P. 148 of Theorem List - Metamath Proof Explorer

Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer - 14701-14800   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	repsw0 14701	The "repeated symbol word" of length 0. (Contributed by AV, 4-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑆 repeatS 0) = ∅)
Theorem	repsdf2 14702*	Alternative definition of a "repeated symbol word". (Contributed by AV, 7-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (𝑊 = (𝑆 repeatS 𝑁) ↔ (𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑊) = 𝑁 ∧ ∀𝑖 ∈ (0..^𝑁)(𝑊‘𝑖) = 𝑆)))
Theorem	repswsymball 14703*	All the symbols of a "repeated symbol word" are the same. (Contributed by AV, 10-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑆 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑊 = (𝑆 repeatS (♯‘𝑊)) → ∀𝑖 ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))(𝑊‘𝑖) = 𝑆))
Theorem	repswsymballbi 14704*	A word is a "repeated symbol word" iff each of its symbols equals the first symbol of the word. (Contributed by AV, 10-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 → (𝑊 = ((𝑊‘0) repeatS (♯‘𝑊)) ↔ ∀𝑖 ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))(𝑊‘𝑖) = (𝑊‘0)))
Theorem	repswfsts 14705	The first symbol of a nonempty "repeated symbol word". (Contributed by AV, 4-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ) → ((𝑆 repeatS 𝑁)‘0) = 𝑆)
Theorem	repswlsw 14706	The last symbol of a nonempty "repeated symbol word". (Contributed by AV, 4-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ) → (lastS‘(𝑆 repeatS 𝑁)) = 𝑆)
Theorem	repsw1 14707	The "repeated symbol word" of length 1. (Contributed by AV, 4-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑆 repeatS 1) = ⟨“𝑆”⟩)
Theorem	repswswrd 14708	A subword of a "repeated symbol word" is again a "repeated symbol word". The assumption 𝑁 ≤ 𝐿 is required, because otherwise (𝐿 < 𝑁): ((𝑆 repeatS 𝐿) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = ∅, but for M < N (𝑆 repeatS (𝑁 − 𝑀))) ≠ ∅! The proof is relatively long because the border cases (𝑀 = 𝑁, ¬ (𝑀..^𝑁) ⊆ (0..^𝐿) must have been considered. (Contributed by AV, 6-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (((𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐿 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ (𝑀 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ 𝑁 ≤ 𝐿) → ((𝑆 repeatS 𝐿) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩) = (𝑆 repeatS (𝑁 − 𝑀)))
Theorem	repswpfx 14709	A prefix of a repeated symbol word is a repeated symbol word. (Contributed by AV, 11-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐿 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → ((𝑆 repeatS 𝑁) prefix 𝐿) = (𝑆 repeatS 𝐿))
Theorem	repswccat 14710	The concatenation of two "repeated symbol words" with the same symbol is again a "repeated symbol word". (Contributed by AV, 4-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ0) → ((𝑆 repeatS 𝑁) ++ (𝑆 repeatS 𝑀)) = (𝑆 repeatS (𝑁 + 𝑀)))
Theorem	repswrevw 14711	The reverse of a "repeated symbol word". (Contributed by AV, 6-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) → (reverse‘(𝑆 repeatS 𝑁)) = (𝑆 repeatS 𝑁))
5.7.14  Cyclical shifts of words A word/string can be regarded as "necklace" by connecting the two ends of the word/string together (see Wikipedia "Necklace (combinatorics)", https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necklace_(combinatorics)). Two strings are regarded as the same necklace if one string can be rotated/circularly shifted/cyclically shifted to obtain the second string. To cope with words in the sense of necklaces, the rotation/cyclic shift cyclShift is defined as the basic operation, see df-csh 14713. The main theorems in this section are about counting the number of different necklaces resulting from cyclically shifting a given word, see cshwrepswhash1 17032 for words consisting of identical symbols and cshwshash 17034 for words having lengths which are prime numbers.
Syntax	ccsh 14712	Extend class notation with Cyclical Shifts.
class cyclShift
Definition	df-csh 14713*	Perform a cyclical shift for an arbitrary class. Meaningful only for words 𝑤 ∈ Word 𝑆 or at least functions over half-open ranges of nonnegative integers. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 20-May-2018.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro/Alexander van der Vekens/ Gerard Lang, 17-Nov-2018.) (Revised by AV, 4-Nov-2022.)
