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Theorem List for Intuitionistic Logic Explorer - 7001-7100   *Has distinct variable group(s)
TypeLabelDescription
Statement
 
Theorementr 7001 Transitivity of equinumerosity. Theorem 3 of [Suppes] p. 92. (Contributed by NM, 9-Jun-1998.)
 |-  ( ( A  ~~  B  /\  B  ~~  C )  ->  A  ~~  C )
 
Theoremdomtr 7002 Transitivity of dominance relation. Theorem 17 of [Suppes] p. 94. (Contributed by NM, 4-Jun-1998.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
 |-  ( ( A  ~<_  B  /\  B 
 ~<_  C )  ->  A  ~<_  C )
 
Theorementri 7003 A chained equinumerosity inference. (Contributed by NM, 25-Sep-2004.)
 |-  A  ~~  B   &    |-  B  ~~  C   =>    |-  A  ~~  C
 
Theorementr2i 7004 A chained equinumerosity inference. (Contributed by NM, 25-Sep-2004.)
 |-  A  ~~  B   &    |-  B  ~~  C   =>    |-  C  ~~  A
 
Theorementr3i 7005 A chained equinumerosity inference. (Contributed by NM, 25-Sep-2004.)
 |-  A  ~~  B   &    |-  A  ~~  C   =>    |-  B  ~~  C
 
Theorementr4i 7006 A chained equinumerosity inference. (Contributed by NM, 25-Sep-2004.)
 |-  A  ~~  B   &    |-  C  ~~  B   =>    |-  A  ~~  C
 
Theoremendomtr 7007 Transitivity of equinumerosity and dominance. (Contributed by NM, 7-Jun-1998.)
 |-  ( ( A  ~~  B  /\  B  ~<_  C ) 
 ->  A  ~<_  C )
 
Theoremdomentr 7008 Transitivity of dominance and equinumerosity. (Contributed by NM, 7-Jun-1998.)
 |-  ( ( A  ~<_  B  /\  B  ~~  C )  ->  A 
 ~<_  C )
 
Theoremf1imaeng 7009 A one-to-one function's image under a subset of its domain is equinumerous to the subset. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 15-May-2015.)
 |-  ( ( F : A -1-1-> B  /\  C  C_  A  /\  C  e.  V )  ->  ( F " C )  ~~  C )
 
Theoremf1imaen2g 7010 A one-to-one function's image under a subset of its domain is equinumerous to the subset. (This version of f1imaen 7011 does not need ax-setind 4641.) (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 25-Jun-2015.)
 |-  ( ( ( F : A -1-1-> B  /\  B  e.  V )  /\  ( C  C_  A  /\  C  e.  V ) )  ->  ( F " C )  ~~  C )
 
Theoremf1imaen 7011 A one-to-one function's image under a subset of its domain is equinumerous to the subset. (Contributed by NM, 30-Sep-2004.)
 |-  C  e.  _V   =>    |-  ( ( F : A -1-1-> B  /\  C  C_  A )  ->  ( F " C ) 
 ~~  C )
 
Theoremen0 7012 The empty set is equinumerous only to itself. Exercise 1 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 88. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1998.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  (/)  <->  A  =  (/) )
 
Theoremensn1 7013 A singleton is equinumerous to ordinal one. (Contributed by NM, 4-Nov-2002.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   =>    |-  { A }  ~~  1o
 
Theoremensn1g 7014 A singleton is equinumerous to ordinal one. (Contributed by NM, 23-Apr-2004.)
 |-  ( A  e.  V  ->  { A }  ~~  1o )
 
Theoremenpr1g 7015  { A ,  A } has only one element. (Contributed by FL, 15-Feb-2010.)
 |-  ( A  e.  V  ->  { A ,  A }  ~~  1o )
 
Theoremen1 7016* A set is equinumerous to ordinal one iff it is a singleton. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jul-2004.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  1o  <->  E. x  A  =  { x } )
 
