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Theorem List for Intuitionistic Logic Explorer - 3401-3500   *Has distinct variable group(s)
TypeLabelDescription
Statement
 
Theoremvn0m 3401 The universal class is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 17-Dec-2018.)
 |- 
 E. x  x  e. 
 _V
 
Theoremn0rf 3402 An inhabited class is nonempty. Following the Definition of [Bauer], p. 483, we call a class  A nonempty if  A  =/=  (/) and inhabited if it has at least one element. In classical logic these two concepts are equivalent, for example see Proposition 5.17(1) of [TakeutiZaring] p. 20. This version of n0r 3403 requires only that  x not be free in, rather than not occur in,  A. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Jul-2018.)
 |-  F/_ x A   =>    |-  ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  A  =/= 
 (/) )
 
Theoremn0r 3403* An inhabited class is nonempty. See n0rf 3402 for more discussion. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Jul-2018.)
 |-  ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  A  =/= 
 (/) )
 
Theoremneq0r 3404* An inhabited class is nonempty. See n0rf 3402 for more discussion. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Jul-2018.)
 |-  ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  -.  A  =  (/) )
 
Theoremreximdva0m 3405* Restricted existence deduced from inhabited class. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Jul-2018.)
 |-  ( ( ph  /\  x  e.  A )  ->  ps )   =>    |-  (
 ( ph  /\  E. x  x  e.  A )  ->  E. x  e.  A  ps )
 
Theoremn0mmoeu 3406* A case of equivalence of "at most one" and "only one". If a class is inhabited, that class having at most one element is equivalent to it having only one element. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Jul-2018.)
 |-  ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  ( E* x  x  e.  A 
 <->  E! x  x  e.  A ) )
 
Theoremrex0 3407 Vacuous existential quantification is false. (Contributed by NM, 15-Oct-2003.)
 |- 
 -.  E. x  e.  (/)  ph
 
Theoremeq0 3408* The empty set has no elements. Theorem 2 of [Suppes] p. 22. (Contributed by NM, 29-Aug-1993.)
 |-  ( A  =  (/)  <->  A. x  -.  x  e.  A )
 
Theoremeqv 3409* The universe contains every set. (Contributed by NM, 11-Sep-2006.)
 |-  ( A  =  _V  <->  A. x  x  e.  A )
 
Theoremnotm0 3410* A class is not inhabited if and only if it is empty. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Jul-2022.)
 |-  ( -.  E. x  x  e.  A  <->  A  =  (/) )
 
Theoremnel0 3411* From the general negation of membership in  A, infer that  A is the empty set. (Contributed by BJ, 6-Oct-2018.)
 |- 
 -.  x  e.  A   =>    |-  A  =  (/)
 
Theorem0el 3412* Membership of the empty set in another class. (Contributed by NM, 29-Jun-2004.)
 |-  ( (/)  e.  A  <->  E. x  e.  A  A. y  -.  y  e.  x )
 
Theoremabvor0dc 3413* The class builder of a decidable proposition not containing the abstraction variable is either the universal class or the empty set. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Aug-2018.)
 |-  (DECID 
 ph  ->  ( { x  |  ph }  =  _V  \/  { x  |  ph }  =  (/) ) )
 
Theoremabn0r 3414 Nonempty class abstraction. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( E. x ph  ->  { x  |  ph }  =/=  (/) )
 
Theoremabn0m 3415* Inhabited class abstraction. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 8-Jul-2022.)
 |-  ( E. y  y  e.  { x  |  ph
 } 
 <-> 
 E. x ph )
 
Theoremrabn0r 3416 Nonempty restricted class abstraction. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 1-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( E. x  e.  A  ph  ->  { x  e.  A  |  ph }  =/=  (/) )
 
Theoremrabn0m 3417* Inhabited restricted class abstraction. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 18-Sep-2018.)
 |-  ( E. y  y  e.  { x  e.  A  |  ph }  <->  E. x  e.  A  ph )
 
Theoremrab0 3418 Any restricted class abstraction restricted to the empty set is empty. (Contributed by NM, 15-Oct-2003.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 26-Jun-2011.)
 |- 
 { x  e.  (/)  |  ph }  =  (/)
 
