P. 113 of Theorem List - Intuitionistic Logic Explorer

Theorem List for Intuitionistic Logic Explorer - 11201-11300   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	pfx1 11201	The prefix of length one of a nonempty word expressed as a singleton word. (Contributed by AV, 15-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑊 ≠ ∅) → (𝑊 prefix 1) = ⟨“(𝑊‘0)”⟩)
4.7.8  Subwords of subwords
Theorem	swrdswrdlem 11202	Lemma for swrdswrd 11203. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 4-Apr-2018.)
⊢ (((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊)) ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁)) ∧ (𝐾 ∈ (0...(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ 𝐿 ∈ (𝐾...(𝑁 − 𝑀)))) → (𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (𝑀 + 𝐾) ∈ (0...(𝑀 + 𝐿)) ∧ (𝑀 + 𝐿) ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊))))
Theorem	swrdswrd 11203	A subword of a subword is a subword. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 4-Apr-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊)) ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0...(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ 𝐿 ∈ (𝐾...(𝑁 − 𝑀))) → ((𝑊 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) substr ⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩) = (𝑊 substr ⟨(𝑀 + 𝐾), (𝑀 + 𝐿)⟩)))
Theorem	pfxswrd 11204	A prefix of a subword is a subword. (Contributed by AV, 2-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 8-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊)) ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → (𝐿 ∈ (0...(𝑁 − 𝑀)) → ((𝑊 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) prefix 𝐿) = (𝑊 substr ⟨𝑀, (𝑀 + 𝐿)⟩)))
Theorem	swrdpfx 11205	A subword of a prefix is a subword. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 6-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 8-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊))) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝐿 ∈ (𝐾...𝑁)) → ((𝑊 prefix 𝑁) substr ⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩) = (𝑊 substr ⟨𝐾, 𝐿⟩)))
Theorem	pfxpfx 11206	A prefix of a prefix is a prefix. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 7-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 8-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊)) ∧ 𝐿 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑊 prefix 𝑁) prefix 𝐿) = (𝑊 prefix 𝐿))
Theorem	pfxpfxid 11207	A prefix of a prefix with the same length is the original prefix. In other words, the operation "prefix of length 𝑁 " is idempotent. (Contributed by AV, 5-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 8-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊))) → ((𝑊 prefix 𝑁) prefix 𝑁) = (𝑊 prefix 𝑁))
4.7.9  Subwords and concatenations
Theorem	pfxcctswrd 11208	The concatenation of the prefix of a word and the rest of the word yields the word itself. (Contributed by AV, 21-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊))) → ((𝑊 prefix 𝑀) ++ (𝑊 substr ⟨𝑀, (♯‘𝑊)⟩)) = 𝑊)
Theorem	lenpfxcctswrd 11209	The length of the concatenation of the prefix of a word and the rest of the word is the length of the word. (Contributed by AV, 21-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊))) → (♯‘((𝑊 prefix 𝑀) ++ (𝑊 substr ⟨𝑀, (♯‘𝑊)⟩))) = (♯‘𝑊))
Theorem	lenrevpfxcctswrd 11210	The length of the concatenation of the rest of a word and the prefix of the word is the length of the word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 1-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊))) → (♯‘((𝑊 substr ⟨𝑀, (♯‘𝑊)⟩) ++ (𝑊 prefix 𝑀))) = (♯‘𝑊))
Theorem	pfxlswccat 11211	Reconstruct a nonempty word from its prefix and last symbol. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 5-Aug-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑊 ≠ ∅) → ((𝑊 prefix ((♯‘𝑊) − 1)) ++ ⟨“(lastS‘𝑊)”⟩) = 𝑊)
Theorem	ccats1pfxeq 11212	The last symbol of a word concatenated with the word with the last symbol removed results in the word itself. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 24-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑈 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑈) = ((♯‘𝑊) + 1)) → (𝑊 = (𝑈 prefix (♯‘𝑊)) → 𝑈 = (𝑊 ++ ⟨“(lastS‘𝑈)”⟩)))
Theorem	ccats1pfxeqrex 11213*	There exists a symbol such that its concatenation after the prefix obtained by deleting the last symbol of a nonempty word results in the word itself. (Contributed by AV, 5-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑈 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑈) = ((♯‘𝑊) + 1)) → (𝑊 = (𝑈 prefix (♯‘𝑊)) → ∃𝑠 ∈ 𝑉 𝑈 = (𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑠”⟩)))
