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Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer - 33701-33800   *Has distinct variable group(s)
TypeLabelDescription
Statement
 
Theoremnnuni 33701 The union of a finite ordinal is a finite ordinal. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 17-Oct-2024.)
(𝐴 ∈ ω → 𝐴 ∈ ω)
 
20.9.5  Properties of real and complex numbers
 
Theoremsqdivzi 33702 Distribution of square over division. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 7-Jun-2013.)
𝐴 ∈ ℂ    &   𝐵 ∈ ℂ       (𝐵 ≠ 0 → ((𝐴 / 𝐵)↑2) = ((𝐴↑2) / (𝐵↑2)))
 
Theoremsupfz 33703 The supremum of a finite sequence of integers. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 8-Aug-2013.)
(𝑁 ∈ (ℤ𝑀) → sup((𝑀...𝑁), ℤ, < ) = 𝑁)
 
Theoreminffz 33704 The infimum of a finite sequence of integers. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 8-Aug-2013.) (Revised by AV, 10-Oct-2021.)
(𝑁 ∈ (ℤ𝑀) → inf((𝑀...𝑁), ℤ, < ) = 𝑀)
 
Theoremfz0n 33705 The sequence (0...(𝑁 − 1)) is empty iff 𝑁 is zero. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 16-May-2014.)
(𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → ((0...(𝑁 − 1)) = ∅ ↔ 𝑁 = 0))
 
Theoremshftvalg 33706 Value of a sequence shifted by 𝐴. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 16-Dec-2017.)
((𝐹𝑉𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ) → ((𝐹 shift 𝐴)‘𝐵) = (𝐹‘(𝐵𝐴)))
 
Theoremdivcnvlin 33707* Limit of the ratio of two linear functions. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 17-Dec-2017.)
𝑍 = (ℤ𝑀)    &   (𝜑𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   (𝜑𝐴 ∈ ℂ)    &   (𝜑𝐵 ∈ ℤ)    &   (𝜑𝐹𝑉)    &   ((𝜑𝑘𝑍) → (𝐹𝑘) = ((𝑘 + 𝐴) / (𝑘 + 𝐵)))       (𝜑𝐹 ⇝ 1)
 
Theoremclimlec3 33708* Comparison of a constant to the limit of a sequence. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 5-Jan-2018.)
𝑍 = (ℤ𝑀)    &   (𝜑𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   (𝜑𝐵 ∈ ℝ)    &   (𝜑𝐹𝐴)    &   ((𝜑𝑘𝑍) → (𝐹𝑘) ∈ ℝ)    &   ((𝜑𝑘𝑍) → (𝐹𝑘) ≤ 𝐵)       (𝜑𝐴𝐵)
 
Theoremlogi 33709 Calculate the logarithm of i. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Apr-2020.)
(log‘i) = (i · (π / 2))
 
Theoremiexpire 33710 i raised to itself is real. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Apr-2020.)
(i↑𝑐i) ∈ ℝ
 
Theorembcneg1 33711 The binomial coefficent over negative one is zero. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 29-May-2020.)
(𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 → (𝑁C-1) = 0)
 
Theorembcm1nt 33712 The proportion of one bionmial coefficient to another with 𝑁 decreased by 1. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 23-Jun-2020.)
((𝑁 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝐾 ∈ (0...(𝑁 − 1))) → (𝑁C𝐾) = (((𝑁 − 1)C𝐾) · (𝑁 / (𝑁𝐾))))
 
Theorembcprod 33713* A product identity for binomial coefficents. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 23-Jun-2020.)
(𝑁 ∈ ℕ → ∏𝑘 ∈ (1...(𝑁 − 1))((𝑁 − 1)C𝑘) = ∏𝑘 ∈ (1...(𝑁 − 1))(𝑘↑((2 · 𝑘) − 𝑁)))
 
Theorembccolsum 33714* A column-sum rule for binomial coefficents. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 24-Jun-2020.)
((𝑁 ∈ ℕ0𝐶 ∈ ℕ0) → Σ𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁)(𝑘C𝐶) = ((𝑁 + 1)C(𝐶 + 1)))
 
20.9.6  Infinite products
 
Theoremiprodefisumlem 33715 Lemma for iprodefisum 33716. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 11-Feb-2018.)
𝑍 = (ℤ𝑀)    &   (𝜑𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   (𝜑𝐹:𝑍⟶ℂ)       (𝜑 → seq𝑀( · , (exp ∘ 𝐹)) = (exp ∘ seq𝑀( + , 𝐹)))
 
Theoremiprodefisum 33716* Applying the exponential function to an infinite sum yields an infinite product. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 11-Feb-2018.)
𝑍 = (ℤ𝑀)    &   (𝜑𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   ((𝜑𝑘𝑍) → (𝐹𝑘) = 𝐵)    &   ((𝜑𝑘𝑍) → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ)    &   (𝜑 → seq𝑀( + , 𝐹) ∈ dom ⇝ )       (𝜑 → ∏𝑘𝑍 (exp‘𝐵) = (exp‘Σ𝑘𝑍 𝐵))
 
