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Type | Label | Description |
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Statement | ||
Theorem | tfrcllemssrecs 6201* | Lemma for tfrcl 6213. The union of functions acceptable for tfrcl 6213 is a subset of recs. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∪ 𝐴 ⊆ recs(𝐺)) | ||
Theorem | tfrcllemsucfn 6202* | We can extend an acceptable function by one element to produce a function. Lemma for tfrcl 6213. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 24-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑧 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑔 ∈ 𝐴) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑔 ∪ {〈𝑧, (𝐺‘𝑔)〉}):suc 𝑧⟶𝑆) | ||
Theorem | tfrcllemsucaccv 6203* | Lemma for tfrcl 6213. We can extend an acceptable function by one element to produce an acceptable function. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 24-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑧 ∈ 𝑌) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑔 ∈ 𝐴) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑔 ∪ {〈𝑧, (𝐺‘𝑔)〉}) ∈ 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | tfrcllembacc 6204* | Lemma for tfrcl 6213. Each element of 𝐵 is an acceptable function. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = {ℎ ∣ ∃𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ 𝑔 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ ℎ = (𝑔 ∪ {〈𝑧, (𝐺‘𝑔)〉}))} & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑤 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑔‘𝑤) = (𝐺‘(𝑔 ↾ 𝑤)))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | tfrcllembxssdm 6205* | Lemma for tfrcl 6213. The union of 𝐵 is defined on all elements of 𝑋. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = {ℎ ∣ ∃𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ 𝑔 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ ℎ = (𝑔 ∪ {〈𝑧, (𝐺‘𝑔)〉}))} & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑤 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑔‘𝑤) = (𝐺‘(𝑔 ↾ 𝑤)))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ⊆ dom ∪ 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | tfrcllembfn 6206* | Lemma for tfrcl 6213. The union of 𝐵 is a function defined on 𝑥. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = {ℎ ∣ ∃𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ 𝑔 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ ℎ = (𝑔 ∪ {〈𝑧, (𝐺‘𝑔)〉}))} & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑤 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑔‘𝑤) = (𝐺‘(𝑔 ↾ 𝑤)))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∪ 𝐵:𝐷⟶𝑆) | ||
Theorem | tfrcllembex 6207* | Lemma for tfrcl 6213. The set 𝐵 exists. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = {ℎ ∣ ∃𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ 𝑔 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ ℎ = (𝑔 ∪ {〈𝑧, (𝐺‘𝑔)〉}))} & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑤 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑔‘𝑤) = (𝐺‘(𝑔 ↾ 𝑤)))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ V) | ||
Theorem | tfrcllemubacc 6208* | Lemma for tfrcl 6213. The union of 𝐵 satisfies the recursion rule. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = {ℎ ∣ ∃𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ 𝑔 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ ℎ = (𝑔 ∪ {〈𝑧, (𝐺‘𝑔)〉}))} & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑤 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑔‘𝑤) = (𝐺‘(𝑔 ↾ 𝑤)))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝐷 (∪ 𝐵‘𝑢) = (𝐺‘(∪ 𝐵 ↾ 𝑢))) | ||
Theorem | tfrcllemex 6209* | Lemma for tfrcl 6213. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 26-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ 𝐵 = {ℎ ∣ ∃𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ 𝑔 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ ℎ = (𝑔 ∪ {〈𝑧, (𝐺‘𝑔)〉}))} & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐷 ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝑧⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑤 ∈ 𝑧 (𝑔‘𝑤) = (𝐺‘(𝑔 ↾ 𝑤)))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑓(𝑓:𝐷⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝐷 (𝑓‘𝑢) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑢)))) | ||
Theorem | tfrcllemaccex 6210* |
We can define an acceptable function on any element of 𝑋.
