| Mathbox for Glauco Siliprandi |
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| Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > Mathboxes > stirlingr | Structured version Visualization version GIF version | ||
| Description: Stirling's approximation formula for 𝑛 factorial: here convergence is expressed with respect to the standard topology on the reals. The main theorem stirling 46729 is proven for convergence in the topology of complex numbers. The variable 𝑅 is used to denote convergence with respect to the standard topology on the reals. (Contributed by Glauco Siliprandi, 29-Jun-2017.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| stirlingr.1 | ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛))) |
| stirlingr.2 | ⊢ 𝑅 = (⇝𝑡‘(topGen‘ran (,))) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| stirlingr | ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛)))𝑅1 |
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stirlingr.1 | . . 3 ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛))) | |
| 2 | 1 | stirling 46729 | . 2 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))) ⇝ 1 |
| 3 | stirlingr.2 | . . . 4 ⊢ 𝑅 = (⇝𝑡‘(topGen‘ran (,))) | |
| 4 | nnuz 12901 | . . . 4 ⊢ ℕ = (ℤ≥‘1) | |
| 5 | 1zzd 12625 | . . . 4 ⊢ (⊤ → 1 ∈ ℤ) | |
| 6 | eqid 2769 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))) = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))) | |
| 7 | nnnn0 12511 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 𝑛 ∈ ℕ0) | |
| 8 | faccl 14319 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 → (!‘𝑛) ∈ ℕ) | |
| 9 | nnre 12240 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((!‘𝑛) ∈ ℕ → (!‘𝑛) ∈ ℝ) | |
| 10 | 7, 8, 9 | 3syl 19 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (!‘𝑛) ∈ ℝ) |
| 11 | 2re 12315 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ | |
| 12 | 11 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 2 ∈ ℝ) |
| 13 | pire 26585 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ | |
| 14 | 13 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → π ∈ ℝ) |
| 15 | 12, 14 | remulcld 11239 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (2 · π) ∈ ℝ) |
| 16 | nnre 12240 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 𝑛 ∈ ℝ) | |
| 17 | 15, 16 | remulcld 11239 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((2 · π) · 𝑛) ∈ ℝ) |
| 18 | 0re 11210 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ⊢ 0 ∈ ℝ | |
| 19 | 18 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ∈ ℝ) |
| 20 | 2pos 12345 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ⊢ 0 < 2 | |
| 21 | 20 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 < 2) |
| 22 | 19, 12, 21 | ltled 11358 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ≤ 2) |
| 23 | pipos 26589 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ⊢ 0 < π | |
| 24 | 18, 13, 23 | ltleii 11333 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ 0 ≤ π |
| 25 | 24 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ≤ π) |
| 26 | 12, 14, 22, 25 | mulge0d 11791 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ≤ (2 · π)) |
| 27 | 7 | nn0ge0d 12568 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ≤ 𝑛) |
| 28 | 15, 16, 26, 27 | mulge0d 11791 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ≤ ((2 · π) · 𝑛)) |
| 29 | 17, 28 | resqrtcld 15469 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 30 | ere 16143 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ e ∈ ℝ | |
| 31 | 30 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → e ∈ ℝ) |
| 32 | epos 16263 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ 0 < e | |
