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Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer - 20201-20300   *Has distinct variable group(s)
TypeLabelDescription
Statement
 
Theoremringmgm 20201 A ring is a magma. (Contributed by AV, 31-Jan-2020.)
(𝑅 ∈ Ring → 𝑅 ∈ Mgm)
 
Theoremcrngring 20202 A commutative ring is a ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 7-Jan-2015.)
(𝑅 ∈ CRing → 𝑅 ∈ Ring)
 
Theoremcrngringd 20203 A commutative ring is a ring. (Contributed by SN, 16-May-2024.)
(𝜑𝑅 ∈ CRing)       (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)
 
Theoremcrnggrpd 20204 A commutative ring is a group. (Contributed by SN, 16-May-2024.)
(𝜑𝑅 ∈ CRing)       (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Grp)
 
Theoremmgpf 20205 Restricted functionality of the multiplicative group on rings. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Mar-2015.)
(mulGrp ↾ Ring):Ring⟶Mnd
 
Theoremringdilem 20206 Properties of a unital ring. (Contributed by NM, 26-Aug-2011.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-Jan-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ (𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵𝑍𝐵)) → ((𝑋 · (𝑌 + 𝑍)) = ((𝑋 · 𝑌) + (𝑋 · 𝑍)) ∧ ((𝑋 + 𝑌) · 𝑍) = ((𝑋 · 𝑍) + (𝑌 · 𝑍))))
 
Theoremringcl 20207 Closure of the multiplication operation of a ring. (Contributed by NM, 26-Aug-2011.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-Jan-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵) → (𝑋 · 𝑌) ∈ 𝐵)
 
Theoremcrngcom 20208 A commutative ring's multiplication operation is commutative. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 7-Jan-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵) → (𝑋 · 𝑌) = (𝑌 · 𝑋))
 
Theoremiscrng2 20209* A commutative ring is a ring whose multiplication is a commutative monoid. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 15-Jun-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       (𝑅 ∈ CRing ↔ (𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ ∀𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵 (𝑥 · 𝑦) = (𝑦 · 𝑥)))
 
Theoremringass 20210 Associative law for multiplication in a ring. (Contributed by NM, 27-Aug-2011.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-Jan-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ (𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵𝑍𝐵)) → ((𝑋 · 𝑌) · 𝑍) = (𝑋 · (𝑌 · 𝑍)))
 
Theoremringideu 20211* The unity element of a ring is unique. (Contributed by NM, 27-Aug-2011.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-Jan-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       (𝑅 ∈ Ring → ∃!𝑢𝐵𝑥𝐵 ((𝑢 · 𝑥) = 𝑥 ∧ (𝑥 · 𝑢) = 𝑥))
 
Theoremcrngcomd 20212 Multiplication is commutative in a commutative ring. (Contributed by SN, 8-Mar-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ CRing)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)       (𝜑 → (𝑋 · 𝑌) = (𝑌 · 𝑋))
 
Theoremcrngbascntr 20213 The base set of a commutative ring is its center. (Contributed by SN, 21-Mar-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝐺)    &   𝑍 = (Cntr‘(mulGrp‘𝐺))       (𝐺 ∈ CRing → 𝐵 = 𝑍)
 
Theoremringassd 20214 Associative law for multiplication in a ring. (Contributed by SN, 14-Aug-2024.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑍𝐵)       (𝜑 → ((𝑋 · 𝑌) · 𝑍) = (𝑋 · (𝑌 · 𝑍)))
 
Theoremcrng12d 20215 Commutative/associative law that swaps the first two factors in a triple product. (Contributed by SN, 8-Mar-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ CRing)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑍𝐵)       (𝜑 → (𝑋 · (𝑌 · 𝑍)) = (𝑌 · (𝑋 · 𝑍)))
 
Theoremringcld 20216 Closure of the multiplication operation of a ring. (Contributed by SN, 29-Jul-2024.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)       (𝜑 → (𝑋 · 𝑌) ∈ 𝐵)
 
Theoremringdi 20217 Distributive law for the multiplication operation of a ring (left-distributivity). (Contributed by Steve Rodriguez, 9-Sep-2007.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ (𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵𝑍𝐵)) → (𝑋 · (𝑌 + 𝑍)) = ((𝑋 · 𝑌) + (𝑋 · 𝑍)))
 
Theoremringdir 20218 Distributive law for the multiplication operation of a ring (right-distributivity). (Contributed by Steve Rodriguez, 9-Sep-2007.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ (𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵𝑍𝐵)) → ((𝑋 + 𝑌) · 𝑍) = ((𝑋 · 𝑍) + (𝑌 · 𝑍)))
 
