Theorem List for Intuitionistic Logic Explorer - 9201-9300   *Has distinct variable
 group(s)
| Type | Label | Description | 
| Statement | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 2rene0 9201 | 
2 is a nonzero real number (common case).  (Contributed by David A.
     Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (2 ∈ ℝ ∧ 2 ≠
 0) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 1le3 9202 | 
1 is less than or equal to 3.  (Contributed by David A. Wheeler,
     8-Dec-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ 1 ≤ 3 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | neg1mulneg1e1 9203 | 
-1 · -1 is 1 (common case).  (Contributed by
David A. Wheeler,
     8-Dec-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (-1 · -1) = 1 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfre 9204 | 
One-half is real.  (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (1 / 2) ∈ ℝ | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfcn 9205 | 
One-half is complex.  (Contributed by David A. Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (1 / 2) ∈ ℂ | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfgt0 9206 | 
One-half is greater than zero.  (Contributed by NM, 24-Feb-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ 0 < (1 / 2) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfge0 9207 | 
One-half is not negative.  (Contributed by AV, 7-Jun-2020.)
 | 
| ⊢ 0 ≤ (1 / 2) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halflt1 9208 | 
One-half is less than one.  (Contributed by NM, 24-Feb-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ (1 / 2) < 1 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 1mhlfehlf 9209 | 
Prove that 1 - 1/2 = 1/2.  (Contributed by David A. Wheeler,
     4-Jan-2017.)
 | 
| ⊢ (1 − (1 / 2)) = (1 /
 2) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 8th4div3 9210 | 
An eighth of four thirds is a sixth.  (Contributed by Paul Chapman,
     24-Nov-2007.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((1 / 8) · (4 / 3)) = (1 /
 6) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfpm6th 9211 | 
One half plus or minus one sixth.  (Contributed by Paul Chapman,
     17-Jan-2008.)
 | 
| ⊢ (((1 / 2) − (1 / 6)) = (1 / 3) ∧
 ((1 / 2) + (1 / 6)) = (2 / 3)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | it0e0 9212 | 
i times 0 equals 0 (common case).  (Contributed by David A. Wheeler,
     8-Dec-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (i · 0) = 0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 2mulicn 9213 | 
(2 · i) ∈ ℂ (common case). 
(Contributed by David A. Wheeler,
     8-Dec-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (2 · i) ∈
 ℂ | 
|   | 
| Theorem | iap0 9214 | 
The imaginary unit i is apart from zero.  (Contributed
by Jim
     Kingdon, 9-Mar-2020.)
 | 
| ⊢ i # 0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 2muliap0 9215 | 
2 · i is apart from zero.  (Contributed by Jim
Kingdon,
     9-Mar-2020.)
 | 
| ⊢ (2 · i) # 0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 2muline0 9216 | 
(2 · i) ≠ 0.  See also 2muliap0 9215.  (Contributed by David A.
