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| Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > bpos | Structured version Visualization version GIF version | ||
| Description: Bertrand's postulate: there is a prime between 𝑁 and 2𝑁 for every positive integer 𝑁. This proof follows Erdős's method, for the most part, but with some refinements due to Shigenori Tochiori to save us some calculations of large primes. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_Bertrand%27s_postulate for an overview of the proof strategy. This is Metamath 100 proof #98. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Mar-2014.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| bpos | ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ → ∃𝑝 ∈ ℙ (𝑁 < 𝑝 ∧ 𝑝 ≤ (2 · 𝑁))) |
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bpos1 27611 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝑁 ≤ ;64) → ∃𝑝 ∈ ℙ (𝑁 < 𝑝 ∧ 𝑝 ≤ (2 · 𝑁))) | |
| 2 | eqid 2760 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((((√‘2) · ((𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ↦ ((log‘𝑥) / 𝑥))‘(√‘𝑛))) + ((9 / 4) · ((𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ↦ ((log‘𝑥) / 𝑥))‘(𝑛 / 2)))) + ((log‘2) / (√‘(2 · 𝑛))))) = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((((√‘2) · ((𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ↦ ((log‘𝑥) / 𝑥))‘(√‘𝑛))) + ((9 / 4) · ((𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ↦ ((log‘𝑥) / 𝑥))‘(𝑛 / 2)))) + ((log‘2) / (√‘(2 · 𝑛))))) | |
| 3 | eqid 2760 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ↦ ((log‘𝑥) / 𝑥)) = (𝑥 ∈ ℝ+ ↦ ((log‘𝑥) / 𝑥)) | |
| 4 | simpll 779 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ ∧ ;64 < 𝑁) ∧ ¬ ∃𝑝 ∈ ℙ (𝑁 < 𝑝 ∧ 𝑝 ≤ (2 · 𝑁))) → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ) | |
| 5 | simplr 781 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ ∧ ;64 < 𝑁) ∧ ¬ ∃𝑝 ∈ ℙ (𝑁 < 𝑝 ∧ 𝑝 ≤ (2 · 𝑁))) → ;64 < 𝑁) | |
| 6 | simpr 490 | . . . 4 ⊢ (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ ∧ ;64 < 𝑁) ∧ ¬ ∃𝑝 ∈ ℙ (𝑁 < 𝑝 ∧ 𝑝 ≤ (2 · 𝑁))) → ¬ ∃𝑝 ∈ ℙ (𝑁 < 𝑝 ∧ 𝑝 ≤ (2 · 𝑁))) | |
| 7 | 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 | bposlem9 27620 | . . 3 ⊢ (((𝑁 ∈ ℕ ∧ ;64 < 𝑁) ∧ ¬ ∃𝑝 ∈ ℙ (𝑁 < 𝑝 ∧ 𝑝 ≤ (2 · 𝑁))) → ∃𝑝 ∈ ℙ (𝑁 < 𝑝 ∧ 𝑝 ≤ (2 · 𝑁))) |
| 8 | 7 | pm2.18da 812 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ ∧ ;64 < 𝑁) → ∃𝑝 ∈ ℙ (𝑁 < 𝑝 ∧ 𝑝 ≤ (2 · 𝑁))) |
| 9 | nnre 12343 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ → 𝑁 ∈ ℝ) | |
| 10 | 6nn0 12628 | . . . . 5 ⊢ 6 ∈ ℕ0 | |
| 11 | 4nn0 12626 | . . . . 5 ⊢ 4 ∈ ℕ0 | |
| 12 | 10, 11 | deccl 12830 | . . . 4 ⊢ ;64 ∈ ℕ0 |
| 13 | 12 | nn0rei 12618 | . . 3 ⊢ ;64 ∈ ℝ |
| 14 | lelttric 11418 | . . 3 ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℝ ∧ ;64 ∈ ℝ) → (𝑁 ≤ ;64 ∨ ;64 < 𝑁)) | |
| 15 | 9, 13, 14 | sylancl 598 | . 2 ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ → (𝑁 ≤ ;64 ∨ ;64 < 𝑁)) |
| 16 | 1, 8, 15 | mpjaodan 973 | 1 ⊢ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ → ∃𝑝 ∈ ℙ (𝑁 < 𝑝 ∧ 𝑝 ≤ (2 · 𝑁))) |
| Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
| This proof depends on syntax axioms: ¬ wn 3 → wi 4 ∧ wa 401 ∨ wo 861 ∈ wcel 2144 ∃wrex 3086 class class class wbr 5102 ↦ cmpt 5185 ‘cfv 6538 (class class class)co 7420 ℝcr 11200 + caddc 11204 · cmul 11206 < clt 11344 ≤ cle 11345 / cdiv 11974 ℕcn 12336 2c2 12398 4c4 12400 6c6 12402 9c9 12405 ;cdc 12815 ℝ+crp 13121 √csqrt 15401 ℙcprime 16847 logclog 26883 |
