P. 330 of Theorem List - Metamath Proof Explorer

Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer - 32901-33000   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	cyc3co2 32901	Represent a 3-cycle as a composition of two 2-cycles. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 19-Sep-2023.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐼 ∈ 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐽 ∈ 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐼 ≠ 𝐽)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐽 ≠ 𝐾)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ≠ 𝐼)    &   ⊢ · = (+g‘𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐶‘⟨“𝐼𝐽𝐾”⟩) = ((𝐶‘⟨“𝐼𝐾”⟩) · (𝐶‘⟨“𝐼𝐽”⟩)))
Theorem	cycpmconjvlem 32902	Lemma for cycpmconjv 32903. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 9-Oct-2023.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:𝐷–1-1-onto→𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐹 ↾ (𝐷 ∖ 𝐵)) ∘ ◡𝐹) = ( I ↾ (𝐷 ∖ ran (𝐹 ↾ 𝐵))))
Theorem	cycpmconjv 32903	A formula for computing conjugacy classes of cyclic permutations. Formula in property (b) of [Lang] p. 32. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 9-Oct-2023.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐷 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝐺 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑊 ∈ dom 𝑀) → ((𝐺 + (𝑀‘𝑊)) − 𝐺) = (𝑀‘(𝐺 ∘ 𝑊)))
Theorem	cycpmrn 32904	The range of the word used to build a cycle is the cycle's orbit, i.e., the set of points it moves. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 20-Nov-2023.)
⊢ 𝑀 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊:dom 𝑊–1-1→𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 < (♯‘𝑊))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ran 𝑊 = dom ((𝑀‘𝑊) ∖ I ))
Theorem	tocyccntz 32905*	All elements of a (finite) set of cycles commute if their orbits are disjoint. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 27-Nov-2023.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑍 = (Cntz‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → Disj 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ran 𝑥)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ⊆ dom 𝑀)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑀 “ 𝐴) ⊆ (𝑍‘(𝑀 “ 𝐴)))
21.3.9.10  The Alternating Group
Theorem	evpmval 32906	Value of the set of even permutations, the alternating group. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Nov-2023.)
⊢ 𝐴 = (pmEven‘𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐷 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝐴 = (◡(pmSgn‘𝐷) “ {1}))
Theorem	cnmsgn0g 32907	The neutral element of the sign subgroup of the complex numbers. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Nov-2023.)
⊢ 𝑈 = ((mulGrp‘ℂfld) ↾s {1, -1})    ⇒   ⊢ 1 = (0g‘𝑈)
Theorem	evpmsubg 32908	The alternating group is a subgroup of the symmetric group. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Nov-2023.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (pmEven‘𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐷 ∈ Fin → 𝐴 ∈ (SubGrp‘𝑆))
Theorem	evpmid 32909	The identity is an even permutation. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 18-Sep-2023.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐷 ∈ Fin → ( I ↾ 𝐷) ∈ (pmEven‘𝐷))
Theorem	altgnsg 32910	The alternating group (pmEven‘𝐷) is a normal subgroup of the symmetric group. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 18-Sep-2023.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐷 ∈ Fin → (pmEven‘𝐷) ∈ (NrmSGrp‘𝑆))
Theorem	cyc3evpm 32911	3-Cycles are even permutations. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 24-Sep-2023.)