Theoremen1bg 7017 A set is equinumerous to ordinal one iff it is a singleton. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 13-Apr-2020.)
 |-  ( A  e.  V  ->  ( A  ~~  1o  <->  A  =  { U. A }
 ) )
 
Theoremreuen1 7018* Two ways to express "exactly one". (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 28-Oct-2014.)
 |-  ( E! x  e.  A  ph  <->  { x  e.  A  |  ph }  ~~  1o )
 
Theoremeuen1 7019 Two ways to express "exactly one". (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 28-Oct-2014.)
 |-  ( E! x ph  <->  { x  |  ph }  ~~  1o )
 
Theoremeuen1b 7020* Two ways to express " A has a unique element". (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Apr-2015.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  1o  <->  E! x  x  e.  A )
 
Theoremen1uniel 7021 A singleton contains its sole element. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 16-Aug-2015.)
 |-  ( S  ~~  1o  ->  U. S  e.  S )
 
Theoremen1m 7022* A set with one element is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 3-Jan-2026.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  1o  ->  E. x  x  e.  A )
 
Theorem2dom 7023* A set that dominates ordinal 2 has at least 2 different members. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jul-2004.)
 |-  ( 2o  ~<_  A  ->  E. x  e.  A  E. y  e.  A  -.  x  =  y )
 
Theoremfundmen 7024 A function is equinumerous to its domain. Exercise 4 of [Suppes] p. 98. (Contributed by NM, 28-Jul-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
 |-  F  e.  _V   =>    |-  ( Fun  F  ->  dom  F  ~~  F )
 
Theoremfundmeng 7025 A function is equinumerous to its domain. Exercise 4 of [Suppes] p. 98. (Contributed by NM, 17-Sep-2013.)
 |-  ( ( F  e.  V  /\  Fun  F )  ->  dom  F  ~~  F )
 
Theoremcnven 7026 A relational set is equinumerous to its converse. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Dec-2014.)
 |-  ( ( Rel  A  /\  A  e.  V ) 
 ->  A  ~~  `' A )
 
Theoremcnvct 7027 If a set is dominated by  om, so is its converse. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 29-Dec-2016.)
 |-  ( A  ~<_  om  ->  `' A  ~<_  om )
 
Theoremfndmeng 7028 A function is equinumerate to its domain. (Contributed by Paul Chapman, 22-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( ( F  Fn  A  /\  A  e.  C )  ->  A  ~~  F )
 
Theoremmapsnen 7029 Set exponentiation to a singleton exponent is equinumerous to its base. Exercise 4.43 of [Mendelson] p. 255. (Contributed by NM, 17-Dec-2003.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   &    |-  B  e.  _V   =>    |-  ( A  ^m  { B } )  ~~  A
 
Theoremmap1 7030 Set exponentiation: ordinal 1 to any set is equinumerous to ordinal 1. Exercise 4.42(b) of [Mendelson] p. 255. (Contributed by NM, 17-Dec-2003.)
 |-  ( A  e.  V  ->  ( 1o  ^m  A )  ~~  1o )
 
Theoremen2sn 7031 Two singletons are equinumerous. (Contributed by NM, 9-Nov-2003.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  C  /\  B  e.  D )  ->  { A }  ~~  { B } )
 
Theoremsnfig 7032 A singleton is finite. For the proper class case, see snprc 3738. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 13-Apr-2020.)
 |-  ( A  e.  V  ->  { A }  e.  Fin )
 
Theoremfiprc 7033 The class of finite sets is a proper class. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 3-Oct-2008.)
 |- 
 Fin  e/  _V
 
Theoremunen 7034 Equinumerosity of union of disjoint sets. Theorem 4 of [Suppes] p. 92. (Contributed by NM, 11-Jun-1998.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
 |-  ( ( ( A 
 ~~  B  /\  C  ~~  D )  /\  (
 ( A  i^i  C )  =  (/)  /\  ( B  i^i  D )  =  (/) ) )  ->  ( A  u.  C )  ~~  ( B  u.  D ) )
 