Theorem	ccatopth 11214	An opth 4302-like theorem for recovering the two halves of a concatenated word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Oct-2015.) (Proof shortened by AV, 12-Oct-2022.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑋) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ Word 𝑋) ∧ (♯‘𝐴) = (♯‘𝐶)) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) = (𝐶 ++ 𝐷) ↔ (𝐴 = 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 = 𝐷)))
Theorem	ccatopth2 11215	An opth 4302-like theorem for recovering the two halves of a concatenated word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Oct-2015.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑋) ∧ (𝐶 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝐷 ∈ Word 𝑋) ∧ (♯‘𝐵) = (♯‘𝐷)) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) = (𝐶 ++ 𝐷) ↔ (𝐴 = 𝐶 ∧ 𝐵 = 𝐷)))
Theorem	ccatlcan 11216	Concatenation of words is left-cancellative. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 2-Oct-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ Word 𝑋) → ((𝐶 ++ 𝐴) = (𝐶 ++ 𝐵) ↔ 𝐴 = 𝐵))
Theorem	ccatrcan 11217	Concatenation of words is right-cancellative. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 2-Oct-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ Word 𝑋) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐶) = (𝐵 ++ 𝐶) ↔ 𝐴 = 𝐵))
Theorem	wrdeqs1cat 11218	Decompose a nonempty word by separating off the first symbol. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 25-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 1-Oct-2015.) (Proof shortened by AV, 12-Oct-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝑊 ≠ ∅) → 𝑊 = (⟨“(𝑊‘0)”⟩ ++ (𝑊 substr ⟨1, (♯‘𝑊)⟩)))
Theorem	cats1un 11219	Express a word with an extra symbol as the union of the word and the new value. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋) → (𝐴 ++ ⟨“𝐵”⟩) = (𝐴 ∪ {⟨(♯‘𝐴), 𝐵⟩}))
Theorem	wrdind 11220*	Perform induction over the structure of a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Sep-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.) (Proof shortened by AV, 12-Oct-2022.)
⊢ (𝑥 = ∅ → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓))    &   ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜒))    &   ⊢ (𝑥 = (𝑦 ++ ⟨“𝑧”⟩) → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜃))    &   ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝐴 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜏))    &   ⊢ 𝜓    &   ⊢ ((𝑦 ∈ Word 𝐵 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝜒 → 𝜃))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ Word 𝐵 → 𝜏)
Theorem	wrd2ind 11221*	Perform induction over the structure of two words of the same length. (Contributed by AV, 23-Jan-2019.) (Proof shortened by AV, 12-Oct-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑥 = ∅ ∧ 𝑤 = ∅) → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓))    &   ⊢ ((𝑥 = 𝑦 ∧ 𝑤 = 𝑢) → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜒))    &   ⊢ ((𝑥 = (𝑦 ++ ⟨“𝑧”⟩) ∧ 𝑤 = (𝑢 ++ ⟨“𝑠”⟩)) → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜃))    &   ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝐴 → (𝜌 ↔ 𝜏))    &   ⊢ (𝑤 = 𝐵 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜌))    &   ⊢ 𝜓    &   ⊢ (((𝑦 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝑋) ∧ (𝑢 ∈ Word 𝑌 ∧ 𝑠 ∈ 𝑌) ∧ (♯‘𝑦) = (♯‘𝑢)) → (𝜒 → 𝜃))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑌 ∧ (♯‘𝐴) = (♯‘𝐵)) → 𝜏)
4.7.10  Subwords of concatenations
Theorem	swrdccatfn 11222	The subword of a concatenation as function. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 27-May-2018.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ (𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...((♯‘𝐴) + (♯‘𝐵))))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) Fn (0..^(𝑁 − 𝑀)))
Theorem	swrdccatin1 11223	The subword of a concatenation of two words within the first of the concatenated words. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 28-Mar-2018.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝐴))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = (𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩)))
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem4 11224	Lemma 4 for pfxccatin12 11231. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by Alexander van der Vekens, 23-May-2018.)