As with many of the transfinite recursion theorems, we have hypotheses that state that 𝐹 is a function and that it is defined up to 𝑋. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 26-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → ∃𝑔(𝑔:𝐶⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑢 ∈ 𝐶 (𝑔‘𝑢) = (𝐺‘(𝑔 ↾ 𝑢)))) | ||
Theorem | tfrcllemres 6211* | Lemma for tfr1on 6199. Recursion is defined on an ordinal if the characteristic function is defined up to a suitable point. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 18-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑥 (𝑓‘𝑦) = (𝐺‘(𝑓 ↾ 𝑦)))} & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝑋) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ⊆ dom 𝐹) | ||
Theorem | tfrcldm 6212* | Recursion is defined on an ordinal if the characteristic function satisfies a closure hypothesis up to a suitable point. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 26-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ dom 𝐹) | ||
Theorem | tfrcl 6213* | Closure for transfinite recursion. As with tfr1on 6199, the characteristic function must be defined up to a suitable point, not necessarily on all ordinals. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Fun 𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Ord 𝑋) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑓:𝑥⟶𝑆) → (𝐺‘𝑓) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) → suc 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ ∪ 𝑋) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹‘𝑌) ∈ 𝑆) | ||
Theorem | tfri1 6214* |
Principle of Transfinite Recursion, part 1 of 3. Theorem 7.41(1) of
[TakeutiZaring] p. 47, with an
additional condition.
The condition is that 𝐺 is defined "everywhere", which is stated here as (𝐺‘𝑥) ∈ V. Alternately, ∀𝑥 ∈ On∀𝑓(𝑓 Fn 𝑥 → 𝑓 ∈ dom 𝐺) would suffice. Given a function 𝐺 satisfying that condition, we define a class 𝐴 of all "acceptable" functions. The final function we're interested in is the union 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) of them. 𝐹 is then said to be defined by transfinite recursion. The purpose of the 3 parts of this theorem is to demonstrate properties of 𝐹. In this first part we show that 𝐹 is a function whose domain is all ordinal numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-May-2019.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 24-May-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (Fun 𝐺 ∧ (𝐺‘𝑥) ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ 𝐹 Fn On | ||
Theorem | tfri2 6215* | Principle of Transfinite Recursion, part 2 of 3. Theorem 7.41(2) of [TakeutiZaring] p. 47, with an additional condition on the recursion rule 𝐺 ( as described at tfri1 6214). Here we show that the function 𝐹 has the property that for any function 𝐺 satisfying that condition, the "next" value of 𝐹 is 𝐺 recursively applied to all "previous" values of 𝐹. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-May-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (Fun 𝐺 ∧ (𝐺‘𝑥) ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ On → (𝐹‘𝐴) = (𝐺‘(𝐹 ↾ 𝐴))) | ||
Theorem | tfri3 6216* | Principle of Transfinite Recursion, part 3 of 3. Theorem 7.41(3) of [TakeutiZaring] p. 47, with an additional condition on the recursion rule 𝐺 ( as described at tfri1 6214). Finally, we show that 𝐹 is unique. We do this by showing that any class 𝐵 with the same properties of 𝐹 that we showed in parts 1 and 2 is identical to 𝐹. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-May-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (Fun 𝐺 ∧ (𝐺‘𝑥) ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐵 Fn On ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ On (𝐵‘𝑥) = (𝐺‘(𝐵 ↾ 𝑥))) → 𝐵 = 𝐹) | ||
Theorem | tfrex 6217* | The transfinite recursion function is set-like if the input is. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = recs(𝐺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑥(Fun 𝐺 ∧ (𝐺‘𝑥) ∈ V)) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝐹‘𝐴) ∈ V) | ||
Syntax | crdg 6218 | Extend class notation with the recursive definition generator, with characteristic function 𝐹 and initial value 𝐼. |
class rec(𝐹, 𝐼) | ||
Definition | df-irdg 6219* |
Define a recursive definition generator on On (the
class of ordinal
numbers) with characteristic function 𝐹 and initial value 𝐼.