Theoremiprodgam 33717* An infinite product version of Euler's gamma function. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 12-Feb-2018.)
(𝜑𝐴 ∈ (ℂ ∖ (ℤ ∖ ℕ)))       (𝜑 → (Γ‘𝐴) = (∏𝑘 ∈ ℕ (((1 + (1 / 𝑘))↑𝑐𝐴) / (1 + (𝐴 / 𝑘))) / 𝐴))
 
20.9.7  Factorial limits
 
Theoremfaclimlem1 33718* Lemma for faclim 33721. Closed form for a particular sequence. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 15-Dec-2017.)
(𝑀 ∈ ℕ0 → seq1( · , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (((1 + (𝑀 / 𝑛)) · (1 + (1 / 𝑛))) / (1 + ((𝑀 + 1) / 𝑛))))) = (𝑥 ∈ ℕ ↦ ((𝑀 + 1) · ((𝑥 + 1) / (𝑥 + (𝑀 + 1))))))
 
Theoremfaclimlem2 33719* Lemma for faclim 33721. Show a limit for the inductive step. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 15-Dec-2017.)
(𝑀 ∈ ℕ0 → seq1( · , (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (((1 + (𝑀 / 𝑛)) · (1 + (1 / 𝑛))) / (1 + ((𝑀 + 1) / 𝑛))))) ⇝ (𝑀 + 1))
 
Theoremfaclimlem3 33720 Lemma for faclim 33721. Algebraic manipulation for the final induction. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 15-Dec-2017.)
((𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝐵 ∈ ℕ) → (((1 + (1 / 𝐵))↑(𝑀 + 1)) / (1 + ((𝑀 + 1) / 𝐵))) = ((((1 + (1 / 𝐵))↑𝑀) / (1 + (𝑀 / 𝐵))) · (((1 + (𝑀 / 𝐵)) · (1 + (1 / 𝐵))) / (1 + ((𝑀 + 1) / 𝐵)))))
 
Theoremfaclim 33721* An infinite product expression relating to factorials. Originally due to Euler. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 22-Nov-2017.)
𝐹 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (((1 + (1 / 𝑛))↑𝐴) / (1 + (𝐴 / 𝑛))))       (𝐴 ∈ ℕ0 → seq1( · , 𝐹) ⇝ (!‘𝐴))
 
Theoremiprodfac 33722* An infinite product expression for factorial. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 15-Dec-2017.)
(𝐴 ∈ ℕ0 → (!‘𝐴) = ∏𝑘 ∈ ℕ (((1 + (1 / 𝑘))↑𝐴) / (1 + (𝐴 / 𝑘))))
 
Theoremfaclim2 33723* Another factorial limit due to Euler. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 17-Dec-2017.)
𝐹 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (((!‘𝑛) · ((𝑛 + 1)↑𝑀)) / (!‘(𝑛 + 𝑀))))       (𝑀 ∈ ℕ0𝐹 ⇝ 1)
 
20.9.8  Greatest common divisor and divisibility
 
Theoremgcd32 33724 Swap the second and third arguments of a gcd. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 8-Apr-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Apr-2014.)
((𝐴 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝐴 gcd 𝐵) gcd 𝐶) = ((𝐴 gcd 𝐶) gcd 𝐵))
 
Theoremgcdabsorb 33725 Absorption law for gcd. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 8-Apr-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Apr-2014.)
((𝐴 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝐴 gcd 𝐵) gcd 𝐵) = (𝐴 gcd 𝐵))
 
20.9.9  Properties of relationships
 
Theorembrtp 33726 A condition for a binary relation over an unordered triple. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 8-Jun-2011.)
𝑋 ∈ V    &   𝑌 ∈ V       (𝑋{⟨𝐴, 𝐵⟩, ⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩, ⟨𝐸, 𝐹⟩}𝑌 ↔ ((𝑋 = 𝐴𝑌 = 𝐵) ∨ (𝑋 = 𝐶𝑌 = 𝐷) ∨ (𝑋 = 𝐸𝑌 = 𝐹)))
 
Theoremdftr6 33727 A potential definition of transitivity for sets. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 18-Mar-2012.)
𝐴 ∈ V       (Tr 𝐴𝐴 ∈ (V ∖ ran (( E ∘ E ) ∖ E )))
 
Theoremcoep 33728* Composition with the membership relation. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 18-Feb-2013.)
𝐴 ∈ V    &   𝐵 ∈ V       (𝐴( E ∘ 𝑅)𝐵 ↔ ∃𝑥𝐵 𝐴𝑅𝑥)
 
Theoremcoepr 33729* Composition with the converse membership relation. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 18-Feb-2013.)
𝐴 ∈ V    &   𝐵 ∈ V       (𝐴(𝑅 E )𝐵 ↔ ∃𝑥𝐴 𝑥𝑅𝐵)
 
Theoremdffr5 33730 A quantifier-free definition of a well-founded relationship. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 11-Apr-2011.)
(𝑅 Fr 𝐴 ↔ (𝒫 𝐴 ∖ {∅}) ⊆ ran ( E ∖ ( E ∘ 𝑅)))
 
Theoremdfso2 33731 Quantifier-free definition of a strict order. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 22-Feb-2013.)
(𝑅 Or 𝐴 ↔ (𝑅 Po 𝐴 ∧ (𝐴 × 𝐴) ⊆ (𝑅 ∪ ( I ∪ 𝑅))))
 