Theoremringidcl 20219 The unity element of a ring belongs to the base set of the ring. (Contributed by NM, 27-Aug-2011.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-Dec-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)       (𝑅 ∈ Ring → 1𝐵)
 
Theoremring0cl 20220 The zero element of a ring belongs to its base set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 12-Jan-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)       (𝑅 ∈ Ring → 0𝐵)
 
Theoremringidmlem 20221 Lemma for ringlidm 20222 and ringridm 20223. (Contributed by NM, 15-Sep-2011.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 27-Dec-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵) → (( 1 · 𝑋) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑋 · 1 ) = 𝑋))
 
Theoremringlidm 20222 The unity element of a ring is a left multiplicative identity. (Contributed by NM, 15-Sep-2011.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵) → ( 1 · 𝑋) = 𝑋)
 
Theoremringridm 20223 The unity element of a ring is a right multiplicative identity. (Contributed by NM, 15-Sep-2011.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵) → (𝑋 · 1 ) = 𝑋)
 
Theoremisringid 20224* Properties showing that an element 𝐼 is the unity element of a ring. (Contributed by NM, 7-Aug-2013.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)       (𝑅 ∈ Ring → ((𝐼𝐵 ∧ ∀𝑥𝐵 ((𝐼 · 𝑥) = 𝑥 ∧ (𝑥 · 𝐼) = 𝑥)) ↔ 1 = 𝐼))
 
Theoremringlidmd 20225 The unity element of a ring is a left multiplicative identity. (Contributed by SN, 14-Aug-2024.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)       (𝜑 → ( 1 · 𝑋) = 𝑋)
 
Theoremringridmd 20226 The unity element of a ring is a right multiplicative identity. (Contributed by SN, 14-Aug-2024.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)       (𝜑 → (𝑋 · 1 ) = 𝑋)
 
Theoremringid 20227* The multiplication operation of a unital ring has (one or more) identity elements. (Contributed by Steve Rodriguez, 9-Sep-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 22-Dec-2013.) (Revised by AV, 24-Aug-2021.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵) → ∃𝑢𝐵 ((𝑢 · 𝑋) = 𝑋 ∧ (𝑋 · 𝑢) = 𝑋))
 
Theoremringo2times 20228 A ring element plus itself is two times the element. "Two" in an arbitrary unital ring is the sum of the unity element with itself. (Contributed by AV, 24-Aug-2021.) Variant of o2timesd 20167 for rings. (Revised by AV, 5-Feb-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝐴𝐵) → (𝐴 + 𝐴) = (( 1 + 1 ) · 𝐴))
 
Theoremringadd2 20229* A ring element plus itself is two times the element. (Contributed by Steve Rodriguez, 9-Sep-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 22-Dec-2013.) (Revised by AV, 24-Aug-2021.) (Proof shortened by AV, 1-Feb-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵) → ∃𝑥𝐵 (𝑋 + 𝑋) = ((𝑥 + 𝑥) · 𝑋))
 
Theoremringidss 20230 A subset of the multiplicative group has the multiplicative identity as its identity if the identity is in the subset. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 27-Dec-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 30-Apr-2015.)
𝑀 = ((mulGrp‘𝑅) ↾s 𝐴)    &   𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝐴𝐵1𝐴) → 1 = (0g𝑀))
 
Theoremringacl 20231 Closure of the addition operation of a ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Jan-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵) → (𝑋 + 𝑌) ∈ 𝐵)
 
Theoremringcomlem 20232 Lemma for ringcom 20233. This (formerly) part of the proof for ringcom 20233 is also applicable for semirings (without using the commutativity of the addition given per definition of a semiring), see srgcom4lem 20170. (Contributed by Gérard Lang, 4-Dec-2014.) Variant of rglcom4d 20168 for rings. (Revised by AV, 5-Feb-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵) → ((𝑋 + 𝑋) + (𝑌 + 𝑌)) = ((𝑋 + 𝑌) + (𝑋 + 𝑌)))
 
Theoremringcom 20233 Commutativity of the additive group of a ring. (See also lmodcom 20808.) This proof requires the existence of a multiplicative identity, and the existence of additive inverses. Therefore, this proof is not applicable for semirings. (Contributed by Gérard Lang, 4-Dec-2014.) (Proof shortened by AV, 1-Feb-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵) → (𝑋 + 𝑌) = (𝑌 + 𝑋))
 
Theoremringabl 20234 A ring is an Abelian group. (Contributed by NM, 26-Aug-2011.)
(𝑅 ∈ Ring → 𝑅 ∈ Abel)
 
