fouriercn - Mathbox for Glauco Siliprandi

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Theorem fouriercn 41946

Description: If the derivative of 𝐹 is continuous, then the Fourier series for 𝐹 converges to 𝐹 everywhere and the hypothesis are simpler than those for the more general case of a piecewise smooth function (see fourierd 41936 for a comparison). (Contributed by Glauco Siliprandi, 11-Dec-2019.)

**Hypotheses**
Ref	Expression
fouriercn.f	⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ)
fouriercn.t	⊢ 𝑇 = (2 · π)
fouriercn.per	⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 𝑇)) = (𝐹‘𝑥))
fouriercn.dv	⊢ (𝜑 → (ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
fouriercn.g	⊢ 𝐺 = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π))
fouriercn.x	⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ ℝ)
fouriercn.a	⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ₀ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))
fouriercn.b	⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))

**Assertion**
Ref	Expression
fouriercn	⊢ (𝜑 → (((𝐴‘0) / 2) + Σ𝑛 ∈ ℕ (((𝐴‘𝑛) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))) + ((𝐵‘𝑛) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))))) = (𝐹‘𝑋))

Distinct variable groups: 𝑛,𝐹,𝑥 𝑥,𝐺 𝑥,𝑇 𝑛,𝑋,𝑥 𝜑,𝑥 Allowed substitution hints: 𝜑(𝑛) 𝐴(𝑥,𝑛) 𝐵(𝑥,𝑛) 𝑇(𝑛) 𝐺(𝑛)