This rather amazing operation allows us to define, with compact direct
definitions, functions that are usually defined in textbooks only with
indirect self-referencing recursive definitions. A recursive definition
requires advanced metalogic to justify - in particular, eliminating a
recursive definition is very difficult and often not even shown in
textbooks. On the other hand, the elimination of a direct definition is
a matter of simple mechanical substitution. The price paid is the
daunting complexity of our rec operation
(especially when df-recs 6154
that it is built on is also eliminated). But once we get past this
hurdle, definitions that would otherwise be recursive become relatively
simple. In classical logic it would be easier to divide this definition
into cases based on whether the domain of 𝑔 is zero, a successor, or
a limit ordinal. Cases do not (in general) work that way in
intuitionistic logic, so instead we choose a definition which takes the
union of all the results of the characteristic function for ordinals in
the domain of 𝑔. This means that this definition has
the expected
properties for increasing and continuous ordinal functions, which
include ordinal addition and multiplication.
For finite recursion we also define df-frec 6240 and for suitable characteristic functions df-frec 6240 yields the same result as rec restricted to ω, as seen at frecrdg 6257. Note: We introduce rec with the philosophical goal of being able to eliminate all definitions with direct mechanical substitution and to verify easily the soundness of definitions. Metamath itself has no built-in technical limitation that prevents multiple-part recursive definitions in the traditional textbook style. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 19-May-2019.) |
⊢ rec(𝐹, 𝐼) = recs((𝑔 ∈ V ↦ (𝐼 ∪ ∪ 𝑥 ∈ dom 𝑔(𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑥))))) | ||
Theorem | rdgeq1 6220 | Equality theorem for the recursive definition generator. (Contributed by NM, 9-Apr-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 9-May-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐹 = 𝐺 → rec(𝐹, 𝐴) = rec(𝐺, 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | rdgeq2 6221 | Equality theorem for the recursive definition generator. (Contributed by NM, 9-Apr-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 9-May-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐴 = 𝐵 → rec(𝐹, 𝐴) = rec(𝐹, 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | rdgfun 6222 | The recursive definition generator is a function. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2014.) |
⊢ Fun rec(𝐹, 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | rdgtfr 6223* | The recursion rule for the recursive definition generator is defined everywhere. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 14-May-2020.) |
⊢ ((∀𝑧(𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ V ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) → (Fun (𝑔 ∈ V ↦ (𝐴 ∪ ∪ 𝑥 ∈ dom 𝑔(𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑥)))) ∧ ((𝑔 ∈ V ↦ (𝐴 ∪ ∪ 𝑥 ∈ dom 𝑔(𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑥))))‘𝑓) ∈ V)) | ||
Theorem | rdgruledefgg 6224* | The recursion rule for the recursive definition generator is defined everywhere. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ ((𝐹 Fn V ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) → (Fun (𝑔 ∈ V ↦ (𝐴 ∪ ∪ 𝑥 ∈ dom 𝑔(𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑥)))) ∧ ((𝑔 ∈ V ↦ (𝐴 ∪ ∪ 𝑥 ∈ dom 𝑔(𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑥))))‘𝑓) ∈ V)) | ||
Theorem | rdgruledefg 6225* | The recursion rule for the recursive definition generator is defined everywhere. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐹 Fn V ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → (Fun (𝑔 ∈ V ↦ (𝐴 ∪ ∪ 𝑥 ∈ dom 𝑔(𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑥)))) ∧ ((𝑔 ∈ V ↦ (𝐴 ∪ ∪ 𝑥 ∈ dom 𝑔(𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑥))))‘𝑓) ∈ V)) | ||
Theorem | rdgexggg 6226 | The recursive definition generator produces a set on a set input. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ ((𝐹 Fn V ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵) ∈ V) | ||
Theorem | rdgexgg 6227 | The recursive definition generator produces a set on a set input. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 4-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐹 Fn V ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵) ∈ V) | ||
Theorem | rdgifnon 6228 | The recursive definition generator is a function on ordinal numbers. The 𝐹 Fn V condition states that the characteristic function is defined for all sets (being defined for all ordinals might be enough if being used in a manner similar to rdgon 6235; in cases like df-oadd 6269 either presumably could work). (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 13-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ ((𝐹 Fn V ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) → rec(𝐹, 𝐴) Fn On) | ||