Theoremrabeq0 3419 Condition for a restricted class abstraction to be empty. (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 7-Jun-2010.)
 |-  ( { x  e.  A  |  ph }  =  (/)  <->  A. x  e.  A  -.  ph )
 
Theoremabeq0 3420 Condition for a class abstraction to be empty. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 12-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( { x  |  ph
 }  =  (/)  <->  A. x  -.  ph )
 
Theoremrabxmdc 3421* Law of excluded middle given decidability, in terms of restricted class abstractions. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 2-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( A. xDECID  ph  ->  A  =  ( { x  e.  A  |  ph }  u.  { x  e.  A  |  -.  ph } ) )
 
Theoremrabnc 3422* Law of noncontradiction, in terms of restricted class abstractions. (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 20-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( { x  e.  A  |  ph }  i^i  { x  e.  A  |  -.  ph } )  =  (/)
 
Theoremun0 3423 The union of a class with the empty set is itself. Theorem 24 of [Suppes] p. 27. (Contributed by NM, 5-Aug-1993.)
 |-  ( A  u.  (/) )  =  A
 
Theoremin0 3424 The intersection of a class with the empty set is the empty set. Theorem 16 of [Suppes] p. 26. (Contributed by NM, 5-Aug-1993.)
 |-  ( A  i^i  (/) )  =  (/)
 
Theorem0in 3425 The intersection of the empty set with a class is the empty set. (Contributed by Glauco Siliprandi, 17-Aug-2020.)
 |-  ( (/)  i^i  A )  =  (/)
 
Theoreminv1 3426 The intersection of a class with the universal class is itself. Exercise 4.10(k) of [Mendelson] p. 231. (Contributed by NM, 17-May-1998.)
 |-  ( A  i^i  _V )  =  A
 
Theoremunv 3427 The union of a class with the universal class is the universal class. Exercise 4.10(l) of [Mendelson] p. 231. (Contributed by NM, 17-May-1998.)
 |-  ( A  u.  _V )  =  _V
 
Theorem0ss 3428 The null set is a subset of any class. Part of Exercise 1 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 22. (Contributed by NM, 5-Aug-1993.)
 |-  (/)  C_  A
 
Theoremss0b 3429 Any subset of the empty set is empty. Theorem 5 of [Suppes] p. 23 and its converse. (Contributed by NM, 17-Sep-2003.)
 |-  ( A  C_  (/)  <->  A  =  (/) )
 
Theoremss0 3430 Any subset of the empty set is empty. Theorem 5 of [Suppes] p. 23. (Contributed by NM, 13-Aug-1994.)
 |-  ( A  C_  (/)  ->  A  =  (/) )
 
Theoremsseq0 3431 A subclass of an empty class is empty. (Contributed by NM, 7-Mar-2007.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 26-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( ( A  C_  B  /\  B  =  (/) )  ->  A  =  (/) )
 
Theoremssn0 3432 A class with a nonempty subclass is nonempty. (Contributed by NM, 17-Feb-2007.)
 |-  ( ( A  C_  B  /\  A  =/=  (/) )  ->  B  =/=  (/) )
 
Theoremabf 3433 A class builder with a false argument is empty. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jan-2012.)
 |- 
 -.  ph   =>    |- 
 { x  |  ph }  =  (/)
 
Theoremeq0rdv 3434* Deduction for equality to the empty set. (Contributed by NM, 11-Jul-2014.)
 |-  ( ph  ->  -.  x  e.  A )   =>    |-  ( ph  ->  A  =  (/) )
 
Theoremcsbprc 3435 The proper substitution of a proper class for a set into a class results in the empty set. (Contributed by NM, 17-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( -.  A  e.  _V 
 ->  [_ A  /  x ]_ B  =  (/) )
 
Theoremun00 3436 Two classes are empty iff their union is empty. (Contributed by NM, 11-Aug-2004.)
 |-  ( ( A  =  (/)  /\  B  =  (/) )  <->  ( A  u.  B )  =  (/) )
 