     Wheeler, 8-Dec-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (2 · i) ≠ 0 | 
|   | 
| 4.4.5  Simple number properties
 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfcl 9217 | 
Closure of half of a number (common case).  (Contributed by NM,
     1-Jan-2006.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (𝐴 / 2) ∈ ℂ) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | rehalfcl 9218 | 
Real closure of half.  (Contributed by NM, 1-Jan-2006.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ → (𝐴 / 2) ∈ ℝ) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | half0 9219 | 
Half of a number is zero iff the number is zero.  (Contributed by NM,
     20-Apr-2006.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → ((𝐴 / 2) = 0 ↔ 𝐴 = 0)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 2halves 9220 | 
Two halves make a whole.  (Contributed by NM, 11-Apr-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → ((𝐴 / 2) + (𝐴 / 2)) = 𝐴) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfpos2 9221 | 
A number is positive iff its half is positive.  (Contributed by NM,
     10-Apr-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ → (0 < 𝐴 ↔ 0 < (𝐴 / 2))) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfpos 9222 | 
A positive number is greater than its half.  (Contributed by NM,
     28-Oct-2004.)  (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ → (0 < 𝐴 ↔ (𝐴 / 2) < 𝐴)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfnneg2 9223 | 
A number is nonnegative iff its half is nonnegative.  (Contributed by NM,
     9-Dec-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ → (0 ≤ 𝐴 ↔ 0 ≤ (𝐴 / 2))) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfaddsubcl 9224 | 
Closure of half-sum and half-difference.  (Contributed by Paul Chapman,
     12-Oct-2007.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → (((𝐴 + 𝐵) / 2) ∈ ℂ ∧ ((𝐴 − 𝐵) / 2) ∈ ℂ)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfaddsub 9225 | 
Sum and difference of half-sum and half-difference.  (Contributed by Paul
     Chapman, 12-Oct-2007.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((((𝐴 + 𝐵) / 2) + ((𝐴 − 𝐵) / 2)) = 𝐴 ∧ (((𝐴 + 𝐵) / 2) − ((𝐴 − 𝐵) / 2)) = 𝐵)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | subhalfhalf 9226 | 
Subtracting the half of a number from the number yields the half of the
     number.  (Contributed by AV, 28-Jun-2021.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (𝐴 − (𝐴 / 2)) = (𝐴 / 2)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | lt2halves 9227 | 
A sum is less than the whole if each term is less than half.  (Contributed
     by NM, 13-Dec-2006.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℝ) → ((𝐴 < (𝐶 / 2) ∧ 𝐵 < (𝐶 / 2)) → (𝐴 + 𝐵) < 𝐶)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | addltmul 9228 | 
Sum is less than product for numbers greater than 2.  (Contributed by
     Stefan Allan, 24-Sep-2010.)
 | 
| ⊢ (((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℝ) ∧ (2 < 𝐴 ∧ 2 < 𝐵)) → (𝐴 + 𝐵) < (𝐴 · 𝐵)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nominpos 9229* | 
There is no smallest positive real number.  (Contributed by NM,
       28-Oct-2004.)
 | 
| ⊢  ¬ ∃𝑥 ∈ ℝ (0 < 𝑥 ∧ ¬ ∃𝑦 ∈ ℝ (0 < 𝑦 ∧ 𝑦 < 𝑥)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | avglt1 9230 | 
Ordering property for average.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
     28-May-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐴 < 𝐵 ↔ 𝐴 < ((𝐴 + 𝐵) / 2))) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | avglt2 9231 | 
Ordering property for average.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
     28-May-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐴 < 𝐵 ↔ ((𝐴 + 𝐵) / 2) < 𝐵)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | avgle1 9232 | 
Ordering property for average.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
     28-May-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐴 ≤ 𝐵 ↔ 𝐴 ≤ ((𝐴 + 𝐵) / 2))) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | avgle2 9233 | 
Ordering property for average.  (Contributed by Jeff Hankins,
     15-Sep-2013.)  (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-May-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐴 ≤ 𝐵 ↔ ((𝐴 + 𝐵) / 2) ≤ 𝐵)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 2timesd 9234 | 
Two times a number.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ)   
 ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (2 · 𝐴) = (𝐴 + 𝐴)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | times2d 9235 | 
A number times 2.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ)   
 ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 · 2) = (𝐴 + 𝐴)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | halfcld 9236 | 
Closure of half of a number (frequently used special case).
       (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ)   
 ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 / 2) ∈ ℂ) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 2halvesd 9237 | 
Two halves make a whole.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
       27-May-2016.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ)   
 ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 / 2) + (𝐴 / 2)) = 𝐴) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | rehalfcld 9238 | 
Real closure of half.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ)   
 ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 / 2) ∈ ℝ) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | lt2halvesd 9239 | 
A sum is less than the whole if each term is less than half.