Theorem | rdgifnon2 6229* | The recursive definition generator is a function on ordinal numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 14-May-2020.) |
⊢ ((∀𝑧(𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ V ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) → rec(𝐹, 𝐴) Fn On) | ||
Theorem | rdgivallem 6230* | Value of the recursive definition generator. Lemma for rdgival 6231 which simplifies the value further. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 13-Jul-2019.) (New usage is discouraged.) |
⊢ ((𝐹 Fn V ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ On) → (rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵) = (𝐴 ∪ ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐹‘((rec(𝐹, 𝐴) ↾ 𝐵)‘𝑥)))) | ||
Theorem | rdgival 6231* | Value of the recursive definition generator. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 26-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ ((𝐹 Fn V ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ On) → (rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵) = (𝐴 ∪ ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐹‘(rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝑥)))) | ||
Theorem | rdgss 6232 | Subset and recursive definition generator. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 Fn V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐼 ∈ 𝑉) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ On) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ On) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (rec(𝐹, 𝐼)‘𝐴) ⊆ (rec(𝐹, 𝐼)‘𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | rdgisuc1 6233* |
One way of describing the value of the recursive definition generator at
a successor. There is no condition on the characteristic function 𝐹
other than 𝐹 Fn V. Given that, the resulting
expression
encompasses both the expected successor term
(𝐹‘(rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵)) but also terms that correspond to
the initial value 𝐴 and to limit ordinals
∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵(𝐹‘(rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝑥)).
If we add conditions on the characteristic function, we can show tighter results such as rdgisucinc 6234. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 9-Jun-2019.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 Fn V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ On) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘suc 𝐵) = (𝐴 ∪ (∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐹‘(rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝑥)) ∪ (𝐹‘(rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵))))) | ||
Theorem | rdgisucinc 6234* |
Value of the recursive definition generator at a successor.
This can be thought of as a generalization of oasuc 6312 and omsuc 6320. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 29-Aug-2019.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 Fn V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ On) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑥 𝑥 ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑥)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘suc 𝐵) = (𝐹‘(rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵))) | ||
Theorem | rdgon 6235* | Evaluating the recursive definition generator produces an ordinal. There is a hypothesis that the characteristic function produces ordinals on ordinal arguments. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 26-Jul-2019.) (Revised by Jim Kingdon, 13-Apr-2022.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ On) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑥 ∈ On (𝐹‘𝑥) ∈ On) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ On) → (rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵) ∈ On) | ||
Theorem | rdg0 6236 | The initial value of the recursive definition generator. (Contributed by NM, 23-Apr-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 14-Nov-2014.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V ⇒ ⊢ (rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘∅) = 𝐴 | ||
Theorem | rdg0g 6237 | The initial value of the recursive definition generator. (Contributed by NM, 25-Apr-1995.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝐶 → (rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘∅) = 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | rdgexg 6238 | The recursive definition generator produces a set on a set input. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V & ⊢ 𝐹 Fn V ⇒ ⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (rec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵) ∈ V) | ||
Syntax | cfrec 6239 | Extend class notation with the finite recursive definition generator, with characteristic function 𝐹 and initial value 𝐼. |
class frec(𝐹, 𝐼) | ||
Definition | df-frec 6240* |
Define a recursive definition generator on ω (the
class of finite
ordinals) with characteristic function 𝐹 and initial value 𝐼.