Theoremringcmn 20235 A ring is a commutative monoid. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 7-Jan-2015.)
(𝑅 ∈ Ring → 𝑅 ∈ CMnd)
 
Theoremringabld 20236 A ring is an Abelian group. (Contributed by SN, 1-Jun-2024.)
(𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)       (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Abel)
 
Theoremringcmnd 20237 A ring is a commutative monoid. (Contributed by SN, 1-Jun-2024.)
(𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)       (𝜑𝑅 ∈ CMnd)
 
Theoremringrng 20238 A unital ring is a non-unital ring. (Contributed by AV, 6-Jan-2020.)
(𝑅 ∈ Ring → 𝑅 ∈ Rng)
 
Theoremringssrng 20239 The unital rings are non-unital rings. (Contributed by AV, 20-Mar-2020.)
Ring ⊆ Rng
 
Theoremisringrng 20240* The predicate "is a unital ring" as extension of the predicate "is a non-unital ring". (Contributed by AV, 17-Feb-2020.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       (𝑅 ∈ Ring ↔ (𝑅 ∈ Rng ∧ ∃𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵 ((𝑥 · 𝑦) = 𝑦 ∧ (𝑦 · 𝑥) = 𝑦)))
 
Theoremringpropd 20241* If two structures have the same base set, and the values of their group (addition) and ring (multiplication) operations are equal for all pairs of elements of the base set, one is a ring iff the other one is. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-Dec-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-Jan-2015.)
(𝜑𝐵 = (Base‘𝐾))    &   (𝜑𝐵 = (Base‘𝐿))    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵)) → (𝑥(+g𝐾)𝑦) = (𝑥(+g𝐿)𝑦))    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵)) → (𝑥(.r𝐾)𝑦) = (𝑥(.r𝐿)𝑦))       (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ Ring ↔ 𝐿 ∈ Ring))
 
Theoremcrngpropd 20242* If two structures have the same group components (properties), one is a commutative ring iff the other one is. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 8-Feb-2015.)
(𝜑𝐵 = (Base‘𝐾))    &   (𝜑𝐵 = (Base‘𝐿))    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵)) → (𝑥(+g𝐾)𝑦) = (𝑥(+g𝐿)𝑦))    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵)) → (𝑥(.r𝐾)𝑦) = (𝑥(.r𝐿)𝑦))       (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ CRing ↔ 𝐿 ∈ CRing))
 
Theoremringprop 20243 If two structures have the same ring components (properties), one is a ring iff the other one is. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Oct-2013.)
(Base‘𝐾) = (Base‘𝐿)    &   (+g𝐾) = (+g𝐿)    &   (.r𝐾) = (.r𝐿)       (𝐾 ∈ Ring ↔ 𝐿 ∈ Ring)
 
Theoremisringd 20244* Properties that determine a ring. (Contributed by NM, 2-Aug-2013.)
(𝜑𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅))    &   (𝜑+ = (+g𝑅))    &   (𝜑· = (.r𝑅))    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Grp)    &   ((𝜑𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵) → (𝑥 · 𝑦) ∈ 𝐵)    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵𝑧𝐵)) → ((𝑥 · 𝑦) · 𝑧) = (𝑥 · (𝑦 · 𝑧)))    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵𝑧𝐵)) → (𝑥 · (𝑦 + 𝑧)) = ((𝑥 · 𝑦) + (𝑥 · 𝑧)))    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵𝑧𝐵)) → ((𝑥 + 𝑦) · 𝑧) = ((𝑥 · 𝑧) + (𝑦 · 𝑧)))    &   (𝜑1𝐵)    &   ((𝜑𝑥𝐵) → ( 1 · 𝑥) = 𝑥)    &   ((𝜑𝑥𝐵) → (𝑥 · 1 ) = 𝑥)       (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)
 
Theoremiscrngd 20245* Properties that determine a commutative ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 7-Jan-2015.)
(𝜑𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅))    &   (𝜑+ = (+g𝑅))    &   (𝜑· = (.r𝑅))    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Grp)    &   ((𝜑𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵) → (𝑥 · 𝑦) ∈ 𝐵)    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵𝑧𝐵)) → ((𝑥 · 𝑦) · 𝑧) = (𝑥 · (𝑦 · 𝑧)))    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵𝑧𝐵)) → (𝑥 · (𝑦 + 𝑧)) = ((𝑥 · 𝑦) + (𝑥 · 𝑧)))    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵𝑧𝐵)) → ((𝑥 + 𝑦) · 𝑧) = ((𝑥 · 𝑧) + (𝑦 · 𝑧)))    &   (𝜑1𝐵)    &   ((𝜑𝑥𝐵) → ( 1 · 𝑥) = 𝑥)    &   ((𝜑𝑥𝐵) → (𝑥 · 1 ) = 𝑥)    &   ((𝜑𝑥𝐵𝑦𝐵) → (𝑥 · 𝑦) = (𝑦 · 𝑥))       (𝜑𝑅 ∈ CRing)
 
