P. 68 of Theorem List - Intuitionistic Logic Explorer

Theorem List for Intuitionistic Logic Explorer - 6701-6800   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	oawordi 6701	Weak ordering property of ordinal addition. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 27-Jul-2019.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ On ∧ 𝐵 ∈ On ∧ 𝐶 ∈ On) → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 → (𝐶 +o 𝐴) ⊆ (𝐶 +o 𝐵)))
Theorem	oawordriexmid 6702*	A weak ordering property of ordinal addition which implies excluded middle. The property is proposition 8.7 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 59. Compare with oawordi 6701. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-May-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑎 ∈ On ∧ 𝑏 ∈ On ∧ 𝑐 ∈ On) → (𝑎 ⊆ 𝑏 → (𝑎 +o 𝑐) ⊆ (𝑏 +o 𝑐)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 ∨ ¬ 𝜑)
Theorem	oaword1 6703	An ordinal is less than or equal to its sum with another. Part of Exercise 5 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 62. (Contributed by NM, 6-Dec-2004.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ On ∧ 𝐵 ∈ On) → 𝐴 ⊆ (𝐴 +o 𝐵))
Theorem	omsuc 6704	Multiplication with successor. Definition 8.15 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 62. (Contributed by NM, 17-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 8-Sep-2013.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ On ∧ 𝐵 ∈ On) → (𝐴 ·o suc 𝐵) = ((𝐴 ·o 𝐵) +o 𝐴))
Theorem	onmsuc 6705	Multiplication with successor. Theorem 4J(A2) of [Enderton] p. 80. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 14-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ On ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ·o suc 𝐵) = ((𝐴 ·o 𝐵) +o 𝐴))
2.6.25  Natural number arithmetic
Theorem	nna0 6706	Addition with zero. Theorem 4I(A1) of [Enderton] p. 79. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ω → (𝐴 +o ∅) = 𝐴)
Theorem	nnm0 6707	Multiplication with zero. Theorem 4J(A1) of [Enderton] p. 80. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ω → (𝐴 ·o ∅) = ∅)
Theorem	nnasuc 6708	Addition with successor. Theorem 4I(A2) of [Enderton] p. 79. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 14-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 +o suc 𝐵) = suc (𝐴 +o 𝐵))
Theorem	nnmsuc 6709	Multiplication with successor. Theorem 4J(A2) of [Enderton] p. 80. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 14-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ·o suc 𝐵) = ((𝐴 ·o 𝐵) +o 𝐴))
Theorem	nna0r 6710	Addition to zero. Remark in proof of Theorem 4K(2) of [Enderton] p. 81. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 14-Nov-2014.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ω → (∅ +o 𝐴) = 𝐴)
Theorem	nnm0r 6711	Multiplication with zero. Exercise 16 of [Enderton] p. 82. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ω → (∅ ·o 𝐴) = ∅)
Theorem	nnacl 6712	Closure of addition of natural numbers. Proposition 8.9 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 59. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 22-Oct-2011.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 +o 𝐵) ∈ ω)
Theorem	nnmcl 6713	Closure of multiplication of natural numbers. Proposition 8.17 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 63. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 22-Oct-2011.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ·o 𝐵) ∈ ω)
Theorem	nnacli 6714	ω is closed under addition. Inference form of nnacl 6712. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 20-Apr-2012.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ω    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ω    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 +o 𝐵) ∈ ω
Theorem	nnmcli 6715	ω is closed under multiplication. Inference form of nnmcl 6713. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 20-Apr-2012.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ω    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ω    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ·o 𝐵) ∈ ω
Theorem	nnacom 6716	Addition of natural numbers is commutative. Theorem 4K(2) of [Enderton] p. 81. (Contributed by NM, 6-May-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 +o 𝐵) = (𝐵 +o 𝐴))
Theorem	nnaass 6717	Addition of natural numbers is associative. Theorem 4K(1) of [Enderton] p. 81. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → ((𝐴 +o 𝐵) +o 𝐶) = (𝐴 +o (𝐵 +o 𝐶)))
Theorem	nndi 6718	Distributive law for natural numbers (left-distributivity). Theorem 4K(3) of [Enderton] p. 81. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ·o (𝐵 +o 𝐶)) = ((𝐴 ·o 𝐵) +o (𝐴 ·o 𝐶)))
