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Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > efifo | Structured version Visualization version GIF version |
Description: The exponential function of an imaginary number maps the reals onto the unit circle. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-May-2014.) |
Ref | Expression |
---|---|
efifo.1 | ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑧 ∈ ℝ ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) |
efifo.2 | ⊢ 𝐶 = (◡abs “ {1}) |
Ref | Expression |
---|---|
efifo | ⊢ 𝐹:ℝ–onto→𝐶 |
Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
---|---|---|---|
1 | efifo.1 | . . . 4 ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑧 ∈ ℝ ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) | |
2 | ax-icn 10788 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ i ∈ ℂ | |
3 | recn 10819 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑧 ∈ ℝ → 𝑧 ∈ ℂ) | |
4 | mulcl 10813 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((i ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝑧 ∈ ℂ) → (i · 𝑧) ∈ ℂ) | |
5 | 2, 3, 4 | sylancr 590 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑧 ∈ ℝ → (i · 𝑧) ∈ ℂ) |
6 | efcl 15644 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((i · 𝑧) ∈ ℂ → (exp‘(i · 𝑧)) ∈ ℂ) | |
7 | 5, 6 | syl 17 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑧 ∈ ℝ → (exp‘(i · 𝑧)) ∈ ℂ) |
8 | absefi 15757 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑧 ∈ ℝ → (abs‘(exp‘(i · 𝑧))) = 1) | |
9 | absf 14901 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ abs:ℂ⟶ℝ | |
10 | ffn 6545 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (abs:ℂ⟶ℝ → abs Fn ℂ) | |
11 | fniniseg 6880 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (abs Fn ℂ → ((exp‘(i · 𝑧)) ∈ (◡abs “ {1}) ↔ ((exp‘(i · 𝑧)) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘(exp‘(i · 𝑧))) = 1))) | |
12 | 9, 10, 11 | mp2b 10 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ ((exp‘(i · 𝑧)) ∈ (◡abs “ {1}) ↔ ((exp‘(i · 𝑧)) ∈ ℂ ∧ (abs‘(exp‘(i · 𝑧))) = 1)) |
13 | 7, 8, 12 | sylanbrc 586 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑧 ∈ ℝ → (exp‘(i · 𝑧)) ∈ (◡abs “ {1})) |
14 | efifo.2 | . . . . 5 ⊢ 𝐶 = (◡abs “ {1}) | |
15 | 13, 14 | eleqtrrdi 2849 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑧 ∈ ℝ → (exp‘(i · 𝑧)) ∈ 𝐶) |
16 | 1, 15 | fmpti 6929 | . . 3 ⊢ 𝐹:ℝ⟶𝐶 |
17 | ffn 6545 | . . 3 ⊢ (𝐹:ℝ⟶𝐶 → 𝐹 Fn ℝ) | |
18 | 16, 17 | ax-mp 5 | . 2 ⊢ 𝐹 Fn ℝ |
19 | frn 6552 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝐹:ℝ⟶𝐶 → ran 𝐹 ⊆ 𝐶) | |
20 | 16, 19 | ax-mp 5 | . . 3 ⊢ ran 𝐹 ⊆ 𝐶 |
21 | df-ima 5564 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝐹 “ (0(,](2 · π))) = ran (𝐹 ↾ (0(,](2 · π))) | |
22 | 1 | reseq1i 5847 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝐹 ↾ (0(,](2 · π))) = ((𝑧 ∈ ℝ ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) ↾ (0(,](2 · π))) |
23 | 0xr 10880 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ 0 ∈ ℝ* | |
24 | 2re 11904 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ | |
25 | pire 25348 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ | |
26 | 24, 25 | remulcli 10849 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (2 · π) ∈ ℝ |
27 | elioc2 12998 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ ((0 ∈ ℝ* ∧ (2 · π) ∈ ℝ) → (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↔ (𝑧 ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 < 𝑧 ∧ 𝑧 ≤ (2 · π)))) | |