**Proof of Theorem fouriercn**
Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		fouriercn.f	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ)
2		fouriercn.t	. 2 ⊢ 𝑇 = (2 · π)
3		fouriercn.per	. 2 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 𝑇)) = (𝐹‘𝑥))
4		fouriercn.g	. 2 ⊢ 𝐺 = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π))
5	4	dmeqi 5623	. . . . . 6 ⊢ dom 𝐺 = dom ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π))
6		ioossre 12614	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (-π(,)π) ⊆ ℝ
7		fouriercn.dv	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝜑 → (ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
8		cncff 23204	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ) → (ℝ D 𝐹):ℝ⟶ℂ)
9		fdm 6352	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹):ℝ⟶ℂ → dom (ℝ D 𝐹) = ℝ)
10	7, 8, 9	3syl 18	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → dom (ℝ D 𝐹) = ℝ)
11	6, 10	syl5sseqr 3911	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → (-π(,)π) ⊆ dom (ℝ D 𝐹))
12		ssdmres 5721	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((-π(,)π) ⊆ dom (ℝ D 𝐹) ↔ dom ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) = (-π(,)π))
13	11, 12	sylib 210	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → dom ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) = (-π(,)π))
14	5, 13	syl5eq 2827	. . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → dom 𝐺 = (-π(,)π))
15	14	difeq2d 3990	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((-π(,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) = ((-π(,)π) ∖ (-π(,)π)))
16		difid 4217	. . . 4 ⊢ ((-π(,)π) ∖ (-π(,)π)) = ∅
17	15, 16	syl6eq 2831	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((-π(,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) = ∅)
18		0fin 8541	. . 3 ⊢ ∅ ∈ Fin
19	17, 18	syl6eqel 2875	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((-π(,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) ∈ Fin)
20		rescncf 23208	. . . 4 ⊢ ((-π(,)π) ⊆ ℝ → ((ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ∈ ((-π(,)π)–cn→ℂ)))
21	6, 7, 20	mpsyl 68	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ∈ ((-π(,)π)–cn→ℂ))
22	4	a1i 11	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)))
23	14	oveq1d 6991	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → (dom 𝐺–cn→ℂ) = ((-π(,)π)–cn→ℂ))
24	21, 22, 23	3eltr4d 2882	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ (dom 𝐺–cn→ℂ))
25		pire 24747	. . . . . 6 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ
26	25	renegcli 10748	. . . . 5 ⊢ -π ∈ ℝ
27	25	rexri 10499	. . . . 5 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ^*
28		icossre 12633	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((-π ∈ ℝ ∧ π ∈ ℝ^*) → (-π[,)π) ⊆ ℝ)
29	26, 27, 28	mp2an 679	. . . 4 ⊢ (-π[,)π) ⊆ ℝ
30		eldifi 3994	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π[,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ (-π[,)π))
31	29, 30	sseldi 3857	. . 3 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π[,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ ℝ)
32		limcresi 24186	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞))) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
33	4	reseq1i 5691	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) = (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞))
34		resres 5711	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞)))
35	33, 34	eqtr2i 2804	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞))) = (𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞))
36	35	oveq1i 6986	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞))) lim_ℂ 𝑥) = ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
37	32, 36	sseqtri 3894	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
38	7	adantr 473	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → (ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
39		simpr 477	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → 𝑥 ∈ ℝ)
40	38, 39	cnlimci 24190	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥))
41	37, 40	sseldi 3857	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥))
42	41	ne0d 4188	. . 3 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
43	31, 42	sylan2 583	. 2 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ((-π[,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺)) → ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
44		negpitopissre 24825	. . . 4 ⊢ (-π(,]π) ⊆ ℝ
45		eldifi 3994	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π(,]π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ (-π(,]π))
46	44, 45	sseldi 3857	. . 3 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π(,]π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ ℝ)
47		limcresi 24186	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥))) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
48	4	reseq1i 5691	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) = (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥))
49		resres 5711	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥)))
50	48, 49	eqtr2i 2804	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥))) = (𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥))
51	50	oveq1i 6986	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥))) lim_ℂ 𝑥) = ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
52	47, 51	sseqtri 3894	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
53	52, 40	sseldi 3857	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥))
54	53	ne0d 4188	. . 3 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
55	46, 54	sylan2 583	. 2 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ((-π(,]π) ∖ dom 𝐺)) → ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
56		eqid 2779	. 2 ⊢ (topGen‘ran (,)) = (topGen‘ran (,))
57		ax-resscn 10392	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ℝ ⊆ ℂ
58	57	a1i 11	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → ℝ ⊆ ℂ)
59	1, 58	fssd 6358	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℂ)
60		ssid 3880	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ℝ ⊆ ℝ
61	60	a1i 11	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → ℝ ⊆ ℝ)
62		dvcn 24221	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (((ℝ ⊆ ℂ ∧ 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℂ ∧ ℝ ⊆ ℝ) ∧ dom (ℝ D 𝐹) = ℝ) → 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
63	58, 59, 61, 10, 62	syl31anc 1353	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
64		cncffvrn 23209	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((ℝ ⊆ ℂ ∧ 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ)) → (𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℝ) ↔ 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ))
65	58, 63, 64	syl2anc 576	. . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℝ) ↔ 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ))
66	1, 65	mpbird 249	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℝ))
67		eqid 2779	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (TopOpen‘ℂ_fld) = (TopOpen‘ℂ_fld)
68	67	tgioo2 23114	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (topGen‘ran (,)) = ((TopOpen‘ℂ_fld) ↾_t ℝ)
69	67, 68, 68	cncfcn 23220	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((ℝ ⊆ ℂ ∧ ℝ ⊆ ℂ) → (ℝ–cn→ℝ) = ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))))
70	58, 58, 69	syl2anc 576	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → (ℝ–cn→ℝ) = ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))))
71	66, 70	eleqtrd 2869	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))))
72		fouriercn.x	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ ℝ)
73		uniretop 23074	. . . 4 ⊢ ℝ = ∪ (topGen‘ran (,))
74	73	cncnpi 21590	. . 3 ⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))) ∧ 𝑋 ∈ ℝ) → 𝐹 ∈ (((topGen‘ran (,)) CnP (topGen‘ran (,)))‘𝑋))
75	71, 72, 74	syl2anc 576	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (((topGen‘ran (,)) CnP (topGen‘ran (,)))‘𝑋))
76		fouriercn.a	. 2 ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ₀ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))
77		fouriercn.b	. 2 ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))
78	1, 2, 3, 4, 19, 24, 43, 55, 56, 75, 76, 77	fouriercnp 41940	1 ⊢ (𝜑 → (((𝐴‘0) / 2) + Σ𝑛 ∈ ℕ (((𝐴‘𝑛) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))) + ((𝐵‘𝑛) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))))) = (𝐹‘𝑋))