Theorem	nnmass 6719	Multiplication of natural numbers is associative. Theorem 4K(4) of [Enderton] p. 81. (Contributed by NM, 20-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → ((𝐴 ·o 𝐵) ·o 𝐶) = (𝐴 ·o (𝐵 ·o 𝐶)))
Theorem	nnmsucr 6720	Multiplication with successor. Exercise 16 of [Enderton] p. 82. (Contributed by NM, 21-Sep-1995.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 22-Oct-2011.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (suc 𝐴 ·o 𝐵) = ((𝐴 ·o 𝐵) +o 𝐵))
Theorem	nnmcom 6721	Multiplication of natural numbers is commutative. Theorem 4K(5) of [Enderton] p. 81. (Contributed by NM, 21-Sep-1995.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 22-Oct-2011.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ·o 𝐵) = (𝐵 ·o 𝐴))
Theorem	nndir 6722	Distributive law for natural numbers (right-distributivity). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 3-Dec-2019.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → ((𝐴 +o 𝐵) ·o 𝐶) = ((𝐴 ·o 𝐶) +o (𝐵 ·o 𝐶)))
Theorem	nnsucelsuc 6723	Membership is inherited by successors. The reverse direction holds for all ordinals, as seen at onsucelsucr 4629, but the forward direction, for all ordinals, implies excluded middle as seen as onsucelsucexmid 4651. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Aug-2019.)
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ ω → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 ↔ suc 𝐴 ∈ suc 𝐵))
Theorem	nnsucsssuc 6724	Membership is inherited by successors. The reverse direction holds for all ordinals, as seen at onsucsssucr 4630, but the forward direction, for all ordinals, implies excluded middle as seen as onsucsssucexmid 4648. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Aug-2019.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ↔ suc 𝐴 ⊆ suc 𝐵))
Theorem	nntri3or 6725	Trichotomy for natural numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Aug-2019.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 ∨ 𝐴 = 𝐵 ∨ 𝐵 ∈ 𝐴))
Theorem	nntri2 6726	A trichotomy law for natural numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 28-Aug-2019.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 ↔ ¬ (𝐴 = 𝐵 ∨ 𝐵 ∈ 𝐴)))
Theorem	nnsucuniel 6727	Given an element 𝐴 of the union of a natural number 𝐵, suc 𝐴 is an element of 𝐵 itself. The reverse direction holds for all ordinals (sucunielr 4631). The forward direction for all ordinals implies excluded middle (ordsucunielexmid 4652). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 13-Mar-2022.)
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ ω → (𝐴 ∈ ∪ 𝐵 ↔ suc 𝐴 ∈ 𝐵))
Theorem	nntri1 6728	A trichotomy law for natural numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 28-Aug-2019.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ↔ ¬ 𝐵 ∈ 𝐴))
Theorem	nntri3 6729	A trichotomy law for natural numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 = 𝐵 ↔ (¬ 𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ ¬ 𝐵 ∈ 𝐴)))
Theorem	nntri2or2 6730	A trichotomy law for natural numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Sep-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ∨ 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐴))
Theorem	nndceq 6731	Equality of natural numbers is decidable. Theorem 7.2.6 of [HoTT], p. (varies). For the specific case where 𝐵 is zero, see nndceq0 4739. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Aug-2019.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → DECID 𝐴 = 𝐵)
Theorem	nndcel 6732	Set membership between two natural numbers is decidable. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 6-Sep-2019.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → DECID 𝐴 ∈ 𝐵)
Theorem	nnsseleq 6733	For natural numbers, inclusion is equivalent to membership or equality. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 16-Sep-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ↔ (𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 ∨ 𝐴 = 𝐵)))
Theorem	nnsssuc 6734	A natural number is a subset of another natural number if and only if it belongs to its successor. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 22-Jul-2023.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ↔ 𝐴 ∈ suc 𝐵))
Theorem	nntr2 6735	Transitive law for natural numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 22-Jul-2023.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → ((𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝐶) → 𝐴 ∈ 𝐶))
Theorem	dcdifsnid 6736*	If we remove a single element from a set with decidable equality then put it back in, we end up with the original set. This strengthens difsnss 3839 from subset to equality but the proof relies on equality being decidable. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 17-Jun-2022.)
