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| Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > 2irrexpq | Structured version Visualization version GIF version | ||
| Description: There exist irrational numbers 𝑎 and 𝑏 such that (𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) is rational. Statement in the Metamath book, section 1.1.5, footnote 27 on page 17, and the "classical proof" for theorem 1.2 of [Bauer], p. 483. This proof is not acceptable in intuitionistic logic, since it is based on the law of excluded middle: Either ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) is rational, in which case (√‘2), being irrational (see sqrt2irr 16271), can be chosen for both 𝑎 and 𝑏, or ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) is irrational, in which case ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) can be chosen for 𝑎 and (√‘2) for 𝑏, since (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) = 2 is rational. For an alternate proof, which can be used in intuitionistic logic, see 2irrexpqALT 26852. (Contributed by AV, 23-Dec-2022.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| 2irrexpq | ⊢ ∃𝑎 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)∃𝑏 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)(𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ |
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | oveq1 7397 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑎 = (√‘2) → (𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) = ((√‘2)↑𝑐𝑏)) | |
| 2 | 1 | eleq1d 2846 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝑎 = (√‘2) → ((𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ ↔ ((√‘2)↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 3 | oveq2 7398 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑏 = (√‘2) → ((√‘2)↑𝑐𝑏) = ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))) | |
| 4 | 3 | eleq1d 2846 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝑏 = (√‘2) → (((√‘2)↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ ↔ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 5 | 2, 4 | rspc2ev 3593 | . 2 ⊢ (((√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) → ∃𝑎 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)∃𝑏 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)(𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ) |
| 6 | 3ianor 1118 | . . . 4 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) ↔ (¬ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∨ ¬ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∨ ¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) | |
| 7 | sqrt2irr0 16273 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) | |
| 8 | 7 | pm2.24i 150 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (¬ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 9 | 2rp 12991 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ+ | |
| 10 | rpsqrtcl 15281 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (2 ∈ ℝ+ → (√‘2) ∈ ℝ+) | |
| 11 | 9, 10 | ax-mp 5 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (√‘2) ∈ ℝ+ |
| 12 | rpre 12995 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((√‘2) ∈ ℝ+ → (√‘2) ∈ ℝ) | |
| 13 | rpge0 13000 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((√‘2) ∈ ℝ+ → 0 ≤ (√‘2)) | |
| 14 | 12, 13, 12 | recxpcld 26775 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((√‘2) ∈ ℝ+ → ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 15 | 11, 14 | ax-mp 5 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℝ |
| 16 | 15 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 17 | id 22 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → ¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) | |
| 18 | 16, 17 | eldifd 3913 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)) |
| 19 | 7 | a1i 11 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)) |
| 20 | sqrt2re 16272 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (√‘2) ∈ ℝ | |
