P. 114 of Theorem List - Intuitionistic Logic Explorer

Theorem List for Intuitionistic Logic Explorer - 11301-11400   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem2a 11301	Lemma for pfxccatin12lem2 11305. (Contributed by AV, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 27-May-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...𝑋)) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝐿 − 𝑀))) → (𝐾 + 𝑀) ∈ (𝐿..^𝑋)))
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem1 11302	Lemma 1 for pfxccatin12 11307. (Contributed by AV, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...𝑋)) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝐿 − 𝑀))) → (𝐾 − (𝐿 − 𝑀)) ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝐿))))
Theorem	swrdccatin2 11303	The subword of a concatenation of two words within the second of the concatenated words. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 28-Mar-2018.) (Revised by Alexander van der Vekens, 27-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → ((𝑀 ∈ (𝐿...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = (𝐵 substr ⟨(𝑀 − 𝐿), (𝑁 − 𝐿)⟩)))
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem2c 11304	Lemma for pfxccatin12lem2 11305 and pfxccatin12lem3 11306. (Contributed by AV, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 27-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ (𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘(𝐴 ++ 𝐵)))))
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem2 11305	Lemma 2 for pfxccatin12 11307. (Contributed by AV, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ (𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))))) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ ¬ 𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝐿 − 𝑀))) → (((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩)‘𝐾) = ((𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿))‘(𝐾 − (♯‘(𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩))))))
Theorem	pfxccatin12lem3 11306	Lemma 3 for pfxccatin12 11307. (Contributed by AV, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 27-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ (𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))))) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝑁 − 𝑀)) ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0..^(𝐿 − 𝑀))) → (((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩)‘𝐾) = ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩)‘𝐾)))
Theorem	pfxccatin12 11307	The subword of a concatenation of two words within both of the concatenated words. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 5-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩) ++ (𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿)))))
Theorem	pfxccat3 11308	The subword of a concatenation is either a subword of the first concatenated word or a subword of the second concatenated word or a concatenation of a suffix of the first word with a prefix of the second word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 30-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = if(𝑁 ≤ 𝐿, (𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩), if(𝐿 ≤ 𝑀, (𝐵 substr ⟨(𝑀 − 𝐿), (𝑁 − 𝐿)⟩), ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩) ++ (𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿)))))))
Theorem	swrdccat 11309	The subword of a concatenation of two words as concatenation of subwords of the two concatenated words. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 29-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → ((𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, if(𝑁 ≤ 𝐿, 𝑁, 𝐿)⟩) ++ (𝐵 substr ⟨if(0 ≤ (𝑀 − 𝐿), (𝑀 − 𝐿), 0), (𝑁 − 𝐿)⟩))))
Theorem	pfxccatpfx1 11310	A prefix of a concatenation being a prefix of the first concatenated word. (Contributed by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...𝐿)) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) prefix 𝑁) = (𝐴 prefix 𝑁))
Theorem	pfxccatpfx2 11311	A prefix of a concatenation of two words being the first word concatenated with a prefix of the second word. (Contributed by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (♯‘𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ((𝐿 + 1)...(𝐿 + 𝑀))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) prefix 𝑁) = (𝐴 ++ (𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿))))
