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| Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > 2irrexpq | Structured version Visualization version GIF version | ||
| Description: There exist irrational numbers 𝑎 and 𝑏 such that (𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) is rational. Statement in the Metamath book, section 1.1.5, footnote 27 on page 17, and the "classical proof" for theorem 1.2 of [Bauer], p. 483. This proof is not acceptable in intuitionistic logic, since it is based on the law of excluded middle: Either ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) is rational, in which case (√‘2), being irrational (see sqrt2irr 16207), can be chosen for both 𝑎 and 𝑏, or ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) is irrational, in which case ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) can be chosen for 𝑎 and (√‘2) for 𝑏, since (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) = 2 is rational. For an alternate proof, which can be used in intuitionistic logic, see 2irrexpqALT 26777. (Contributed by AV, 23-Dec-2022.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| 2irrexpq | ⊢ ∃𝑎 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)∃𝑏 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)(𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ |
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | oveq1 7367 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑎 = (√‘2) → (𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) = ((√‘2)↑𝑐𝑏)) | |
| 2 | 1 | eleq1d 2822 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝑎 = (√‘2) → ((𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ ↔ ((√‘2)↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 3 | oveq2 7368 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑏 = (√‘2) → ((√‘2)↑𝑐𝑏) = ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))) | |
| 4 | 3 | eleq1d 2822 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝑏 = (√‘2) → (((√‘2)↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ ↔ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 5 | 2, 4 | rspc2ev 3578 | . 2 ⊢ (((√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) → ∃𝑎 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)∃𝑏 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)(𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ) |
| 6 | 3ianor 1107 | . . . 4 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) ↔ (¬ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∨ ¬ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∨ ¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) | |
| 7 | sqrt2irr0 16209 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) | |
| 8 | 7 | pm2.24i 150 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (¬ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 9 | 2rp 12938 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ+ | |
| 10 | rpsqrtcl 15217 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (2 ∈ ℝ+ → (√‘2) ∈ ℝ+) | |
| 11 | 9, 10 | ax-mp 5 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (√‘2) ∈ ℝ+ |
| 12 | rpre 12942 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((√‘2) ∈ ℝ+ → (√‘2) ∈ ℝ) | |
| 13 | rpge0 12947 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((√‘2) ∈ ℝ+ → 0 ≤ (√‘2)) | |
| 14 | 12, 13, 12 | recxpcld 26700 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((√‘2) ∈ ℝ+ → ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 15 | 11, 14 | ax-mp 5 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℝ |
| 16 | 15 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 17 | id 22 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → ¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) | |
| 18 | 16, 17 | eldifd 3901 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)) |
| 19 | 7 | a1i 11 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)) |
| 20 | sqrt2re 16208 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (√‘2) ∈ ℝ | |
