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| Mirrors > Home > MPE Home > Th. List > Mathboxes > cos9thpinconstr | Structured version Visualization version GIF version | ||
| Description: Trisecting an angle is an impossible construction. Given for example 𝑂 = (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) / 3)), which represents an angle of ((2 · π) / 3), the cube root of 𝑂 is not constructible with straightedge and compass, while 𝑂 itself is constructible. This is the second part of Metamath 100 proof #8. Theorem 7.14 of [Stewart] p. 99. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux and Saveliy Skresanov, 15-Nov-2025.) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| cos9thpinconstr.1 | ⊢ 𝑂 = (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) / 3)) |
| cos9thpiminply.2 | ⊢ 𝑍 = (𝑂↑𝑐(1 / 3)) |
| Ref | Expression |
|---|---|
| cos9thpinconstr | ⊢ (𝑂 ∈ Constr ∧ 𝑍 ∉ Constr) |
| Step | Hyp | Ref | Expression |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cos9thpinconstr.1 | . . 3 ⊢ 𝑂 = (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) / 3)) | |
| 2 | 1 | cos9thpinconstrlem1 34504 | . 2 ⊢ 𝑂 ∈ Constr |
| 3 | cos9thpiminply.2 | . . . . 5 ⊢ 𝑍 = (𝑂↑𝑐(1 / 3)) | |
| 4 | eqid 2763 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑍 + (1 / 𝑍)) = (𝑍 + (1 / 𝑍)) | |
| 5 | 1, 3, 4 | cos9thpinconstrlem2 34505 | . . . 4 ⊢ ¬ (𝑍 + (1 / 𝑍)) ∈ Constr |
| 6 | id 23 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → 𝑍 ∈ Constr) | |
| 7 | 3 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → 𝑍 = (𝑂↑𝑐(1 / 3))) |
| 8 | ax-icn 11289 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ i ∈ ℂ | |
| 9 | 8 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → i ∈ ℂ) |
| 10 | 2cnd 12451 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → 2 ∈ ℂ) | |
| 11 | picn 26818 | . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ⊢ π ∈ ℂ | |
| 12 | 11 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → π ∈ ℂ) |
| 13 | 10, 12 | mulcld 11359 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → (2 · π) ∈ ℂ) |
| 14 | 9, 13 | mulcld 11359 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → (i · (2 · π)) ∈ ℂ) |
| 15 | 3cn 12454 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ 3 ∈ ℂ | |
| 16 | 15 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → 3 ∈ ℂ) |
| 17 | 3ne0 12482 | . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ⊢ 3 ≠ 0 | |
| 18 | 17 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . . . 11 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → 3 ≠ 0) |
| 19 | 14, 16, 18 | divcld 12123 | . . . . . . . . . 10 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → ((i · (2 · π)) / 3) ∈ ℂ) |
| 20 | 19 | efcld 16281 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) / 3)) ∈ ℂ) |
| 21 | 1, 20 | eqeltrid 2868 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → 𝑂 ∈ ℂ) |
| 22 | 1 | a1i 11 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → 𝑂 = (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) / 3))) |
| 23 | 19 | efne0d 16295 | . . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → (exp‘((i · (2 · π)) / 3)) ≠ 0) |