Theorem	pfxccat3a 11312	A prefix of a concatenation is either a prefix of the first concatenated word or a concatenation of the first word with a prefix of the second word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 31-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (♯‘𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → (𝑁 ∈ (0...(𝐿 + 𝑀)) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) prefix 𝑁) = if(𝑁 ≤ 𝐿, (𝐴 prefix 𝑁), (𝐴 ++ (𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿))))))
Theorem	swrdccat3blem 11313	Lemma for swrdccat3b 11314. (Contributed by AV, 30-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ 𝑀 ∈ (0...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)))) ∧ (𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵)) ≤ 𝐿) → if(𝐿 ≤ 𝑀, (𝐵 substr ⟨(𝑀 − 𝐿), (♯‘𝐵)⟩), ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩) ++ 𝐵)) = (𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, (𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))⟩))
Theorem	swrdccat3b 11314	A suffix of a concatenation is either a suffix of the second concatenated word or a concatenation of a suffix of the first word with the second word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 31-Mar-2018.) (Revised by Alexander van der Vekens, 30-May-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 14-Oct-2022.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (♯‘𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉) → (𝑀 ∈ (0...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, (𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))⟩) = if(𝐿 ≤ 𝑀, (𝐵 substr ⟨(𝑀 − 𝐿), (♯‘𝐵)⟩), ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩) ++ 𝐵))))
Theorem	pfxccatid 11315	A prefix of a concatenation of length of the first concatenated word is the first word itself. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 20-Sep-2018.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐴)) → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) prefix 𝑁) = 𝐴)
Theorem	ccats1pfxeqbi 11316	A word is a prefix of a word with length greater by 1 than the first word iff the second word is the first word concatenated with the last symbol of the second word. (Contributed by AV, 24-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑈 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑈) = ((♯‘𝑊) + 1)) → (𝑊 = (𝑈 prefix (♯‘𝑊)) ↔ 𝑈 = (𝑊 ++ ⟨“(lastS‘𝑈)”⟩)))
Theorem	swrdccatin1d 11317	The subword of a concatenation of two words within the first of the concatenated words. (Contributed by AV, 31-May-2018.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro/AV, 21-Oct-2018.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝐴) = 𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (0...𝐿))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = (𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩))
Theorem	swrdccatin2d 11318	The subword of a concatenation of two words within the second of the concatenated words. (Contributed by AV, 31-May-2018.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro/AV, 21-Oct-2018.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝐴) = 𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (𝐿...𝑁))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = (𝐵 substr ⟨(𝑀 − 𝐿), (𝑁 − 𝐿)⟩))
Theorem	pfxccatin12d 11319	The subword of a concatenation of two words within both of the concatenated words. (Contributed by AV, 31-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2020.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝐴) = 𝐿)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ Word 𝑉))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (0...𝐿))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ (𝐿...(𝐿 + (♯‘𝐵))))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 ++ 𝐵) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = ((𝐴 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝐿⟩) ++ (𝐵 prefix (𝑁 − 𝐿))))
Theorem	reuccatpfxs1lem 11320*	Lemma for reuccatpfxs1 11321. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 5-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 9-May-2020.)
⊢ (((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑈 ∈ 𝑋) ∧ ∀𝑠 ∈ 𝑉 ((𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑠”⟩) ∈ 𝑋 → 𝑆 = 𝑠) ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑥 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑥) = ((♯‘𝑊) + 1))) → (𝑊 = (𝑈 prefix (♯‘𝑊)) → 𝑈 = (𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑆”⟩)))
Theorem	reuccatpfxs1 11321*	There is a unique word having the length of a given word increased by 1 with the given word as prefix if there is a unique symbol which extends the given word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 6-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 21-Jan-2022.) (Revised by AV, 13-Oct-2022.)