Theorembr8 33732* Substitution for an eight-place predicate. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 26-Sep-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-May-2015.)
(𝑎 = 𝐴 → (𝜑𝜓))    &   (𝑏 = 𝐵 → (𝜓𝜒))    &   (𝑐 = 𝐶 → (𝜒𝜃))    &   (𝑑 = 𝐷 → (𝜃𝜏))    &   (𝑒 = 𝐸 → (𝜏𝜂))    &   (𝑓 = 𝐹 → (𝜂𝜁))    &   (𝑔 = 𝐺 → (𝜁𝜎))    &   ( = 𝐻 → (𝜎𝜌))    &   (𝑥 = 𝑋𝑃 = 𝑄)    &   𝑅 = {⟨𝑝, 𝑞⟩ ∣ ∃𝑥𝑆𝑎𝑃𝑏𝑃𝑐𝑃𝑑𝑃𝑒𝑃𝑓𝑃𝑔𝑃𝑃 (𝑝 = ⟨⟨𝑎, 𝑏⟩, ⟨𝑐, 𝑑⟩⟩ ∧ 𝑞 = ⟨⟨𝑒, 𝑓⟩, ⟨𝑔, ⟩⟩ ∧ 𝜑)}       (((𝑋𝑆𝐴𝑄𝐵𝑄) ∧ (𝐶𝑄𝐷𝑄𝐸𝑄) ∧ (𝐹𝑄𝐺𝑄𝐻𝑄)) → (⟨⟨𝐴, 𝐵⟩, ⟨𝐶, 𝐷⟩⟩𝑅⟨⟨𝐸, 𝐹⟩, ⟨𝐺, 𝐻⟩⟩ ↔ 𝜌))
 
Theorembr6 33733* Substitution for a six-place predicate. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 4-Oct-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-May-2015.)
(𝑎 = 𝐴 → (𝜑𝜓))    &   (𝑏 = 𝐵 → (𝜓𝜒))    &   (𝑐 = 𝐶 → (𝜒𝜃))    &   (𝑑 = 𝐷 → (𝜃𝜏))    &   (𝑒 = 𝐸 → (𝜏𝜂))    &   (𝑓 = 𝐹 → (𝜂𝜁))    &   (𝑥 = 𝑋𝑃 = 𝑄)    &   𝑅 = {⟨𝑝, 𝑞⟩ ∣ ∃𝑥𝑆𝑎𝑃𝑏𝑃𝑐𝑃𝑑𝑃𝑒𝑃𝑓𝑃 (𝑝 = ⟨𝑎, ⟨𝑏, 𝑐⟩⟩ ∧ 𝑞 = ⟨𝑑, ⟨𝑒, 𝑓⟩⟩ ∧ 𝜑)}       ((𝑋𝑆 ∧ (𝐴𝑄𝐵𝑄𝐶𝑄) ∧ (𝐷𝑄𝐸𝑄𝐹𝑄)) → (⟨𝐴, ⟨𝐵, 𝐶⟩⟩𝑅𝐷, ⟨𝐸, 𝐹⟩⟩ ↔ 𝜁))
 
Theorembr4 33734* Substitution for a four-place predicate. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 9-Oct-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 14-Oct-2013.)
(𝑎 = 𝐴 → (𝜑𝜓))    &   (𝑏 = 𝐵 → (𝜓𝜒))    &   (𝑐 = 𝐶 → (𝜒𝜃))    &   (𝑑 = 𝐷 → (𝜃𝜏))    &   (𝑥 = 𝑋𝑃 = 𝑄)    &   𝑅 = {⟨𝑝, 𝑞⟩ ∣ ∃𝑥𝑆𝑎𝑃𝑏𝑃𝑐𝑃𝑑𝑃 (𝑝 = ⟨𝑎, 𝑏⟩ ∧ 𝑞 = ⟨𝑐, 𝑑⟩ ∧ 𝜑)}       ((𝑋𝑆 ∧ (𝐴𝑄𝐵𝑄) ∧ (𝐶𝑄𝐷𝑄)) → (⟨𝐴, 𝐵𝑅𝐶, 𝐷⟩ ↔ 𝜏))
 
Theoremcnvco1 33735 Another distributive law of converse over class composition. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 3-May-2014.)
(𝐴𝐵) = (𝐵𝐴)
 
Theoremcnvco2 33736 Another distributive law of converse over class composition. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 3-May-2014.)
(𝐴𝐵) = (𝐵𝐴)
 
Theoremeldm3 33737 Quantifier-free definition of membership in a domain. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 21-Jan-2017.)
(𝐴 ∈ dom 𝐵 ↔ (𝐵 ↾ {𝐴}) ≠ ∅)
 
Theoremelrn3 33738 Quantifier-free definition of membership in a range. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 21-Jan-2017.)
(𝐴 ∈ ran 𝐵 ↔ (𝐵 ∩ (V × {𝐴})) ≠ ∅)
 
Theorempocnv 33739 The converse of a partial ordering is still a partial ordering. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Jun-2018.)
(𝑅 Po 𝐴𝑅 Po 𝐴)
 
Theoremsocnv 33740 The converse of a strict ordering is still a strict ordering. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Jun-2018.)
(𝑅 Or 𝐴𝑅 Or 𝐴)
 