| 21 | 20 | recni 11189 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (√‘2) ∈ ℂ |
| 22 | cxpmul 26740 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (((√‘2) ∈ ℝ+ ∧ (√‘2) ∈ ℝ ∧ (√‘2) ∈ ℂ) → ((√‘2)↑𝑐((√‘2) · (√‘2))) = (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2))) | |
| 23 | 11, 20, 21, 22 | mp3an 1481 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐((√‘2) · (√‘2))) = (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) |
| 24 | 2re 12285 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ | |
| 25 | 0le2 12313 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ 0 ≤ 2 | |
| 26 | remsqsqrt 15273 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ ((2 ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ 2) → ((√‘2) · (√‘2)) = 2) | |
| 27 | 24, 25, 26 | mp2an 702 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((√‘2) · (√‘2)) = 2 |
| 28 | 27 | oveq2i 7401 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐((√‘2) · (√‘2))) = ((√‘2)↑𝑐2) |
| 29 | 2cn 12286 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℂ | |
| 30 | cxpsqrtth 26782 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (2 ∈ ℂ → ((√‘2)↑𝑐2) = 2) | |
| 31 | 29, 30 | ax-mp 5 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐2) = 2 |
| 32 | 2z 12596 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℤ | |
| 33 | zq 12948 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (2 ∈ ℤ → 2 ∈ ℚ) | |
| 34 | 32, 33 | ax-mp 5 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℚ |
| 35 | 31, 34 | eqeltri 2857 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐2) ∈ ℚ |
| 36 | 28, 35 | eqeltri 2857 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((√‘2)↑𝑐((√‘2) · (√‘2))) ∈ ℚ |
| 37 | 23, 36 | eqeltrri 2858 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ |
| 38 | 37 | a1i 11 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) |
| 39 | 18, 19, 38 | 3jca 1140 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 40 | 8, 8, 39 | 3jaoi 1446 | . . . 4 ⊢ ((¬ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∨ ¬ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∨ ¬ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 41 | 6, 40 | sylbi 219 | . . 3 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 42 | oveq1 7397 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑎 = ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) → (𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) = (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐𝑏)) | |
| 43 | 42 | eleq1d 2846 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑎 = ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) → ((𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ ↔ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 44 | oveq2 7398 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑏 = (√‘2) → (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐𝑏) = (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2))) | |
| 45 | 44 | eleq1d 2846 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑏 = (√‘2) → ((((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ ↔ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ)) |
| 46 | 43, 45 | rspc2ev 3593 | . . 3 ⊢ ((((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2))↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) → ∃𝑎 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)∃𝑏 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)(𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ) |
| 47 | 41, 46 | syl 17 | . 2 ⊢ (¬ ((√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ (√‘2) ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ) ∧ ((√‘2)↑𝑐(√‘2)) ∈ ℚ) → ∃𝑎 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)∃𝑏 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)(𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ) |
| 48 | 5, 47 | pm2.61i 183 | 1 ⊢ ∃𝑎 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)∃𝑏 ∈ (ℝ ∖ ℚ)(𝑎↑𝑐𝑏) ∈ ℚ |
| Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
| Syntax hints: ¬ wn 3 ∨ w3o 1096 ∧ w3a 1097 = wceq 1559 ∈ wcel 2141 ∃wrex 3085 ∖ cdif 3899 class class class wbr 5097 ‘cfv 6515 (class class class)co 7390 ℂcc 11064 ℝcr 11065 0cc0 11066 · cmul 11071 ≤ cle 11210 2c2 12265 ℤcz 12561 ℚcq 12942 ℝ+crp 12986 √csqrt 15250 ↑𝑐ccxp 26607 |
| This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1814 ax-4 1828 ax-5 1929 ax-6 1986 ax-7 2027 ax-8 2143 ax-9 2151 ax-10 2174 ax-11 2190 ax-12 2211 ax-ext 2733 ax-rep 5224 ax-sep 5243 ax-nul 5253 ax-pow 5319 ax-pr 5387 ax-un 7712 ax-inf2 9589 ax-cnex 11122 ax-resscn 11123 ax-1cn 11124 ax-icn 11125 ax-addcl 11126 ax-addrcl 11127 ax-mulcl 11128 ax-mulrcl 11129 ax-mulcom 11130 ax-addass 11131 ax-mulass 11132 ax-distr 11133 ax-i2m1 11134 ax-1ne0 11135 ax-1rid 11136 ax-rnegex 11137 ax-rrecex 11138 ax-cnre 11139 ax-pre-lttri 11140 ax-pre-lttrn 11141 ax-pre-ltadd 11142 ax-pre-mulgt0 11143 ax-pre-sup 11144 ax-addf 11145 |
| This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 209 df-an 400 df-or 859 df-3or 1098 df-3an 1099 df-tru 1562 df-fal 1572 df-ex 1799 df-nf 1803 df-sb 2090 df-mo 2565 df-eu 2595 df-clab 2740 df-cleq 2753 df-clel 2836 df-nfc 2910 df-ne 2957 df-nel 3061 df-ral 3076 df-rex 3086 df-rmo 3366 df-reu 3367 df-rab 3414 df-v 3455 df-sbc 3743 df-csb 3851 df-dif 3905 df-un 3907 df-in 3909 df-ss 3919 df-pss 3922 df-nul 4284 df-if 4478 df-pw 4554 df-sn 4580 df-pr 4582 df-tp 4584 df-op 4586 df-uni 4863 df-int 4903 df-iun 4948 df-iin 4949 df-br 5098 df-opab 5160 df-mpt 5179 df-tr 5205 df-id 5538 df-eprel 5543 df-po 5551 df-so 5552 df-fr 5596 df-se 5597 df-we 5598 df-xp 5649 df-rel 5650 df-cnv 5651 df-co 5652 df-dm 5653 df-rn 5654 df-res 5655 df-ima 5656 df-pred 6282 df-ord 6343 df-on 6344 df-lim 6345 df-suc 6346 df-iota 6471 df-fun 6517 df-fn 6518 df-f 6519 df-f1 6520 df-fo 6521 df-f1o 6522 df-fv 6523 df-isom 6524 df-riota 7347 df-ov 7393 df-oprab 7394 df-mpo 7395 df-of 7654 df-om 7841 df-1st 7964 df-2nd 7965 df-supp 8134 df-frecs 8255 df-wrecs 8286 df-recs 8335 df-rdg 8374 df-1o 8430 df-2o 8431 df-er 8671 df-map 8803 df-pm 8804 df-ixp 8873 df-en 8921 df-dom 8922 df-sdom 8923 df-fin 8924 df-fsupp 9301 df-fi 9350 df-sup 9381 df-inf 9382 df-oi 9451 df-card 9890 df-pnf 11211 df-mnf 11212 df-xr 11213 df-ltxr 11214 df-le 11215 df-sub 11409 df-neg 11410 df-div 11838 df-nn 12204 df-2 12273 df-3 12274 df-4 12275 df-5 12276 df-6 12277 df-7 12278 df-8 12279 df-9 12280 df-n0 12475 df-z 12562 df-dec 12682 df-uz 12833 df-q 12943 df-rp 12987 df-xneg 13107 df-xadd 13108 df-xmul 13109 df-ioo 13346 df-ioc 13347 df-ico 13348 df-icc 13349 df-fz 13506 df-fzo 13653 df-fl 13795 df-mod 13873 df-seq 14008 df-exp 14068 df-fac 14280 df-bc 14309 df-hash 14337 df-shft 15073 df-cj 15116 df-re 15117 df-im 15118 df-sqrt 15252 df-abs 15253 df-limsup 15488 df-clim 15505 df-rlim 15506 df-sum 15704 df-ef 16087 df-sin 16089 df-cos 16090 df-pi 16092 df-struct 17173 df-sets 17190 df-slot 17208 df-ndx 17220 df-base 17236 df-ress 17257 df-plusg 17289 df-mulr 17290 df-starv 17291 df-sca 17292 df-vsca 17293 df-ip 17294 df-tset 17295 df-ple 17296 df-ds 17298 df-unif 17299 df-hom 17300 df-cco 17301 df-rest 17441 df-topn 17442 df-0g 17460 df-gsum 17461 df-topgen 17462 df-pt 17463 df-prds 17466 df-xrs 17522 df-qtop 17527 df-imas 17528 df-xps 17530 df-mre 17604 df-mrc 17605 df-acs 17607 df-mgm 18664 df-sgrp 18743 df-mnd 18759 df-submnd 18808 df-mulg 19100 df-cntz 19347 df-cmn 19812 df-psmet 21403 df-xmet 21404 df-met 21405 df-bl 21406 df-mopn 21407 df-fbas 21408 df-fg 21409 df-cnfld 21412 df-top 22941 df-topon 22958 df-topsp 22980 df-bases 22993 df-cld 23066 df-ntr 23067 df-cls 23068 df-nei 23145 df-lp 23183 df-perf 23184 df-cn 23274 df-cnp 23275 df-haus 23362 df-tx 23609 df-hmeo 23802 df-fil 23893 df-fm 23985 df-flim 23986 df-flf 23987 df-xms 24367 df-ms 24368 df-tms 24369 df-cncf 24927 df-limc 25915 df-dv 25916 df-log 26608 df-cxp 26609 |
| This theorem is referenced by: (None) |
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