This rather amazing operation allows us to define, with compact direct
definitions, functions that are usually defined in textbooks only with
indirect self-referencing recursive definitions. A recursive definition
requires advanced metalogic to justify - in particular, eliminating a
recursive definition is very difficult and often not even shown in
textbooks. On the other hand, the elimination of a direct definition is
a matter of simple mechanical substitution. The price paid is the
daunting complexity of our frec operation
(especially when df-recs 6154
that it is built on is also eliminated). But once we get past this
hurdle, definitions that would otherwise be recursive become relatively
simple; see frec0g 6246 and frecsuc 6256.
Unlike with transfinite recursion, finite recurson can readily divide definitions and proofs into zero and successor cases, because even without excluded middle we have theorems such as nn0suc 4476. The analogous situation with transfinite recursion - being able to say that an ordinal is zero, successor, or limit - is enabled by excluded middle and thus is not available to us. For the characteristic functions which satisfy the conditions given at frecrdg 6257, this definition and df-irdg 6219 restricted to ω produce the same result. Note: We introduce frec with the philosophical goal of being able to eliminate all definitions with direct mechanical substitution and to verify easily the soundness of definitions. Metamath itself has no built-in technical limitation that prevents multiple-part recursive definitions in the traditional textbook style. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro and Jim Kingdon, 10-Aug-2019.) |
⊢ frec(𝐹, 𝐼) = (recs((𝑔 ∈ V ↦ {𝑥 ∣ (∃𝑚 ∈ ω (dom 𝑔 = suc 𝑚 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑚))) ∨ (dom 𝑔 = ∅ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐼))})) ↾ ω) | ||
Theorem | freceq1 6241 | Equality theorem for the finite recursive definition generator. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 30-May-2020.) |
⊢ (𝐹 = 𝐺 → frec(𝐹, 𝐴) = frec(𝐺, 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | freceq2 6242 | Equality theorem for the finite recursive definition generator. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 30-May-2020.) |
⊢ (𝐴 = 𝐵 → frec(𝐹, 𝐴) = frec(𝐹, 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | frecex 6243 | Finite recursion produces a set. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 20-Aug-2021.) |
⊢ frec(𝐹, 𝐴) ∈ V | ||
Theorem | frecfun 6244 | Finite recursion produces a function. See also frecfnom 6250 which also states that the domain of that function is ω but which puts conditions on 𝐴 and 𝐹. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 13-Feb-2022.) |
⊢ Fun frec(𝐹, 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | nffrec 6245 | Bound-variable hypothesis builder for the finite recursive definition generator. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 30-May-2020.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝐹 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝐴 ⇒ ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥frec(𝐹, 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | frec0g 6246 | The initial value resulting from finite recursive definition generation. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 7-May-2020.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → (frec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘∅) = 𝐴) | ||
Theorem | frecabex 6247* | The class abstraction from df-frec 6240 exists. This is a lemma for other finite recursion proofs. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 13-May-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ 𝑉) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑦(𝐹‘𝑦) ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → {𝑥 ∣ (∃𝑚 ∈ ω (dom 𝑆 = suc 𝑚 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (𝐹‘(𝑆‘𝑚))) ∨ (dom 𝑆 = ∅ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴))} ∈ V) | ||
Theorem | frecabcl 6248* | The class abstraction from df-frec 6240 exists. Unlike frecabex 6247 the function 𝐹 only needs to be defined on 𝑆, not all sets. This is a lemma for other finite recursion proofs. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 21-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ω) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺:𝑁⟶𝑆) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑆 (𝐹‘𝑦) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑆) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → {𝑥 ∣ (∃𝑚 ∈ ω (dom 𝐺 = suc 𝑚 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (𝐹‘(𝐺‘𝑚))) ∨ (dom 𝐺 = ∅ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴))} ∈ 𝑆) | ||
Theorem | frectfr 6249* |
Lemma to connect transfinite recursion theorems with finite recursion.