Theoremsotrd 33741 Transitivity law for strict orderings, deduction form. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 24-Nov-2021.)
(𝜑𝑅 Or 𝐴)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐴)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐴)    &   (𝜑𝑍𝐴)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝑅𝑌)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝑅𝑍)       (𝜑𝑋𝑅𝑍)
 
Theoremsotr3 33742 Transitivity law for strict orderings. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 24-Nov-2021.)
((𝑅 Or 𝐴 ∧ (𝑋𝐴𝑌𝐴𝑍𝐴)) → ((𝑋𝑅𝑌 ∧ ¬ 𝑍𝑅𝑌) → 𝑋𝑅𝑍))
 
Theoremsotrine 33743 Trichotomy law for strict orderings. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 8-Dec-2021.)
((𝑅 Or 𝐴 ∧ (𝐵𝐴𝐶𝐴)) → (𝐵𝐶 ↔ (𝐵𝑅𝐶𝐶𝑅𝐵)))
 
Theoremeqfunresadj 33744 Law for adjoining an element to restrictions of functions. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 6-Dec-2021.)
(((Fun 𝐹 ∧ Fun 𝐺) ∧ (𝐹𝑋) = (𝐺𝑋) ∧ (𝑌 ∈ dom 𝐹𝑌 ∈ dom 𝐺 ∧ (𝐹𝑌) = (𝐺𝑌))) → (𝐹 ↾ (𝑋 ∪ {𝑌})) = (𝐺 ↾ (𝑋 ∪ {𝑌})))
 
Theoremeqfunressuc 33745 Law for equality of restriction to successors. This is primarily useful when 𝑋 is an ordinal, but it does not require that. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 6-Dec-2021.)
(((Fun 𝐹 ∧ Fun 𝐺) ∧ (𝐹𝑋) = (𝐺𝑋) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ dom 𝐹𝑋 ∈ dom 𝐺 ∧ (𝐹𝑋) = (𝐺𝑋))) → (𝐹 ↾ suc 𝑋) = (𝐺 ↾ suc 𝑋))
 
Theoremfuneldmb 33746 If is not part of the range of a function 𝐹, then 𝐴 is in the domain of 𝐹 iff (𝐹𝐴) ≠ ∅. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 7-Dec-2021.)
((Fun 𝐹 ∧ ¬ ∅ ∈ ran 𝐹) → (𝐴 ∈ dom 𝐹 ↔ (𝐹𝐴) ≠ ∅))
 
Theoremelintfv 33747* Membership in an intersection of function values. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 9-Dec-2021.)
𝑋 ∈ V       ((𝐹 Fn 𝐴𝐵𝐴) → (𝑋 (𝐹𝐵) ↔ ∀𝑦𝐵 𝑋 ∈ (𝐹𝑦)))
 
20.9.10  Properties of functions and mappings
 
Theoremfunpsstri 33748 A condition for subset trichotomy for functions. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 19-Apr-2011.)
((Fun 𝐻 ∧ (𝐹𝐻𝐺𝐻) ∧ (dom 𝐹 ⊆ dom 𝐺 ∨ dom 𝐺 ⊆ dom 𝐹)) → (𝐹𝐺𝐹 = 𝐺𝐺𝐹))
 
Theoremfundmpss 33749 If a class 𝐹 is a proper subset of a function 𝐺, then dom 𝐹 ⊊ dom 𝐺. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 20-Apr-2011.)
(Fun 𝐺 → (𝐹𝐺 → dom 𝐹 ⊊ dom 𝐺))
 
Theoremfvresval 33750 The value of a function at a restriction is either null or the same as the function itself. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 4-Sep-2011.)
(((𝐹𝐵)‘𝐴) = (𝐹𝐴) ∨ ((𝐹𝐵)‘𝐴) = ∅)
 
Theoremfunsseq 33751 Given two functions with equal domains, equality only requires one direction of the subset relationship. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 24-Apr-2012.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 3-May-2015.)
((Fun 𝐹 ∧ Fun 𝐺 ∧ dom 𝐹 = dom 𝐺) → (𝐹 = 𝐺𝐹𝐺))
 
Theoremfununiq 33752 The uniqueness condition of functions. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 18-Feb-2013.)
𝐴 ∈ V    &   𝐵 ∈ V    &   𝐶 ∈ V       (Fun 𝐹 → ((𝐴𝐹𝐵𝐴𝐹𝐶) → 𝐵 = 𝐶))
 
Theoremfunbreq 33753 An equality condition for functions. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 18-Feb-2013.)
𝐴 ∈ V    &   𝐵 ∈ V    &   𝐶 ∈ V       ((Fun 𝐹𝐴𝐹𝐵) → (𝐴𝐹𝐶𝐵 = 𝐶))
 
Theorembr1steq 33754 Uniqueness condition for the binary relation 1st. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 11-Apr-2014.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 3-May-2015.)
𝐴 ∈ V    &   𝐵 ∈ V       (⟨𝐴, 𝐵⟩1st 𝐶𝐶 = 𝐴)
 
Theorembr2ndeq 33755 Uniqueness condition for the binary relation 2nd. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 11-Apr-2014.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 3-May-2015.)
𝐴 ∈ V    &   𝐵 ∈ V       (⟨𝐴, 𝐵⟩2nd 𝐶𝐶 = 𝐵)
 