| 33 | 18, 32 | gtneii 11322 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ e ≠ 0 |
| 34 | 33 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → e ≠ 0) |
| 35 | 16, 31, 34 | redivcld 12043 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (𝑛 / e) ∈ ℝ) |
| 36 | 35, 7 | reexpcld 14199 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛) ∈ ℝ) |
| 37 | 29, 36 | remulcld 11239 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 38 | 1 | fvmpt2 7002 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛)) ∈ ℝ) → (𝑆‘𝑛) = ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛))) |
| 39 | 7, 37, 38 | syl2anc 595 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (𝑆‘𝑛) = ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛))) |
| 40 | 2rp 13021 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ+ | |
| 41 | 40 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 2 ∈ ℝ+) |
| 42 | pirp 26592 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ+ | |
| 43 | 42 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → π ∈ ℝ+) |
| 44 | 41, 43 | rpmulcld 13076 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (2 · π) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 45 | nnrp 13028 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 𝑛 ∈ ℝ+) | |
| 46 | 44, 45 | rpmulcld 13076 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((2 · π) · 𝑛) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 47 | 46 | rpsqrtcld 15463 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 48 | epr 16264 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ e ∈ ℝ+ | |
| 49 | 48 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → e ∈ ℝ+) |
| 50 | 45, 49 | rpdivcld 13077 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (𝑛 / e) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 51 | nnz 12612 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 𝑛 ∈ ℤ) | |
| 52 | 50, 51 | rpexpcld 14283 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 53 | 47, 52 | rpmulcld 13076 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛)) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 54 | 39, 53 | eqeltrd 2869 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (𝑆‘𝑛) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 55 | 10, 54 | rerpdivcld 13091 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 56 | 6, 55 | fmpti 7108 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))):ℕ⟶ℝ |
| 57 | 56 | a1i 11 | . . . 4 ⊢ (⊤ → (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))):ℕ⟶ℝ) |
| 58 | 3, 4, 5, 57 | climreeq 46255 | . . 3 ⊢ (⊤ → ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛)))𝑅1 ↔ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))) ⇝ 1)) |
| 59 | 58 | mptru 1574 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛)))𝑅1 ↔ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))) ⇝ 1) |
| 60 | 2, 59 | mpbir 234 | 1 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛)))𝑅1 |
| Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
| Syntax hints: ↔ wb 209 = wceq 1567 ⊤wtru 1568 ∈ wcel 2149 ≠ wne 2964 class class class wbr 5113 ↦ cmpt 5196 ran crn 5663 ⟶wf 6533 ‘cfv 6537 (class class class)co 7411 ℝcr 11099 0cc0 11100 1c1 11101 · cmul 11105 < clt 11243 ≤ cle 11244 / cdiv 11871 ℕcn 12233 2c2 12295 ℕ0cn0 12504 ℝ+crp 13016 (,)cioo 13372 ↑cexp 14097 !cfa 14309 √csqrt 15284 ⇝ cli 15535 eceu 16116 πcpi 16120 topGenctg 17490 ⇝𝑡clm 23352 |