28 | 23, 26, 27 | mp2an 692 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↔ (𝑧 ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 < 𝑧 ∧ 𝑧 ≤ (2 · π))) |
29 | 28 | simp1bi 1147 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) → 𝑧 ∈ ℝ) |
30 | 29 | ssriv 3905 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (0(,](2 · π)) ⊆ ℝ |
31 | resmpt 5905 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((0(,](2 · π)) ⊆ ℝ → ((𝑧 ∈ ℝ ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) ↾ (0(,](2 · π))) = (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧)))) | |
32 | 30, 31 | ax-mp 5 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((𝑧 ∈ ℝ ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) ↾ (0(,](2 · π))) = (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) |
33 | 22, 32 | eqtri 2765 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝐹 ↾ (0(,](2 · π))) = (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) |
34 | 33 | rneqi 5806 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ ran (𝐹 ↾ (0(,](2 · π))) = ran (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) |
35 | 0re 10835 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ 0 ∈ ℝ | |
36 | eqid 2737 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) = (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) | |
37 | 26 | recni 10847 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (2 · π) ∈ ℂ |
38 | 37 | addid2i 11020 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (0 + (2 · π)) = (2 · π) |
39 | 38 | oveq2i 7224 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (0(,](0 + (2 · π))) = (0(,](2 · π)) |
40 | 39 | eqcomi 2746 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (0(,](2 · π)) = (0(,](0 + (2 · π))) |
41 | 36, 14, 40 | efif1o 25435 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (0 ∈ ℝ → (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))):(0(,](2 · π))–1-1-onto→𝐶) |
42 | 35, 41 | ax-mp 5 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))):(0(,](2 · π))–1-1-onto→𝐶 |
43 | f1ofo 6668 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))):(0(,](2 · π))–1-1-onto→𝐶 → (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))):(0(,](2 · π))–onto→𝐶) | |
44 | forn 6636 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))):(0(,](2 · π))–onto→𝐶 → ran (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) = 𝐶) | |
45 | 42, 43, 44 | mp2b 10 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ ran (𝑧 ∈ (0(,](2 · π)) ↦ (exp‘(i · 𝑧))) = 𝐶 |
46 | 34, 45 | eqtri 2765 | . . . . 5 ⊢ ran (𝐹 ↾ (0(,](2 · π))) = 𝐶 |
47 | 21, 46 | eqtri 2765 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝐹 “ (0(,](2 · π))) = 𝐶 |
48 | imassrn 5940 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝐹 “ (0(,](2 · π))) ⊆ ran 𝐹 | |
49 | 47, 48 | eqsstrri 3936 | . . 3 ⊢ 𝐶 ⊆ ran 𝐹 |
50 | 20, 49 | eqssi 3917 | . 2 ⊢ ran 𝐹 = 𝐶 |
51 | df-fo 6386 | . 2 ⊢ (𝐹:ℝ–onto→𝐶 ↔ (𝐹 Fn ℝ ∧ ran 𝐹 = 𝐶)) | |
52 | 18, 50, 51 | mpbir2an 711 | 1 ⊢ 𝐹:ℝ–onto→𝐶 |
Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
Syntax hints: ↔ wb 209 ∧ wa 399 ∧ w3a 1089 = wceq 1543 ∈ wcel 2110 ⊆ wss 3866 {csn 4541 class class class wbr 5053 ↦ cmpt 5135 ◡ccnv 5550 ran crn 5552 ↾ cres 5553 “ cima 5554 Fn wfn 6375 ⟶wf 6376 –onto→wfo 6378 –1-1-onto→wf1o 6379 ‘cfv 6380 (class class class)co 7213 ℂcc 10727 ℝcr 10728 0cc0 10729 1c1 10730 ici 10731 + caddc 10732 · cmul 10734 ℝ*cxr 10866 < clt 10867 ≤ cle 10868 2c2 11885 (,]cioc 12936 abscabs 14797 expce 15623 πcpi 15628 |