⊢ ((𝐿 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝐿 − 𝑀))) → 𝐾 ∈ ((𝐿 − 𝑀)..^((𝐿 − 𝑀) + (𝑁 − 𝐿)))))
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem2a 11225	Lemma for pfxccatin12lem2 11229. (Contributed by AV, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 27-May-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...𝑋)) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝐿 − 𝑀))) → (𝐾 + 𝑀) ∈ (𝐿..^𝑋)))
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem1 11226	Lemma 1 for pfxccatin12 11231. (Contributed by AV, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...𝑋)) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝐿 − 𝑀))) → (𝐾 − (𝐿 − 𝑀)) ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝐿))))
Theorem	swrdccatin2 11227	The subword of a concatenation of two words within the second of the concatenated words. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 28-Mar-2018.) (Revised by Alexander van der Vekens, 27-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → ((𝑀 ∈ (𝐿...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = (𝐵 substr ⟨(𝑀 − 𝐿), (𝑁 − 𝐿)⟩)))
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem2c 11228	Lemma for pfxccatin12lem2 11229 and pfxccatin12lem3 11230. (Contributed by AV, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 27-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ (𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘(𝐴 ++ 𝐵)))))
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem2 11229	Lemma 2 for pfxccatin12 11231. (Contributed by AV, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ (𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))))) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝐿 − 𝑀))) → (((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩)‘𝐾) = ((𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿))‘(𝐾 − (♯‘(𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩))))))
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem3 11230	Lemma 3 for pfxccatin12 11231. (Contributed by AV, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 27-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ (𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))))) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝐿 − 𝑀))) → (((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩)‘𝐾) = ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩)‘𝐾)))
Theorem	pfxccatin12 11231	The subword of a concatenation of two words within both of the concatenated words. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 5-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩) ++ (𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿)))))
Theorem	pfxccat3 11232	The subword of a concatenation is either a subword of the first concatenated word or a subword of the second concatenated word or a concatenation of a suffix of the first word with a prefix of the second word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = if(𝑁 ≤ 𝐿, (𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩), if(𝐿 ≤ 𝑀, (𝐵 substr ⟨(𝑀 − 𝐿), (𝑁 − 𝐿)⟩), ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩) ++ (𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿)))))))
Theorem	swrdccat 11233	The subword of a concatenation of two words as concatenation of subwords of the two concatenated words. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 29-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, if(𝑁 ≤ 𝐿, 𝑁, 𝐿)⟩) ++ (𝐵 substr ⟨if(0 ≤ (𝑀 − 𝐿), (𝑀 − 𝐿), 0), (𝑁 − 𝐿)⟩))))
Theorem	pfxccatpfx1 11234	A prefix of a concatenation being a prefix of the first concatenated word. (Contributed by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...𝐿)) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) prefix 𝑁) = (𝐴 prefix 𝑁))
Theorem	pfxccatpfx2 11235	A prefix of a concatenation of two words being the first word concatenated with a prefix of the second word. (Contributed by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (♯‘𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ((𝐿 + 1)...(𝐿 + 𝑀))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) prefix 𝑁) = (𝐴 ++ (𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿))))
Theorem	pfxccat3a 11236	A prefix of a concatenation is either a prefix of the first concatenated word or a concatenation of the first word with a prefix of the second word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 31-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (♯‘𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → (𝑁 ∈ (0...(𝐿 + 𝑀)) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) prefix 𝑁) = if(𝑁 ≤ 𝐿, (𝐴 prefix 𝑁), (𝐴 ++ (𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿))))))
Theorem	swrdccat3blem 11237	Lemma for swrdccat3b 11238. (Contributed by AV, 30-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (0...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)))) ∧ (𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)) ≤ 𝐿) → if(𝐿 ≤ 𝑀, (𝐵 substr ⟨(𝑀 − 𝐿), (♯‘𝐵)⟩), ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩) ++ 𝐵)) = (𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, (𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))⟩))
Theorem	swrdccat3b 11238	A suffix of a concatenation is either a suffix of the second concatenated word or a concatenation of a suffix of the first word with the second word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 31-Mar-2018.) (Revised by Alexander van der Vekens, 30-May-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 14-Oct-2022.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → (𝑀 ∈ (0...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, (𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))⟩) = if(𝐿 ≤ 𝑀, (𝐵 substr ⟨(𝑀 − 𝐿), (♯‘𝐵)⟩), ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩) ++ 𝐵))))
Theorem	pfxccatid 11239	A prefix of a concatenation of length of the first concatenated word is the first word itself. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 20-Sep-2018.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐴)) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) prefix 𝑁) = 𝐴)
Theorem	ccats1pfxeqbi 11240	A word is a prefix of a word with length greater by 1 than the first word iff the second word is the first word concatenated with the last symbol of the second word. (Contributed by AV, 24-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑈 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑈) = ((♯‘𝑊) + 1)) → (𝑊 = (𝑈 prefix (♯‘𝑊)) ↔ 𝑈 = (𝑊 ++ ⟨“(lastS‘𝑈)”⟩)))
Theorem	swrdccatin1d 11241	The subword of a concatenation of two words within the first of the concatenated words. (Contributed by AV, 31-May-2018.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro/AV, 21-Oct-2018.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝐴) = 𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (0...𝐿))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = (𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩))