| 24 | 22, 23 | eqnetrd 3026 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → 𝑂 ≠ 0) |
| 25 | 16, 18 | reccld 12116 | . . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → (1 / 3) ∈ ℂ) |
| 26 | 21, 24, 25 | cxpne0d 27074 | . . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → (𝑂↑𝑐(1 / 3)) ≠ 0) |
| 27 | 7, 26 | eqnetrd 3026 | . . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → 𝑍 ≠ 0) |
| 28 | 6, 27 | constrinvcl 34488 | . . . . 5 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → (1 / 𝑍) ∈ Constr) |
| 29 | 6, 28 | constraddcl 34477 | . . . 4 ⊢ (𝑍 ∈ Constr → (𝑍 + (1 / 𝑍)) ∈ Constr) |
| 30 | 5, 29 | mto 200 | . . 3 ⊢ ¬ 𝑍 ∈ Constr |
| 31 | 30 | nelir 3068 | . 2 ⊢ 𝑍 ∉ Constr |
| 32 | 2, 31 | pm3.2i 476 | 1 ⊢ (𝑂 ∈ Constr ∧ 𝑍 ∉ Constr) |
| Colors of variables: wff setvar class |
| This proof depends on syntax axioms: ∧ wa 401 = wceq 1570 ∈ wcel 2147 ≠ wne 2959 ∉ wnel 3065 ‘cfv 6561 (class class class)co 7446 ℂcc 11228 0cc0 11230 1c1 11231 ici 11232 + caddc 11233 · cmul 11235 / cdiv 12003 2c2 12427 3c3 12428 expce 16259 πcpi 16264 ↑𝑐ccxp 26916 Constrcconstr 34444 |
| This proof depends on axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1828 ax-4 1842 ax-5 1945 ax-6 2002 ax-7 2043 ax-8 2149 ax-9 2157 ax-10 2180 ax-11 2197 ax-12 2216 ax-ext 2735 ax-rep 5236 ax-sep 5253 ax-nul 5264 ax-pow 5332 ax-pr 5396 ax-un 7778 ax-inf2 9672 ax-ac2 10571 ax-cnex 11286 ax-resscn 11287 ax-1cn 11288 ax-icn 11289 ax-addcl 11290 ax-addrcl 11291 ax-mulcl 11292 ax-mulrcl 11293 ax-mulcom 11294 ax-addass 11295 ax-mulass 11296 ax-distr 11297 ax-i2m1 11298 ax-1ne0 11299 ax-1rid 11300 ax-rnegex 11301 ax-rrecex 11302 ax-cnre 11303 ax-pre-lttri 11304 ax-pre-lttrn 11305 ax-pre-ltadd 11306 ax-pre-mulgt0 11307 ax-pre-sup 11308 ax-addf 11309 ax-mulf 11310 |
| This proof depends on definitions: df-bi 210 df-an 402 df-or 862 df-3or 1104 df-3an 1105 df-tru 1573 df-fal 1583 df-ex 1813 df-nf 1817 df-sb 2102 df-mo 2567 df-eu 2597 df-clab 2742 df-cleq 2755 df-clel 2839 df-nfc 2913 df-ne 2960 df-nel 3066 df-ral 3081 df-rex 3091 df-rmo 3369 df-reu 3370 df-rab 3417 df-v 3456 df-sbc 3743 df-csb 3852 df-ss 3901 df-pss 4017 df-dif 4050 df-in 4094 df-un 4154 df-nul 4282 df-if 4486 df-pw 4562 df-sn 4589 df-pr 4591 df-tp 4593 df-op 4839 df-uni 4871 df-int 4911 df-iun 4956 df-iin 4957 df-br 5107 df-opab 5172 df-mpt 5191 df-tr 5217 df-id 5551 df-eprel 5556 df-po 5564 df-so 5565 df-fr 5609 df-se 5610 df-we 5611 df-xp 5662 df-rel 5663 df-cnv 5664 df-co 5665 df-dm 5666 df-rn 5667 df-res 5668 df-ima 5669 df-pred 6325 df-ord 6386 df-on 6387 df-lim 6388 df-suc 6389 df-iota 6515 df-fun 6563 df-fn 6564 df-f 6565 df-f1 6566 df-fo 6567 df-f1o 6568 df-fv 6569 df-isom 6570 df-riota 7403 df-ov 7449 df-oprab 7450 df-mpo 7451 df-of 7720 df-ofr 7721 df-rpss 7766 df-om 7905 df-1st 8028 df-2nd 8029 df-supp 8208 df-tpos 8274 df-frecs 8330 df-wrecs 8361 df-recs 8410 df-rdg 8449 df-1o 8507 df-2o 8508 df-oadd 8511 df-er 8748 df-ec 8750 df-qs 8754 df-map 8880 df-pm 8881 df-ixp 8957 df-en 9005 df-dom 9006 df-sdom 9007 df-fin 9008 df-fsupp 9385 df-fi 9433 df-sup 9464 df-inf 9465 df-oi 9534 df-dju 10012 df-card 10050 df-acn 10053 df-ac 10225 df-pnf 11375 df-mnf 11376 df-xr 11377 df-ltxr 11378 df-le 11379 