| 21 | 20 | recni 11150 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (√‘2) ∈ ℂ |
| 22 | cxpmul 26665 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (((√‘2) ∈ ℝ+ ∧ (√‘2) ∈ ℝ ∧ (√‘2) ∈ ℂ) → ((√‘2)↑𝑐((√‘2) · (√‘2))) = (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2))) | |
| 23 | 11, 20, 21, 22 | mp3an 1464 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐((√‘2) · (√‘2))) = (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) |
| 24 | 2re 12246 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ | |
| 25 | 0le2 12274 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ 0 ≤ 2 | |
| 26 | remsqsqrt 15209 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ ((2 ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ 2) → ((√‘2) · (√‘2)) = 2) | |
| 27 | 24, 25, 26 | mp2an 693 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((√‘2) · (√‘2)) = 2 |
| 28 | 27 | oveq2i 7371 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐((√‘2) · (√‘2))) = ((√‘2)↑𝑐2) |
| 29 | 2cn 12247 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℂ | |
| 30 | cxpsqrtth 26707 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (2 ∈ ℂ → ((√‘2)↑𝑐2) = 2) | |
| 31 | 29, 30 | ax-mp 5 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐2) = 2 |
| 32 | 2z 12550 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℤ | |
| 33 | zq 12895 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (2 ∈ ℤ → 2 ∈ ℚ) | |
| 34 | 32, 33 | ax-mp 5 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℚ |
| 35 | 31, 34 | eqeltri 2833 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐2) ∈ ℚ |
| 36 | 28, 35 | eqeltri 2833 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐((√‘2) · (√‘2))) ∈ ℚ |
| 37 | 23, 36 | eqeltrri 2834 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ |
| 38 | 37 | a1i 11 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) |
| 39 | 18, 19, 38 | 3jca 1129 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 40 | 8, 8, 39 | 3jaoi 1431 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((¬ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∨ ¬ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∨ ¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 41 | 6, 40 | sylbi 217 | . . 3 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 42 | oveq1 7367 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑎 = ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) → (𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) = (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐𝑏)) | |
| 43 | 42 | eleq1d 2822 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑎 = ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) → ((𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ ↔ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 44 | oveq2 7368 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑏 = (√‘2) → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐𝑏) = (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2))) | |
| 45 | 44 | eleq1d 2822 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑏 = (√‘2) → ((((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ ↔ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 46 | 43, 45 | rspc2ev 3578 | . . 3 ⊢ ((((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) → ∃𝑎 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)∃𝑏 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)(𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ) |
| 47 | 41, 46 | syl 17 | . 2 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) → ∃𝑎 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)∃𝑏 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)(𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ) |
| 48 | 5, 47 | pm2.61i 182 | 1 ⊢ ∃𝑎 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)∃𝑏 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)(𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ |
| Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