Theoremvss 3437 Only the universal class has the universal class as a subclass. (Contributed by NM, 17-Sep-2003.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 26-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( _V  C_  A  <->  A  =  _V )
 
Theoremdisj 3438* Two ways of saying that two classes are disjoint (have no members in common). (Contributed by NM, 17-Feb-2004.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  <->  A. x  e.  A  -.  x  e.  B )
 
Theoremdisjr 3439* Two ways of saying that two classes are disjoint. (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 19-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  <->  A. x  e.  B  -.  x  e.  A )
 
Theoremdisj1 3440* Two ways of saying that two classes are disjoint (have no members in common). (Contributed by NM, 19-Aug-1993.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  <->  A. x ( x  e.  A  ->  -.  x  e.  B ) )
 
Theoremreldisj 3441 Two ways of saying that two classes are disjoint, using the complement of  B relative to a universe  C. (Contributed by NM, 15-Feb-2007.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 26-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( A  C_  C  ->  ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  <->  A  C_  ( C 
 \  B ) ) )
 
Theoremdisj3 3442 Two ways of saying that two classes are disjoint. (Contributed by NM, 19-May-1998.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  <->  A  =  ( A  \  B ) )
 
Theoremdisjne 3443 Members of disjoint sets are not equal. (Contributed by NM, 28-Mar-2007.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 26-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  /\  C  e.  A  /\  D  e.  B ) 
 ->  C  =/=  D )
 
Theoremdisjel 3444 A set can't belong to both members of disjoint classes. (Contributed by NM, 28-Feb-2015.)
 |-  ( ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  /\  C  e.  A )  ->  -.  C  e.  B )
 
Theoremdisj2 3445 Two ways of saying that two classes are disjoint. (Contributed by NM, 17-May-1998.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  <->  A  C_  ( _V  \  B ) )
 
Theoremssdisj 3446 Intersection with a subclass of a disjoint class. (Contributed by FL, 24-Jan-2007.)
 |-  ( ( A  C_  B  /\  ( B  i^i  C )  =  (/) )  ->  ( A  i^i  C )  =  (/) )
 
Theoremundisj1 3447 The union of disjoint classes is disjoint. (Contributed by NM, 26-Sep-2004.)
 |-  ( ( ( A  i^i  C )  =  (/)  /\  ( B  i^i  C )  =  (/) )  <->  ( ( A  u.  B )  i^i 
 C )  =  (/) )
 
Theoremundisj2 3448 The union of disjoint classes is disjoint. (Contributed by NM, 13-Sep-2004.)
 |-  ( ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  /\  ( A  i^i  C )  =  (/) )  <->  ( A  i^i  ( B  u.  C ) )  =  (/) )
 
Theoremssindif0im 3449 Subclass implies empty intersection with difference from the universal class. (Contributed by NM, 17-Sep-2003.)
 |-  ( A  C_  B  ->  ( A  i^i  ( _V  \  B ) )  =  (/) )
 
Theoreminelcm 3450 The intersection of classes with a common member is nonempty. (Contributed by NM, 7-Apr-1994.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  B  /\  A  e.  C )  ->  ( B  i^i  C )  =/=  (/) )
 
Theoremminel 3451 A minimum element of a class has no elements in common with the class. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-1994.)
 |-  ( ( A  e.  B  /\  ( C  i^i  B )  =  (/) )  ->  -.  A  e.  C )
 
Theoremundif4 3452 Distribute union over difference. (Contributed by NM, 17-May-1998.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 26-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  C )  =  (/)  ->  ( A  u.  ( B  \  C ) )  =  ( ( A  u.  B )  \  C ) )
 
Theoremdisjssun 3453 Subset relation for disjoint classes. (Contributed by NM, 25-Oct-2005.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 26-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  ->  ( A  C_  ( B  u.  C )  <->  A  C_  C ) )
 
Theoremssdif0im 3454 Subclass implies empty difference. One direction of Exercise 7 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 22. In classical logic this would be an equivalence. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 2-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( A  C_  B  ->  ( A  \  B )  =  (/) )
 
Theoremvdif0im 3455 Universal class equality in terms of empty difference. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 3-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( A  =  _V  ->  ( _V  \  A )  =  (/) )
 