⊢ 𝐶 = ((toCyc‘𝐷) “ (◡♯ “ {3}))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (pmEven‘𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐷 ∈ Fin → 𝐶 ⊆ 𝐴)
Theorem	cyc3genpmlem 32912*	Lemma for cyc3genpm 32913. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 24-Sep-2023.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑀 “ (◡♯ “ {3}))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (pmEven‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ · = (+g‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐼 ∈ 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐽 ∈ 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 ∈ 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 = (𝑀‘⟨“𝐼𝐽”⟩))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = (𝑀‘⟨“𝐾𝐿”⟩))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐼 ≠ 𝐽)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ≠ 𝐿)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑐 ∈ Word 𝐶(𝐸 · 𝐹) = (𝑆 Σg 𝑐))
Theorem	cyc3genpm 32913*	The alternating group 𝐴 is generated by 3-cycles. Property (a) of [Lang] p. 32 . (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 27-Sep-2023.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑀 “ (◡♯ “ {3}))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (pmEven‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐷 ∈ Fin → (𝑄 ∈ 𝐴 ↔ ∃𝑤 ∈ Word 𝐶𝑄 = (𝑆 Σg 𝑤)))
Theorem	cycpmgcl 32914	Cyclic permutations are permutations, similar to cycpmcl 32877, but where the set of cyclic permutations of length 𝑃 is expressed in terms of a preimage. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 13-Oct-2023.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑀 “ (◡♯ “ {𝑃}))    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐷 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑃 ∈ (0...𝑁)) → 𝐶 ⊆ 𝐵)
Theorem	cycpmconjslem1 32915	Lemma for cycpmconjs 32917. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 14-Oct-2023.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑀 “ (◡♯ “ {𝑃}))    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Word 𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊:dom 𝑊–1-1→𝐷)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝑊) = 𝑃)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((◡𝑊 ∘ (𝑀‘𝑊)) ∘ 𝑊) = (( I ↾ (0..^𝑃)) cyclShift 1))
Theorem	cycpmconjslem2 32916*	Lemma for cycpmconjs 32917. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 14-Oct-2023.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑀 “ (◡♯ “ {𝑃}))    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 ∈ (0...𝑁))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Fin)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑄 ∈ 𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑞(𝑞:(0..^𝑁)–1-1-onto→𝐷 ∧ ((◡𝑞 ∘ 𝑄) ∘ 𝑞) = ((( I ↾ (0..^𝑃)) cyclShift 1) ∪ ( I ↾ (𝑃..^𝑁)))))
Theorem	cycpmconjs 32917*	All cycles of the same length are conjugate in the symmetric group. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 14-Oct-2023.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑀 “ (◡♯ “ {𝑃}))    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 ∈ (0...𝑁))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Fin)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑄 ∈ 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ∈ 𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑝 ∈ 𝐵 𝑄 = ((𝑝 + 𝑇) − 𝑝))
Theorem	cyc3conja 32918*	All 3-cycles are conjugate in the alternating group An for n>= 5. Property (b) of [Lang] p. 32. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 15-Oct-2023.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑀 “ (◡♯ “ {3}))    &   ⊢ 𝐴 = (pmEven‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (SymGrp‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (♯‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (toCyc‘𝐷)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 5 ≤ 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ Fin)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑄 ∈ 𝐶)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ∈ 𝐶)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑝 ∈ 𝐴 𝑄 = ((𝑝 + 𝑇) − 𝑝))
21.3.9.11  Signum in an ordered monoid
Syntax	csgns 32919	Extend class notation to include the Signum function.
class sgns
Definition	df-sgns 32920*	Signum function for a structure. See also df-sgn 15061 for the version for extended reals. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 10-Sep-2018.)
⊢ sgns = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ (𝑥 ∈ (Base‘𝑟) ↦ if(𝑥 = (0g‘𝑟), 0, if((0g‘𝑟)(lt‘𝑟)𝑥, 1, -1))))
Theorem	sgnsv 32921*	The sign mapping. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 9-Sep-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (sgns‘𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝑆 = (𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ if(𝑥 = 0 , 0, if( 0 < 𝑥, 1, -1))))
Theorem	sgnsval 32922	The sign value. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 9-Sep-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (sgns‘𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝑆‘𝑋) = if(𝑋 = 0 , 0, if( 0 < 𝑋, 1, -1)))
Theorem	sgnsf 32923	The sign function. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 9-Sep-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (sgns‘𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝑆:𝐵⟶{-1, 0, 1})
21.3.9.12  The Archimedean property for generic ordered algebraic structures
Syntax	cinftm 32924	Class notation for the infinitesimal relation.
class ⋘
Syntax	carchi 32925	Class notation for the Archimedean property.
class Archi
Definition	df-inftm 32926*	Define the relation "𝑥 is infinitesimal with respect to 𝑦 " for a structure 𝑤. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 30-Jan-2018.)
⊢ ⋘ = (𝑤 ∈ V ↦ {⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ ∣ ((𝑥 ∈ (Base‘𝑤) ∧ 𝑦 ∈ (Base‘𝑤)) ∧ ((0g‘𝑤)(lt‘𝑤)𝑥 ∧ ∀𝑛 ∈ ℕ (𝑛(.g‘𝑤)𝑥)(lt‘𝑤)𝑦))})
Definition	df-archi 32927	A structure said to be Archimedean if it has no infinitesimal elements. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 30-Jan-2018.)