⊢ cyclShift = (𝑤 ∈ {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑙 ∈ ℕ0 𝑓 Fn (0..^𝑙)}, 𝑛 ∈ ℤ ↦ if(𝑤 = ∅, ∅, ((𝑤 substr ⟨(𝑛 mod (♯‘𝑤)), (♯‘𝑤)⟩) ++ (𝑤 prefix (𝑛 mod (♯‘𝑤))))))
Theorem	cshfn 14714*	Perform a cyclical shift for a function over a half-open range of nonnegative integers. (Contributed by AV, 20-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 17-Nov-2018.) (Revised by AV, 4-Nov-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ {𝑓 ∣ ∃𝑙 ∈ ℕ0 𝑓 Fn (0..^𝑙)} ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) = if(𝑊 = ∅, ∅, ((𝑊 substr ⟨(𝑁 mod (♯‘𝑊)), (♯‘𝑊)⟩) ++ (𝑊 prefix (𝑁 mod (♯‘𝑊))))))
Theorem	cshword 14715	Perform a cyclical shift for a word. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 20-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 12-Oct-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) = ((𝑊 substr ⟨(𝑁 mod (♯‘𝑊)), (♯‘𝑊)⟩) ++ (𝑊 prefix (𝑁 mod (♯‘𝑊)))))
Theorem	cshnz 14716	A cyclical shift is the empty set if the number of shifts is not an integer. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 21-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 17-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (¬ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ → (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) = ∅)
Theorem	0csh0 14717	Cyclically shifting an empty set/word always results in the empty word/set. (Contributed by AV, 25-Oct-2018.) (Revised by AV, 17-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (∅ cyclShift 𝑁) = ∅
Theorem	cshw0 14718	A word cyclically shifted by 0 is the word itself. (Contributed by AV, 16-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 20-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 26-Oct-2018.)
⊢ (𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 → (𝑊 cyclShift 0) = 𝑊)
Theorem	cshwmodn 14719	Cyclically shifting a word is invariant regarding modulo the word's length. (Contributed by AV, 26-Oct-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 16-Oct-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) = (𝑊 cyclShift (𝑁 mod (♯‘𝑊))))
Theorem	cshwsublen 14720	Cyclically shifting a word is invariant regarding subtraction of the word's length. (Contributed by AV, 3-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) = (𝑊 cyclShift (𝑁 − (♯‘𝑊))))
Theorem	cshwn 14721	A word cyclically shifted by its length is the word itself. (Contributed by AV, 16-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 20-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 26-Oct-2018.)
⊢ (𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 → (𝑊 cyclShift (♯‘𝑊)) = 𝑊)
Theorem	cshwcl 14722	A cyclically shifted word is a word over the same set as for the original word. (Contributed by AV, 16-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 21-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 27-Oct-2018.)
⊢ (𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 → (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) ∈ Word 𝑉)
Theorem	cshwlen 14723	The length of a cyclically shifted word is the same as the length of the original word. (Contributed by AV, 16-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 20-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 27-Oct-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 16-Oct-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (♯‘(𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁)) = (♯‘𝑊))
Theorem	cshwf 14724	A cyclically shifted word is a function from a half-open range of integers of the same length as the word as domain to the set of symbols for the word. (Contributed by AV, 12-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁):(0..^(♯‘𝑊))⟶𝐴)
Theorem	cshwfn 14725	A cyclically shifted word is a function with a half-open range of integers of the same length as the word as domain. (Contributed by AV, 12-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) Fn (0..^(♯‘𝑊)))
Theorem	cshwrn 14726	The range of a cyclically shifted word is a subset of the set of symbols for the word. (Contributed by AV, 12-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → ran (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) ⊆ 𝑉)
Theorem	cshwidxmod 14727	The symbol at a given index of a cyclically shifted nonempty word is the symbol at the shifted index of the original word. (Contributed by AV, 13-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 21-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 30-Oct-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 12-Oct-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝐼 ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁)‘𝐼) = (𝑊‘((𝐼 + 𝑁) mod (♯‘𝑊))))
Theorem	cshwidxmodr 14728	The symbol at a given index of a cyclically shifted nonempty word is the symbol at the shifted index of the original word. (Contributed by AV, 17-Mar-2021.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝐼 ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁)‘((𝐼 − 𝑁) mod (♯‘𝑊))) = (𝑊‘𝐼))