       (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 < (𝐶 / 2))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 < (𝐶 / 2))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 + 𝐵) < 𝐶) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | rehalfcli 9240 | 
Half a real number is real.  Inference form.  (Contributed by David
       Moews, 28-Feb-2017.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℝ   
 ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 / 2) ∈ ℝ | 
|   | 
| Theorem | add1p1 9241 | 
Adding two times 1 to a number.  (Contributed by AV, 22-Sep-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℂ → ((𝑁 + 1) + 1) = (𝑁 + 2)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | sub1m1 9242 | 
Subtracting two times 1 from a number.  (Contributed by AV,
     23-Oct-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℂ → ((𝑁 − 1) − 1) = (𝑁 − 2)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | cnm2m1cnm3 9243 | 
Subtracting 2 and afterwards 1 from a number results in the difference
     between the number and 3.  (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens,
     16-Sep-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → ((𝐴 − 2) − 1) = (𝐴 − 3)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | xp1d2m1eqxm1d2 9244 | 
A complex number increased by 1, then divided by 2, then decreased by 1
     equals the complex number decreased by 1 and then divided by 2.
     (Contributed by AV, 24-May-2020.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑋 ∈ ℂ → (((𝑋 + 1) / 2) − 1) = ((𝑋 − 1) / 2)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | div4p1lem1div2 9245 | 
An integer greater than 5, divided by 4 and increased by 1, is less than
     or equal to the half of the integer minus 1.  (Contributed by AV,
     8-Jul-2021.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℝ ∧ 6 ≤ 𝑁) → ((𝑁 / 4) + 1) ≤ ((𝑁 − 1) / 2)) | 
|   | 
| 4.4.6  The Archimedean property
 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | arch 9246* | 
Archimedean property of real numbers.  For any real number, there is an
       integer greater than it.  Theorem I.29 of [Apostol] p. 26.  (Contributed
       by NM, 21-Jan-1997.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ → ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ 𝐴 < 𝑛) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nnrecl 9247* | 
There exists a positive integer whose reciprocal is less than a given
       positive real.  Exercise 3 of [Apostol]
p. 28.  (Contributed by NM,
       8-Nov-2004.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 < 𝐴) → ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ (1 / 𝑛) < 𝐴) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | bndndx 9248* | 
A bounded real sequence 𝐴(𝑘) is less than or equal to at least
       one of its indices.  (Contributed by NM, 18-Jan-2008.)
 | 
| ⊢ (∃𝑥 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑘 ∈ ℕ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝐴 ≤ 𝑥) → ∃𝑘 ∈ ℕ 𝐴 ≤ 𝑘) | 
|   | 
| 4.4.7  Nonnegative integers (as a subset of
 complex numbers)
 | 
|   | 
| Syntax | cn0 9249 | 
Extend class notation to include the class of nonnegative integers.
 | 
| class ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Definition | df-n0 9250 | 
Define the set of nonnegative integers.  (Contributed by Raph Levien,
     10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ ℕ0 = (ℕ ∪
 {0}) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | elnn0 9251 | 
Nonnegative integers expressed in terms of naturals and zero.
     (Contributed by Raph Levien, 10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℕ0 ↔ (𝐴 ∈ ℕ ∨ 𝐴 = 0)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nnssnn0 9252 | 
Positive naturals are a subset of nonnegative integers.  (Contributed by
     Raph Levien, 10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ ℕ ⊆
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0ssre 9253 | 
Nonnegative integers are a subset of the reals.  (Contributed by Raph
     Levien, 10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ ℕ0 ⊆
 ℝ | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0sscn 9254 | 
Nonnegative integers are a subset of the complex numbers.)  (Contributed
     by NM, 9-May-2004.)
 | 
| ⊢ ℕ0 ⊆
 ℂ | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0ex 9255 | 
The set of nonnegative integers exists.  (Contributed by NM,
     18-Jul-2004.)
