| |
| Theorem | mulap0b 8946 |
The product of two numbers apart from zero is apart from zero.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 24-Feb-2020.)
|
     # #    #    |
| |
| Theorem | mulap0i 8947 |
The product of two numbers apart from zero is apart from zero.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 23-Feb-2020.)
|
# #   #  |
| |
| Theorem | mulap0bd 8948 |
The product of two numbers apart from zero is apart from zero. Exercise
11.11 of [HoTT], p. (varies).
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
24-Feb-2020.)
|
       # #    #
   |
| |
| Theorem | mulap0d 8949 |
The product of two numbers apart from zero is apart from zero.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 23-Feb-2020.)
|
     #
  #
    #
  |
| |
| Theorem | mulap0bad 8950 |
A factor of a complex number apart from zero is apart from zero.
Partial converse of mulap0d 8949 and consequence of mulap0bd 8948.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 24-Feb-2020.)
|
       #
  #
  |
| |
| Theorem | mulap0bbd 8951 |
A factor of a complex number apart from zero is apart from zero.
Partial converse of mulap0d 8949 and consequence of mulap0bd 8948.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 24-Feb-2020.)
|
       #
  #
  |
| |
| Theorem | mulcanapd 8952 |
Cancellation law for multiplication. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
21-Feb-2020.)
|
       #     
 
   |
| |
| Theorem | mulcanap2d 8953 |
Cancellation law for multiplication. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
21-Feb-2020.)
|
       #     
 
   |
| |
| Theorem | mulcanapad 8954 |
Cancellation of a nonzero factor on the left in an equation. One-way
deduction form of mulcanapd 8952. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
21-Feb-2020.)
|
       #           |
| |
| Theorem | mulcanap2ad 8955 |
Cancellation of a nonzero factor on the right in an equation. One-way
deduction form of mulcanap2d 8953. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
21-Feb-2020.)
|
       #           |
| |
| Theorem | mulcanap 8956 |
Cancellation law for multiplication (full theorem form). (Contributed by
Jim Kingdon, 21-Feb-2020.)
|
   #     
 
   |
| |
| Theorem | mulcanap2 8957 |
Cancellation law for multiplication. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
21-Feb-2020.)
|
   #     
 
   |
| |
| Theorem | mulcanapi 8958 |
Cancellation law for multiplication. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
21-Feb-2020.)
|
#   
 
  |
| |
| Theorem | muleqadd 8959 |
Property of numbers whose product equals their sum. Equation 5 of
[Kreyszig] p. 12. (Contributed by NM,
13-Nov-2006.)
|
          
      |
| |
| Theorem | receuap 8960* |
Existential uniqueness of reciprocals. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
21-Feb-2020.)
|
  #  


  |
| |
| Theorem | mul0eqap 8961 |
If two numbers are apart from each other and their product is zero, one
of them must be zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Jul-2023.)
|
     #
   
  
   |
| |
| Theorem | recapb 8962* |
A complex number has a multiplicative inverse if and only if it is apart
from zero. Theorem 11.2.4 of [HoTT], p.
(varies), generalized from
real to complex numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 18-Jan-2025.)
|
  #  

   |
| |
| 4.3.8 Division
|
| |
| Syntax | cdiv 8963 |
Extend class notation to include division.
|
 |
| |
| Definition | df-div 8964* |
Define division. Theorem divmulap 8966 relates it to multiplication, and
divclap 8969 and redivclap 9022 prove its closure laws. (Contributed by NM,
2-Feb-1995.) Use divvalap 8965 instead. (Revised by Mario Carneiro,
1-Apr-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
|
       

    |
| |
| Theorem | divvalap 8965* |
Value of division: the (unique) element such that
  . This is meaningful only when is apart from
zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 21-Feb-2020.)
|
  #  
    