That is, given the conditions 𝐹 Fn V and 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 on
frec(𝐹, 𝐴), we want to be able to apply tfri1d 6184 or tfri2d 6185,
and this lemma lets us satisfy hypotheses of those theorems.
(Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 15-Aug-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑔 ∈ V ↦ {𝑥 ∣ (∃𝑚 ∈ ω (dom 𝑔 = suc 𝑚 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑚))) ∨ (dom 𝑔 = ∅ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴))}) ⇒ ⊢ ((∀𝑧(𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ V ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) → ∀𝑦(Fun 𝐺 ∧ (𝐺‘𝑦) ∈ V)) | ||
Theorem | frecfnom 6250* | The function generated by finite recursive definition generation is a function on omega. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 13-May-2020.) |
⊢ ((∀𝑧(𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ V ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) → frec(𝐹, 𝐴) Fn ω) | ||
Theorem | freccllem 6251* | Lemma for freccl 6252. Just giving a name to a common expression to simplify the proof. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 27-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝑆) → (𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ω) & ⊢ 𝐺 = recs((𝑔 ∈ V ↦ {𝑥 ∣ (∃𝑚 ∈ ω (dom 𝑔 = suc 𝑚 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑚))) ∨ (dom 𝑔 = ∅ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴))})) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (frec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵) ∈ 𝑆) | ||
Theorem | freccl 6252* | Closure for finite recursion. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 27-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑧 ∈ 𝑆) → (𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ 𝑆) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ω) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (frec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵) ∈ 𝑆) | ||
Theorem | frecfcllem 6253* | Lemma for frecfcl 6254. Just giving a name to a common expression to simplify the proof. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 30-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐺 = recs((𝑔 ∈ V ↦ {𝑥 ∣ (∃𝑚 ∈ ω (dom 𝑔 = suc 𝑚 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑚))) ∨ (dom 𝑔 = ∅ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴))})) ⇒ ⊢ ((∀𝑧 ∈ 𝑆 (𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑆) → frec(𝐹, 𝐴):ω⟶𝑆) | ||
Theorem | frecfcl 6254* | Finite recursion yields a function on the natural numbers. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 30-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ ((∀𝑧 ∈ 𝑆 (𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑆) → frec(𝐹, 𝐴):ω⟶𝑆) | ||
Theorem | frecsuclem 6255* | Lemma for frecsuc 6256. Just giving a name to a common expression to simplify the proof. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 29-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ 𝐺 = (𝑔 ∈ V ↦ {𝑥 ∣ (∃𝑚 ∈ ω (dom 𝑔 = suc 𝑚 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ (𝐹‘(𝑔‘𝑚))) ∨ (dom 𝑔 = ∅ ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴))}) ⇒ ⊢ ((∀𝑧 ∈ 𝑆 (𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (frec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘suc 𝐵) = (𝐹‘(frec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵))) | ||
Theorem | frecsuc 6256* | The successor value resulting from finite recursive definition generation. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Mar-2022.) |
⊢ ((∀𝑧 ∈ 𝑆 (𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑆 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ω) → (frec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘suc 𝐵) = (𝐹‘(frec(𝐹, 𝐴)‘𝐵))) | ||
Theorem | frecrdg 6257* |
Transfinite recursion restricted to omega.