Theoremdfdm5 33756 Definition of domain in terms of 1st and image. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 11-Apr-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Apr-2014.) (Proof shortened by Peter Mazsa, 2-Oct-2022.)
dom 𝐴 = ((1st ↾ (V × V)) “ 𝐴)
 
Theoremdfrn5 33757 Definition of range in terms of 2nd and image. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 17-Apr-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Apr-2014.) (Proof shortened by Peter Mazsa, 2-Oct-2022.)
ran 𝐴 = ((2nd ↾ (V × V)) “ 𝐴)
 
Theoremopelco3 33758 Alternate way of saying that an ordered pair is in a composition. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 6-May-2018.)
(⟨𝐴, 𝐵⟩ ∈ (𝐶𝐷) ↔ 𝐵 ∈ (𝐶 “ (𝐷 “ {𝐴})))
 
Theoremelima4 33759 Quantifier-free expression saying that a class is a member of an image. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 8-May-2018.)
(𝐴 ∈ (𝑅𝐵) ↔ (𝑅 ∩ (𝐵 × {𝐴})) ≠ ∅)
 
Theoremfv1stcnv 33760 The value of the converse of 1st restricted to a singleton. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 2-Jul-2020.)
((𝑋𝐴𝑌𝑉) → ((1st ↾ (𝐴 × {𝑌}))‘𝑋) = ⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩)
 
Theoremfv2ndcnv 33761 The value of the converse of 2nd restricted to a singleton. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 2-Jul-2020.)
((𝑋𝑉𝑌𝐴) → ((2nd ↾ ({𝑋} × 𝐴))‘𝑌) = ⟨𝑋, 𝑌⟩)
 
Theoremimaindm 33762 The image is unaffected by intersection with the domain. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 17-Dec-2021.)
(𝑅𝐴) = (𝑅 “ (𝐴 ∩ dom 𝑅))
 
20.9.11  Set induction (or epsilon induction)
 
Theoremsetinds 33763* Principle of set induction (or E-induction). If a property passes from all elements of 𝑥 to 𝑥 itself, then it holds for all 𝑥. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 10-Mar-2011.)
(∀𝑦𝑥 [𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑𝜑)       𝜑
 
Theoremsetinds2f 33764* E induction schema, using implicit substitution. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 10-Mar-2011.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Dec-2016.)
𝑥𝜓    &   (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑𝜓))    &   (∀𝑦𝑥 𝜓𝜑)       𝜑
 
Theoremsetinds2 33765* E induction schema, using implicit substitution. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 10-Mar-2011.)
(𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑𝜓))    &   (∀𝑦𝑥 𝜓𝜑)       𝜑
 
20.9.12  Ordinal numbers
 
Theoremelpotr 33766* A class of transitive sets is partially ordered by E. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 15-Oct-2010.)
(∀𝑧𝐴 Tr 𝑧 → E Po 𝐴)
 
Theoremdford5reg 33767 Given ax-reg 9360, an ordinal is a transitive class totally ordered by the membership relation. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 28-Jan-2011.)
(Ord 𝐴 ↔ (Tr 𝐴 ∧ E Or 𝐴))
 
Theoremdfon2lem1 33768 Lemma for dfon2 33777. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 28-Feb-2011.)
Tr {𝑥 ∣ (𝜑 ∧ Tr 𝑥𝜓)}
 
Theoremdfon2lem2 33769* Lemma for dfon2 33777. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 28-Feb-2011.)
{𝑥 ∣ (𝑥𝐴𝜑𝜓)} ⊆ 𝐴
 
Theoremdfon2lem3 33770* Lemma for dfon2 33777. All sets satisfying the new definition are transitive and untangled. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 25-Feb-2011.)
(𝐴𝑉 → (∀𝑥((𝑥𝐴 ∧ Tr 𝑥) → 𝑥𝐴) → (Tr 𝐴 ∧ ∀𝑧𝐴 ¬ 𝑧𝑧)))
 
Theoremdfon2lem4 33771* Lemma for dfon2 33777. If two sets satisfy the new definition, then one is a subset of the other. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 25-Feb-2011.)
𝐴 ∈ V    &   𝐵 ∈ V       ((∀𝑥((𝑥𝐴 ∧ Tr 𝑥) → 𝑥𝐴) ∧ ∀𝑦((𝑦𝐵 ∧ Tr 𝑦) → 𝑦𝐵)) → (𝐴𝐵𝐵𝐴))
 
Theoremdfon2lem5 33772* Lemma for dfon2 33777. Two sets satisfying the new definition also satisfy trichotomy with respect to . (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 25-Feb-2011.)
𝐴 ∈ V    &   𝐵 ∈ V       ((∀𝑥((𝑥𝐴 ∧ Tr 𝑥) → 𝑥𝐴) ∧ ∀𝑦((𝑦𝐵 ∧ Tr 𝑦) → 𝑦𝐵)) → (𝐴𝐵𝐴 = 𝐵𝐵𝐴))
 