Theorem	cshwidx0mod 14729	The symbol at index 0 of a cyclically shifted nonempty word is the symbol at index N (modulo the length of the word) of the original word. (Contributed by AV, 30-Oct-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑊 ≠ ∅ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁)‘0) = (𝑊‘(𝑁 mod (♯‘𝑊))))
Theorem	cshwidx0 14730	The symbol at index 0 of a cyclically shifted nonempty word is the symbol at index N of the original word. (Contributed by AV, 15-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 21-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 30-Oct-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁)‘0) = (𝑊‘𝑁))
Theorem	cshwidxm1 14731	The symbol at index ((n-N)-1) of a word of length n (not 0) cyclically shifted by N positions is the symbol at index (n-1) of the original word. (Contributed by AV, 23-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 21-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 30-Oct-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁)‘(((♯‘𝑊) − 𝑁) − 1)) = (𝑊‘((♯‘𝑊) − 1)))
Theorem	cshwidxm 14732	The symbol at index (n-N) of a word of length n (not 0) cyclically shifted by N positions (not 0) is the symbol at index 0 of the original word. (Contributed by AV, 18-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 21-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 30-Oct-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (1...(♯‘𝑊))) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁)‘((♯‘𝑊) − 𝑁)) = (𝑊‘0))
Theorem	cshwidxn 14733	The symbol at index (n-1) of a word of length n (not 0) cyclically shifted by N positions (not 0) is the symbol at index (N-1) of the original word. (Contributed by AV, 18-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 21-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 30-Oct-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (1...(♯‘𝑊))) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁)‘((♯‘𝑊) − 1)) = (𝑊‘(𝑁 − 1)))
Theorem	cshf1 14734	Cyclically shifting a word which contains a symbol at most once results in a word which contains a symbol at most once. (Contributed by AV, 14-Mar-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐹:(0..^(♯‘𝐹))–1-1→𝐴 ∧ 𝑆 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝐺 = (𝐹 cyclShift 𝑆)) → 𝐺:(0..^(♯‘𝐹))–1-1→𝐴)
Theorem	cshinj 14735	If a word is injectiv (regarded as function), the cyclically shifted word is also injective. (Contributed by AV, 14-Mar-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ Fun ◡𝐹 ∧ 𝑆 ∈ ℤ) → (𝐺 = (𝐹 cyclShift 𝑆) → Fun ◡𝐺))
Theorem	repswcshw 14736	A cyclically shifted "repeated symbol word". (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 7-Nov-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 16-Oct-2022.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐼 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝑆 repeatS 𝑁) cyclShift 𝐼) = (𝑆 repeatS 𝑁))
Theorem	2cshw 14737	Cyclically shifting a word two times. (Contributed by AV, 7-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 4-Jun-2018.) (Revised by AV, 31-Oct-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑀 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑀) cyclShift 𝑁) = (𝑊 cyclShift (𝑀 + 𝑁)))
Theorem	2cshwid 14738	Cyclically shifting a word two times resulting in the word itself. (Contributed by AV, 7-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 5-Jun-2018.) (Revised by AV, 1-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) cyclShift ((♯‘𝑊) − 𝑁)) = 𝑊)
Theorem	lswcshw 14739	The last symbol of a word cyclically shifted by N positions is the symbol at index (N-1) of the original word. (Contributed by AV, 21-Mar-2018.) (Revised by AV, 5-Jun-2018.) (Revised by AV, 1-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (1...(♯‘𝑊))) → (lastS‘(𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁)) = (𝑊‘(𝑁 − 1)))
Theorem	2cshwcom 14740	Cyclically shifting a word two times is commutative. (Contributed by AV, 21-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 5-Jun-2018.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro/AV, 1-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑀 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) cyclShift 𝑀) = ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑀) cyclShift 𝑁))
Theorem	cshwleneq 14741	If the results of cyclically shifting two words are equal, the length of the two words was equal. (Contributed by AV, 21-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 5-Jun-2018.) (Revised by AV, 1-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑈 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ (𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑀 ∈ ℤ) ∧ (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) = (𝑈 cyclShift 𝑀)) → (♯‘𝑊) = (♯‘𝑈))
Theorem	3cshw 14742	Cyclically shifting a word three times results in a once cyclically shifted word under certain circumstances. (Contributed by AV, 6-Jun-2018.) (Revised by AV, 1-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑀 ∈ ℤ) → (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) = (((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑀) cyclShift 𝑁) cyclShift ((♯‘𝑊) − 𝑀)))