⊢ ((∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 DECID 𝑥 = 𝑦 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝐴) → ((𝐴 ∖ {𝐵}) ∪ {𝐵}) = 𝐴)
Theorem	fnsnsplitdc 6737*	Split a function into a single point and all the rest. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 27-Feb-2015.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 29-Jan-2023.)
⊢ ((∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 DECID 𝑥 = 𝑦 ∧ 𝐹 Fn 𝐴 ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝐹 = ((𝐹 ↾ (𝐴 ∖ {𝑋})) ∪ {⟨𝑋, (𝐹‘𝑋)⟩}))
Theorem	funresdfunsndc 6738*	Restricting a function to a domain without one element of the domain of the function, and adding a pair of this element and the function value of the element results in the function itself, where equality is decidable. (Contributed by AV, 2-Dec-2018.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 30-Jan-2023.)
⊢ ((∀𝑥 ∈ dom 𝐹∀𝑦 ∈ dom 𝐹DECID 𝑥 = 𝑦 ∧ Fun 𝐹 ∧ 𝑋 ∈ dom 𝐹) → ((𝐹 ↾ (V ∖ {𝑋})) ∪ {⟨𝑋, (𝐹‘𝑋)⟩}) = 𝐹)
Theorem	nndifsnid 6739	If we remove a single element from a natural number then put it back in, we end up with the original natural number. This strengthens difsnss 3839 from subset to equality but the proof relies on equality being decidable. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Aug-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝐴) → ((𝐴 ∖ {𝐵}) ∪ {𝐵}) = 𝐴)
Theorem	nnaordi 6740	Ordering property of addition. Proposition 8.4 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 58, limited to natural numbers. (Contributed by NM, 3-Feb-1996.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 → (𝐶 +o 𝐴) ∈ (𝐶 +o 𝐵)))
Theorem	nnaord 6741	Ordering property of addition. Proposition 8.4 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 58, limited to natural numbers, and its converse. (Contributed by NM, 7-Mar-1996.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 ↔ (𝐶 +o 𝐴) ∈ (𝐶 +o 𝐵)))
Theorem	nnaordr 6742	Ordering property of addition of natural numbers. (Contributed by NM, 9-Nov-2002.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 ↔ (𝐴 +o 𝐶) ∈ (𝐵 +o 𝐶)))
Theorem	nnaword 6743	Weak ordering property of addition. (Contributed by NM, 17-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ↔ (𝐶 +o 𝐴) ⊆ (𝐶 +o 𝐵)))
Theorem	nnacan 6744	Cancellation law for addition of natural numbers. (Contributed by NM, 27-Oct-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → ((𝐴 +o 𝐵) = (𝐴 +o 𝐶) ↔ 𝐵 = 𝐶))
Theorem	nnaword1 6745	Weak ordering property of addition. (Contributed by NM, 9-Nov-2002.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → 𝐴 ⊆ (𝐴 +o 𝐵))
Theorem	nnaword2 6746	Weak ordering property of addition. (Contributed by NM, 9-Nov-2002.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → 𝐴 ⊆ (𝐵 +o 𝐴))
Theorem	nnawordi 6747	Adding to both sides of an inequality in ω. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 16-Apr-2012.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-May-2012.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 → (𝐴 +o 𝐶) ⊆ (𝐵 +o 𝐶)))
Theorem	nnmordi 6748	Ordering property of multiplication. Half of Proposition 8.19 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 63, limited to natural numbers. (Contributed by NM, 18-Sep-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ (((𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) ∧ ∅ ∈ 𝐶) → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 → (𝐶 ·o 𝐴) ∈ (𝐶 ·o 𝐵)))
Theorem	nnmord 6749	Ordering property of multiplication. Proposition 8.19 of [TakeutiZaring] p. 63, limited to natural numbers. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jan-1996.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) → ((𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ ∅ ∈ 𝐶) ↔ (𝐶 ·o 𝐴) ∈ (𝐶 ·o 𝐵)))
Theorem	nnmword 6750	Weak ordering property of ordinal multiplication. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 17-Nov-2014.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) ∧ ∅ ∈ 𝐶) → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ↔ (𝐶 ·o 𝐴) ⊆ (𝐶 ·o 𝐵)))
Theorem	nnmcan 6751	Cancellation law for multiplication of natural numbers. (Contributed by NM, 26-Oct-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ω) ∧ ∅ ∈ 𝐴) → ((𝐴 ·o 𝐵) = (𝐴 ·o 𝐶) ↔ 𝐵 = 𝐶))
Theorem	1onn 6752	One is a natural number. (Contributed by NM, 29-Oct-1995.)