| This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1822 ax-4 1836 ax-5 1937 ax-6 1994 ax-7 2035 ax-8 2151 ax-9 2159 ax-10 2182 ax-11 2198 ax-12 2219 ax-ext 2741 ax-rep 5242 ax-sep 5261 ax-nul 5271 ax-pow 5337 ax-pr 5405 ax-un 7733 ax-inf2 9610 ax-cc 10419 ax-cnex 11156 ax-resscn 11157 ax-1cn 11158 ax-icn 11159 ax-addcl 11160 ax-addrcl 11161 ax-mulcl 11162 ax-mulrcl 11163 ax-mulcom 11164 ax-addass 11165 ax-mulass 11166 ax-distr 11167 ax-i2m1 11168 ax-1ne0 11169 ax-1rid 11170 ax-rnegex 11171 ax-rrecex 11172 ax-cnre 11173 ax-pre-lttri 11174 ax-pre-lttrn 11175 ax-pre-ltadd 11176 ax-pre-mulgt0 11177 ax-pre-sup 11178 ax-addf 11179 |
| This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 210 df-an 401 df-or 861 df-3or 1102 df-3an 1103 df-tru 1570 df-fal 1580 df-ex 1807 df-nf 1811 df-sb 2098 df-mo 2573 df-eu 2603 df-clab 2748 df-cleq 2761 df-clel 2844 df-nfc 2918 df-ne 2965 df-nel 3071 df-ral 3086 df-rex 3096 df-rmo 3376 df-reu 3377 df-rab 3424 df-v 3465 df-sbc 3754 df-csb 3862 df-dif 3916 df-un 3918 df-in 3920 df-ss 3930 df-pss 3933 df-symdif 4214 df-nul 4295 df-if 4493 df-pw 4569 df-sn 4595 df-pr 4597 df-tp 4599 df-op 4601 df-uni 4877 df-int 4917 df-iun 4962 df-iin 4963 df-disj 5081 df-br 5114 df-opab 5178 df-mpt 5197 df-tr 5223 df-id 5557 df-eprel 5562 df-po 5570 df-so 5571 df-fr 5615 df-se 5616 df-we 5617 df-xp 5668 df-rel 5669 df-cnv 5670 df-co 5671 df-dm 5672 df-rn 5673 df-res 5674 df-ima 5675 df-pred 6303 df-ord 6364 df-on 6365 df-lim 6366 df-suc 6367 df-iota 6493 df-fun 6539 df-fn 6540 df-f 6541 df-f1 6542 df-fo 6543 df-f1o 6544 df-fv 6545 df-isom 6546 df-riota 7368 df-ov 7414 df-oprab 7415 df-mpo 7416 df-of 7675 df-ofr 7676 df-om 7863 df-1st 7986 df-2nd 7987 df-supp 8157 df-frecs 8278 df-wrecs 8309 df-recs 8358 df-rdg 8397 df-1o 8453 df-2o 8454 df-oadd 8457 df-omul 8458 df-er 8694 df-map 8826 df-pm 8827 df-ixp 8896 df-en 8944 df-dom 8945 df-sdom 8946 df-fin 8947 df-fsupp 9322 df-fi 9371 df-sup 9402 df-inf 9403 df-oi 9472 df-dju 9887 df-card 9925 df-acn 9928 df-pnf 11245 df-mnf 11246 df-xr 11247 df-ltxr 11248 df-le 11249 df-sub 11443 df-neg 11444 df-div 11872 df-nn 12234 df-2 12303 df-3 12304 df-4 12305 df-5 12306 df-6 12307 df-7 12308 df-8 12309 df-9 12310 df-n0 12505 df-xnn0 12578 df-z 12592 df-dec 12712 df-uz 12863 df-q 12973 df-rp 13017 df-xneg 13137 df-xadd 13138 df-xmul 13139 df-ioo 13376 df-ioc 13377 df-ico 13378 df-icc 13379 df-fz 13536 df-fzo 13683 df-fl 13825 df-mod 13903 df-seq 14038 df-exp 14098 df-fac 14310 df-bc 14339 df-hash 14367 df-shft 15104 df-cj 15150 df-re 15151 df-im 15152 df-sqrt 15286 df-abs 15287 df-limsup 15522 df-clim 15539 df-rlim 15540 df-sum 15738 df-ef 16121 df-e 16122 df-sin 16123 df-cos 16124 df-tan 16125 df-pi 16126 df-dvds 16311 df-struct 17207 df-sets 17224 df-slot 17242 df-ndx 17254 df-base 17270 df-ress 17291 df-plusg 17323 df-mulr 17324 df-starv 17325 df-sca 17326 df-vsca 17327 df-ip 17328 df-tset 17329 df-ple 17330 df-ds 17332 df-unif 17333 df-hom 17334 df-cco 17335 df-rest 17475 df-topn 17476 df-0g 17494 df-gsum 17495 df-topgen 17496 df-pt 17497 df-prds 17500 df-xrs 17556 df-qtop 17561 df-imas 17562 df-xps 17564 df-mre 17638 df-mrc 17639 df-acs 17641 df-mgm 18698 df-sgrp 18777 df-mnd 18793 df-submnd 18842 df-mulg 19134 df-cntz 19387 df-cmn 19852 df-psmet 21483 df-xmet 21484 df-met 21485 df-bl 21486 df-mopn 21487 df-fbas 21488 df-fg 21489 df-cnfld 21492 df-top 23020 df-topon 23037 df-topsp 23059 df-bases 23072 df-cld 23145 df-ntr 23146 df-cls 23147 df-nei 23224 df-lp 23262 df-perf 23263 df-cn 23353 df-cnp 23354 df-lm 23355 df-haus 23441 df-cmp 23513 df-tx 23688 df-hmeo 23881 df-fil 23972 df-fm 24064 df-flim 24065 df-flf 24066 df-xms 24446 df-ms 24447 df-tms 24448 df-cncf 25006 df-ovol 25592 df-vol 25593 df-mbf 25747 df-itg1 25748 df-itg2 25749 df-ibl 25750 df-itg 25751 df-0p 25798 df-limc 25994 df-dv 25995 df-ulm 26506 df-log 26687 df-cxp 26688 |
| This theorem is referenced by: (None) |
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