Theoremdfon2lem6 33773* Lemma for dfon2 33777. A transitive class of sets satisfying the new definition satisfies the new definition. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 25-Feb-2011.)
((Tr 𝑆 ∧ ∀𝑥𝑆𝑧((𝑧𝑥 ∧ Tr 𝑧) → 𝑧𝑥)) → ∀𝑦((𝑦𝑆 ∧ Tr 𝑦) → 𝑦𝑆))
 
Theoremdfon2lem7 33774* Lemma for dfon2 33777. All elements of a new ordinal are new ordinals. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 25-Feb-2011.)
𝐴 ∈ V       (∀𝑥((𝑥𝐴 ∧ Tr 𝑥) → 𝑥𝐴) → (𝐵𝐴 → ∀𝑦((𝑦𝐵 ∧ Tr 𝑦) → 𝑦𝐵)))
 
Theoremdfon2lem8 33775* Lemma for dfon2 33777. The intersection of a nonempty class 𝐴 of new ordinals is itself a new ordinal and is contained within 𝐴 (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 26-Feb-2011.)
((𝐴 ≠ ∅ ∧ ∀𝑥𝐴𝑦((𝑦𝑥 ∧ Tr 𝑦) → 𝑦𝑥)) → (∀𝑧((𝑧 𝐴 ∧ Tr 𝑧) → 𝑧 𝐴) ∧ 𝐴𝐴))
 
Theoremdfon2lem9 33776* Lemma for dfon2 33777. A class of new ordinals is well-founded by E. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 3-Mar-2011.)
(∀𝑥𝐴𝑦((𝑦𝑥 ∧ Tr 𝑦) → 𝑦𝑥) → E Fr 𝐴)
 
Theoremdfon2 33777* On consists of all sets that contain all its transitive proper subsets. This definition comes from J. R. Isbell, "A Definition of Ordinal Numbers", American Mathematical Monthly, vol 67 (1960), pp. 51-52. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 20-Feb-2011.)
On = {𝑥 ∣ ∀𝑦((𝑦𝑥 ∧ Tr 𝑦) → 𝑦𝑥)}
 
Theoremrdgprc0 33778 The value of the recursive definition generator at when the base value is a proper class. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 26-Mar-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Apr-2014.)
𝐼 ∈ V → (rec(𝐹, 𝐼)‘∅) = ∅)
 
Theoremrdgprc 33779 The value of the recursive definition generator when 𝐼 is a proper class. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 26-Mar-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Apr-2014.)
𝐼 ∈ V → rec(𝐹, 𝐼) = rec(𝐹, ∅))
 
Theoremdfrdg2 33780* Alternate definition of the recursive function generator when 𝐼 is a set. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 26-Mar-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Apr-2014.)
(𝐼𝑉 → rec(𝐹, 𝐼) = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ On (𝑓 Fn 𝑥 ∧ ∀𝑦𝑥 (𝑓𝑦) = if(𝑦 = ∅, 𝐼, if(Lim 𝑦, (𝑓𝑦), (𝐹‘(𝑓 𝑦)))))})
 
Theoremdfrdg3 33781* Generalization of dfrdg2 33780 to remove sethood requirement. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 27-Mar-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Apr-2014.)
rec(𝐹, 𝐼) = {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑥 ∈ On (𝑓 Fn 𝑥 ∧ ∀𝑦𝑥 (𝑓𝑦) = if(𝑦 = ∅, if(𝐼 ∈ V, 𝐼, ∅), if(Lim 𝑦, (𝑓𝑦), (𝐹‘(𝑓 𝑦)))))}
 
20.9.13  Defined equality axioms
 
Theoremaxextdfeq 33782 A version of ax-ext 2710 for use with defined equality. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 12-Dec-2010.)
𝑧((𝑧𝑥𝑧𝑦) → ((𝑧𝑦𝑧𝑥) → (𝑥𝑤𝑦𝑤)))
 
Theoremax8dfeq 33783 A version of ax-8 2109 for use with defined equality. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 12-Dec-2010.)
𝑧((𝑧𝑥𝑧𝑦) → (𝑤𝑥𝑤𝑦))
 
Theoremaxextdist 33784 ax-ext 2710 with distinctors instead of distinct variable conditions. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Dec-2010.)
((¬ ∀𝑧 𝑧 = 𝑥 ∧ ¬ ∀𝑧 𝑧 = 𝑦) → (∀𝑧(𝑧𝑥𝑧𝑦) → 𝑥 = 𝑦))
 
Theoremaxextbdist 33785 axextb 2713 with distinctors instead of distinct variable conditions. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Dec-2010.)
((¬ ∀𝑧 𝑧 = 𝑥 ∧ ¬ ∀𝑧 𝑧 = 𝑦) → (𝑥 = 𝑦 ↔ ∀𝑧(𝑧𝑥𝑧𝑦)))
 
Theorem19.12b 33786* Version of 19.12vv 2346 with not-free hypotheses, instead of distinct variable conditions. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Dec-2010.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Dec-2016.)
𝑦𝜑    &   𝑥𝜓       (∃𝑥𝑦(𝜑𝜓) ↔ ∀𝑦𝑥(𝜑𝜓))
 
Theoremexnel 33787 There is always a set not in 𝑦. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Dec-2010.)
𝑥 ¬ 𝑥𝑦
 