⊢ Archi = {𝑤 ∣ (⋘‘𝑤) = ∅}
Theorem	inftmrel 32928	The infinitesimal relation for a structure 𝑊. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 30-Jan-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑊 ∈ 𝑉 → (⋘‘𝑊) ⊆ (𝐵 × 𝐵))
Theorem	isinftm 32929*	Express 𝑥 is infinitesimal with respect to 𝑦 for a structure 𝑊. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 30-Jan-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝑋(⋘‘𝑊)𝑌 ↔ ( 0 < 𝑋 ∧ ∀𝑛 ∈ ℕ (𝑛 · 𝑋) < 𝑌)))
Theorem	isarchi 32930*	Express the predicate "𝑊 is Archimedean ". (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 30-Jan-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (⋘‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑊 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑊 ∈ Archi ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ¬ 𝑥 < 𝑦))
Theorem	pnfinf 32931	Plus infinity is an infinite for the completed real line, as any real number is infinitesimal compared to it. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Feb-2018.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ+ → 𝐴(⋘‘ℝ*𝑠)+∞)
Theorem	xrnarchi 32932	The completed real line is not Archimedean. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Feb-2018.)
⊢ ¬ ℝ*𝑠 ∈ Archi
Theorem	isarchi2 32933*	Alternative way to express the predicate "𝑊 is Archimedean ", for Tosets. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 30-Jan-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ Toset ∧ 𝑊 ∈ Mnd) → (𝑊 ∈ Archi ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ( 0 < 𝑥 → ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ 𝑦 ≤ (𝑛 · 𝑥))))
Theorem	submarchi 32934	A submonoid is archimedean. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 16-Sep-2018.)
⊢ (((𝑊 ∈ Toset ∧ 𝑊 ∈ Archi) ∧ 𝐴 ∈ (SubMnd‘𝑊)) → (𝑊 ↾s 𝐴) ∈ Archi)
Theorem	isarchi3 32935*	This is the usual definition of the Archimedean property for an ordered group. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 30-Jan-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑊 ∈ oGrp → (𝑊 ∈ Archi ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐵 ( 0 < 𝑥 → ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ 𝑦 < (𝑛 · 𝑥))))
Theorem	archirng 32936*	Property of Archimedean ordered groups, framing positive 𝑌 between multiples of 𝑋. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 12-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Archi)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑌)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 ((𝑛 · 𝑋) < 𝑌 ∧ 𝑌 ≤ ((𝑛 + 1) · 𝑋)))
Theorem	archirngz 32937*	Property of Archimedean left and right ordered groups. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 6-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Archi)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (oppg‘𝑊) ∈ oGrp)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑛 ∈ ℤ ((𝑛 · 𝑋) < 𝑌 ∧ 𝑌 ≤ ((𝑛 + 1) · 𝑋)))
Theorem	archiexdiv 32938*	In an Archimedean group, given two positive elements, there exists a "divisor" 𝑛. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 30-Jan-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ (((𝑊 ∈ oGrp ∧ 𝑊 ∈ Archi) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ 0 < 𝑋) → ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ 𝑌 < (𝑛 · 𝑋))
Theorem	archiabllem1a 32939*	Lemma for archiabl 32946: In case an archimedean group 𝑊 admits a smallest positive element 𝑈, then any positive element 𝑋 of 𝑊 can be written as (𝑛 · 𝑈) with 𝑛 ∈ ℕ. Since the reciprocal holds for negative elements, 𝑊 is then isomorphic to ℤ. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 12-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Archi)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑈)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 0 < 𝑥) → 𝑈 ≤ 𝑥)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ 𝑋 = (𝑛 · 𝑈))
Theorem	archiabllem1b 32940*	Lemma for archiabl 32946. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 13-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Archi)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑈)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 0 < 𝑥) → 𝑈 ≤ 𝑥)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) → ∃𝑛 ∈ ℤ 𝑦 = (𝑛 · 𝑈))
Theorem	archiabllem1 32941*	Archimedean ordered groups with a minimal positive value are abelian. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 13-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Archi)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑈)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 0 < 𝑥) → 𝑈 ≤ 𝑥)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Abel)
Theorem	archiabllem2a 32942*	Lemma for archiabl 32946, which requires the group to be both left- and right-ordered. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 13-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Archi)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (oppg‘𝑊) ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑎 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 0 < 𝑎) → ∃𝑏 ∈ 𝐵 ( 0 < 𝑏 ∧ 𝑏 < 𝑎))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑐 ∈ 𝐵 ( 0 < 𝑐 ∧ (𝑐 + 𝑐) ≤ 𝑋))
Theorem	archiabllem2c 32943*	Lemma for archiabl 32946. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Archi)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (oppg‘𝑊) ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑎 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 0 < 𝑎) → ∃𝑏 ∈ 𝐵 ( 0 < 𝑏 ∧ 𝑏 < 𝑎))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ¬ (𝑋 + 𝑌) < (𝑌 + 𝑋))
Theorem	archiabllem2b 32944*	Lemma for archiabl 32946. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Archi)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (oppg‘𝑊) ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑎 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 0 < 𝑎) → ∃𝑏 ∈ 𝐵 ( 0 < 𝑏 ∧ 𝑏 < 𝑎))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋 + 𝑌) = (𝑌 + 𝑋))
Theorem	archiabllem2 32945*	Archimedean ordered groups with no minimal positive value are abelian. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-May-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ < = (lt‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = (.g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Archi)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (oppg‘𝑊) ∈ oGrp)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑎 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 0 < 𝑎) → ∃𝑏 ∈ 𝐵 ( 0 < 𝑏 ∧ 𝑏 < 𝑎))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ Abel)
Theorem	archiabl 32946	Archimedean left- and right- ordered groups are Abelian. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-May-2018.)
⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ oGrp ∧ (oppg‘𝑊) ∈ oGrp ∧ 𝑊 ∈ Archi) → 𝑊 ∈ Abel)
21.3.9.13  Semiring left modules
Syntax	cslmd 32947	Extend class notation with class of all semimodules.
class SLMod
Definition	df-slmd 32948*	Define the class of all (left) modules over semirings, i.e. semimodules, which are generalizations of left modules. A semimodule is a commutative monoid (=vectors) together with a semiring (=scalars) and a left scalar product connecting them. (0[,]+∞) for example is not a full fledged left module, but is a semimodule. Definition of [Golan] p. 149. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 21-Mar-2018.)
⊢ SLMod = {𝑔 ∈ CMnd ∣ [(Base‘𝑔) / 𝑣][(+g‘𝑔) / 𝑎][( ·𝑠 ‘𝑔) / 𝑠][(Scalar‘𝑔) / 𝑓][(Base‘𝑓) / 𝑘][(+g‘𝑓) / 𝑝][(.r‘𝑓) / 𝑡](𝑓 ∈ SRing ∧ ∀𝑞 ∈ 𝑘 ∀𝑟 ∈ 𝑘 ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑣 ∀𝑤 ∈ 𝑣 (((𝑟𝑠𝑤) ∈ 𝑣 ∧ (𝑟𝑠(𝑤𝑎𝑥)) = ((𝑟𝑠𝑤)𝑎(𝑟𝑠𝑥)) ∧ ((𝑞𝑝𝑟)𝑠𝑤) = ((𝑞𝑠𝑤)𝑎(𝑟𝑠𝑤))) ∧ (((𝑞𝑡𝑟)𝑠𝑤) = (𝑞𝑠(𝑟𝑠𝑤)) ∧ ((1r‘𝑓)𝑠𝑤) = 𝑤 ∧ ((0g‘𝑓)𝑠𝑤) = (0g‘𝑔))))}
Theorem	isslmd 32949*	The predicate "is a semimodule". (Contributed by NM, 4-Nov-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ ⨣ = (+g‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (0g‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑊 ∈ SLMod ↔ (𝑊 ∈ CMnd ∧ 𝐹 ∈ SRing ∧ ∀𝑞 ∈ 𝐾 ∀𝑟 ∈ 𝐾 ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑉 ∀𝑤 ∈ 𝑉 (((𝑟 · 𝑤) ∈ 𝑉 ∧ (𝑟 · (𝑤 + 𝑥)) = ((𝑟 · 𝑤) + (𝑟 · 𝑥)) ∧ ((𝑞 ⨣ 𝑟) · 𝑤) = ((𝑞 · 𝑤) + (𝑟 · 𝑤))) ∧ (((𝑞 × 𝑟) · 𝑤) = (𝑞 · (𝑟 · 𝑤)) ∧ ( 1 · 𝑤) = 𝑤 ∧ (𝑂 · 𝑤) = 0 ))))
Theorem	slmdlema 32950	Lemma for properties of a semimodule. (Contributed by NM, 8-Dec-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ ⨣ = (+g‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (0g‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ (𝑄 ∈ 𝐾 ∧ 𝑅 ∈ 𝐾) ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉)) → (((𝑅 · 𝑌) ∈ 𝑉 ∧ (𝑅 · (𝑌 + 𝑋)) = ((𝑅 · 𝑌) + (𝑅 · 𝑋)) ∧ ((𝑄 ⨣ 𝑅) · 𝑌) = ((𝑄 · 𝑌) + (𝑅 · 𝑌))) ∧ (((𝑄 × 𝑅) · 𝑌) = (𝑄 · (𝑅 · 𝑌)) ∧ ( 1 · 𝑌) = 𝑌 ∧ (𝑂 · 𝑌) = 0 )))
Theorem	lmodslmd 32951	Left semimodules generalize the notion of left modules. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ (𝑊 ∈ LMod → 𝑊 ∈ SLMod)
Theorem	slmdcmn 32952	A semimodule is a commutative monoid. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ (𝑊 ∈ SLMod → 𝑊 ∈ CMnd)
Theorem	slmdmnd 32953	A semimodule is a monoid. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ (𝑊 ∈ SLMod → 𝑊 ∈ Mnd)
Theorem	slmdsrg 32954	The scalar component of a semimodule is a semiring. (Contributed by NM, 8-Dec-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑊 ∈ SLMod → 𝐹 ∈ SRing)
Theorem	slmdbn0 32955	The base set of a semimodule is nonempty. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 10-Jan-2023.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑊 ∈ SLMod → 𝐵 ≠ ∅)
Theorem	slmdacl 32956	Closure of ring addition for a semimodule. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝐾 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝐾) → (𝑋 + 𝑌) ∈ 𝐾)
Theorem	slmdmcl 32957	Closure of ring multiplication for a semimodule. (Contributed by NM, 14-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝐾 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝐾) → (𝑋 · 𝑌) ∈ 𝐾)
Theorem	slmdsn0 32958	The set of scalars in a semimodule is nonempty. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 10-Jan-2023.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑊 ∈ SLMod → 𝐵 ≠ ∅)
Theorem	slmdvacl 32959	Closure of vector addition for a semiring left module. (Contributed by NM, 8-Dec-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑋 + 𝑌) ∈ 𝑉)
Theorem	slmdass 32960	Semiring left module vector sum is associative. (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑍 ∈ 𝑉)) → ((𝑋 + 𝑌) + 𝑍) = (𝑋 + (𝑌 + 𝑍)))
Theorem	slmdvscl 32961	Closure of scalar product for a semiring left module. (hvmulcl 30862 analog.) (Contributed by NM, 8-Dec-2013.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ 𝑅 ∈ 𝐾 ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑅 · 𝑋) ∈ 𝑉)
Theorem	slmdvsdi 32962	Distributive law for scalar product. (ax-hvdistr1 30857 analog.) (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 22-Sep-2015.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ (𝑅 ∈ 𝐾 ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉)) → (𝑅 · (𝑋 + 𝑌)) = ((𝑅 · 𝑋) + (𝑅 · 𝑌)))