Theorem	swrdccatin2d 11242	The subword of a concatenation of two words within the second of the concatenated words. (Contributed by AV, 31-May-2018.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro/AV, 21-Oct-2018.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝐴) = 𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (𝐿...𝑁))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = (𝐵 substr ⟨(𝑀 − 𝐿), (𝑁 − 𝐿)⟩))
Theorem	pfxccatin12d 11243	The subword of a concatenation of two words within both of the concatenated words. (Contributed by AV, 31-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝐴) = 𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩) ++ (𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿))))
Theorem	reuccatpfxs1lem 11244*	Lemma for reuccatpfxs1 11245. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 5-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ (((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑈 ∈ 𝑋) ∧ ∀𝑠 ∈ 𝑉 ((𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑠”⟩) ∈ 𝑋 → 𝑆 = 𝑠) ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑥 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑥) = ((♯‘𝑊) + 1))) → (𝑊 = (𝑈 prefix (♯‘𝑊)) → 𝑈 = (𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑆”⟩)))
Theorem	reuccatpfxs1 11245*	There is a unique word having the length of a given word increased by 1 with the given word as prefix if there is a unique symbol which extends the given word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 6-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 21-Jan-2022.) (Revised by AV, 13-Oct-2022.)
⊢ Ⅎ𝑣𝑋    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑥 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑥) = ((♯‘𝑊) + 1))) → (∃!𝑣 ∈ 𝑉 (𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑣”⟩) ∈ 𝑋 → ∃!𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 𝑊 = (𝑥 prefix (♯‘𝑊))))
Theorem	reuccatpfxs1v 11246*	There is a unique word having the length of a given word increased by 1 with the given word as prefix if there is a unique symbol which extends the given word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 6-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 21-Jan-2022.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2022.) (Proof shortened by AV, 13-Oct-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑥 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑥) = ((♯‘𝑊) + 1))) → (∃!𝑣 ∈ 𝑉 (𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑣”⟩) ∈ 𝑋 → ∃!𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 𝑊 = (𝑥 prefix (♯‘𝑊))))
4.7.11  Longer string literals
Syntax	cs2 11247	Syntax for the length 2 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩
Syntax	cs3 11248	Syntax for the length 3 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩
Syntax	cs4 11249	Syntax for the length 4 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩
Syntax	cs5 11250	Syntax for the length 5 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩
Syntax	cs6 11251	Syntax for the length 6 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩
Syntax	cs7 11252	Syntax for the length 7 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩
Syntax	cs8 11253	Syntax for the length 8 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩
Definition	df-s2 11254	Define the length 2 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐵”⟩)
Definition	df-s3 11255	Define the length 3 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐶”⟩)
Definition	df-s4 11256	Define the length 4 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐷”⟩)
Definition	df-s5 11257	Define the length 5 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐸”⟩)
Definition	df-s6 11258	Define the length 6 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐹”⟩)
Definition	df-s7 11259	Define the length 7 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐺”⟩)
Definition	df-s8 11260	Define the length 8 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐻”⟩)
Theorem	cats1cld 11261	Closure of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ∈ Word 𝐴)
Theorem	cats1fvn 11262	The last symbol of a concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 ∈ Word V    &   ⊢ (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑇‘𝑀) = 𝑋)
Theorem	cats1fvnd 11263	The last symbol of a concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 20-Jan-2026.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑇‘𝑀) = 𝑋)
Theorem	cats1fvd 11264	A symbol other than the last in a concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 20-Jan-2026.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑆‘𝑁) = 𝑌)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 < 𝑀)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑇‘𝑁) = 𝑌)
Theorem	cats1lend 11265	The length of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 19-Jan-2026.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀    &   ⊢ (𝑀 + 1) = 𝑁    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝑇) = 𝑁)
Theorem	cats1catd 11266	Closure of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 19-Jan-2026.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = (𝐵 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = (𝐴 ++ 𝑆))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = (𝐴 ++ 𝑇))
Theorem	cats2catd 11267	Closure of concatenation of concatenations with singleton words. (Contributed by AV, 1-Mar-2021.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 19-Jan-2026.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = (𝐵 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = (⟨“𝑌”⟩ ++ 𝐷))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ++ 𝐶) = ((𝐵 ++ ⟨“𝑋𝑌”⟩) ++ 𝐷))
Theorem	s2eqd 11268	Equality theorem for a doubleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂”⟩)
Theorem	s3eqd 11269	Equality theorem for a length 3 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃”⟩)
Theorem	s4eqd 11270	Equality theorem for a length 4 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄”⟩)
Theorem	s5eqd 11271	Equality theorem for a length 5 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅”⟩)
Theorem	s6eqd 11272	Equality theorem for a length 6 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = 𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆”⟩)
Theorem	s7eqd 11273	Equality theorem for a length 7 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = 𝑇)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆𝑇”⟩)
Theorem	s8eqd 11274	Equality theorem for a length 8 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 = 𝑈)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆𝑇𝑈”⟩)
Theorem	s3eq2 11275	Equality theorem for a length 3 word for the second symbol. (Contributed by AV, 4-Jan-2022.)