⊢ 1o ∈ ω
Theorem	2onn 6753	The ordinal 2 is a natural number. (Contributed by NM, 28-Sep-2004.)
⊢ 2o ∈ ω
Theorem	3onn 6754	The ordinal 3 is a natural number. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 5-Jan-2016.)
⊢ 3o ∈ ω
Theorem	4onn 6755	The ordinal 4 is a natural number. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 5-Jan-2016.)
⊢ 4o ∈ ω
Theorem	2ssom 6756	The ordinal 2 is included in the set of natural number ordinals. (Contributed by BJ, 5-Aug-2024.)
⊢ 2o ⊆ ω
Theorem	nnm1 6757	Multiply an element of ω by 1o. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 17-Nov-2014.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ω → (𝐴 ·o 1o) = 𝐴)
Theorem	nnm2 6758	Multiply an element of ω by 2o. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 18-Apr-2012.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 17-Nov-2014.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ω → (𝐴 ·o 2o) = (𝐴 +o 𝐴))
Theorem	nn2m 6759	Multiply an element of ω by 2o. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 16-Apr-2012.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 17-Nov-2014.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ω → (2o ·o 𝐴) = (𝐴 +o 𝐴))
Theorem	nnaordex 6760*	Equivalence for ordering. Compare Exercise 23 of [Enderton] p. 88. (Contributed by NM, 5-Dec-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 ↔ ∃𝑥 ∈ ω (∅ ∈ 𝑥 ∧ (𝐴 +o 𝑥) = 𝐵)))
Theorem	nnawordex 6761*	Equivalence for weak ordering of natural numbers. (Contributed by NM, 8-Nov-2002.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 15-Nov-2014.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵 ↔ ∃𝑥 ∈ ω (𝐴 +o 𝑥) = 𝐵))
Theorem	nnm00 6762	The product of two natural numbers is zero iff at least one of them is zero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 11-Nov-2004.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ω ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → ((𝐴 ·o 𝐵) = ∅ ↔ (𝐴 = ∅ ∨ 𝐵 = ∅)))
2.6.26  Equivalence relations and classes
Syntax	wer 6763	Extend the definition of a wff to include the equivalence predicate.
wff 𝑅 Er 𝐴
Syntax	cec 6764	Extend the definition of a class to include equivalence class.
class [𝐴]𝑅
Syntax	cqs 6765	Extend the definition of a class to include quotient set.
class (𝐴 / 𝑅)
Definition	df-er 6766	Define the equivalence relation predicate. Our notation is not standard. A formal notation doesn't seem to exist in the literature; instead only informal English tends to be used. The present definition, although somewhat cryptic, nicely avoids dummy variables. In dfer2 6767 we derive a more typical definition. We show that an equivalence relation is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive in erref 6786, ersymb 6780, and ertr 6781. (Contributed by NM, 4-Jun-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 2-Nov-2015.)