Theoremdifrab0eqim 3456* If the difference between the restricting class of a restricted class abstraction and the restricted class abstraction is empty, the restricting class is equal to this restricted class abstraction. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 3-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( V  =  { x  e.  V  |  ph
 }  ->  ( V  \  { x  e.  V  |  ph } )  =  (/) )
 
Theoreminssdif0im 3457 Intersection, subclass, and difference relationship. In classical logic the converse would also hold. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 3-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  B )  C_  C  ->  ( A  i^i  ( B 
 \  C ) )  =  (/) )
 
Theoremdifid 3458 The difference between a class and itself is the empty set. Proposition 5.15 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 20. Also Theorem 32 of [Suppes] p. 28. (Contributed by NM, 22-Apr-2004.)
 |-  ( A  \  A )  =  (/)
 
TheoremdifidALT 3459 The difference between a class and itself is the empty set. Proposition 5.15 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 20. Also Theorem 32 of [Suppes] p. 28. Alternate proof of difid 3458. (Contributed by David Abernethy, 17-Jun-2012.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
 |-  ( A  \  A )  =  (/)
 
Theoremdif0 3460 The difference between a class and the empty set. Part of Exercise 4.4 of [Stoll] p. 16. (Contributed by NM, 17-Aug-2004.)
 |-  ( A  \  (/) )  =  A
 
Theorem0dif 3461 The difference between the empty set and a class. Part of Exercise 4.4 of [Stoll] p. 16. (Contributed by NM, 17-Aug-2004.)
 |-  ( (/)  \  A )  =  (/)
 
Theoremdisjdif 3462 A class and its relative complement are disjoint. Theorem 38 of [Suppes] p. 29. (Contributed by NM, 24-Mar-1998.)
 |-  ( A  i^i  ( B  \  A ) )  =  (/)
 
Theoremdifin0 3463 The difference of a class from its intersection is empty. Theorem 37 of [Suppes] p. 29. (Contributed by NM, 17-Aug-2004.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 26-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  B )  \  B )  =  (/)
 
Theoremundif1ss 3464 Absorption of difference by union. In classical logic, as Theorem 35 of [Suppes] p. 29, this would be equality rather than subset. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( ( A  \  B )  u.  B )  C_  ( A  u.  B )
 
Theoremundif2ss 3465 Absorption of difference by union. In classical logic, as in Part of proof of Corollary 6K of [Enderton] p. 144, this would be equality rather than subset. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( A  u.  ( B  \  A ) ) 
 C_  ( A  u.  B )
 
Theoremundifabs 3466 Absorption of difference by union. (Contributed by NM, 18-Aug-2013.)
 |-  ( A  u.  ( A  \  B ) )  =  A
 
Theoreminundifss 3467 The intersection and class difference of a class with another class are contained in the original class. In classical logic we'd be able to make a stronger statement: that everything in the original class is in the intersection or the difference (that is, this theorem would be equality rather than subset). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  B )  u.  ( A 
 \  B ) ) 
 C_  A
 
Theoremdisjdif2 3468 The difference of a class and a class disjoint from it is the original class. (Contributed by BJ, 21-Apr-2019.)
 |-  ( ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/)  ->  ( A  \  B )  =  A )
 
Theoremdifun2 3469 Absorption of union by difference. Theorem 36 of [Suppes] p. 29. (Contributed by NM, 19-May-1998.)
 |-  ( ( A  u.  B )  \  B )  =  ( A  \  B )
 
Theoremundifss 3470 Union of complementary parts into whole. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( A  C_  B  <->  ( A  u.  ( B 
 \  A ) ) 
 C_  B )
 
Theoremssdifin0 3471 A subset of a difference does not intersect the subtrahend. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 1-Sep-2013.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 24-Aug-2015.)
 |-  ( A  C_  ( B  \  C )  ->  ( A  i^i  C )  =  (/) )
 
Theoremssdifeq0 3472 A class is a subclass of itself subtracted from another iff it is the empty set. (Contributed by Steve Rodriguez, 20-Nov-2015.)
 |-  ( A  C_  ( B  \  A )  <->  A  =  (/) )
 