Theoremen2prd 7035 Two proper unordered pairs are equinumerous. (Contributed by BTernaryTau, 23-Dec-2024.)
 |-  ( ph  ->  A  e.  V )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  B  e.  W )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  C  e.  X )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  D  e.  Y )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  A  =/=  B )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  C  =/=  D )   =>    |-  ( ph  ->  { A ,  B }  ~~  { C ,  D } )
 
Theorem1dom1el 7036 If a set is dominated by one, then any two of its elements are equal. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 23-Apr-2025.)
 |-  ( ( A  ~<_  1o  /\  B  e.  A  /\  C  e.  A )  ->  B  =  C )
 
Theoremmodom 7037 Two ways to express "at most one". (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 28-Oct-2014.)
 |-  ( E* x ph  <->  { x  |  ph }  ~<_  1o )
 
Theoremmodom2 7038* Two ways to express "at most one". (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 24-Dec-2016.)
 |-  ( E* x  x  e.  A  <->  A  ~<_  1o )
 
Theoremrex2dom 7039* A set that has at least 2 different members dominates ordinal 2. (Contributed by BTernaryTau, 30-Dec-2024.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  V  /\  E. x  e.  A  E. y  e.  A  x  =/=  y
 )  ->  2o  ~<_  A )
 
Theoremenpr2d 7040 A pair with distinct elements is equinumerous to ordinal two. (Contributed by Rohan Ridenour, 3-Aug-2023.)
 |-  ( ph  ->  A  e.  C )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  B  e.  D )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  -.  A  =  B )   =>    |-  ( ph  ->  { A ,  B }  ~~  2o )
 
Theoremen2 7041* A set equinumerous to ordinal 2 is an unordered pair. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 5-Jan-2016.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  2o  ->  E. x E. y  A  =  { x ,  y } )
 
Theoremen2m 7042* A set with two elements is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 3-Jan-2026.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  2o  ->  E. x  x  e.  A )
 
Theoremssct 7043 A subset of a set dominated by 
om is dominated by 
om. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 31-Jan-2017.)
 |-  ( ( A  C_  B  /\  B  ~<_  om )  ->  A  ~<_  om )
 
Theorem1domsn 7044 A singleton (whether of a set or a proper class) is dominated by one. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Mar-2022.)
 |- 
 { A }  ~<_  1o
 
Theoremdom1o 7045* Two ways of saying that a set is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 3-Jan-2026.)
 |-  ( A  e.  V  ->  ( 1o  ~<_  A  <->  E. j  j  e.  A ) )
 
Theoremdom1oi 7046 A set with an element dominates one. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 3-Feb-2026.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  V  /\  B  e.  A )  ->  1o  ~<_  A )
 
Theoremenm 7047* A set equinumerous to an inhabited set is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 19-May-2020.)
 |-  ( ( A  ~~  B  /\  E. x  x  e.  A )  ->  E. y  y  e.  B )
 
Theoremxpsnen 7048 A set is equinumerous to its Cartesian product with a singleton. Proposition 4.22(c) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 4-Jan-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   &    |-  B  e.  _V   =>    |-  ( A  X.  { B } )  ~~  A
 
Theoremxpsneng 7049 A set is equinumerous to its Cartesian product with a singleton. Proposition 4.22(c) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 22-Oct-2004.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  V  /\  B  e.  W )  ->  ( A  X.  { B } )  ~~  A )
 
Theoremxp1en 7050 One times a cardinal number. (Contributed by NM, 27-Sep-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 29-Apr-2015.)
 |-  ( A  e.  V  ->  ( A  X.  1o )  ~~  A )
 
Theoremendisj 7051* Any two sets are equinumerous to disjoint sets. Exercise 4.39 of [Mendelson] p. 255. (Contributed by NM, 16-Apr-2004.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   &    |-  B  e.  _V   =>    |- 
 E. x E. y
 ( ( x  ~~  A  /\  y  ~~  B )  /\  ( x  i^i  y )  =  (/) )
 