Theorem	cshweqdif2 14743	If cyclically shifting two words (of the same length) results in the same word, cyclically shifting one of the words by the difference of the numbers of shifts results in the other word. (Contributed by AV, 21-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 6-Jun-2018.) (Revised by AV, 1-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑈 ∈ Word 𝑉) ∧ (𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) = (𝑈 cyclShift 𝑀) → (𝑈 cyclShift (𝑀 − 𝑁)) = 𝑊))
Theorem	cshweqdifid 14744	If cyclically shifting a word by two positions results in the same word, cyclically shifting the word by the difference of these two positions results in the original word itself. (Contributed by AV, 21-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 7-Jun-2018.) (Revised by AV, 1-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑀 ∈ ℤ) → ((𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁) = (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑀) → (𝑊 cyclShift (𝑀 − 𝑁)) = 𝑊))
Theorem	cshweqrep 14745*	If cyclically shifting a word by L position results in the word itself, the symbol at any position is repeated at multiples of L (modulo the length of the word) positions in the word. (Contributed by AV, 13-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 7-Jun-2018.) (Revised by AV, 1-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝐿 ∈ ℤ) → (((𝑊 cyclShift 𝐿) = 𝑊 ∧ 𝐼 ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))) → ∀𝑗 ∈ ℕ0 (𝑊‘𝐼) = (𝑊‘((𝐼 + (𝑗 · 𝐿)) mod (♯‘𝑊)))))
Theorem	cshw1 14746*	If cyclically shifting a word by 1 position results in the word itself, the word is build of identical symbols. Remark: also "valid" for an empty word! (Contributed by AV, 13-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 7-Jun-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 1-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (𝑊 cyclShift 1) = 𝑊) → ∀𝑖 ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))(𝑊‘𝑖) = (𝑊‘0))
Theorem	cshw1repsw 14747	If cyclically shifting a word by 1 position results in the word itself, the word is a "repeated symbol word". Remark: also "valid" for an empty word! (Contributed by AV, 8-Nov-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 10-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (𝑊 cyclShift 1) = 𝑊) → 𝑊 = ((𝑊‘0) repeatS (♯‘𝑊)))
Theorem	cshwsexa 14748*	The class of (different!) words resulting by cyclically shifting something (not necessarily a word) is a set. (Contributed by AV, 8-Jun-2018.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro/AV, 25-Oct-2018.) (Proof shortened by SN, 15-Jan-2025.)
⊢ {𝑤 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∣ ∃𝑛 ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))(𝑊 cyclShift 𝑛) = 𝑤} ∈ V
Theorem	cshwsexaOLD 14749*	Obsolete version of cshwsexa 14748 as of 15-Jan-2025. (Contributed by AV, 8-Jun-2018.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro/AV, 25-Oct-2018.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ {𝑤 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∣ ∃𝑛 ∈ (0..^(♯‘𝑊))(𝑊 cyclShift 𝑛) = 𝑤} ∈ V
Theorem	2cshwcshw 14750*	If a word is a cyclically shifted word, and a second word is the result of cyclically shifting the same word, then the second word is the result of cyclically shifting the first word. (Contributed by AV, 11-May-2018.) (Revised by AV, 12-Jun-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 3-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑌 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ (♯‘𝑌) = 𝑁) → ((𝐾 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝑋 = (𝑌 cyclShift 𝐾) ∧ ∃𝑚 ∈ (0...𝑁)𝑍 = (𝑌 cyclShift 𝑚)) → ∃𝑛 ∈ (0...𝑁)𝑍 = (𝑋 cyclShift 𝑛)))
Theorem	scshwfzeqfzo 14751*	For a nonempty word the sets of shifted words, expressd by a finite interval of integers or by a half-open integer range are identical. (Contributed by Alexander van der Vekens, 15-Jun-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑋 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∧ 𝑋 ≠ ∅ ∧ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝑋)) → {𝑦 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∣ ∃𝑛 ∈ (0...𝑁)𝑦 = (𝑋 cyclShift 𝑛)} = {𝑦 ∈ Word 𝑉 ∣ ∃𝑛 ∈ (0..^𝑁)𝑦 = (𝑋 cyclShift 𝑛)})
Theorem	cshwcshid 14752*	A cyclically shifted word can be reconstructed by cyclically shifting it again. Lemma for erclwwlksym 29983 and erclwwlknsym 30032. (Contributed by AV, 8-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 11-Jun-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 3-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑦 ∈ Word 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝑥) = (♯‘𝑦))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑚 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑦)) ∧ 𝑥 = (𝑦 cyclShift 𝑚)) → ∃𝑛 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑥))𝑦 = (𝑥 cyclShift 𝑛)))