   |
| |
| Theorem | divmulap 8966 |
Relationship between division and multiplication. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|
   #     
     |
| |
| Theorem | divmulap2 8967 |
Relationship between division and multiplication. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|
   #     
     |
| |
| Theorem | divmulap3 8968 |
Relationship between division and multiplication. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|
   #     
     |
| |
| Theorem | divclap 8969 |
Closure law for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|
  #  
   |
| |
| Theorem | recclap 8970 |
Closure law for reciprocal. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|
  #   
  |
| |
| Theorem | divcanap2 8971 |
A cancellation law for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
22-Feb-2020.)
|
  #  
     |
| |
| Theorem | divcanap1 8972 |
A cancellation law for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
22-Feb-2020.)
|
  #    

  |
| |
| Theorem | diveqap0 8973 |
A ratio is zero iff the numerator is zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
22-Feb-2020.)
|
  #    
   |
| |
| Theorem | divap0b 8974 |
The ratio of numbers apart from zero is apart from zero. (Contributed by
Jim Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|
  #   #
  #
   |
| |
| Theorem | divap0 8975 |
The ratio of numbers apart from zero is apart from zero. (Contributed by
Jim Kingdon, 22-Feb-2020.)
|
   # 
 #   
 #   |
| |
| Theorem | recap0 8976 |
The reciprocal of a number apart from zero is apart from zero.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 24-Feb-2020.)
|
  #    #   |
| |
| Theorem | recidap 8977 |
Multiplication of a number and its reciprocal. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 24-Feb-2020.)
|
  #   
    |
| |
| Theorem | recidap2 8978 |
Multiplication of a number and its reciprocal. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 24-Feb-2020.)
|
  #    

  |
| |
| Theorem | divrecap 8979 |
Relationship between division and reciprocal. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 24-Feb-2020.)
|
  #  
       |
| |
| Theorem | divrecap2 8980 |
Relationship between division and reciprocal. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 25-Feb-2020.)
|
  #  
       |
| |
| Theorem | divassap 8981 |
An associative law for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
   #     
  
    |
| |
| Theorem | div23ap 8982 |
A commutative/associative law for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
   #     
       |
| |
| Theorem | div32ap 8983 |
A commutative/associative law for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
   #             |
| |
| Theorem | div13ap 8984 |
A commutative/associative law for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
   #             |
| |
| Theorem | div12ap 8985 |
A commutative/associative law for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
   #        
    |
| |
| Theorem | divmulassap 8986 |
An associative law for division and multiplication. (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon, 24-Jan-2022.)
|
   
 #     
           |
| |
| Theorem | divmulasscomap 8987 |
An associative/commutative law for division and multiplication.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 24-Jan-2022.)
|
   
 #     
      
    |
| |
| Theorem | divdirap 8988 |
Distribution of division over addition. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
   #     
    
    |
| |
| Theorem | divcanap3 8989 |
A cancellation law for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
  #    
   |
| |
| Theorem | divcanap4 8990 |
A cancellation law for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
  #    
   |
| |
| Theorem | div11ap 8991 |
One-to-one relationship for division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
   #     
 
   |
| |
| Theorem | dividap 8992 |
A number divided by itself is one. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
  #   
  |
| |
| Theorem | div0ap 8993 |
Division into zero is zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Feb-2020.)
|
  #   
  |
| |
| Theorem | div1 8994 |
A number divided by 1 is itself. (Contributed by NM, 9-Jan-2002.) (Proof
shortened by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
|
     |
| |
| Theorem | 1div1e1 8995 |
1 divided by 1 is 1 (common case). (Contributed by David A. Wheeler,
7-Dec-2018.)
|
   |
| |
| Theorem | diveqap1 8996 |
Equality in terms of unit ratio. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
  #    
   |
| |
| Theorem | divnegap 8997 |
Move negative sign inside of a division. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon,
25-Feb-2020.)
|
  #    
     |
| |
| Theorem | muldivdirap 8998 |
Distribution of division over addition with a multiplication.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 11-Nov-2021.)
|
   #       
  
    |
| |
| Theorem | divsubdirap 8999 |
Distribution of division over subtraction. (Contributed by NM,
4-Mar-2005.)
|
   #     
    
    |
| |
| Theorem | recrecap 9000 |
A number is equal to the reciprocal of its reciprocal. (Contributed by
Jim Kingdon, 25-Feb-2020.)
|
  #   
    |