Theoremxpcomf1o 7052* The canonical bijection from  ( A  X.  B
) to  ( B  X.  A ). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 23-Apr-2014.)
 |-  F  =  ( x  e.  ( A  X.  B )  |->  U. `' { x } )   =>    |-  F : ( A  X.  B ) -1-1-onto-> ( B  X.  A )
 
Theoremxpcomco 7053* Composition with the bijection of xpcomf1o 7052 swaps the arguments to a mapping. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2015.)
 |-  F  =  ( x  e.  ( A  X.  B )  |->  U. `' { x } )   &    |-  G  =  ( y  e.  B ,  z  e.  A  |->  C )   =>    |-  ( G  o.  F )  =  ( z  e.  A ,  y  e.  B  |->  C )
 
Theoremxpcomen 7054 Commutative law for equinumerosity of Cartesian product. Proposition 4.22(d) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 5-Jan-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   &    |-  B  e.  _V   =>    |-  ( A  X.  B )  ~~  ( B  X.  A )
 
Theoremxpcomeng 7055 Commutative law for equinumerosity of Cartesian product. Proposition 4.22(d) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 27-Mar-2006.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  V  /\  B  e.  W )  ->  ( A  X.  B )  ~~  ( B  X.  A ) )
 
Theoremxpsnen2g 7056 A set is equinumerous to its Cartesian product with a singleton on the left. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 21-Nov-2014.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  V  /\  B  e.  W )  ->  ( { A }  X.  B )  ~~  B )
 
Theoremxpassen 7057 Associative law for equinumerosity of Cartesian product. Proposition 4.22(e) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jan-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   &    |-  B  e.  _V   &    |-  C  e.  _V   =>    |-  (
 ( A  X.  B )  X.  C )  ~~  ( A  X.  ( B  X.  C ) )
 
Theoremxpdom2 7058 Dominance law for Cartesian product. Proposition 10.33(2) of [TakeutiZaring] p. 92. (Contributed by NM, 24-Jul-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
 |-  C  e.  _V   =>    |-  ( A  ~<_  B  ->  ( C  X.  A )  ~<_  ( C  X.  B ) )
 
Theoremxpdom2g 7059 Dominance law for Cartesian product. Theorem 6L(c) of [Enderton] p. 149. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
 |-  ( ( C  e.  V  /\  A  ~<_  B ) 
 ->  ( C  X.  A ) 
 ~<_  ( C  X.  B ) )
 
Theoremxpdom1g 7060 Dominance law for Cartesian product. Theorem 6L(c) of [Enderton] p. 149. (Contributed by NM, 25-Mar-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
 |-  ( ( C  e.  V  /\  A  ~<_  B ) 
 ->  ( A  X.  C ) 
 ~<_  ( B  X.  C ) )
 
Theoremxpdom3m 7061* A set is dominated by its Cartesian product with an inhabited set. Exercise 6 of [Suppes] p. 98. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Apr-2020.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  V  /\  B  e.  W  /\  E. x  x  e.  B )  ->  A  ~<_  ( A  X.  B ) )
 
Theoremxpdom1 7062 Dominance law for Cartesian product. Theorem 6L(c) of [Enderton] p. 149. (Contributed by NM, 28-Sep-2004.) (Revised by NM, 29-Mar-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-May-2015.)
 |-  C  e.  _V   =>    |-  ( A  ~<_  B  ->  ( A  X.  C )  ~<_  ( B  X.  C ) )
 
Theorempw2f1odclem 7063* Lemma for pw2f1odc 7064. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-Oct-2014.)
 |-  ( ph  ->  A  e.  V )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  B  e.  W )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  C  e.  W )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  B  =/=  C )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  A. p  e.  A  A. q  e.  ~P  ADECID  p  e.  q )   =>    |-  ( ph  ->  (
 ( S  e.  ~P A  /\  G  =  ( z  e.  A  |->  if ( z  e.  S ,  C ,  B ) ) )  <->  ( G  e.  ( { B ,  C }  ^m  A )  /\  S  =  ( `' G " { C }
 ) ) ) )
 