Theorem	cshwcsh2id 14753*	A cyclically shifted word can be reconstructed by cyclically shifting it again twice. Lemma for erclwwlktr 29984 and erclwwlkntr 30033. (Contributed by AV, 9-Apr-2018.) (Revised by AV, 11-Jun-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 3-Nov-2018.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑧 ∈ Word 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((♯‘𝑦) = (♯‘𝑧) ∧ (♯‘𝑥) = (♯‘𝑦)))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (((𝑚 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑦)) ∧ 𝑥 = (𝑦 cyclShift 𝑚)) ∧ (𝑘 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑧)) ∧ 𝑦 = (𝑧 cyclShift 𝑘))) → ∃𝑛 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑧))𝑥 = (𝑧 cyclShift 𝑛)))
Theorem	cshimadifsn 14754	The image of a cyclically shifted word under its domain without its left bound is the image of a cyclically shifted word under its domain without the number of shifted symbols. (Contributed by AV, 19-Mar-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ Word 𝑆 ∧ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐹) ∧ 𝐽 ∈ (0..^𝑁)) → (𝐹 “ ((0..^𝑁) ∖ {𝐽})) = ((𝐹 cyclShift 𝐽) “ (1..^𝑁)))
Theorem	cshimadifsn0 14755	The image of a cyclically shifted word under its domain without its upper bound is the image of a cyclically shifted word under its domain without the number of shifted symbols. (Contributed by AV, 19-Mar-2021.)
⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ Word 𝑆 ∧ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐹) ∧ 𝐽 ∈ (0..^𝑁)) → (𝐹 “ ((0..^𝑁) ∖ {𝐽})) = ((𝐹 cyclShift (𝐽 + 1)) “ (0..^(𝑁 − 1))))
5.7.15  Mapping words by a function
Theorem	wrdco 14756	Mapping a word by a function. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 27-Aug-2015.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵) → (𝐹 ∘ 𝑊) ∈ Word 𝐵)
Theorem	lenco 14757	Length of a mapped word is unchanged. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 27-Aug-2015.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵) → (♯‘(𝐹 ∘ 𝑊)) = (♯‘𝑊))
Theorem	s1co 14758	Mapping of a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Sep-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵) → (𝐹 ∘ ⟨“𝑆”⟩) = ⟨“(𝐹‘𝑆)”⟩)
Theorem	revco 14759	Mapping of words (i.e., a letterwise mapping) commutes with reversal. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 27-Aug-2015.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵) → (𝐹 ∘ (reverse‘𝑊)) = (reverse‘(𝐹 ∘ 𝑊)))
Theorem	ccatco 14760	Mapping of words commutes with concatenation. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 27-Aug-2015.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝑇 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵) → (𝐹 ∘ (𝑆 ++ 𝑇)) = ((𝐹 ∘ 𝑆) ++ (𝐹 ∘ 𝑇)))
Theorem	cshco 14761	Mapping of words commutes with the "cyclical shift" operation. (Contributed by AV, 12-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵) → (𝐹 ∘ (𝑊 cyclShift 𝑁)) = ((𝐹 ∘ 𝑊) cyclShift 𝑁))
Theorem	swrdco 14762	Mapping of words commutes with the substring operation. (Contributed by AV, 11-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ (𝑀 ∈ (0...𝑁) ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊))) ∧ 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵) → (𝐹 ∘ (𝑊 substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩)) = ((𝐹 ∘ 𝑊) substr ⟨𝑀, 𝑁⟩))
Theorem	pfxco 14763	Mapping of words commutes with the prefix operation. (Contributed by AV, 15-May-2020.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ (0...(♯‘𝑊)) ∧ 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵) → (𝐹 ∘ (𝑊 prefix 𝑁)) = ((𝐹 ∘ 𝑊) prefix 𝑁))
Theorem	lswco 14764	Mapping of (nonempty) words commutes with the "last symbol" operation. This theorem would not hold if 𝑊 = ∅, (𝐹‘∅) ≠ ∅ and ∅ ∈ 𝐴, because then (lastS‘(𝐹 ∘ 𝑊)) = (lastS‘∅) = ∅ ≠ (𝐹‘∅) = (𝐹(lastS‘𝑊)). (Contributed by AV, 11-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐴 ∧ 𝑊 ≠ ∅ ∧ 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵) → (lastS‘(𝐹 ∘ 𝑊)) = (𝐹‘(lastS‘𝑊)))
Theorem	repsco 14765	Mapping of words commutes with the "repeated symbol" operation. (Contributed by AV, 11-Nov-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑆 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵) → (𝐹 ∘ (𝑆 repeatS 𝑁)) = ((𝐹‘𝑆) repeatS 𝑁))
5.7.16  Longer string literals
Syntax	cs2 14766	Syntax for the length 2 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩
Syntax	cs3 14767	Syntax for the length 3 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩
Syntax	cs4 14768	Syntax for the length 4 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩
Syntax	cs5 14769	Syntax for the length 5 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩
Syntax	cs6 14770	Syntax for the length 6 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩
Syntax	cs7 14771	Syntax for the length 7 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩
Syntax	cs8 14772	Syntax for the length 8 word constructor.
class ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩
Definition	df-s2 14773	Define the length 2 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐵”⟩)
Definition	df-s3 14774	Define the length 3 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐶”⟩)
Definition	df-s4 14775	Define the length 4 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐷”⟩)
Definition	df-s5 14776	Define the length 5 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐸”⟩)
Definition	df-s6 14777	Define the length 6 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐹”⟩)
Definition	df-s7 14778	Define the length 7 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐺”⟩)
Definition	df-s8 14779	Define the length 8 word constructor. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ = (⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ ++ ⟨“𝐻”⟩)
Theorem	cats1cld 14780	Closure of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ∈ Word 𝐴)
Theorem	cats1co 14781	Closure of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ Word 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:𝐴⟶𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹 ∘ 𝑆) = 𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (𝑈 ++ ⟨“(𝐹‘𝑋)”⟩)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹 ∘ 𝑇) = 𝑉)
Theorem	cats1cli 14782	Closure of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 ∈ Word V    ⇒   ⊢ 𝑇 ∈ Word V
Theorem	cats1fvn 14783	The last symbol of a concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 ∈ Word V    &   ⊢ (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑇‘𝑀) = 𝑋)
Theorem	cats1fv 14784	A symbol other than the last in a concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 ∈ Word V    &   ⊢ (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀    &   ⊢ (𝑌 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑆‘𝑁) = 𝑌)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0    &   ⊢ 𝑁 < 𝑀    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑌 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑇‘𝑁) = 𝑌)
Theorem	cats1len 14785	The length of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 ∈ Word V    &   ⊢ (♯‘𝑆) = 𝑀    &   ⊢ (𝑀 + 1) = 𝑁    ⇒   ⊢ (♯‘𝑇) = 𝑁
Theorem	cats1cat 14786	Closure of concatenation with a singleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 26-Feb-2016.)
⊢ 𝑇 = (𝑆 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ Word V    &   ⊢ 𝑆 ∈ Word V    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝐵 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝐴 ++ 𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝐴 ++ 𝑇)
Theorem	cats2cat 14787	Closure of concatenation of concatenations with singleton words. (Contributed by AV, 1-Mar-2021.)
⊢ 𝐵 ∈ Word V    &   ⊢ 𝐷 ∈ Word V    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝐵 ++ ⟨“𝑋”⟩)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (⟨“𝑌”⟩ ++ 𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 ++ 𝐶) = ((𝐵 ++ ⟨“𝑋𝑌”⟩) ++ 𝐷)
Theorem	s2eqd 14788	Equality theorem for a doubleton word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂”⟩)
Theorem	s3eqd 14789	Equality theorem for a length 3 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃”⟩)
Theorem	s4eqd 14790	Equality theorem for a length 4 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄”⟩)
Theorem	s5eqd 14791	Equality theorem for a length 5 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅”⟩)
Theorem	s6eqd 14792	Equality theorem for a length 6 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = 𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆”⟩)
Theorem	s7eqd 14793	Equality theorem for a length 7 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = 𝑇)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆𝑇”⟩)
Theorem	s8eqd 14794	Equality theorem for a length 8 word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = 𝑂)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = 𝑃)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 = 𝑄)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = 𝑇)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 = 𝑈)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻”⟩ = ⟨“𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆𝑇𝑈”⟩)
Theorem	s3eq2 14795	Equality theorem for a length 3 word for the second symbol. (Contributed by AV, 4-Jan-2022.)
⊢ (𝐵 = 𝐷 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ = ⟨“𝐴𝐷𝐶”⟩)
Theorem	s2cld 14796	A doubleton word is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s3cld 14797	A length 3 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s4cld 14798	A length 4 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s5cld 14799	A length 5 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)
Theorem	s6cld 14800	A length 6 string is a word. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Feb-2016.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⟨“𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹”⟩ ∈ Word 𝑋)