⊢ Ⅎ𝑣𝑋    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑥 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑥) = ((♯‘𝑊) + 1))) → (∃!𝑣 ∈ 𝑉 (𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑣”⟩) ∈ 𝑋 → ∃!𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 𝑊 = (𝑥 prefix (♯‘𝑊))))
Theorem	reuccatpfxs1v 11322*	There is a unique word having the length of a given word increased by 1 with the given word as prefix if there is a unique symbol which extends the given word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 6-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 21-Jan-2022.) (Revised by AV, 10-May-2022.) (Proof shortened by AV, 13-Oct-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑥 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑥) = ((♯‘𝑊) + 1))) → (∃!𝑣 ∈ 𝑉 (𝑊 ++ ⟨“𝑣”⟩) ∈ 𝑋 → ∃!𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 𝑊 = (𝑥 prefix (♯‘𝑊))))
4.7.11  Longer string literals
Syntax	cs2 11323	Syntax for the length 2 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩
Syntax	cs3 11324	Syntax for the length 3 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩
Syntax	cs4 11325	Syntax for the length 4 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩
Syntax	cs5 11326	Syntax for the length 5 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩
Syntax	cs6 11327	Syntax for the length 6 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩
Syntax	cs7 11328	Syntax for the length 7 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩
Syntax	cs8 11329	Syntax for the length 8 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩
Definition	df-s2 11330	Define the length 2 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐵”⟩)
Definition	df-s3 11331	Define the length 3 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐶”⟩)
Definition	df-s4 11332	Define the length 4 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐷”⟩)
Definition	df-s5 11333	Define the length 5 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐸”⟩)
Definition	df-s6 11334	Define the length 6 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐹”⟩)
Definition	df-s7 11335	Define the length 7 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐺”⟩)
Definition	df-s8 11336	Define the length 8 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐻”⟩)
Theorem	cats1cld 11337	Closure of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ∈ Word 𝐴)
Theorem	cats1fvn 11338	The last symbol of a concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 ∈ Word V    &   ⊢ (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑇‘𝑀) = 𝑋)
Theorem	cats1fvnd 11339	The last symbol of a concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 20-Jan-2026.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑇‘𝑀) = 𝑋)
Theorem	cats1fvd 11340	A symbol other than the last in a concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 20-Jan-2026.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑆‘𝑁) = 𝑌)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 < 𝑀)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑇‘𝑁) = 𝑌)
Theorem	cats1lend 11341	The length of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 19-Jan-2026.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀    &   ⊢ (𝑀 + 1) = 𝑁    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝑇) = 𝑁)
Theorem	cats1catd 11342	Closure of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 19-Jan-2026.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = (𝐵 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = (𝐴 ++ 𝑆))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = (𝐴 ++ 𝑇))
Theorem	cats2catd 11343	Closure of concatenation of concatenations with singleton words. (Contributed by AV, 1-Mar-2021.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 19-Jan-2026.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Word V)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = (𝐵 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = (⟨“𝑌”⟩ ++ 𝐷))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ++ 𝐶) = ((𝐵 ++ ⟨“𝑋𝑌”⟩) ++ 𝐷))
Theorem	s2eqd 11344	Equality theorem for a doubleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂”⟩)
Theorem	s3eqd 11345	Equality theorem for a length 3 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃”⟩)
Theorem	s4eqd 11346	Equality theorem for a length 4 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄”⟩)
Theorem	s5eqd 11347	Equality theorem for a length 5 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅”⟩)
Theorem	s6eqd 11348	Equality theorem for a length 6 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = 𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆”⟩)
Theorem	s7eqd 11349	Equality theorem for a length 7 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = 𝑇)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆𝑇”⟩)
Theorem	s8eqd 11350	Equality theorem for a length 8 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 = 𝑈)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆𝑇𝑈”⟩)
Theorem	s3eq2 11351	Equality theorem for a length 3 word for the second symbol. (Contributed by AV, 4-Jan-2022.)
⊢ (𝐵 = 𝐷 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = ⟨“𝐴𝐷𝐶”⟩)
Theorem	s2cld 11352	A doubleton word is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s3cld 11353	A length 3 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s4cld 11354	A length 4 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s5cld 11355	A length 5 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s6cld 11356	A length 6 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s7cld 11357	A length 7 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s8cld 11358	A length 8 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s2cl 11359	A doubleton word is a word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋) → ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s3cl 11360	A length 3 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s2fv0g 11361	Extract the first symbol from a doubleton word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩‘0) = 𝐴)
Theorem	s2fv1g 11362	Extract the second symbol from a doubleton word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩‘1) = 𝐵)
Theorem	s2leng 11363	The length of a doubleton word. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 23-Aug-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (♯‘⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩) = 2)
Theorem	s2dmg 11364	The domain of a doubleton word is an unordered pair. (Contributed by AV, 9-Jan-2020.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → dom ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = {0, 1})
Theorem	s3fv0g 11365	Extract the first symbol from a length 3 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Jan-2017.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩‘0) = 𝐴)
Theorem	s3fv1g 11366	Extract the second symbol from a length 3 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Jan-2017.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩‘1) = 𝐵)
Theorem	s3fv2g 11367	Extract the third symbol from a length 3 string. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Jan-2017.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩‘2) = 𝐶)
4.8  Elementary real and complex functions
4.8.1  The "shift" operation
Syntax	cshi 11368	Extend class notation with function shifter.
class shift
Definition	df-shft 11369*	Define a function shifter. This operation offsets the value argument of a function (ordinarily on a subset of ℂ) and produces a new function on ℂ. See shftval 11379 for its value. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2005.)
