| Mathbox for Glauco Siliprandi |
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| Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > Mathboxes > stirlingr | Structured version Visualization version GIF version | ||
| Description: Stirling's approximation formula for 𝑛 factorial: here convergence is expressed with respect to the standard topology on the reals. The main theorem stirling 46060 is proven for convergence in the topology of complex numbers. The variable 𝑅 is used to denote convergence with respect to the standard topology on the reals. (Contributed by Glauco Siliprandi, 29-Jun-2017.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| stirlingr.1 | ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛))) |
| stirlingr.2 | ⊢ 𝑅 = (⇝𝑡‘(topGen‘ran (,))) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| stirlingr | ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛)))𝑅1 |
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stirlingr.1 | . . 3 ⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ↦ ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛))) | |
| 2 | 1 | stirling 46060 | . 2 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))) ⇝ 1 |
| 3 | stirlingr.2 | . . . 4 ⊢ 𝑅 = (⇝𝑡‘(topGen‘ran (,))) | |
| 4 | nnuz 12812 | . . . 4 ⊢ ℕ = (ℤ≥‘1) | |
| 5 | 1zzd 12540 | . . . 4 ⊢ (⊤ → 1 ∈ ℤ) | |
| 6 | eqid 2729 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))) = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))) | |
| 7 | nnnn0 12425 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 𝑛 ∈ ℕ0) | |
| 8 | faccl 14224 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 → (!‘𝑛) ∈ ℕ) | |
| 9 | nnre 12169 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ((!‘𝑛) ∈ ℕ → (!‘𝑛) ∈ ℝ) | |
| 10 | 7, 8, 9 | 3syl 18 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (!‘𝑛) ∈ ℝ) |
| 11 | 2re 12236 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ | |
| 12 | 11 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 2 ∈ ℝ) |
| 13 | pire 26342 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ | |
| 14 | 13 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → π ∈ ℝ) |
| 15 | 12, 14 | remulcld 11180 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (2 · π) ∈ ℝ) |
| 16 | nnre 12169 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 𝑛 ∈ ℝ) | |
| 17 | 15, 16 | remulcld 11180 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((2 · π) · 𝑛) ∈ ℝ) |
| 18 | 0re 11152 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ⊢ 0 ∈ ℝ | |
| 19 | 18 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ∈ ℝ) |
| 20 | 2pos 12265 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ⊢ 0 < 2 | |
| 21 | 20 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 < 2) |
| 22 | 19, 12, 21 | ltled 11298 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ≤ 2) |
| 23 | pipos 26344 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ⊢ 0 < π | |
| 24 | 18, 13, 23 | ltleii 11273 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ 0 ≤ π |
| 25 | 24 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ≤ π) |
| 26 | 12, 14, 22, 25 | mulge0d 11731 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ≤ (2 · π)) |
| 27 | 7 | nn0ge0d 12482 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ≤ 𝑛) |
| 28 | 15, 16, 26, 27 | mulge0d 11731 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 0 ≤ ((2 · π) · 𝑛)) |
| 29 | 17, 28 | resqrtcld 15360 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 30 | ere 16031 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ e ∈ ℝ | |
| 31 | 30 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → e ∈ ℝ) |
| 32 | epos 16151 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ 0 < e | |