Colors of variables: wff setvar class

Syntax hints: → wi 4 ↔ wb 198 ∧ wa 387 = wceq 1507 ∈ wcel 2050 ≠ wne 2968 ∖ cdif 3827 ∩ cin 3829 ⊆ wss 3830 ∅c0 4179 ↦ cmpt 5008 dom cdm 5407 ran crn 5408 ↾ cres 5409 ⟶wf 6184 ‘cfv 6188 (class class class)co 6976 Fincfn 8306 ℂcc 10333 ℝcr 10334 0cc0 10335 + caddc 10338 · cmul 10340 +∞cpnf 10471 -∞cmnf 10472 ℝ^*cxr 10473 -cneg 10671 / cdiv 11098 ℕcn 11439 2c2 11495 ℕ₀cn0 11707 (,)cioo 12554 (,]cioc 12555 [,)cico 12556 Σcsu 14903 sincsin 15277 cosccos 15278 πcpi 15280 TopOpenctopn 16551 topGenctg 16567 ℂ_fldccnfld 20247 Cn ccn 21536 CnP ccnp 21537 –cn→ccncf 23187 ∫citg 23922 lim_ℂ climc 24163 D cdv 24164

This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1758 ax-4 1772 ax-5 1869 ax-6 1928 ax-7 1965 ax-8 2052 ax-9 2059 ax-10 2079 ax-11 2093 ax-12 2106 ax-13 2301 ax-ext 2751 ax-rep 5049 ax-sep 5060 ax-nul 5067 ax-pow 5119 ax-pr 5186 ax-un 7279 ax-inf2 8898 ax-cc 9655 ax-cnex 10391 ax-resscn 10392 ax-1cn 10393 ax-icn 10394 ax-addcl 10395 ax-addrcl 10396 ax-mulcl 10397 ax-mulrcl 10398 ax-mulcom 10399 ax-addass 10400 ax-mulass 10401 ax-distr 10402 ax-i2m1 10403 ax-1ne0 10404 ax-1rid 10405 ax-rnegex 10406 ax-rrecex 10407 ax-cnre 10408 ax-pre-lttri 10409 ax-pre-lttrn 10410 ax-pre-ltadd 10411 ax-pre-mulgt0 10412 ax-pre-sup 10413 ax-addf 10414 ax-mulf 10415