Theorem	slmdvsdir 32963	Distributive law for scalar product. (ax-hvdistr1 30857 analog.) (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 22-Sep-2015.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ ⨣ = (+g‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ (𝑄 ∈ 𝐾 ∧ 𝑅 ∈ 𝐾 ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)) → ((𝑄 ⨣ 𝑅) · 𝑋) = ((𝑄 · 𝑋) + (𝑅 · 𝑋)))
Theorem	slmdvsass 32964	Associative law for scalar product. (ax-hvmulass 30856 analog.) (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 22-Sep-2015.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ (𝑄 ∈ 𝐾 ∧ 𝑅 ∈ 𝐾 ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)) → ((𝑄 × 𝑅) · 𝑋) = (𝑄 · (𝑅 · 𝑋)))
Theorem	slmd0cl 32965	The ring zero in a semimodule belongs to the ring base set. (Contributed by NM, 11-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑊 ∈ SLMod → 0 ∈ 𝐾)
Theorem	slmd1cl 32966	The ring unity in a semiring left module belongs to the ring base set. (Contributed by NM, 11-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑊 ∈ SLMod → 1 ∈ 𝐾)
Theorem	slmdvs1 32967	Scalar product with ring unity. (ax-hvmulid 30855 analog.) (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝐹)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉) → ( 1 · 𝑋) = 𝑋)
Theorem	slmd0vcl 32968	The zero vector is a vector. (ax-hv0cl 30852 analog.) (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑊 ∈ SLMod → 0 ∈ 𝑉)
Theorem	slmd0vlid 32969	Left identity law for the zero vector. (hvaddlid 30872 analog.) (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉) → ( 0 + 𝑋) = 𝑋)
Theorem	slmd0vrid 32970	Right identity law for the zero vector. (ax-hvaddid 30853 analog.) (Contributed by NM, 10-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑋 + 0 ) = 𝑋)
Theorem	slmd0vs 32971	Zero times a vector is the zero vector. Equation 1a of [Kreyszig] p. 51. (ax-hvmul0 30859 analog.) (Contributed by NM, 12-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (0g‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑂 · 𝑋) = 0 )
Theorem	slmdvs0 32972	Anything times the zero vector is the zero vector. Equation 1b of [Kreyszig] p. 51. (hvmul0 30873 analog.) (Contributed by NM, 12-Jan-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Jun-2014.) (Revised by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑊 ∈ SLMod ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝐾) → (𝑋 · 0 ) = 0 )
Theorem	gsumvsca1 32973*	Scalar product of a finite group sum for a left module over a semiring. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 16-Mar-2018.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ⊆ (Base‘𝐺))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ Fin)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ SLMod)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 ∈ 𝐾)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝑄 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑊 Σg (𝑘 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ (𝑃 · 𝑄))) = (𝑃 · (𝑊 Σg (𝑘 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝑄))))
Theorem	gsumvsca2 32974*	Scalar product of a finite group sum for a left module over a semiring. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 16-Mar-2018.) (Proof shortened by AV, 12-Dec-2019.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = (Scalar‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ⊆ (Base‘𝐺))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ Fin)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ SLMod)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑄 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝑃 ∈ 𝐾)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑊 Σg (𝑘 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ (𝑃 · 𝑄))) = ((𝐺 Σg (𝑘 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝑃)) · 𝑄))
21.3.9.14  Simple groups
Theorem	prmsimpcyc 32975	A group of prime order is cyclic if and only if it is simple. This is the first family of finite simple groups. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 21-Sep-2023.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝐺)    ⇒   ⊢ ((♯‘𝐵) ∈ ℙ → (𝐺 ∈ SimpGrp ↔ 𝐺 ∈ CycGrp))
21.3.9.15  Rings - misc additions