⊢ shift = (𝑓 ∈ V, 𝑥 ∈ ℂ ↦ {⟨𝑦, 𝑧⟩ ∣ (𝑦 ∈ ℂ ∧ (𝑦 − 𝑥)𝑓𝑧)})
Theorem	shftlem 11370*	Two ways to write a shifted set (𝐵 + 𝐴). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Nov-2013.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ⊆ ℂ) → {𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∣ (𝑥 − 𝐴) ∈ 𝐵} = {𝑥 ∣ ∃𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 𝑥 = (𝑦 + 𝐴)})
Theorem	shftuz 11371*	A shift of the upper integers. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℤ) → {𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∣ (𝑥 − 𝐴) ∈ (ℤ≥‘𝐵)} = (ℤ≥‘(𝐵 + 𝐴)))
Theorem	shftfvalg 11372*	The value of the sequence shifter operation is a function on ℂ. 𝐴 is ordinarily an integer. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-Nov-2013.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐹 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝐹 shift 𝐴) = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ (𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ (𝑥 − 𝐴)𝐹𝑦)})
Theorem	ovshftex 11373	Existence of the result of applying shift. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Aug-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐹 shift 𝐴) ∈ V)
Theorem	shftfibg 11374	Value of a fiber of the relation 𝐹. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Aug-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift 𝐴) “ {𝐵}) = (𝐹 “ {(𝐵 − 𝐴)}))
Theorem	shftfval 11375*	The value of the sequence shifter operation is a function on ℂ. 𝐴 is ordinarily an integer. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (𝐹 shift 𝐴) = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ (𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∧ (𝑥 − 𝐴)𝐹𝑦)})
Theorem	shftdm 11376*	Domain of a relation shifted by 𝐴. The set on the right is more commonly notated as (dom 𝐹 + 𝐴) (meaning add 𝐴 to every element of dom 𝐹). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → dom (𝐹 shift 𝐴) = {𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∣ (𝑥 − 𝐴) ∈ dom 𝐹})
Theorem	shftfib 11377	Value of a fiber of the relation 𝐹. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 4-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift 𝐴) “ {𝐵}) = (𝐹 “ {(𝐵 − 𝐴)}))
Theorem	shftfn 11378*	Functionality and domain of a sequence shifted by 𝐴. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐹 Fn 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐹 shift 𝐴) Fn {𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∣ (𝑥 − 𝐴) ∈ 𝐵})
Theorem	shftval 11379	Value of a sequence shifted by 𝐴. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 4-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift 𝐴)‘𝐵) = (𝐹‘(𝐵 − 𝐴)))
Theorem	shftval2 11380	Value of a sequence shifted by 𝐴 − 𝐵. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift (𝐴 − 𝐵))‘(𝐴 + 𝐶)) = (𝐹‘(𝐵 + 𝐶)))
Theorem	shftval3 11381	Value of a sequence shifted by 𝐴 − 𝐵. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jul-2005.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift (𝐴 − 𝐵))‘𝐴) = (𝐹‘𝐵))
Theorem	shftval4 11382	Value of a sequence shifted by -𝐴. (Contributed by NM, 18-Aug-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift -𝐴)‘𝐵) = (𝐹‘(𝐴 + 𝐵)))
Theorem	shftval5 11383	Value of a shifted sequence. (Contributed by NM, 19-Aug-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift 𝐴)‘(𝐵 + 𝐴)) = (𝐹‘𝐵))
Theorem	shftf 11384*	Functionality of a shifted sequence. (Contributed by NM, 19-Aug-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐹:𝐵⟶𝐶 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) → (𝐹 shift 𝐴):{𝑥 ∈ ℂ ∣ (𝑥 − 𝐴) ∈ 𝐵}⟶𝐶)