| 33 | 18, 32 | gtneii 11262 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ e ≠ 0 |
| 34 | 33 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → e ≠ 0) |
| 35 | 16, 31, 34 | redivcld 11986 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (𝑛 / e) ∈ ℝ) |
| 36 | 35, 7 | reexpcld 14104 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛) ∈ ℝ) |
| 37 | 29, 36 | remulcld 11180 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 38 | 1 | fvmpt2 6961 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛)) ∈ ℝ) → (𝑆‘𝑛) = ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛))) |
| 39 | 7, 37, 38 | syl2anc 584 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (𝑆‘𝑛) = ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛))) |
| 40 | 2rp 12932 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ 2 ∈ ℝ+ | |
| 41 | 40 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 2 ∈ ℝ+) |
| 42 | pirp 26346 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ+ | |
| 43 | 42 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → π ∈ ℝ+) |
| 44 | 41, 43 | rpmulcld 12987 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (2 · π) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 45 | nnrp 12939 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 𝑛 ∈ ℝ+) | |
| 46 | 44, 45 | rpmulcld 12987 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((2 · π) · 𝑛) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 47 | 46 | rpsqrtcld 15354 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 48 | epr 16152 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ e ∈ ℝ+ | |
| 49 | 48 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → e ∈ ℝ+) |
| 50 | 45, 49 | rpdivcld 12988 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (𝑛 / e) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 51 | nnz 12526 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → 𝑛 ∈ ℤ) | |
| 52 | 50, 51 | rpexpcld 14188 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 53 | 47, 52 | rpmulcld 12987 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((√‘((2 · π) · 𝑛)) · ((𝑛 / e)↑𝑛)) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 54 | 39, 53 | eqeltrd 2828 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → (𝑆‘𝑛) ∈ ℝ+) |
| 55 | 10, 54 | rerpdivcld 13002 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ → ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛)) ∈ ℝ) |
| 56 | 6, 55 | fmpti 7066 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))):ℕ⟶ℝ |
| 57 | 56 | a1i 11 | . . . 4 ⊢ (⊤ → (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))):ℕ⟶ℝ) |
| 58 | 3, 4, 5, 57 | climreeq 45584 | . . 3 ⊢ (⊤ → ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛)))𝑅1 ↔ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))) ⇝ 1)) |
| 59 | 58 | mptru 1547 | . 2 ⊢ ((𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛)))𝑅1 ↔ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛))) ⇝ 1) |
| 60 | 2, 59 | mpbir 231 | 1 ⊢ (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((!‘𝑛) / (𝑆‘𝑛)))𝑅1 |
| Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
| Syntax hints: ↔ wb 206 = wceq 1540 ⊤wtru 1541 ∈ wcel 2109 ≠ wne 2925 class class class wbr 5102 ↦ cmpt 5183 ran crn 5632 ⟶wf 6495 ‘cfv 6499 (class class class)co 7369 ℝcr 11043 0cc0 11044 1c1 11045 · cmul 11049 < clt 11184 ≤ cle 11185 / cdiv 11811 ℕcn 12162 2c2 12217 ℕ0cn0 12418 ℝ+crp 12927 (,)cioo 13282 ↑cexp 14002 !cfa 14214 √csqrt 15175 ⇝ cli 15426 eceu 16004 πcpi 16008 topGenctg 17376 ⇝𝑡clm 23089 |