Theorem	cringmul32d 32976	Commutative/associative law that swaps the last two factors in a triple product in a commutative ring. See also mul32 11405. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 4-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ CRing)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑍 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑋 · 𝑌) · 𝑍) = ((𝑋 · 𝑍) · 𝑌))
Theorem	ringdid 32977	Distributive law for the multiplication operation of a ring (left-distributivity). (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 4-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑍 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋 · (𝑌 + 𝑍)) = ((𝑋 · 𝑌) + (𝑋 · 𝑍)))
Theorem	ringdird 32978	Distributive law for the multiplication operation of a ring (right-distributivity). (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 4-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑍 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑋 + 𝑌) · 𝑍) = ((𝑋 · 𝑍) + (𝑌 · 𝑍)))
Theorem	urpropd 32979*	Sufficient condition for ring unities to be equal. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 9-Mar-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ∈ 𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑇))    &   ⊢ (((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵) ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝑥(.r‘𝑆)𝑦) = (𝑥(.r‘𝑇)𝑦))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (1r‘𝑆) = (1r‘𝑇))
Theorem	frobrhm 32980*	In a commutative ring with prime characteristic, the Frobenius function 𝐹 is a ring endomorphism, thus named the Frobenius endomorphism. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 31-May-2024.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑃 = (chr‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ↑ = (.g‘(mulGrp‘𝑅))    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 ↦ (𝑃 ↑ 𝑥))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ CRing)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 ∈ ℙ)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (𝑅 RingHom 𝑅))
Theorem	ress1r 32981	1r is unaffected by restriction. This is a bit more generic than subrg1 20520. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 6-Sep-2018.)
⊢ 𝑆 = (𝑅 ↾s 𝐴)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 1 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵) → 1 = (1r‘𝑆))
Theorem	ringinvval 32982*	The ring inverse expressed in terms of multiplication. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 23-Oct-2017.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ∗ = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (invr‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = (Unit‘𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋 ∈ 𝑈) → (𝑁‘𝑋) = (℩𝑦 ∈ 𝑈 (𝑦 ∗ 𝑋) = 1 ))
Theorem	dvrcan5 32983	Cancellation law for common factor in ratio. (divcan5 11941 analog.) (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 26-Oct-2016.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = (Unit‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ / = (/r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ (𝑋 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑌 ∈ 𝑈 ∧ 𝑍 ∈ 𝑈)) → ((𝑋 · 𝑍) / (𝑌 · 𝑍)) = (𝑋 / 𝑌))
Theorem	subrgchr 32984	If 𝐴 is a subring of 𝑅, then they have the same characteristic. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 24-Feb-2018.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ (SubRing‘𝑅) → (chr‘(𝑅 ↾s 𝐴)) = (chr‘𝑅))
Theorem	rmfsupp2 32985*	A mapping of a multiplication of a constant with a function into a ring is finitely supported if the function is finitely supported. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 3-Jun-2023.)
⊢ 𝑅 = (Base‘𝑀)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ Ring)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑉 ∈ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑣 ∈ 𝑉) → 𝐶 ∈ 𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴:𝑉⟶𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 finSupp (0g‘𝑀))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑣 ∈ 𝑉 ↦ ((𝐴‘𝑣)(.r‘𝑀)𝐶)) finSupp (0g‘𝑀))
Theorem	unitnz 32986	In a nonzero ring, a unit cannot be zero. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 25-Apr-2025.)