Theoremssundifim 3473 A consequence of inclusion in the union of two classes. In classical logic this would be a biconditional. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( A  C_  ( B  u.  C )  ->  ( A  \  B ) 
 C_  C )
 
Theoremdifdifdirss 3474 Distributive law for class difference. In classical logic, as in Exercise 4.8 of [Stoll] p. 16, this would be equality rather than subset. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( ( A  \  B )  \  C ) 
 C_  ( ( A 
 \  C )  \  ( B  \  C ) )
 
Theoremuneqdifeqim 3475 Two ways that  A and  B can "partition"  C (when  A and  B don't overlap and  A is a part of  C). In classical logic, the second implication would be a biconditional. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( ( A  C_  C  /\  ( A  i^i  B )  =  (/) )  ->  ( ( A  u.  B )  =  C  ->  ( C  \  A )  =  B )
 )
 
Theoremr19.2m 3476* Theorem 19.2 of [Margaris] p. 89 with restricted quantifiers (compare 19.2 1615). The restricted version is valid only when the domain of quantification is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Aug-2018.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 7-Apr-2023.)
 |-  ( ( E. y  y  e.  A  /\  A. x  e.  A  ph )  ->  E. x  e.  A  ph )
 
Theoremr19.2mOLD 3477* Theorem 19.2 of [Margaris] p. 89 with restricted quantifiers (compare 19.2 1615). The restricted version is valid only when the domain of quantification is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Aug-2018.) Obsolete version of r19.2m 3476 as of 7-Apr-2023. (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
 |-  ( ( E. x  x  e.  A  /\  A. x  e.  A  ph )  ->  E. x  e.  A  ph )
 
Theoremr19.3rm 3478* Restricted quantification of wff not containing quantified variable. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 19-Dec-2018.)
 |- 
 F/ x ph   =>    |-  ( E. y  y  e.  A  ->  ( ph 
 <-> 
 A. x  e.  A  ph ) )
 
Theoremr19.28m 3479* Restricted quantifier version of Theorem 19.28 of [Margaris] p. 90. It is valid only when the domain of quantification is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Aug-2018.)
 |- 
 F/ x ph   =>    |-  ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  ( A. x  e.  A  ( ph  /\  ps )  <->  (
 ph  /\  A. x  e.  A  ps ) ) )
 
Theoremr19.3rmv 3480* Restricted quantification of wff not containing quantified variable. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 6-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( E. y  y  e.  A  ->  ( ph 
 <-> 
 A. x  e.  A  ph ) )
 
Theoremr19.9rmv 3481* Restricted quantification of wff not containing quantified variable. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( E. y  y  e.  A  ->  ( ph 
 <-> 
 E. x  e.  A  ph ) )
 
Theoremr19.28mv 3482* Restricted quantifier version of Theorem 19.28 of [Margaris] p. 90. It is valid only when the domain of quantification is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 6-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  ( A. x  e.  A  ( ph  /\  ps )  <->  (
 ph  /\  A. x  e.  A  ps ) ) )
 
Theoremr19.45mv 3483* Restricted version of Theorem 19.45 of [Margaris] p. 90. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1998.)
 |-  ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  ( E. x  e.  A  ( ph  \/  ps )  <->  (
 ph  \/  E. x  e.  A  ps ) ) )
 
Theoremr19.44mv 3484* Restricted version of Theorem 19.44 of [Margaris] p. 90. (Contributed by NM, 27-May-1998.)
 |-  ( E. y  y  e.  A  ->  ( E. x  e.  A  ( ph  \/  ps )  <->  ( E. x  e.  A  ph 
 \/  ps ) ) )
 
Theoremr19.27m 3485* Restricted quantifier version of Theorem 19.27 of [Margaris] p. 90. It is valid only when the domain of quantification is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Aug-2018.)
 |- 
 F/ x ps   =>    |-  ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  (
 A. x  e.  A  ( ph  /\  ps )  <->  (
 A. x  e.  A  ph 
 /\  ps ) ) )
 