Given a suitable characteristic function, df-frec 6240 produces the same results as df-irdg 6219 restricted to ω. Presumably the theorem would also hold if 𝐹 Fn V were changed to ∀𝑧(𝐹‘𝑧) ∈ V. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 29-Aug-2019.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 Fn V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑥 𝑥 ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑥)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → frec(𝐹, 𝐴) = (rec(𝐹, 𝐴) ↾ ω)) | ||
Syntax | c1o 6258 | Extend the definition of a class to include the ordinal number 1. |
class 1o | ||
Syntax | c2o 6259 | Extend the definition of a class to include the ordinal number 2. |
class 2o | ||
Syntax | c3o 6260 | Extend the definition of a class to include the ordinal number 3. |
class 3o | ||
Syntax | c4o 6261 | Extend the definition of a class to include the ordinal number 4. |
class 4o | ||
Syntax | coa 6262 | Extend the definition of a class to include the ordinal addition operation. |
class +o | ||
Syntax | comu 6263 | Extend the definition of a class to include the ordinal multiplication operation. |
class ·o | ||
Syntax | coei 6264 | Extend the definition of a class to include the ordinal exponentiation operation. |
class ↑o | ||
Definition | df-1o 6265 | Define the ordinal number 1. (Contributed by NM, 29-Oct-1995.) |
⊢ 1o = suc ∅ | ||
Definition | df-2o 6266 | Define the ordinal number 2. (Contributed by NM, 18-Feb-2004.) |
⊢ 2o = suc 1o | ||
Definition | df-3o 6267 | Define the ordinal number 3. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Jul-2013.) |
⊢ 3o = suc 2o | ||
Definition | df-4o 6268 | Define the ordinal number 4. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Jul-2013.) |
⊢ 4o = suc 3o | ||
Definition | df-oadd 6269* | Define the ordinal addition operation. (Contributed by NM, 3-May-1995.) |
⊢ +o = (𝑥 ∈ On, 𝑦 ∈ On ↦ (rec((𝑧 ∈ V ↦ suc 𝑧), 𝑥)‘𝑦)) | ||
Definition | df-omul 6270* | Define the ordinal multiplication operation. (Contributed by NM, 26-Aug-1995.) |
⊢ ·o = (𝑥 ∈ On, 𝑦 ∈ On ↦ (rec((𝑧 ∈ V ↦ (𝑧 +o 𝑥)), ∅)‘𝑦)) | ||
Definition | df-oexpi 6271* |
Define the ordinal exponentiation operation.
This definition is similar to a conventional definition of exponentiation except that it defines ∅ ↑o 𝐴 to be 1o for all 𝐴 ∈ On, in order to avoid having different cases for whether the base is ∅ or not. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 4-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ ↑o = (𝑥 ∈ On, 𝑦 ∈ On ↦ (rec((𝑧 ∈ V ↦ (𝑧 ·o 𝑥)), 1o)‘𝑦)) | ||
Theorem | 1on 6272 | Ordinal 1 is an ordinal number. (Contributed by NM, 29-Oct-1995.) |
⊢ 1o ∈ On | ||
Theorem | 1oex 6273 | Ordinal 1 is a set. (Contributed by BJ, 4-Jul-2022.) |
⊢ 1o ∈ V | ||
Theorem | 2on 6274 | Ordinal 2 is an ordinal number. (Contributed by NM, 18-Feb-2004.) (Proof shortened by Andrew Salmon, 12-Aug-2011.) |
⊢ 2o ∈ On | ||
Theorem | 2on0 6275 | Ordinal two is not zero. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 17-Jun-2011.) |
⊢ 2o ≠ ∅ | ||
Theorem | 3on 6276 | Ordinal 3 is an ordinal number. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 5-Jan-2016.) |
⊢ 3o ∈ On | ||
Theorem | 4on 6277 | Ordinal 3 is an ordinal number. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 5-Jan-2016.) |
⊢ 4o ∈ On | ||
Theorem | df1o2 6278 | Expanded value of the ordinal number 1. (Contributed by NM, 4-Nov-2002.) |
⊢ 1o = {∅} | ||
Theorem | df2o3 6279 | Expanded value of the ordinal number 2. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Aug-2015.) |
⊢ 2o = {∅, 1o} | ||
Theorem | df2o2 6280 | Expanded value of the ordinal number 2. (Contributed by NM, 29-Jan-2004.) |
⊢ 2o = {∅, {∅}} | ||
Theorem | 1n0 6281 | Ordinal one is not equal to ordinal zero. (Contributed by NM, 26-Dec-2004.) |