Theorempw2f1odc 7064* The power set of a set is equinumerous to set exponentiation with an unordered pair base of ordinal 2. Generalized from Proposition 10.44 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 96. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-Oct-2014.)
 |-  ( ph  ->  A  e.  V )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  B  e.  W )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  C  e.  W )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  B  =/=  C )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  A. p  e.  A  A. q  e.  ~P  ADECID  p  e.  q )   &    |-  F  =  ( x  e.  ~P A  |->  ( z  e.  A  |->  if ( z  e.  x ,  C ,  B ) ) )   =>    |-  ( ph  ->  F : ~P A -1-1-onto-> ( { B ,  C }  ^m  A ) )
 
Theoremfopwdom 7065 Covering implies injection on power sets. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 6-Nov-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 24-Jun-2015.)
 |-  ( ( F  e.  _V 
 /\  F : A -onto-> B )  ->  ~P B  ~<_  ~P A )
 
Theorem0domg 7066 Any set dominates the empty set. (Contributed by NM, 26-Oct-2003.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
 |-  ( A  e.  V  -> 
 (/)  ~<_  A )
 
Theoremdom0 7067 A set dominated by the empty set is empty. (Contributed by NM, 22-Nov-2004.)
 |-  ( A  ~<_  (/)  <->  A  =  (/) )
 
Theorem0dom 7068 Any set dominates the empty set. (Contributed by NM, 26-Oct-2003.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   =>    |-  (/)  ~<_  A
 
Theoremenen1 7069 Equality-like theorem for equinumerosity. (Contributed by NM, 18-Dec-2003.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  B  ->  ( A  ~~  C  <->  B 
 ~~  C ) )
 
Theoremenen2 7070 Equality-like theorem for equinumerosity. (Contributed by NM, 18-Dec-2003.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  B  ->  ( C  ~~  A  <->  C 
 ~~  B ) )
 
Theoremdomen1 7071 Equality-like theorem for equinumerosity and dominance. (Contributed by NM, 8-Nov-2003.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  B  ->  ( A  ~<_  C  <->  B  ~<_  C )
 )
 
Theoremdomen2 7072 Equality-like theorem for equinumerosity and dominance. (Contributed by NM, 8-Nov-2003.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  B  ->  ( C  ~<_  A  <->  C  ~<_  B )
 )
 
2.6.30  Equinumerosity (cont.)
 
Theoremxpf1o 7073* Construct a bijection on a Cartesian product given bijections on the factors. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-May-2015.)
 |-  ( ph  ->  ( x  e.  A  |->  X ) : A -1-1-onto-> B )   &    |-  ( ph  ->  ( y  e.  C  |->  Y ) : C -1-1-onto-> D )   =>    |-  ( ph  ->  ( x  e.  A ,  y  e.  C  |->  <. X ,  Y >. ) : ( A  X.  C ) -1-1-onto-> ( B  X.  D ) )
 
Theoremxpen 7074 Equinumerosity law for Cartesian product. Proposition 4.22(b) of [Mendelson] p. 254. (Contributed by NM, 24-Jul-2004.)
 |-  ( ( A  ~~  B  /\  C  ~~  D )  ->  ( A  X.  C )  ~~  ( B  X.  D ) )
 
Theoremmapen 7075 Two set exponentiations are equinumerous when their bases and exponents are equinumerous. Theorem 6H(c) of [Enderton] p. 139. (Contributed by NM, 16-Dec-2003.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 26-Apr-2015.)
 |-  ( ( A  ~~  B  /\  C  ~~  D )  ->  ( A  ^m  C )  ~~  ( B 
 ^m  D ) )
 
Theoremmapdom1g 7076 Order-preserving property of set exponentiation. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Jul-2022.)
 |-  ( ( A  ~<_  B  /\  C  e.  V )  ->  ( A  ^m  C ) 
 ~<_  ( B  ^m  C ) )
 