This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1803 ax-4 1817 ax-5 1918 ax-6 1976 ax-7 2016 ax-8 2112 ax-9 2120 ax-10 2141 ax-11 2158 ax-12 2175 ax-ext 2708 ax-rep 5179 ax-sep 5192 ax-nul 5199 ax-pow 5258 ax-pr 5322 ax-un 7523 ax-inf2 9256 ax-cnex 10785 ax-resscn 10786 ax-1cn 10787 ax-icn 10788 ax-addcl 10789 ax-addrcl 10790 ax-mulcl 10791 ax-mulrcl 10792 ax-mulcom 10793 ax-addass 10794 ax-mulass 10795 ax-distr 10796 ax-i2m1 10797 ax-1ne0 10798 ax-1rid 10799 ax-rnegex 10800 ax-rrecex 10801 ax-cnre 10802 ax-pre-lttri 10803 ax-pre-lttrn 10804 ax-pre-ltadd 10805 ax-pre-mulgt0 10806 ax-pre-sup 10807 ax-addf 10808 ax-mulf 10809 |
This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 210 df-an 400 df-or 848 df-3or 1090 df-3an 1091 df-tru 1546 df-fal 1556 df-ex 1788 df-nf 1792 df-sb 2071 df-mo 2539 df-eu 2568 df-clab 2715 df-cleq 2729 df-clel 2816 df-nfc 2886 df-ne 2941 df-nel 3047 df-ral 3066 df-rex 3067 df-reu 3068 df-rmo 3069 df-rab 3070 df-v 3410 df-sbc 3695 df-csb 3812 df-dif 3869 df-un 3871 df-in 3873 df-ss 3883 df-pss 3885 df-nul 4238 df-if 4440 df-pw 4515 df-sn 4542 df-pr 4544 df-tp 4546 df-op 4548 df-uni 4820 df-int 4860 df-iun 4906 df-iin 4907 df-br 5054 df-opab 5116 df-mpt 5136 df-tr 5162 df-id 5455 df-eprel 5460 df-po 5468 df-so 5469 df-fr 5509 df-se 5510 df-we 5511 df-xp 5557 df-rel 5558 df-cnv 5559 df-co 5560 df-dm 5561 df-rn 5562 df-res 5563 df-ima 5564 df-pred 6160 df-ord 6216 df-on 6217 df-lim 6218 df-suc 6219 df-iota 6338 df-fun 6382 df-fn 6383 df-f 6384 df-f1 6385 df-fo 6386 df-f1o 6387 df-fv 6388 df-isom 6389 df-riota 7170 df-ov 7216 df-oprab 7217 df-mpo 7218 df-of 7469 df-om 7645 df-1st 7761 df-2nd 7762 df-supp 7904 df-wrecs 8047 df-recs 8108 df-rdg 8146 df-1o 8202 df-2o 8203 df-er 8391 df-map 8510 df-pm 8511 df-ixp 8579 df-en 8627 df-dom 8628 df-sdom 8629 df-fin 8630 df-fsupp 8986 df-fi 9027 df-sup 9058 df-inf 9059 df-oi 9126 df-card 9555 df-pnf 10869 df-mnf 10870 df-xr 10871 df-ltxr 10872 df-le 10873 df-sub 11064 df-neg 11065 df-div 11490 df-nn 11831 df-2 11893 df-3 11894 df-4 11895 df-5 11896 df-6 11897 df-7 11898 df-8 11899 df-9 11900 df-n0 12091 df-z 12177 df-dec 12294 df-uz 12439 df-q 12545 df-rp 12587 df-xneg 12704 df-xadd 12705 df-xmul 12706 df-ioo 12939 df-ioc 12940 df-ico 12941 df-icc 12942 df-fz 13096 df-fzo 13239 df-fl 13367 df-mod 13443 df-seq 13575 df-exp 13636 df-fac 13840 df-bc 13869 df-hash 13897 df-shft 14630 df-cj 14662 df-re 14663 df-im 14664 df-sqrt 14798 df-abs 14799 df-limsup 15032 df-clim 15049 df-rlim 15050 df-sum 15250 df-ef 15629 df-sin 15631 df-cos 15632 df-pi 15634 df-struct 16700 df-sets 16717 df-slot 16735 df-ndx 16745 df-base 16761 df-ress 16785 df-plusg 16815 df-mulr 16816 df-starv 16817 df-sca 16818 df-vsca 16819 df-ip 16820 df-tset 16821 df-ple 16822 df-ds 16824 df-unif 16825 df-hom 16826 df-cco 16827 df-rest 16927 df-topn 16928 df-0g 16946 df-gsum 16947 df-topgen 16948 df-pt 16949 df-prds 16952 df-xrs 17007 df-qtop 17012 df-imas 17013 df-xps 17015 df-mre 17089 df-mrc 17090 df-acs 17092 df-mgm 18114 df-sgrp 18163 df-mnd 18174 df-submnd 18219 df-mulg 18489 df-cntz 18711 df-cmn 19172 df-psmet 20355 df-xmet 20356 df-met 20357 df-bl 20358 df-mopn 20359 df-fbas 20360 df-fg 20361 df-cnfld 20364 df-top 21791 df-topon 21808 df-topsp 21830 df-bases 21843 df-cld 21916 df-ntr 21917 df-cls 21918 df-nei 21995 df-lp 22033 df-perf 22034 df-cn 22124 df-cnp 22125 df-haus 22212 df-tx 22459 df-hmeo 22652 df-fil 22743 df-fm 22835 df-flim 22836 df-flf 22837 df-xms 23218 df-ms 23219 df-tms 23220 df-cncf 23775 df-limc 24763 df-dv 24764 |
This theorem is referenced by: circgrp 25441 circsubm 25442 circtopn 31501 circcn 31502 |
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