Theoremdistel 33788 Distinctors in terms of membership. (NOTE: this only works with relations where we can prove el 5358 and elirrv 9364.) (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 15-Dec-2010.)
(¬ ∀𝑦 𝑦 = 𝑥 ↔ ¬ ∀𝑦 ¬ 𝑥𝑦)
 
Theoremaxextndbi 33789 axextnd 10356 as a biconditional. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 14-Dec-2010.)
𝑧(𝑥 = 𝑦 ↔ (𝑧𝑥𝑧𝑦))
 
20.9.14  Hypothesis builders
 
Theoremhbntg 33790 A more general form of hbnt 2292. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Dec-2010.)
(∀𝑥(𝜑 → ∀𝑥𝜓) → (¬ 𝜓 → ∀𝑥 ¬ 𝜑))
 
Theoremhbimtg 33791 A more general and closed form of hbim 2297. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Dec-2010.)
((∀𝑥(𝜑 → ∀𝑥𝜒) ∧ (𝜓 → ∀𝑥𝜃)) → ((𝜒𝜓) → ∀𝑥(𝜑𝜃)))
 
Theoremhbaltg 33792 A more general and closed form of hbal 2168. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Dec-2010.)
(∀𝑥(𝜑 → ∀𝑦𝜓) → (∀𝑥𝜑 → ∀𝑦𝑥𝜓))
 
Theoremhbng 33793 A more general form of hbn 2293. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Dec-2010.)
(𝜑 → ∀𝑥𝜓)       𝜓 → ∀𝑥 ¬ 𝜑)
 
Theoremhbimg 33794 A more general form of hbim 2297. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 13-Dec-2010.)
(𝜑 → ∀𝑥𝜓)    &   (𝜒 → ∀𝑥𝜃)       ((𝜓𝜒) → ∀𝑥(𝜑𝜃))
 
20.9.15  (Trans)finite Recursion Theorems
 
Theoremtfisg 33795* A closed form of tfis 7710. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 8-Jun-2011.)
(∀𝑥 ∈ On (∀𝑦𝑥 [𝑦 / 𝑥]𝜑𝜑) → ∀𝑥 ∈ On 𝜑)
 
20.9.16  Well-Founded Induction
 
Theoremfrpoins3xpg 33796* Special case of founded partial induction over a cross product. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 22-Aug-2024.)
((𝑥𝐴𝑦𝐵) → (∀𝑧𝑤(⟨𝑧, 𝑤⟩ ∈ Pred(𝑅, (𝐴 × 𝐵), ⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩) → 𝜒) → 𝜑))    &   (𝑥 = 𝑧 → (𝜑𝜓))    &   (𝑦 = 𝑤 → (𝜓𝜒))    &   (𝑥 = 𝑋 → (𝜑𝜃))    &   (𝑦 = 𝑌 → (𝜃𝜏))       (((𝑅 Fr (𝐴 × 𝐵) ∧ 𝑅 Po (𝐴 × 𝐵) ∧ 𝑅 Se (𝐴 × 𝐵)) ∧ (𝑋𝐴𝑌𝐵)) → 𝜏)
 
Theoremfrpoins3xp3g 33797* Special case of founded partial recursion over a triple cross product. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 22-Aug-2024.)
((𝑥𝐴𝑦𝐵𝑧𝐶) → (∀𝑤𝑡𝑢(⟨⟨𝑤, 𝑡⟩, 𝑢⟩ ∈ Pred(𝑅, ((𝐴 × 𝐵) × 𝐶), ⟨⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩, 𝑧⟩) → 𝜃) → 𝜑))    &   (𝑥 = 𝑤 → (𝜑𝜓))    &   (𝑦 = 𝑡 → (𝜓𝜒))    &   (𝑧 = 𝑢 → (𝜒𝜃))    &   (𝑥 = 𝑋 → (𝜑𝜏))    &   (𝑦 = 𝑌 → (𝜏𝜂))    &   (𝑧 = 𝑍 → (𝜂𝜁))       (((𝑅 Fr ((𝐴 × 𝐵) × 𝐶) ∧ 𝑅 Po ((𝐴 × 𝐵) × 𝐶) ∧ 𝑅 Se ((𝐴 × 𝐵) × 𝐶)) ∧ (𝑋𝐴𝑌𝐵𝑍𝐶)) → 𝜁)
 
20.9.17  Ordering Cross Products, Part 2
 
Theoremxpord2lem 33798* Lemma for cross product ordering. Calculate the value of the cross product relationship. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 19-Aug-2024.)
𝑇 = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ (𝑥 ∈ (𝐴 × 𝐵) ∧ 𝑦 ∈ (𝐴 × 𝐵) ∧ (((1st𝑥)𝑅(1st𝑦) ∨ (1st𝑥) = (1st𝑦)) ∧ ((2nd𝑥)𝑆(2nd𝑦) ∨ (2nd𝑥) = (2nd𝑦)) ∧ 𝑥𝑦))}       (⟨𝑎, 𝑏𝑇𝑐, 𝑑⟩ ↔ ((𝑎𝐴𝑏𝐵) ∧ (𝑐𝐴𝑑𝐵) ∧ ((𝑎𝑅𝑐𝑎 = 𝑐) ∧ (𝑏𝑆𝑑𝑏 = 𝑑) ∧ (𝑎𝑐𝑏𝑑))))
 