| This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1795 ax-4 1809 ax-5 1910 ax-6 1967 ax-7 2008 ax-8 2111 ax-9 2119 ax-10 2142 ax-11 2158 ax-12 2178 ax-ext 2701 ax-rep 5229 ax-sep 5246 ax-nul 5256 ax-pow 5315 ax-pr 5382 ax-un 7691 ax-inf2 9570 ax-cc 10364 ax-cnex 11100 ax-resscn 11101 ax-1cn 11102 ax-icn 11103 ax-addcl 11104 ax-addrcl 11105 ax-mulcl 11106 ax-mulrcl 11107 ax-mulcom 11108 ax-addass 11109 ax-mulass 11110 ax-distr 11111 ax-i2m1 11112 ax-1ne0 11113 ax-1rid 11114 ax-rnegex 11115 ax-rrecex 11116 ax-cnre 11117 ax-pre-lttri 11118 ax-pre-lttrn 11119 ax-pre-ltadd 11120 ax-pre-mulgt0 11121 ax-pre-sup 11122 ax-addf 11123 |
| This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 207 df-an 396 df-or 848 df-3or 1087 df-3an 1088 df-tru 1543 df-fal 1553 df-ex 1780 df-nf 1784 df-sb 2066 df-mo 2533 df-eu 2562 df-clab 2708 df-cleq 2721 df-clel 2803 df-nfc 2878 df-ne 2926 df-nel 3030 df-ral 3045 df-rex 3054 df-rmo 3351 df-reu 3352 df-rab 3403 df-v 3446 df-sbc 3751 df-csb 3860 df-dif 3914 df-un 3916 df-in 3918 df-ss 3928 df-pss 3931 df-symdif 4212 df-nul 4293 df-if 4485 df-pw 4561 df-sn 4586 df-pr 4588 df-tp 4590 df-op 4592 df-uni 4868 df-int 4907 df-iun 4953 df-iin 4954 df-disj 5070 df-br 5103 df-opab 5165 df-mpt 5184 df-tr 5210 df-id 5526 df-eprel 5531 df-po 5539 df-so 5540 df-fr 5584 df-se 5585 df-we 5586 df-xp 5637 df-rel 5638 df-cnv 5639 df-co 5640 df-dm 5641 df-rn 5642 df-res 5643 df-ima 5644 df-pred 6262 df-ord 6323 df-on 6324 df-lim 6325 df-suc 6326 df-iota 6452 df-fun 6501 df-fn 6502 df-f 6503 df-f1 6504 df-fo 6505 df-f1o 6506 df-fv 6507 df-isom 6508 df-riota 7326 df-ov 7372 df-oprab 7373 df-mpo 7374 df-of 7633 df-ofr 7634 df-om 7823 df-1st 7947 df-2nd 7948 df-supp 8117 df-frecs 8237 df-wrecs 8268 df-recs 8317 df-rdg 8355 df-1o 8411 df-2o 8412 df-oadd 8415 df-omul 8416 df-er 8648 df-map 8778 df-pm 8779 df-ixp 8848 df-en 8896 df-dom 8897 df-sdom 8898 df-fin 8899 df-fsupp 9289 df-fi 9338 df-sup 9369 df-inf 9370 df-oi 9439 df-dju 9830 df-card 9868 df-acn 9871 df-pnf 11186 df-mnf 11187 df-xr 11188 df-ltxr 11189 df-le 11190 df-sub 11383 df-neg 11384 df-div 11812 df-nn 12163 df-2 12225 df-3 12226 df-4 12227 df-5 12228 df-6 12229 df-7 12230 df-8 12231 df-9 12232 df-n0 12419 df-xnn0 12492 df-z 12506 df-dec 12626 df-uz 12770 df-q 12884 df-rp 12928 df-xneg 13048 df-xadd 13049 df-xmul 13050 df-ioo 13286 df-ioc 13287 df-ico 13288 df-icc 13289 df-fz 13445 df-fzo 13592 df-fl 13730 df-mod 13808 df-seq 13943 df-exp 14003 df-fac 14215 df-bc 14244 df-hash 14272 df-shft 15009 df-cj 15041 df-re 15042 df-im 15043 df-sqrt 15177 df-abs 15178 df-limsup 15413 df-clim 15430 df-rlim 15431 df-sum 15629 df-ef 16009 df-e 16010 df-sin 16011 df-cos 16012 df-tan 16013 df-pi 16014 df-dvds 16199 df-struct 17093 df-sets 17110 df-slot 17128 df-ndx 17140 df-base 17156 df-ress 17177 df-plusg 17209 df-mulr 17210 df-starv 17211 df-sca 17212 df-vsca 17213 df-ip 17214 df-tset 17215 df-ple 17216 df-ds 17218 df-unif 17219 df-hom 17220 df-cco 17221 df-rest 17361 df-topn 17362 df-0g 17380 df-gsum 17381 df-topgen 17382 df-pt 17383 df-prds 17386 df-xrs 17441 df-qtop 17446 df-imas 17447 df-xps 17449 df-mre 17523 df-mrc 17524 df-acs 17526 df-mgm 18543 df-sgrp 18622 df-mnd 18638 df-submnd 18687 df-mulg 18976 df-cntz 19225 df-cmn 19688 df-psmet 21232 df-xmet 21233 df-met 21234 df-bl 21235 df-mopn 21236 df-fbas 21237 df-fg 21238 df-cnfld 21241 df-top 22757 df-topon 22774 df-topsp 22796 df-bases 22809 df-cld 22882 df-ntr 22883 df-cls 22884 df-nei 22961 df-lp 22999 df-perf 23000 df-cn 23090 df-cnp 23091 df-lm 23092 df-haus 23178 df-cmp 23250 df-tx 23425 df-hmeo 23618 df-fil 23709 df-fm 23801 df-flim 23802 df-flf 23803 df-xms 24184 df-ms 24185 df-tms 24186 df-cncf 24747 df-ovol 25341 df-vol 25342 df-mbf 25496 df-itg1 25497 df-itg2 25498 df-ibl 25499 df-itg 25500 df-0p 25547 df-limc 25743 df-dv 25744 df-ulm 26262 df-log 26441 df-cxp 26442 |
| This theorem is referenced by: (None) |
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