 | 
| ⊢ ℕ0 ∈
 V | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nnnn0 9256 | 
A positive integer is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by NM,
     9-May-2004.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℕ → 𝐴 ∈
 ℕ0) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nnnn0i 9257 | 
A positive integer is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by NM,
       20-Jun-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ   
 ⇒   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0re 9258 | 
A nonnegative integer is a real number.  (Contributed by NM,
     9-May-2004.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℕ0 → 𝐴 ∈
 ℝ) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0cn 9259 | 
A nonnegative integer is a complex number.  (Contributed by NM,
     9-May-2004.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℕ0 → 𝐴 ∈
 ℂ) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0rei 9260 | 
A nonnegative integer is a real number.  (Contributed by NM,
       14-May-2003.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝐴 ∈
 ℕ0    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℝ | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0cni 9261 | 
A nonnegative integer is a complex number.  (Contributed by NM,
       14-May-2003.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝐴 ∈
 ℕ0    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℂ | 
|   | 
| Theorem | dfn2 9262 | 
The set of positive integers defined in terms of nonnegative integers.
     (Contributed by NM, 23-Sep-2007.)  (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro,
     13-Feb-2013.)
 | 
| ⊢ ℕ = (ℕ0 ∖
 {0}) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | elnnne0 9263 | 
The positive integer property expressed in terms of difference from zero.
     (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 12-Sep-2015.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ ↔ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝑁 ≠ 0)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 0nn0 9264 | 
0 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by Raph Levien, 10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ 0 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 1nn0 9265 | 
1 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by Raph Levien, 10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ 1 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 2nn0 9266 | 
2 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by Raph Levien, 10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ 2 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 3nn0 9267 | 
3 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
     18-Feb-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ 3 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 4nn0 9268 | 
4 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
     18-Feb-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ 4 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 5nn0 9269 | 
5 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
     19-Apr-2015.)
 | 
| ⊢ 5 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 6nn0 9270 | 
6 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
     19-Apr-2015.)
 | 
| ⊢ 6 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 7nn0 9271 | 
7 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
     19-Apr-2015.)
 | 
| ⊢ 7 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 8nn0 9272 | 
8 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
     19-Apr-2015.)
 | 
| ⊢ 8 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 9nn0 9273 | 
9 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by Mario Carneiro,
     19-Apr-2015.)
 | 
| ⊢ 9 ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0ge0 9274 | 
A nonnegative integer is greater than or equal to zero.  (Contributed by
     NM, 9-May-2004.)  (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-May-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → 0 ≤
 𝑁) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0nlt0 9275 | 
A nonnegative integer is not less than zero.  (Contributed by NM,
     9-May-2004.)  (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-May-2016.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℕ0 → ¬
 𝐴 < 0) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0ge0i 9276 | 
Nonnegative integers are nonnegative.  (Contributed by Raph Levien,
       10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝑁 ∈
 ℕ0    ⇒   ⊢ 0 ≤ 𝑁 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0le0eq0 9277 | 
A nonnegative integer is less than or equal to zero iff it is equal to
     zero.  (Contributed by NM, 9-Dec-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝑁 ≤ 0 ↔ 𝑁 = 0)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0p1gt0 9278 | 
A nonnegative integer increased by 1 is greater than 0.  (Contributed by
     Alexander van der Vekens, 3-Oct-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → 0 <
 (𝑁 + 1)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nnnn0addcl 9279 | 
A positive integer plus a nonnegative integer is a positive integer.
     (Contributed by NM, 20-Apr-2005.)  (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro,
     16-May-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑀 + 𝑁) ∈ ℕ) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0nnaddcl 9280 | 
A nonnegative integer plus a positive integer is a positive integer.
     (Contributed by NM, 22-Dec-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ) → (𝑀 + 𝑁) ∈ ℕ) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | 0mnnnnn0 9281 | 
The result of subtracting a positive integer from 0 is not a nonnegative
     integer.  (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 19-Mar-2018.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ → (0 − 𝑁) ∉
 ℕ0) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | un0addcl 9282 | 
If 𝑆 is closed under addition, then so is
𝑆 ∪
{0}.
         (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 17-Jul-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ⊆ ℂ)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ∪ {0})    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑀 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ 𝑆)) → (𝑀 + 𝑁) ∈ 𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑀 ∈ 𝑇 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ 𝑇)) → (𝑀 + 𝑁) ∈ 𝑇) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | un0mulcl 9283 | 
If 𝑆 is closed under multiplication, then
so is 𝑆
∪ {0}.