Theorempoxp2 33799* Another way of partially ordering a cross product of two classes. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 19-Aug-2024.)
𝑇 = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ (𝑥 ∈ (𝐴 × 𝐵) ∧ 𝑦 ∈ (𝐴 × 𝐵) ∧ (((1st𝑥)𝑅(1st𝑦) ∨ (1st𝑥) = (1st𝑦)) ∧ ((2nd𝑥)𝑆(2nd𝑦) ∨ (2nd𝑥) = (2nd𝑦)) ∧ 𝑥𝑦))}    &   (𝜑𝑅 Po 𝐴)    &   (𝜑𝑆 Po 𝐵)       (𝜑𝑇 Po (𝐴 × 𝐵))
 
Theoremfrxp2 33800* Another way of giving a founded order to a cross product of two classes. (Contributed by Scott Fenton, 19-Aug-2024.)
𝑇 = {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ (𝑥 ∈ (𝐴 × 𝐵) ∧ 𝑦 ∈ (𝐴 × 𝐵) ∧ (((1st𝑥)𝑅(1st𝑦) ∨ (1st𝑥) = (1st𝑦)) ∧ ((2nd𝑥)𝑆(2nd𝑦) ∨ (2nd𝑥) = (2nd𝑦)) ∧ 𝑥𝑦))}    &   (𝜑𝑅 Fr 𝐴)    &   (𝜑𝑆 Fr 𝐵)       (𝜑𝑇 Fr (𝐴 × 𝐵))
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206 20501-20600 207 20601-20700 208 20701-20800 209 20801-20900 210 20901-21000 211 21001-21100 212 21101-21200 213 21201-21300 214 21301-21400 215 21401-21500 216 21501-21600 217 21601-21700 218 21701-21800 219 21801-21900 220 21901-22000 221 22001-22100 222 22101-22200 223 22201-22300 224 22301-22400 225 22401-22500 226 22501-22600 227 22601-22700 228 22701-22800 229 22801-22900 230 22901-23000 231 23001-23100 232 23101-23200 233 23201-23300 234 23301-23400 235 23401-23500 236 23501-23600 237 23601-23700 238 23701-23800 239 23801-23900 240 23901-24000 241 24001-24100 242 24101-24200 243 24201-24300 244 24301-24400 245 24401-24500 246 24501-24600 247 24601-24700 248 24701-24800 249 24801-24900 250 24901-25000 251 25001-25100 252 25101-25200 253 25201-25300 254 25301-25400 255 25401-25500 256 25501-25600 257 25601-25700 258 25701-25800 259 25801-25900 260 25901-26000 261 26001-26100 262 26101-26200 263 26201-26300 264 26301-26400 265 26401-26500 266 26501-26600 267 26601-26700 268 26701-26800 269 26801-26900 270 26901-27000 271 27001-27100 272 27101-27200 273 27201-27300 274 27301-27400 275 27401-27500 276 27501-27600 277 27601-27700 278 27701-27800 279 27801-27900 280 27901-28000 281 28001-28100 282 28101-28200 283 28201-28300 284 28301-28400 285 28401-28500 286 28501-28600 287 28601-28700 288 28701-28800 289 28801-28900 290 28901-29000 291 29001-29100 292 29101-29200 293 29201-29300 294 29301-29400 295 29401-29500 296 29501-29600 297 29601-29700 298 29701-29800 299 29801-29900 300 29901-30000 301 30001-30100 302 30101-30200 303 30201-30300 304 30301-30400 305 30401-30500 306 30501-30600 307 30601-30700 308 30701-30800 309 30801-30900 310 30901-31000 311 31001-31100 312 31101-31200 313 31201-31300 314 31301-31400 315 31401-31500 316 31501-31600 317 31601-31700 318 31701-31800 319 31801-31900 320 31901-32000 321 32001-32100 322 32101-32200 323 32201-32300 324 32301-32400 325 32401-32500 326 32501-32600 327 32601-32700 328 32701-32800 329 32801-32900 330 32901-33000 331 33001-33100 332 33101-33200 333 33201-33300 334 33301-33400 335 33401-33500 336 33501-33600 337 33601-33700 338 33701-33800 339 33801-33900 340 33901-34000 341 34001-34100 342 34101-34200 343 34201-34300 344 34301-34400 345 34401-34500 346 34501-34600 347 34601-34700 348 34701-34800 349 34801-34900 350 34901-35000 351 35001-35100 352 35101-35200 353 35201-35300 354 35301-35400 355 35401-35500 356 35501-35600 357 35601-35700 358 35701-35800 359 35801-35900 360 35901-36000 361 36001-36100 362 36101-36200 363 36201-36300 364 36301-36400 365 36401-36500 366 36501-36600 367 36601-36700 368 36701-36800 369 36801-36900 370 36901-37000 371 37001-37100 372 37101-37200 373 37201-37300 374 37301-37400 375 37401-37500 376 37501-37600 377 37601-37700 378 37701-37800 379 37801-37900 380 37901-38000 381 38001-38100 382 38101-38200 383 38201-38300 384 38301-38400 385 38401-38500 386 38501-38600 387 38601-38700 388 38701-38800 389 38801-38900 390 38901-39000 391 39001-39100 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