Theoremmapxpen 7077 Equinumerosity law for double set exponentiation. Proposition 10.45 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 96. (Contributed by NM, 21-Feb-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 24-Jun-2015.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  V  /\  B  e.  W  /\  C  e.  X ) 
 ->  ( ( A  ^m  B )  ^m  C ) 
 ~~  ( A  ^m  ( B  X.  C ) ) )
 
Theoremxpmapenlem 7078* Lemma for xpmapen 7079. (Contributed by NM, 1-May-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2014.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   &    |-  B  e.  _V   &    |-  C  e.  _V   &    |-  D  =  ( z  e.  C  |->  ( 1st `  ( x `  z ) ) )   &    |-  R  =  ( z  e.  C  |->  ( 2nd `  ( x `  z ) ) )   &    |-  S  =  ( z  e.  C  |->  <.
 ( ( 1st `  y
 ) `  z ) ,  ( ( 2nd `  y
 ) `  z ) >. )   =>    |-  ( ( A  X.  B )  ^m  C ) 
 ~~  ( ( A 
 ^m  C )  X.  ( B  ^m  C ) )
 
Theoremxpmapen 7079 Equinumerosity law for set exponentiation of a Cartesian product. Exercise 4.47 of [Mendelson] p. 255. (Contributed by NM, 23-Feb-2004.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2014.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   &    |-  B  e.  _V   &    |-  C  e.  _V   =>    |-  (
 ( A  X.  B )  ^m  C )  ~~  ( ( A  ^m  C )  X.  ( B  ^m  C ) )
 
Theoremssenen 7080* Equinumerosity of equinumerous subsets of a set. (Contributed by NM, 30-Sep-2004.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2014.)
 |-  ( A  ~~  B  ->  { x  |  ( x  C_  A  /\  x  ~~  C ) }  ~~  { x  |  ( x  C_  B  /\  x  ~~  C ) }
 )
 
2.6.31  Pigeonhole Principle
 
Theoremphplem1 7081 Lemma for Pigeonhole Principle. If we join a natural number to itself minus an element, we end up with its successor minus the same element. (Contributed by NM, 25-May-1998.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  om 
 /\  B  e.  A )  ->  ( { A }  u.  ( A  \  { B } ) )  =  ( suc  A  \  { B } )
 )
 
Theoremphplem2 7082 Lemma for Pigeonhole Principle. A natural number is equinumerous to its successor minus one of its elements. (Contributed by NM, 11-Jun-1998.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2014.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   &    |-  B  e.  _V   =>    |-  ( ( A  e.  om 
 /\  B  e.  A )  ->  A  ~~  ( suc  A  \  { B } ) )
 
Theoremphplem3 7083 Lemma for Pigeonhole Principle. A natural number is equinumerous to its successor minus any element of the successor. For a version without the redundant hypotheses, see phplem3g 7085. (Contributed by NM, 26-May-1998.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   &    |-  B  e.  _V   =>    |-  ( ( A  e.  om 
 /\  B  e.  suc  A )  ->  A  ~~  ( suc  A  \  { B } ) )
 
Theoremphplem4 7084 Lemma for Pigeonhole Principle. Equinumerosity of successors implies equinumerosity of the original natural numbers. (Contributed by NM, 28-May-1998.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 24-Jun-2015.)
 |-  A  e.  _V   &    |-  B  e.  _V   =>    |-  ( ( A  e.  om 
 /\  B  e.  om )  ->  ( suc  A  ~~ 
 suc  B  ->  A  ~~  B ) )
 
Theoremphplem3g 7085 A natural number is equinumerous to its successor minus any element of the successor. Version of phplem3 7083 with unnecessary hypotheses removed. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Sep-2021.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  om 
 /\  B  e.  suc  A )  ->  A  ~~  ( suc  A  \  { B } ) )
 
Theoremnneneq 7086 Two equinumerous natural numbers are equal. Proposition 10.20 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 90 and its converse. Also compare Corollary 6E of [Enderton] p. 136. (Contributed by NM, 28-May-1998.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  om 
 /\  B  e.  om )  ->  ( A  ~~  B 
 <->  A  =  B ) )
 