| Syntax hints: ¬ wn 3 ∨ w3o 1086 ∧ w3a 1087 = wceq 1542 ∈ wcel 2114 ∃wrex 3062 ∖ cdif 3887 class class class wbr 5086 ‘cfv 6492 (class class class)co 7360 ℂcc 11027 ℝcr 11028 0cc0 11029 · cmul 11034 ≤ cle 11171 2c2 12227 ℤcz 12515 ℚcq 12889 ℝ+crp 12933 √csqrt 15186 ↑𝑐ccxp 26532 |
| This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1797 ax-4 1811 ax-5 1912 ax-6 1969 ax-7 2010 ax-8 2116 ax-9 2124 ax-10 2147 ax-11 2163 ax-12 2185 ax-ext 2709 ax-rep 5212 ax-sep 5231 ax-nul 5241 ax-pow 5302 ax-pr 5370 ax-un 7682 ax-inf2 9553 ax-cnex 11085 ax-resscn 11086 ax-1cn 11087 ax-icn 11088 ax-addcl 11089 ax-addrcl 11090 ax-mulcl 11091 ax-mulrcl 11092 ax-mulcom 11093 ax-addass 11094 ax-mulass 11095 ax-distr 11096 ax-i2m1 11097 ax-1ne0 11098 ax-1rid 11099 ax-rnegex 11100 ax-rrecex 11101 ax-cnre 11102 ax-pre-lttri 11103 ax-pre-lttrn 11104 ax-pre-ltadd 11105 ax-pre-mulgt0 11106 ax-pre-sup 11107 ax-addf 11108 |
| This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 207 df-an 396 df-or 849 df-3or 1088 df-3an 1089 df-tru 1545 df-fal 1555 df-ex 1782 df-nf 1786 df-sb 2069 df-mo 2540 df-eu 2570 df-clab 2716 df-cleq 2729 df-clel 2812 df-nfc 2886 df-ne 2934 df-nel 3038 df-ral 3053 df-rex 3063 df-rmo 3343 df-reu 3344 df-rab 3391 df-v 3432 df-sbc 3730 df-csb 3839 df-dif 3893 df-un 3895 df-in 3897 df-ss 3907 df-pss 3910 df-nul 4275 df-if 4468 df-pw 4544 df-sn 4569 df-pr 4571 df-tp 4573 df-op 4575 df-uni 4852 df-int 4891 df-iun 4936 df-iin 4937 df-br 5087 df-opab 5149 df-mpt 5168 df-tr 5194 df-id 5519 df-eprel 5524 df-po 5532 df-so 5533 df-fr 5577 df-se 5578 df-we 5579 df-xp 5630 df-rel 5631 df-cnv 5632 df-co 5633 df-dm 5634 df-rn 5635 df-res 5636 df-ima 5637 df-pred 6259 df-ord 6320 df-on 6321 df-lim 6322 df-suc 6323 df-iota 6448 df-fun 6494 df-fn 6495 df-f 6496 df-f1 6497 df-fo 6498 df-f1o 6499 df-fv 6500 df-isom 6501 df-riota 7317 df-ov 7363 df-oprab 7364 df-mpo 7365 df-of 7624 df-om 7811 df-1st 7935 df-2nd 7936 df-supp 8104 df-frecs 8224 df-wrecs 8255 df-recs 8304 df-rdg 8342 df-1o 8398 df-2o 8399 df-er 8636 df-map 8768 df-pm 8769 df-ixp 8839 df-en 8887 df-dom 8888 df-sdom 8889 df-fin 8890 df-fsupp 9268 df-fi 9317 df-sup 9348 df-inf 9349 df-oi 9418 df-card 9854 df-pnf 11172 df-mnf 11173 df-xr 11174 df-ltxr 11175 df-le 11176 df-sub 11370 df-neg 11371 df-div 11799 df-nn 12166 df-2 12235 df-3 12236 df-4 12237 df-5 12238 df-6 12239 df-7 12240 df-8 12241 df-9 12242 df-n0 12429 df-z 12516 df-dec 12636 df-uz 12780 df-q 12890 df-rp 12934 df-xneg 13054 df-xadd 13055 df-xmul 13056 df-ioo 13293 df-ioc 13294 df-ico 13295 df-icc 13296 df-fz 13453 df-fzo 13600 df-fl 13742 df-mod 13820 df-seq 13955 df-exp 14015 df-fac 14227 df-bc 14256 df-hash 14284 df-shft 15020 df-cj 15052 df-re 15053 df-im 15054 df-sqrt 15188 df-abs 15189 df-limsup 15424 df-clim 15441 df-rlim 15442 df-sum 15640 df-ef 16023 df-sin 16025 df-cos 16026 df-pi 16028 df-struct 17108 df-sets 17125 df-slot 17143 df-ndx 17155 df-base 17171 df-ress 17192 df-plusg 17224 df-mulr 17225 df-starv 17226 df-sca 17227 df-vsca 17228 df-ip 17229 df-tset 17230 df-ple 17231 df-ds 17233 df-unif 17234 df-hom 17235 df-cco 17236 df-rest 17376 df-topn 17377 df-0g 17395 df-gsum 17396 df-topgen 17397 df-pt 17398 df-prds 17401 df-xrs 17457 df-qtop 17462 df-imas 17463 df-xps 17465 df-mre 17539 df-mrc 17540 df-acs 17542 df-mgm 18599 df-sgrp 18678 df-mnd 18694 df-submnd 18743 df-mulg 19035 df-cntz 19283 df-cmn 19748 df-psmet 21336 df-xmet 21337 df-met 21338 df-bl 21339 df-mopn 21340 df-fbas 21341 df-fg 21342 df-cnfld 21345 df-top 22869 df-topon 22886 df-topsp 22908 df-bases 22921 df-cld 22994 df-ntr 22995 df-cls 22996 df-nei 23073 df-lp 23111 df-perf 23112 df-cn 23202 df-cnp 23203 df-haus 23290 df-tx 23537 df-hmeo 23730 df-fil 23821 df-fm 23913 df-flim 23914 df-flf 23915 df-xms 24295 df-ms 24296 df-tms 24297 df-cncf 24855 df-limc 25843 df-dv 25844 df-log 26533 df-cxp 26534 |
| This theorem is referenced by: (None) |
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