df-sub 11573 df-neg 11574 df-div 12004 df-nn 12366 df-2 12435 df-3 12436 df-4 12437 df-5 12438 df-6 12439 df-7 12440 df-8 12441 df-9 12442 df-n0 12637 df-xnn0 12710 df-z 12724 df-dec 12845 df-uz 12996 df-q 13106 df-rp 13151 df-xneg 13271 df-xadd 13272 df-xmul 13273 df-ioo 13510 df-ioc 13511 df-ico 13512 df-icc 13513 df-fz 13670 df-fzo 13819 df-fl 13962 df-mod 14040 df-seq 14175 df-exp 14235 df-fac 14448 df-bc 14477 df-hash 14505 df-word 14689 df-lsw 14738 df-concat 14746 df-s1 14773 df-substr 14820 df-pfx 14852 df-shft 15252 df-sgn 15272 df-cj 15298 df-re 15299 df-im 15300 df-sqrt 15434 df-abs 15435 df-limsup 15670 df-clim 15687 df-rlim 15688 df-sum 15886 df-ef 16265 df-sin 16267 df-cos 16268 df-pi 16270 df-dvds 16455 df-gcd 16697 df-prm 16879 df-pc 17047 df-struct 17357 df-sets 17374 df-slot 17392 df-ndx 17404 df-base 17420 df-ress 17441 df-plusg 17473 df-mulr 17474 df-starv 17475 df-sca 17476 df-vsca 17477 df-ip 17478 df-tset 17479 df-ple 17480 df-ocomp 17481 df-ds 17482 df-unif 17483 df-hom 17484 df-cco 17485 df-rest 17625 df-topn 17626 df-0g 17644 df-gsum 17645 df-topgen 17646 df-pt 17647 df-prds 17650 df-pws 17652 df-xrs 17706 df-qtop 17711 df-imas 17712 df-qus 17713 df-xps 17714 df-mre 17788 df-mrc 17789 df-mri 17790 df-acs 17791 df-proset 18500 df-drs 18501 df-poset 18519 df-ipo 18734 df-chn 18812 df-mgm 18848 df-sgrp 18940 df-mnd 18956 df-mhm 19010 df-submnd 19011 df-grp 19179 df-minusg 19180 df-sbg 19181 df-mulg 19310 df-subg 19365 df-nsg 19366 df-eqg 19367 df-ghm 19460 df-gim 19505 df-cntz 19564 df-oppg 19593 df-lsm 19883 df-cmn 20029 df-abl 20030 df-mgp 20394 df-rng 20408 df-ur 20441 df-srg 20446 df-ring 20494 df-cring 20495 df-oppr 20600 df-dvdsr 20620 df-unit 20621 df-irred 20622 df-invr 20651 df-dvr 20664 df-rhm 20735 df-nzr 20796 df-subrng 20831 df-subrg 20855 df-rlreg 20979 df-domn 20980 df-idom 20981 df-drng 21015 df-field 21016 df-sdrg 21077 df-lmod 21170 df-lss 21240 df-lsp 21280 df-lmhm 21330 df-lmim 21331 df-lmic 21332 df-lbs 21383 df-lvec 21411 df-sra 21481 df-rgmod 21482 df-lidl 21519 df-rsp 21520 df-2idl 21576 df-lpidl 21679 df-lpir 21680 df-pid 21694 df-psmet 21703 df-xmet 21704 df-met 21705 df-bl 21706 df-mopn 21707 df-fbas 21708 df-fg 21709 df-cnfld 21712 df-dsmm 22071 df-frlm 22086 df-uvc 22122 df-lindf 22145 df-linds 22146 df-assa 22194 df-asp 22195 df-ascl 22196 df-psr 22250 df-mvr 22251 df-mpl 22252 df-opsr 22254 df-evls 22416 df-evl 22417 df-psr1 22531 df-vr1 22532 df-ply1 22533 df-coe1 22534 df-evls1 22666 df-evl1 22667 df-top 23245 df-topon 23262 df-topsp 23284 df-bases 23297 df-cld 23370 df-ntr 23371 df-cls 23372 df-nei 23449 df-lp 23487 df-perf 23488 df-cn 23578 df-cnp 23579 df-haus 23666 df-tx 23914 df-hmeo 24107 df-fil 24198 df-fm 24290 df-flim 24291 df-flf 24292 df-xms 24672 df-ms 24673 df-tms 24674 df-cncf 25232 df-limc 26219 df-dv 26220 df-mdeg 26406 df-deg1 26407 df-mon1 26482 df-uc1p 26483 df-q1p 26484 df-r1p 26485 df-ig1p 26486 df-log 26917 df-cxp 26918 df-fldgen 33957 df-mxidl 34069 df-dim 34315 df-fldext 34356 df-extdg 34357 df-irng 34399 df-minply 34415 df-constr 34445 |
| This theorem is used by: trisecnconstr 34507 |
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