This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 199 df-an 388 df-or 834 df-3or 1069 df-3an 1070 df-tru 1510 df-fal 1520 df-ex 1743 df-nf 1747 df-sb 2016 df-mo 2547 df-eu 2584 df-clab 2760 df-cleq 2772 df-clel 2847 df-nfc 2919 df-ne 2969 df-nel 3075 df-ral 3094 df-rex 3095 df-reu 3096 df-rmo 3097 df-rab 3098 df-v 3418 df-sbc 3683 df-csb 3788 df-dif 3833 df-un 3835 df-in 3837 df-ss 3844 df-pss 3846 df-symdif 4107 df-nul 4180 df-if 4351 df-pw 4424 df-sn 4442 df-pr 4444 df-tp 4446 df-op 4448 df-uni 4713 df-int 4750 df-iun 4794 df-iin 4795 df-disj 4898 df-br 4930 df-opab 4992 df-mpt 5009 df-tr 5031 df-id 5312 df-eprel 5317 df-po 5326 df-so 5327 df-fr 5366 df-se 5367 df-we 5368 df-xp 5413 df-rel 5414 df-cnv 5415 df-co 5416 df-dm 5417 df-rn 5418 df-res 5419 df-ima 5420 df-pred 5986 df-ord 6032 df-on 6033 df-lim 6034 df-suc 6035 df-iota 6152 df-fun 6190 df-fn 6191 df-f 6192 df-f1 6193 df-fo 6194 df-f1o 6195 df-fv 6196 df-isom 6197 df-riota 6937 df-ov 6979 df-oprab 6980 df-mpo 6981 df-of 7227 df-ofr 7228 df-om 7397 df-1st 7501 df-2nd 7502 df-supp 7634 df-wrecs 7750 df-recs 7812 df-rdg 7850 df-1o 7905 df-2o 7906 df-oadd 7909 df-omul 7910 df-er 8089 df-map 8208 df-pm 8209 df-ixp 8260 df-en 8307 df-dom 8308 df-sdom 8309 df-fin 8310 df-fsupp 8629 df-fi 8670 df-sup 8701 df-inf 8702 df-oi 8769 df-dju 9124 df-card 9162 df-acn 9165 df-cda 9388 df-pnf 10476 df-mnf 10477 df-xr 10478 df-ltxr 10479 df-le 10480 df-sub 10672 df-neg 10673 df-div 11099 df-nn 11440 df-2 11503 df-3 11504 df-4 11505 df-5 11506 df-6 11507 df-7 11508 df-8 11509 df-9 11510 df-n0 11708 df-xnn0 11780 df-z 11794 df-dec 11912 df-uz 12059 df-q 12163 df-rp 12205 df-xneg 12324 df-xadd 12325 df-xmul 12326 df-ioo 12558 df-ioc 12559 df-ico 12560 df-icc 12561 df-fz 12709 df-fzo 12850 df-fl 12977 df-mod 13053 df-seq 13185 df-exp 13245 df-fac 13449 df-bc 13478 df-hash 13506 df-shft 14287 df-cj 14319 df-re 14320 df-im 14321 df-sqrt 14455 df-abs 14456 df-limsup 14689 df-clim 14706 df-rlim 14707 df-sum 14904 df-ef 15281 df-sin 15283 df-cos 15284 df-pi 15286 df-struct 16341 df-ndx 16342 df-slot 16343 df-base 16345 df-sets 16346 df-ress 16347 df-plusg 16434 df-mulr 16435 df-starv 16436 df-sca 16437 df-vsca 16438 df-ip 16439 df-tset 16440 df-ple 16441 df-ds 16443 df-unif 16444 df-hom 16445 df-cco 16446 df-rest 16552 df-topn 16553 df-0g 16571 df-gsum 16572 df-topgen 16573 df-pt 16574 df-prds 16577 df-xrs 16631 df-qtop 16636 df-imas 16637 df-xps 16639 df-mre 16715 df-mrc 16716 df-acs 16718 df-mgm 17710 df-sgrp 17752 df-mnd 17763 df-submnd 17804 df-mulg 18012 df-cntz 18218 df-cmn 18668 df-psmet 20239 df-xmet 20240 df-met 20241 df-bl 20242 df-mopn 20243 df-fbas 20244 df-fg 20245 df-cnfld 20248 df-top 21206 df-topon 21223 df-topsp 21245 df-bases 21258 df-cld 21331 df-ntr 21332 df-cls 21333 df-nei 21410 df-lp 21448 df-perf 21449 df-cn 21539 df-cnp 21540 df-t1 21626 df-haus 21627 df-cmp 21699 df-tx 21874 df-hmeo 22067 df-fil 22158 df-fm 22250 df-flim 22251 df-flf 22252 df-xms 22633 df-ms 22634 df-tms 22635 df-cncf 23189 df-ovol 23768 df-vol 23769 df-mbf 23923 df-itg1 23924 df-itg2 23925 df-ibl 23926 df-itg 23927 df-0p 23974 df-ditg 24148 df-limc 24167 df-dv 24168

This theorem is referenced by: (None)

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