⊢ (𝑅 Er 𝐴 ↔ (Rel 𝑅 ∧ dom 𝑅 = 𝐴 ∧ (◡𝑅 ∪ (𝑅 ∘ 𝑅)) ⊆ 𝑅))
Theorem	dfer2 6767*	Alternate definition of equivalence predicate. (Contributed by NM, 3-Jan-1997.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝑅 Er 𝐴 ↔ (Rel 𝑅 ∧ dom 𝑅 = 𝐴 ∧ ∀𝑥∀𝑦∀𝑧((𝑥𝑅𝑦 → 𝑦𝑅𝑥) ∧ ((𝑥𝑅𝑦 ∧ 𝑦𝑅𝑧) → 𝑥𝑅𝑧))))
Definition	df-ec 6768	Define the 𝑅-coset of 𝐴. Exercise 35 of [Enderton] p. 61. This is called the equivalence class of 𝐴 modulo 𝑅 when 𝑅 is an equivalence relation (i.e. when Er 𝑅; see dfer2 6767). In this case, 𝐴 is a representative (member) of the equivalence class [𝐴]𝑅, which contains all sets that are equivalent to 𝐴. Definition of [Enderton] p. 57 uses the notation [𝐴] (subscript) 𝑅, although we simply follow the brackets by 𝑅 since we don't have subscripted expressions. For an alternate definition, see dfec2 6769. (Contributed by NM, 23-Jul-1995.)
⊢ [𝐴]𝑅 = (𝑅 “ {𝐴})
Theorem	dfec2 6769*	Alternate definition of 𝑅-coset of 𝐴. Definition 34 of [Suppes] p. 81. (Contributed by NM, 3-Jan-1997.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2014.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → [𝐴]𝑅 = {𝑦 ∣ 𝐴𝑅𝑦})
Theorem	ecexg 6770	An equivalence class modulo a set is a set. (Contributed by NM, 24-Jul-1995.)
⊢ (𝑅 ∈ 𝐵 → [𝐴]𝑅 ∈ V)
Theorem	ecexr 6771	An inhabited equivalence class implies the representative is a set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2014.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ [𝐵]𝑅 → 𝐵 ∈ V)
Definition	df-qs 6772*	Define quotient set. 𝑅 is usually an equivalence relation. Definition of [Enderton] p. 58. (Contributed by NM, 23-Jul-1995.)
⊢ (𝐴 / 𝑅) = {𝑦 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝑦 = [𝑥]𝑅}
Theorem	ereq1 6773	Equality theorem for equivalence predicate. (Contributed by NM, 4-Jun-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝑅 = 𝑆 → (𝑅 Er 𝐴 ↔ 𝑆 Er 𝐴))
Theorem	ereq2 6774	Equality theorem for equivalence predicate. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 = 𝐵 → (𝑅 Er 𝐴 ↔ 𝑅 Er 𝐵))
Theorem	errel 6775	An equivalence relation is a relation. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝑅 Er 𝐴 → Rel 𝑅)
Theorem	erdm 6776	The domain of an equivalence relation. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝑅 Er 𝐴 → dom 𝑅 = 𝐴)
Theorem	ercl 6777	Elementhood in the field of an equivalence relation. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)
Theorem	ersym 6778	An equivalence relation is symmetric. (Contributed by NM, 4-Jun-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵𝑅𝐴)
Theorem	ercl2 6779	Elementhood in the field of an equivalence relation. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)
Theorem	ersymb 6780	An equivalence relation is symmetric. (Contributed by NM, 30-Jul-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴𝑅𝐵 ↔ 𝐵𝑅𝐴))
Theorem	ertr 6781	An equivalence relation is transitive. (Contributed by NM, 4-Jun-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴𝑅𝐵 ∧ 𝐵𝑅𝐶) → 𝐴𝑅𝐶))
Theorem	ertrd 6782	A transitivity relation for equivalences. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2014.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵𝑅𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐶)
Theorem	ertr2d 6783	A transitivity relation for equivalences. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2014.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵𝑅𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶𝑅𝐴)
Theorem	ertr3d 6784	A transitivity relation for equivalences. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2014.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵𝑅𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵𝑅𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐶)
Theorem	ertr4d 6785	A transitivity relation for equivalences. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2014.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶𝑅𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐶)
Theorem	erref 6786	An equivalence relation is reflexive on its field. Compare Theorem 3M of [Enderton] p. 56. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-May-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐴)