⊢ 𝑈 = (Unit‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ NzRing)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑈)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ≠ 0 )
21.3.9.16  The zero ring
Theorem	irrednzr 32987	A ring with an irreducible element cannot be the zero ring. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 18-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐼 = (Irred‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐼)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ NzRing)
Theorem	0ringsubrg 32988	A subring of a zero ring is a zero ring. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 5-Feb-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝐵) = 1)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ (SubRing‘𝑅))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝑆) = 1)
Theorem	0ringcring 32989	The zero ring is commutative. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 18-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (♯‘𝐵) = 1)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ CRing)
21.3.9.17  Localization of rings
Syntax	cerl 32990	Syntax for ring localization equivalence class operation.
class ~RL
Syntax	crloc 32991	Syntax for ring localization operation.
class RLocal
Definition	df-erl 32992*	Define the operation giving the equivalence relation used in the localization of a ring 𝑟 by a set 𝑠. Two pairs 𝑎 = ⟨𝑥, 𝑦⟩ and 𝑏 = ⟨𝑧, 𝑤⟩ are equivalent if there exists 𝑡 ∈ 𝑠 such that 𝑡 · (𝑥 · 𝑤 − 𝑧 · 𝑦) = 0. This corresponds to the usual comparison of fractions 𝑥 / 𝑦 and 𝑧 / 𝑤. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 28-Apr-2025.)
⊢ ~RL = (𝑟 ∈ V, 𝑠 ∈ V ↦ ⦋(.r‘𝑟) / 𝑥⦌⦋((Base‘𝑟) × 𝑠) / 𝑤⦌{⟨𝑎, 𝑏⟩ ∣ ((𝑎 ∈ 𝑤 ∧ 𝑏 ∈ 𝑤) ∧ ∃𝑡 ∈ 𝑠 (𝑡𝑥(((1st ‘𝑎)𝑥(2nd ‘𝑏))(-g‘𝑟)((1st ‘𝑏)𝑥(2nd ‘𝑎)))) = (0g‘𝑟))})
Definition	df-rloc 32993*	Define the operation giving the localization of a ring 𝑟 by a given set 𝑠. The localized ring 𝑟 RLocal 𝑠 is the set of equivalence classes of pairs of elements in 𝑟 over the relation 𝑟 ~RL 𝑠 with addition and multiplication defined naturally. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 27-Apr-2025.)
⊢ RLocal = (𝑟 ∈ V, 𝑠 ∈ V ↦ ⦋(.r‘𝑟) / 𝑥⦌⦋((Base‘𝑟) × 𝑠) / 𝑤⦌((({⟨(Base‘ndx), 𝑤⟩, ⟨(+g‘ndx), (𝑎 ∈ 𝑤, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑤 ↦ ⟨(((1st ‘𝑎)𝑥(2nd ‘𝑏))(+g‘𝑟)((1st ‘𝑏)𝑥(2nd ‘𝑎))), ((2nd ‘𝑎)𝑥(2nd ‘𝑏))⟩)⟩, ⟨(.r‘ndx), (𝑎 ∈ 𝑤, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑤 ↦ ⟨((1st ‘𝑎)𝑥(1st ‘𝑏)), ((2nd ‘𝑎)𝑥(2nd ‘𝑏))⟩)⟩} ∪ {⟨(Scalar‘ndx), (Scalar‘𝑟)⟩, ⟨( ·𝑠 ‘ndx), (𝑘 ∈ (Base‘(Scalar‘𝑟)), 𝑎 ∈ 𝑤 ↦ ⟨(𝑘( ·𝑠 ‘𝑟)(1st ‘𝑎)), (2nd ‘𝑎)⟩)⟩, ⟨(·𝑖‘ndx), ∅⟩}) ∪ {⟨(TopSet‘ndx), ((TopSet‘𝑟) ×t ((TopSet‘𝑟) ↾t 𝑠))⟩, ⟨(le‘ndx), {⟨𝑎, 𝑏⟩ ∣ ((𝑎 ∈ 𝑤 ∧ 𝑏 ∈ 𝑤) ∧ ((1st ‘𝑎)𝑥(2nd ‘𝑏))(le‘𝑟)((1st ‘𝑏)𝑥(2nd ‘𝑎)))}⟩, ⟨(dist‘ndx), (𝑎 ∈ 𝑤, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑤 ↦ (((1st ‘𝑎)𝑥(2nd ‘𝑏))(dist‘𝑟)((1st ‘𝑏)𝑥(2nd ‘𝑎))))⟩}) /s (𝑟 ~RL 𝑠)))
Theorem	reldmrloc 32994	Ring localization is a proper operator, so it can be used with ovprc1 7452. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 10-May-2025.)