Theoremr19.27mv 3486* Restricted quantifier version of Theorem 19.27 of [Margaris] p. 90. It is valid only when the domain of quantification is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  ( A. x  e.  A  ( ph  /\  ps )  <->  (
 A. x  e.  A  ph 
 /\  ps ) ) )
 
Theoremrzal 3487* Vacuous quantification is always true. (Contributed by NM, 11-Mar-1997.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 26-Jun-2011.)
 |-  ( A  =  (/)  ->  A. x  e.  A  ph )
 
Theoremrexn0 3488* Restricted existential quantification implies its restriction is nonempty (it is also inhabited as shown in rexm 3489). (Contributed by Szymon Jaroszewicz, 3-Apr-2007.)
 |-  ( E. x  e.  A  ph  ->  A  =/=  (/) )
 
Theoremrexm 3489* Restricted existential quantification implies its restriction is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 16-Oct-2018.)
 |-  ( E. x  e.  A  ph  ->  E. x  x  e.  A )
 
Theoremralidm 3490* Idempotent law for restricted quantifier. (Contributed by NM, 28-Mar-1997.)
 |-  ( A. x  e.  A  A. x  e.  A  ph  <->  A. x  e.  A  ph )
 
Theoremral0 3491 Vacuous universal quantification is always true. (Contributed by NM, 20-Oct-2005.)
 |- 
 A. x  e.  (/)  ph
 
Theoremrgenm 3492* Generalization rule that eliminates an inhabited class requirement. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( ( E. x  x  e.  A  /\  x  e.  A )  -> 
 ph )   =>    |- 
 A. x  e.  A  ph
 
Theoremralf0 3493* The quantification of a falsehood is vacuous when true. (Contributed by NM, 26-Nov-2005.)
 |- 
 -.  ph   =>    |-  ( A. x  e.  A  ph  <->  A  =  (/) )
 
Theoremralm 3494 Inhabited classes and restricted quantification. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 6-Aug-2018.)
 |-  ( ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  A. x  e.  A  ph ) 
 <-> 
 A. x  e.  A  ph )
 
Theoremraaanlem 3495* Special case of raaan 3496 where  A is inhabited. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 6-Aug-2018.)
 |- 
 F/ y ph   &    |-  F/ x ps   =>    |-  ( E. x  x  e.  A  ->  ( A. x  e.  A  A. y  e.  A  ( ph  /\  ps ) 
 <->  ( A. x  e.  A  ph  /\  A. y  e.  A  ps ) ) )
 
Theoremraaan 3496* Rearrange restricted quantifiers. (Contributed by NM, 26-Oct-2010.)
 |- 
 F/ y ph   &    |-  F/ x ps   =>    |-  ( A. x  e.  A  A. y  e.  A  (
 ph  /\  ps )  <->  (
 A. x  e.  A  ph 
 /\  A. y  e.  A  ps ) )
 
Theoremraaanv 3497* Rearrange restricted quantifiers. (Contributed by NM, 11-Mar-1997.)
 |-  ( A. x  e.  A  A. y  e.  A  ( ph  /\  ps ) 
 <->  ( A. x  e.  A  ph  /\  A. y  e.  A  ps ) )
 
Theoremsbss 3498* Set substitution into the first argument of a subset relation. (Contributed by Rodolfo Medina, 7-Jul-2010.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 14-Nov-2016.)
 |-  ( [ y  /  x ] x  C_  A  <->  y 
 C_  A )
 
Theoremsbcssg 3499 Distribute proper substitution through a subclass relation. (Contributed by Alan Sare, 22-Jul-2012.) (Proof shortened by Alexander van der Vekens, 23-Jul-2017.)
 |-  ( A  e.  V  ->  ( [. A  /  x ]. B  C_  C  <->  [_ A  /  x ]_ B  C_  [_ A  /  x ]_ C ) )
 
Theoremdcun 3500 The union of two decidable classes is decidable. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 5-Oct-2022.)
 |-  ( ph  -> DECID  k  e.  A )   &    |-  ( ph  -> DECID  k  e.  B )   =>    |-  ( ph  -> DECID  k  e.  ( A  u.  B ) )
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