⊢ (𝐵 = 𝐷 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = ⟨“𝐴𝐷𝐶”⟩)
Theorem	s2cld 11276	A doubleton word is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s3cld 11277	A length 3 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s4cld 11278	A length 4 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s5cld 11279	A length 5 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s6cld 11280	A length 6 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s7cld 11281	A length 7 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s8cld 11282	A length 8 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s2cl 11283	A doubleton word is a word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋) → ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s3cl 11284	A length 3 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s2fv0g 11285	Extract the first symbol from a doubleton word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩‘0) = 𝐴)
Theorem	s2fv1g 11286	Extract the second symbol from a doubleton word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩‘1) = 𝐵)
Theorem	s2leng 11287	The length of a doubleton word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (♯‘⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩) = 2)
Theorem	s2dmg 11288	The domain of a doubleton word is an unordered pair. (Contributed by AV, 9-Jan-2020.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → dom ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = {0, 1})
Theorem	s3fv0g 11289	Extract the first symbol from a length 3 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Jan-2017.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩‘0) = 𝐴)
Theorem	s3fv1g 11290	Extract the second symbol from a length 3 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Jan-2017.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩‘1) = 𝐵)
4.8  Elementary real and complex functions
4.8.1  The "shift" operation
Syntax	cshi 11291	Extend class notation with function shifter.
class shift
Definition	df-shft 11292*	Define a function shifter. This operation offsets the value argument of a function (ordinarily on a subset of ℂ) and produces a new function on ℂ. See shftval 11302 for its value. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2005.)
⊢ shift = (𝑓 ∈ V, 𝑥 ∈ ℂ ↦ {⟨𝑦, 𝑧⟩ ∣ (𝑦 ∈ ℂ ∧ (𝑦 − 𝑥)𝑓𝑧)})
Theorem	shftlem 11293*	Two ways to write a shifted set (𝐵 + 𝐴). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Nov-2013.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ⊆ ℂ) → {𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∣ (𝑥 − 𝐴) ∈ 𝐵} = {𝑥 ∣ ∃𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 𝑥 = (𝑦 + 𝐴)})
Theorem	shftuz 11294*	A shift of the upper integers. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℤ) → {𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∣ (𝑥 − 𝐴) ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝐵)} = (ℤ≥‘(𝐵 + 𝐴)))
Theorem	shftfvalg 11295*	The value of the sequence shifter operation is a function on ℂ. 𝐴 is ordinarily an integer. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-Nov-2013.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐹 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝐹 shift 𝐴) = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ (𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ (𝑥 − 𝐴)𝐹𝑦)})
Theorem	ovshftex 11296	Existence of the result of applying shift. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Aug-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐹 shift 𝐴) ∈ V)
Theorem	shftfibg 11297	Value of a fiber of the relation 𝐹. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Aug-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift 𝐴) “ {𝐵}) = (𝐹 “ {(𝐵 − 𝐴)}))
Theorem	shftfval 11298*	The value of the sequence shifter operation is a function on ℂ. 𝐴 is ordinarily an integer. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (𝐹 shift 𝐴) = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ (𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ (𝑥 − 𝐴)𝐹𝑦)})
Theorem	shftdm 11299*	Domain of a relation shifted by 𝐴. The set on the right is more commonly notated as (dom 𝐹 + 𝐴) (meaning add 𝐴 to every element of dom 𝐹). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → dom (𝐹 shift 𝐴) = {𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∣ (𝑥 − 𝐴) ∈ dom 𝐹})
Theorem	shftfib 11300	Value of a fiber of the relation 𝐹. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 4-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift 𝐴) “ {𝐵}) = (𝐹 “ {(𝐵 − 𝐴)}))