⊢ 1o ≠ ∅ | ||
Theorem | xp01disj 6282 | Cartesian products with the singletons of ordinals 0 and 1 are disjoint. (Contributed by NM, 2-Jun-2007.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 × {∅}) ∩ (𝐶 × {1o})) = ∅ | ||
Theorem | xp01disjl 6283 | Cartesian products with the singletons of ordinals 0 and 1 are disjoint. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 11-Jul-2023.) |
⊢ (({∅} × 𝐴) ∩ ({1o} × 𝐶)) = ∅ | ||
Theorem | ordgt0ge1 6284 | Two ways to express that an ordinal class is positive. (Contributed by NM, 21-Dec-2004.) |
⊢ (Ord 𝐴 → (∅ ∈ 𝐴 ↔ 1o ⊆ 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | ordge1n0im 6285 | An ordinal greater than or equal to 1 is nonzero. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 26-Jun-2019.) |
⊢ (Ord 𝐴 → (1o ⊆ 𝐴 → 𝐴 ≠ ∅)) | ||
Theorem | el1o 6286 | Membership in ordinal one. (Contributed by NM, 5-Jan-2005.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 1o ↔ 𝐴 = ∅) | ||
Theorem | dif1o 6287 | Two ways to say that 𝐴 is a nonzero number of the set 𝐵. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 21-May-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ (𝐵 ∖ 1o) ↔ (𝐴 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ≠ ∅)) | ||
Theorem | 2oconcl 6288 | Closure of the pair swapping function on 2o. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Sep-2015.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 2o → (1o ∖ 𝐴) ∈ 2o) | ||
Theorem | 0lt1o 6289 | Ordinal zero is less than ordinal one. (Contributed by NM, 5-Jan-2005.) |
⊢ ∅ ∈ 1o | ||
Theorem | 0lt2o 6290 | Ordinal zero is less than ordinal two. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Jul-2022.) |
⊢ ∅ ∈ 2o | ||
Theorem | 1lt2o 6291 | Ordinal one is less than ordinal two. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 31-Jul-2022.) |
⊢ 1o ∈ 2o | ||
Theorem | oafnex 6292 | The characteristic function for ordinal addition is defined everywhere. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 27-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ (𝑥 ∈ V ↦ suc 𝑥) Fn V | ||
Theorem | sucinc 6293* | Successor is increasing. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 25-Jun-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑧 ∈ V ↦ suc 𝑧) ⇒ ⊢ ∀𝑥 𝑥 ⊆ (𝐹‘𝑥) | ||
Theorem | sucinc2 6294* | Successor is increasing. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 14-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑧 ∈ V ↦ suc 𝑧) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐵 ∈ On ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝐹‘𝐴) ⊆ (𝐹‘𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | fnoa 6295 | Functionality and domain of ordinal addition. (Contributed by NM, 26-Aug-1995.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 3-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ +o Fn (On × On) | ||
Theorem | oaexg 6296 | Ordinal addition is a set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (𝐴 +o 𝐵) ∈ V) | ||
Theorem | omfnex 6297* | The characteristic function for ordinal multiplication is defined everywhere. (Contributed by Jim Kingdon, 23-Aug-2019.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑥 ∈ V ↦ (𝑥 +o 𝐴)) Fn V) | ||
Theorem | fnom 6298 | Functionality and domain of ordinal multiplication. (Contributed by NM, 26-Aug-1995.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ ·o Fn (On × On) | ||
Theorem | omexg 6299 | Ordinal multiplication is a set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑊) → (𝐴 ·o 𝐵) ∈ V) | ||
Theorem | fnoei 6300 | Functionality and domain of ordinal exponentiation. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 29-May-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-Jul-2019.) |
⊢ ↑o Fn (On × On) |
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