Theorem	2shfti 11385	Composite shift operations. (Contributed by NM, 19-Aug-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift 𝐴) shift 𝐵) = (𝐹 shift (𝐴 + 𝐵)))
Theorem	shftidt2 11386	Identity law for the shift operation. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐹 shift 0) = (𝐹 ↾ ℂ)
Theorem	shftidt 11387	Identity law for the shift operation. (Contributed by NM, 19-Aug-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → ((𝐹 shift 0)‘𝐴) = (𝐹‘𝐴))
Theorem	shftcan1 11388	Cancellation law for the shift operation. (Contributed by NM, 4-Aug-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → (((𝐹 shift 𝐴) shift -𝐴)‘𝐵) = (𝐹‘𝐵))
Theorem	shftcan2 11389	Cancellation law for the shift operation. (Contributed by NM, 4-Aug-2005.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 5-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝐹 ∈ V    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → (((𝐹 shift -𝐴) shift 𝐴)‘𝐵) = (𝐹‘𝐵))
Theorem	shftvalg 11390	Value of a sequence shifted by 𝐴. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 16-Dec-2017.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift 𝐴)‘𝐵) = (𝐹‘(𝐵 − 𝐴)))
Theorem	shftval4g 11391	Value of a sequence shifted by -𝐴. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 19-Aug-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift -𝐴)‘𝐵) = (𝐹‘(𝐴 + 𝐵)))
Theorem	seq3shft 11392*	Shifting the index set of a sequence. (Contributed by NM, 17-Mar-2005.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 17-Oct-2022.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (ℤ≥‘(𝑀 − 𝑁))) → (𝐹‘𝑥) ∈ 𝑆)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑆)) → (𝑥 + 𝑦) ∈ 𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → seq𝑀( + , (𝐹 shift 𝑁)) = (seq(𝑀 − 𝑁)( + , 𝐹) shift 𝑁))
4.8.2  Real and imaginary parts; conjugate
Syntax	ccj 11393	Extend class notation to include complex conjugate function.
class ∗
Syntax	cre 11394	Extend class notation to include real part of a complex number.
class ℜ
Syntax	cim 11395	Extend class notation to include imaginary part of a complex number.
class ℑ
Definition	df-cj 11396*	Define the complex conjugate function. See cjcli 11467 for its closure and cjval 11399 for its value. (Contributed by NM, 9-May-1999.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-Nov-2013.)
⊢ ∗ = (𝑥 ∈ ℂ ↦ (℩𝑦 ∈ ℂ ((𝑥 + 𝑦) ∈ ℝ ∧ (i · (𝑥 − 𝑦)) ∈ ℝ)))
Definition	df-re 11397	Define a function whose value is the real part of a complex number. See reval 11403 for its value, recli 11465 for its closure, and replim 11413 for its use in decomposing a complex number. (Contributed by NM, 9-May-1999.)
⊢ ℜ = (𝑥 ∈ ℂ ↦ ((𝑥 + (∗‘𝑥)) / 2))
Definition	df-im 11398	Define a function whose value is the imaginary part of a complex number. See imval 11404 for its value, imcli 11466 for its closure, and replim 11413 for its use in decomposing a complex number. (Contributed by NM, 9-May-1999.)
⊢ ℑ = (𝑥 ∈ ℂ ↦ (ℜ‘(𝑥 / i)))
Theorem	cjval 11399*	The value of the conjugate of a complex number. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-Nov-2013.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (∗‘𝐴) = (℩𝑥 ∈ ℂ ((𝐴 + 𝑥) ∈ ℝ ∧ (i · (𝐴 − 𝑥)) ∈ ℝ)))
Theorem	cjth 11400	The defining property of the complex conjugate. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-Nov-2013.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → ((𝐴 + (∗‘𝐴)) ∈ ℝ ∧ (i · (𝐴 − (∗‘𝐴))) ∈ ℝ))