Theorem	ercnv 6787	The converse of an equivalence relation is itself. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝑅 Er 𝐴 → ◡𝑅 = 𝑅)
Theorem	errn 6788	The range and domain of an equivalence relation are equal. (Contributed by Rodolfo Medina, 11-Oct-2010.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝑅 Er 𝐴 → ran 𝑅 = 𝐴)
Theorem	erssxp 6789	An equivalence relation is a subset of the cartesian product of the field. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝑅 Er 𝐴 → 𝑅 ⊆ (𝐴 × 𝐴))
Theorem	erex 6790	An equivalence relation is a set if its domain is a set. (Contributed by Rodolfo Medina, 15-Oct-2010.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝑅 Er 𝐴 → (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝑅 ∈ V))
Theorem	erexb 6791	An equivalence relation is a set if and only if its domain is a set. (Contributed by Rodolfo Medina, 15-Oct-2010.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝑅 Er 𝐴 → (𝑅 ∈ V ↔ 𝐴 ∈ V))
Theorem	iserd 6792*	A reflexive, symmetric, transitive relation is an equivalence relation on its domain. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝜑 → Rel 𝑅)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥𝑅𝑦) → 𝑦𝑅𝑥)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝑅𝑦 ∧ 𝑦𝑅𝑧)) → 𝑥𝑅𝑧)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ↔ 𝑥𝑅𝑥))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝐴)
Theorem	brdifun 6793	Evaluate the incomparability relation. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2014.)
⊢ 𝑅 = ((𝑋 × 𝑋) ∖ ( < ∪ ◡ < ))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋) → (𝐴𝑅𝐵 ↔ ¬ (𝐴 < 𝐵 ∨ 𝐵 < 𝐴)))
Theorem	swoer 6794*	Incomparability under a strict weak partial order is an equivalence relation. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ 𝑅 = ((𝑋 × 𝑋) ∖ ( < ∪ ◡ < ))    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝑋)) → (𝑦 < 𝑧 → ¬ 𝑧 < 𝑦))    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝑋)) → (𝑥 < 𝑦 → (𝑥 < 𝑧 ∨ 𝑧 < 𝑦)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 Er 𝑋)
Theorem	swoord1 6795*	The incomparability equivalence relation is compatible with the original order. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 31-Dec-2014.)
⊢ 𝑅 = ((𝑋 × 𝑋) ∖ ( < ∪ ◡ < ))    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝑋)) → (𝑦 < 𝑧 → ¬ 𝑧 < 𝑦))    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝑋)) → (𝑥 < 𝑦 → (𝑥 < 𝑧 ∨ 𝑧 < 𝑦)))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 < 𝐶 ↔ 𝐵 < 𝐶))
Theorem	swoord2 6796*	The incomparability equivalence relation is compatible with the original order. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 31-Dec-2014.)
⊢ 𝑅 = ((𝑋 × 𝑋) ∖ ( < ∪ ◡ < ))    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝑋)) → (𝑦 < 𝑧 → ¬ 𝑧 < 𝑦))    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝑋)) → (𝑥 < 𝑦 → (𝑥 < 𝑧 ∨ 𝑧 < 𝑦)))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴𝑅𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶 < 𝐴 ↔ 𝐶 < 𝐵))
Theorem	eqerlem 6797*	Lemma for eqer 6798. (Contributed by NM, 17-Mar-2008.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 6-Dec-2016.)
⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → 𝐴 = 𝐵)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ 𝐴 = 𝐵}    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑧𝑅𝑤 ↔ ⦋𝑧 / 𝑥⦌𝐴 = ⦋𝑤 / 𝑥⦌𝐴)
Theorem	eqer 6798*	Equivalence relation involving equality of dependent classes 𝐴(𝑥) and 𝐵(𝑦). (Contributed by NM, 17-Mar-2008.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 12-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → 𝐴 = 𝐵)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ 𝐴 = 𝐵}    ⇒   ⊢ 𝑅 Er V
Theorem	ider 6799	The identity relation is an equivalence relation. (Contributed by NM, 10-May-1998.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 22-Oct-2011.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 9-Jul-2014.)
⊢ I Er V
Theorem	0er 6800	The empty set is an equivalence relation on the empty set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 5-Sep-2015.)
⊢ ∅ Er ∅