Theoremphp5 7087 A natural number is not equinumerous to its successor. Corollary 10.21(1) of [TakeutiZaring] p. 90. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jul-2004.)
 |-  ( A  e.  om  ->  -.  A  ~~  suc  A )
 
Theoremsnnen2og 7088 A singleton  { A } is never equinumerous with the ordinal number 2. If  A is a proper class, see snnen2oprc 7089. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Sep-2021.)
 |-  ( A  e.  V  ->  -.  { A }  ~~  2o )
 
Theoremsnnen2oprc 7089 A singleton  { A } is never equinumerous with the ordinal number 2. If  A is a set, see snnen2og 7088. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Sep-2021.)
 |-  ( -.  A  e.  _V 
 ->  -.  { A }  ~~  2o )
 
Theorem1nen2 7090 One and two are not equinumerous. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Jan-2022.)
 |- 
 -.  1o  ~~  2o
 
Theoremphplem4dom 7091 Dominance of successors implies dominance of the original natural numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Sep-2021.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  om 
 /\  B  e.  om )  ->  ( suc  A  ~<_  suc  B  ->  A  ~<_  B ) )
 
Theoremphp5dom 7092 A natural number does not dominate its successor. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Sep-2021.)
 |-  ( A  e.  om  ->  -.  suc  A  ~<_  A )
 
Theoremnndomo 7093 Cardinal ordering agrees with natural number ordering. Example 3 of [Enderton] p. 146. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jun-1998.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  om 
 /\  B  e.  om )  ->  ( A  ~<_  B  <->  A  C_  B ) )
 
Theorem1ndom2 7094 Two is not dominated by one. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 10-Jan-2026.)
 |- 
 -.  2o  ~<_  1o
 
Theoremphpm 7095* Pigeonhole Principle. A natural number is not equinumerous to a proper subset of itself. By "proper subset" here we mean that there is an element which is in the natural number and not in the subset, or in symbols  E. x x  e.  ( A  \  B
) (which is stronger than not being equal in the absence of excluded middle). Theorem (Pigeonhole Principle) of [Enderton] p. 134. The theorem is so-called because you can't put n + 1 pigeons into n holes (if each hole holds only one pigeon). The proof consists of lemmas phplem1 7081 through phplem4 7084, nneneq 7086, and this final piece of the proof. (Contributed by NM, 29-May-1998.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  om 
 /\  B  C_  A  /\  E. x  x  e.  ( A  \  B ) )  ->  -.  A  ~~  B )
 
Theoremphpelm 7096 Pigeonhole Principle. A natural number is not equinumerous to an element of itself. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 6-Sep-2021.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  om 
 /\  B  e.  A )  ->  -.  A  ~~  B )
 
Theoremphplem4on 7097 Equinumerosity of successors of an ordinal and a natural number implies equinumerosity of the originals. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Sep-2021.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  On  /\  B  e.  om )  ->  ( suc  A  ~~ 
 suc  B  ->  A  ~~  B ) )
 
2.6.32  Finite sets
 
Theoremfict 7098 A finite set is dominated by  om. Also see finct 7358. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 27-Mar-2018.)
 |-  ( A  e.  Fin  ->  A 
 ~<_  om )
 
Theoremfidceq 7099 Equality of members of a finite set is decidable. This may be counterintuitive: cannot any two sets be elements of a finite set? Well, to show, for example, that  { B ,  C } is finite would require showing it is equinumerous to  1o or to  2o but to show that you'd need to know  B  =  C or  -.  B  =  C, respectively. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Sep-2021.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  Fin  /\  B  e.  A  /\  C  e.  A )  -> DECID  B  =  C )
 
Theoremfidifsnen 7100 All decrements of a finite set are equinumerous. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 9-Sep-2021.)
 |-  ( ( X  e.  Fin  /\  A  e.  X  /\  B  e.  X )  ->  ( X  \  { A } )  ~~  ( X  \  { B }
 ) )
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