       (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 17-Jul-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ⊆ ℂ)    &   ⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ∪ {0})    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑀 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ 𝑆)) → (𝑀 · 𝑁) ∈ 𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑀 ∈ 𝑇 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ 𝑇)) → (𝑀 · 𝑁) ∈ 𝑇) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0addcl 9284 | 
Closure of addition of nonnegative integers.  (Contributed by Raph Levien,
     10-Dec-2002.)  (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 17-Jul-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)
 → (𝑀 + 𝑁) ∈
 ℕ0) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0mulcl 9285 | 
Closure of multiplication of nonnegative integers.  (Contributed by NM,
     22-Jul-2004.)  (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 17-Jul-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)
 → (𝑀 · 𝑁) ∈
 ℕ0) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0addcli 9286 | 
Closure of addition of nonnegative integers, inference form.
       (Contributed by Raph Levien, 10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ0    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈
 ℕ0    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑀 + 𝑁) ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0mulcli 9287 | 
Closure of multiplication of nonnegative integers, inference form.
       (Contributed by Raph Levien, 10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ0    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈
 ℕ0    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑀 · 𝑁) ∈
 ℕ0 | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0p1nn 9288 | 
A nonnegative integer plus 1 is a positive integer.  (Contributed by Raph
     Levien, 30-Jun-2006.)  (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-May-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝑁 + 1) ∈
 ℕ) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | peano2nn0 9289 | 
Second Peano postulate for nonnegative integers.  (Contributed by NM,
     9-May-2004.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝑁 + 1) ∈
 ℕ0) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nnm1nn0 9290 | 
A positive integer minus 1 is a nonnegative integer.  (Contributed by
     Jason Orendorff, 24-Jan-2007.)  (Revised by Mario Carneiro,
     16-May-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ → (𝑁 − 1) ∈
 ℕ0) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | elnn0nn 9291 | 
The nonnegative integer property expressed in terms of positive integers.
     (Contributed by NM, 10-May-2004.)  (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro,
     16-May-2014.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ↔ (𝑁 ∈ ℂ ∧ (𝑁 + 1) ∈
 ℕ)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | elnnnn0 9292 | 
The positive integer property expressed in terms of nonnegative integers.
     (Contributed by NM, 10-May-2004.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ ↔ (𝑁 ∈ ℂ ∧ (𝑁 − 1) ∈
 ℕ0)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | elnnnn0b 9293 | 
The positive integer property expressed in terms of nonnegative integers.
     (Contributed by NM, 1-Sep-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ ↔ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 0 <
 𝑁)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | elnnnn0c 9294 | 
The positive integer property expressed in terms of nonnegative integers.
     (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-2006.)
 | 
| ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ ↔ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 1 ≤
 𝑁)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0addge1 9295 | 
A number is less than or equal to itself plus a nonnegative integer.
     (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → 𝐴 ≤ (𝐴 + 𝑁)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0addge2 9296 | 
A number is less than or equal to itself plus a nonnegative integer.
     (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → 𝐴 ≤ (𝑁 + 𝐴)) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0addge1i 9297 | 
A number is less than or equal to itself plus a nonnegative integer.
       (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℝ    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈
 ℕ0    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐴 ≤ (𝐴 + 𝑁) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0addge2i 9298 | 
A number is less than or equal to itself plus a nonnegative integer.
       (Contributed by NM, 10-Mar-2005.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℝ    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈
 ℕ0    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐴 ≤ (𝑁 + 𝐴) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0le2xi 9299 | 
A nonnegative integer is less than or equal to twice itself.
       (Contributed by Raph Levien, 10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝑁 ∈
 ℕ0    ⇒   ⊢ 𝑁 ≤ (2 · 𝑁) | 
|   | 
| Theorem | nn0lele2xi 9300 | 
'Less than or equal to' implies 'less than or equal to twice' for
       nonnegative integers.  (Contributed by Raph Levien, 10-Dec-2002.)
 | 
| ⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ0    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈
 ℕ0    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑁 ≤ 𝑀 → 𝑁 ≤ (2 · 𝑀)) |