⊢ Rel dom RLocal
Theorem	erlval 32995*	Value of the ring localization equivalence relation. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 4-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑊 = (𝐵 × 𝑆)    &   ⊢ ∼ = {⟨𝑎, 𝑏⟩ ∣ ((𝑎 ∈ 𝑊 ∧ 𝑏 ∈ 𝑊) ∧ ∃𝑡 ∈ 𝑆 (𝑡 · (((1st ‘𝑎) · (2nd ‘𝑏)) − ((1st ‘𝑏) · (2nd ‘𝑎)))) = 0 )}    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ⊆ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑅 ~RL 𝑆) = ∼ )
Theorem	rlocval 32996*	Expand the value of the ring localization operation. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 4-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ≤ = (le‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = (Base‘𝐹)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑊 = (𝐵 × 𝑆)    &   ⊢ ∼ = (𝑅 ~RL 𝑆)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = (TopSet‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝐷 = (dist‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ⊕ = (𝑎 ∈ 𝑊, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑊 ↦ ⟨(((1st ‘𝑎) · (2nd ‘𝑏)) + ((1st ‘𝑏) · (2nd ‘𝑎))), ((2nd ‘𝑎) · (2nd ‘𝑏))⟩)    &   ⊢ ⊗ = (𝑎 ∈ 𝑊, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑊 ↦ ⟨((1st ‘𝑎) · (1st ‘𝑏)), ((2nd ‘𝑎) · (2nd ‘𝑏))⟩)    &   ⊢ × = (𝑘 ∈ 𝐾, 𝑎 ∈ 𝑊 ↦ ⟨(𝑘𝐶(1st ‘𝑎)), (2nd ‘𝑎)⟩)    &   ⊢ ≲ = {⟨𝑎, 𝑏⟩ ∣ ((𝑎 ∈ 𝑊 ∧ 𝑏 ∈ 𝑊) ∧ ((1st ‘𝑎) · (2nd ‘𝑏)) ≤ ((1st ‘𝑏) · (2nd ‘𝑎)))}    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = (𝑎 ∈ 𝑊, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑊 ↦ (((1st ‘𝑎) · (2nd ‘𝑏))𝐷((1st ‘𝑏) · (2nd ‘𝑎))))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ⊆ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑅 RLocal 𝑆) = ((({⟨(Base‘ndx), 𝑊⟩, ⟨(+g‘ndx), ⊕ ⟩, ⟨(.r‘ndx), ⊗ ⟩} ∪ {⟨(Scalar‘ndx), 𝐹⟩, ⟨( ·𝑠 ‘ndx), × ⟩, ⟨(·𝑖‘ndx), ∅⟩}) ∪ {⟨(TopSet‘ndx), (𝐽 ×t (𝐽 ↾t 𝑆))⟩, ⟨(le‘ndx), ≲ ⟩, ⟨(dist‘ndx), 𝐸⟩}) /s ∼ ))
Theorem	erlcl1 32997	Closure for the ring localization equivalence relation. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 4-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ∼ = (𝑅 ~RL 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ⊆ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∼ 𝑉)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ (𝐵 × 𝑆))
Theorem	erlcl2 32998	Closure for the ring localization equivalence relation. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 4-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ∼ = (𝑅 ~RL 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ⊆ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∼ 𝑉)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑉 ∈ (𝐵 × 𝑆))
Theorem	erldi 32999*	Main property of the ring localization equivalence relation. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 4-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ∼ = (𝑅 ~RL 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ⊆ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∼ 𝑉)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑡 ∈ 𝑆 (𝑡 · (((1st ‘𝑈) · (2nd ‘𝑉)) − ((1st ‘𝑉) · (2nd ‘𝑈)))) = 0 )
Theorem	erlbrd 33000	Deduce the ring localization equivalence relation. If for some 𝑇 ∈ 𝑆 we have 𝑇 · (𝐸 · 𝐻 − 𝐹 · 𝐺) = 0, then pairs ⟨𝐸, 𝐺⟩ and ⟨𝐹, 𝐻⟩ are equivalent under the localization relation. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 4-May-2025.)
⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ∼ = (𝑅 ~RL 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ⊆ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 = ⟨𝐸, 𝐺⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑉 = ⟨𝐹, 𝐻⟩)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐸 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐻 ∈ 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ∈ 𝑆)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑇 · ((𝐸 · 𝐻) − (𝐹 · 𝐺))) = 0 )    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∼ 𝑉)