| This proof depends on axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1827 ax-4 1841 ax-5 1942 ax-6 1999 ax-7 2040 ax-8 2146 ax-9 2154 ax-10 2177 ax-11 2193 ax-12 2212 ax-ext 2732 ax-rep 5231 ax-sep 5248 ax-nul 5259 ax-pow 5326 ax-pr 5390 ax-un 7751 ax-inf2 9643 ax-cnex 11257 ax-resscn 11258 ax-1cn 11259 ax-icn 11260 ax-addcl 11261 ax-addrcl 11262 ax-mulcl 11263 ax-mulrcl 11264 ax-mulcom 11265 ax-addass 11266 ax-mulass 11267 ax-distr 11268 ax-i2m1 11269 ax-1ne0 11270 ax-1rid 11271 ax-rnegex 11272 ax-rrecex 11273 ax-cnre 11274 ax-pre-lttri 11275 ax-pre-lttrn 11276 ax-pre-ltadd 11277 ax-pre-mulgt0 11278 ax-pre-sup 11279 ax-addf 11280 |
| This proof depends on definitions: df-bi 210 df-an 402 df-or 862 df-3or 1104 df-3an 1105 df-tru 1572 df-fal 1582 df-ex 1812 df-nf 1816 df-sb 2099 df-mo 2564 df-eu 2594 df-clab 2739 df-cleq 2752 df-clel 2835 df-nfc 2909 df-ne 2956 df-nel 3062 df-ral 3077 df-rex 3087 df-rmo 3365 df-reu 3366 df-rab 3413 df-v 3452 df-sbc 3739 df-csb 3847 df-ss 3896 df-pss 4014 df-dif 4047 df-in 4091 df-un 4151 df-nul 4279 df-if 4482 df-pw 4558 df-sn 4584 df-pr 4586 df-tp 4588 df-op 4590 df-uni 4867 df-int 4907 df-iun 4952 df-iin 4953 df-br 5103 df-opab 5167 df-mpt 5186 df-tr 5212 df-id 5545 df-eprel 5550 df-po 5558 df-so 5559 df-fr 5603 df-se 5604 df-we 5605 df-xp 5656 df-rel 5657 df-cnv 5658 df-co 5659 df-dm 5660 df-rn 5661 df-res 5662 df-ima 5663 df-pred 6304 df-ord 6365 df-on 6366 df-lim 6367 df-suc 6368 df-iota 6494 df-fun 6540 df-fn 6541 df-f 6542 df-f1 6543 df-fo 6544 df-f1o 6545 df-fv 6546 df-isom 6547 df-riota 7377 df-ov 7423 df-oprab 7424 df-mpo 7425 df-of 7693 df-om 7878 df-1st 8001 df-2nd 8002 df-supp 8178 df-frecs 8300 df-wrecs 8331 df-recs 8380 df-rdg 8419 df-1o 8477 df-2o 8478 df-oadd 8481 df-er 8718 df-map 8850 df-pm 8851 df-ixp 8927 df-en 8975 df-dom 8976 df-sdom 8977 df-fin 8978 df-fsupp 9355 df-fi 9404 df-sup 9435 df-inf 9436 df-oi 9505 df-dju 9983 df-card 10021 df-pnf 11346 df-mnf 11347 df-xr 11348 df-ltxr 11349 df-le 11350 df-sub 11544 df-neg 11545 df-div 11975 df-nn 12337 df-2 12406 df-3 12407 df-4 12408 df-5 12409 df-6 12410 df-7 12411 df-8 12412 df-9 12413 df-n0 12608 df-xnn0 12681 df-z 12695 df-dec 12816 df-uz 12967 df-q 13077 df-rp 13122 df-xneg 13242 df-xadd 13243 df-xmul 13244 df-ioo 13481 df-ioc 13482 df-ico 13483 df-icc 13484 df-fz 13641 df-fzo 13790 df-fl 13933 df-mod 14011 df-seq 14146 df-exp 14206 df-fac 14419 df-bc 14448 df-hash 14476 df-shft 15221 df-cj 15267 df-re 15268 df-im 15269 df-sqrt 15403 df-abs 15404 df-limsup 15639 df-clim 15656 df-rlim 15657 df-sum 15855 df-ef 16234 df-e 16235 df-sin 16236 df-cos 16237 df-pi 16239 df-dvds 16424 df-gcd 16666 df-prm 16848 df-pc 17016 df-struct 17326 df-sets 17343 df-slot 17361 df-ndx 17373 df-base 17389 df-ress 17410 df-plusg 17442 df-mulr 17443 df-starv 17444 df-sca 17445 df-vsca 17446 df-ip 17447 df-tset 17448 df-ple 17449 df-ds 17451 df-unif 17452 df-hom 17453 df-cco 17454 df-rest 17594 df-topn 17595 df-0g 17613 df-gsum 17614 df-topgen 17615 df-pt 17616 df-prds 17619 df-xrs 17675 df-qtop 17680 df-imas 17681 df-xps 17683 df-mre 17757 df-mrc 17758 df-acs 17760 df-mgm 18817 df-sgrp 18909 df-mnd 18925 df-submnd 18980 df-mulg 19279 df-cntz 19532 df-cmn 19997 df-psmet 21671 df-xmet 21672 df-met 21673 df-bl 21674 df-mopn 21675 df-fbas 21676 df-fg 21677 df-cnfld 21680 df-top 23213 df-topon 23230 df-topsp 23252 df-bases 23265 df-cld 23338 df-ntr 23339 df-cls 23340 df-nei 23417 df-lp 23455 df-perf 23456 df-cn 23546 df-cnp 23547 df-haus 23634 df-tx 23882 df-hmeo 24075 df-fil 24166 df-fm 24258 df-flim 24259 df-flf 24260 df-xms 24640 df-ms 24641 df-tms 24642 df-cncf 25200 df-limc 26187 df-dv 26188 df-log 26885 df-cxp 26886 df-cht 27425 df-ppi 27428 |
| This theorem is used by: (None) |
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