Theoremringlz 20246 The zero of a unital ring is a left-absorbing element. (Contributed by FL, 31-Aug-2009.) (Proof shortened by AV, 30-Mar-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵) → ( 0 · 𝑋) = 0 )
 
Theoremringrz 20247 The zero of a unital ring is a right-absorbing element. (Contributed by FL, 31-Aug-2009.) (Proof shortened by AV, 30-Mar-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵) → (𝑋 · 0 ) = 0 )
 
Theoremringlzd 20248 The zero of a unital ring is a left-absorbing element. (Contributed by SN, 7-Mar-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)       (𝜑 → ( 0 · 𝑋) = 0 )
 
Theoremringrzd 20249 The zero of a unital ring is a right-absorbing element. (Contributed by SN, 7-Mar-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)       (𝜑 → (𝑋 · 0 ) = 0 )
 
Theoremringsrg 20250 Any ring is also a semiring. (Contributed by Thierry Arnoux, 1-Apr-2018.)
(𝑅 ∈ Ring → 𝑅 ∈ SRing)
 
Theoremring1eq0 20251 If one and zero are equal, then any two elements of a ring are equal. Alternately, every ring has one distinct from zero except the zero ring containing the single element {0}. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 10-Sep-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵) → ( 1 = 0𝑋 = 𝑌))
 
Theoremring1ne0 20252 If a ring has at least two elements, its one and zero are different. (Contributed by AV, 13-Apr-2019.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 1 < (♯‘𝐵)) → 10 )
 
Theoremringinvnz1ne0 20253* In a unital ring, a left invertible element is different from zero iff 10. (Contributed by FL, 18-Apr-2010.) (Revised by AV, 24-Aug-2021.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑 → ∃𝑎𝐵 (𝑎 · 𝑋) = 1 )       (𝜑 → (𝑋010 ))
 
Theoremringinvnzdiv 20254* In a unital ring, a left invertible element is not a zero divisor. (Contributed by FL, 18-Apr-2010.) (Revised by Jeff Madsen, 18-Apr-2010.) (Revised by AV, 24-Aug-2021.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑 → ∃𝑎𝐵 (𝑎 · 𝑋) = 1 )    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)       (𝜑 → ((𝑋 · 𝑌) = 0𝑌 = 0 ))
 
Theoremringnegl 20255 Negation in a ring is the same as left multiplication by -1. (rngonegmn1l 37547 analog.) (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 19-Jun-2010.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 2-Jul-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)    &   𝑁 = (invg𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)       (𝜑 → ((𝑁1 ) · 𝑋) = (𝑁𝑋))
 
Theoremringnegr 20256 Negation in a ring is the same as right multiplication by -1. (rngonegmn1r 37548 analog.) (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 19-Jun-2010.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 2-Jul-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)    &   𝑁 = (invg𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)       (𝜑 → (𝑋 · (𝑁1 )) = (𝑁𝑋))
 
Theoremringmneg1 20257 Negation of a product in a ring. (mulneg1 11687 analog.) Compared with rngmneg1 20124, the proof is shorter making use of the existence of a ring unity. (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 19-Jun-2010.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 2-Jul-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   𝑁 = (invg𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)       (𝜑 → ((𝑁𝑋) · 𝑌) = (𝑁‘(𝑋 · 𝑌)))
 
Theoremringmneg2 20258 Negation of a product in a ring. (mulneg2 11688 analog.) Compared with rngmneg2 20125, the proof is shorter making use of the existence of a ring unity. (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 19-Jun-2010.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 2-Jul-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   𝑁 = (invg𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)       (𝜑 → (𝑋 · (𝑁𝑌)) = (𝑁‘(𝑋 · 𝑌)))
 
Theoremringm2neg 20259 Double negation of a product in a ring. (mul2neg 11690 analog.) (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 4-Dec-2014.) (Proof shortened by AV, 30-Mar-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   𝑁 = (invg𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)       (𝜑 → ((𝑁𝑋) · (𝑁𝑌)) = (𝑋 · 𝑌))
 
Theoremringsubdi 20260 Ring multiplication distributes over subtraction. (subdi 11684 analog.) (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 19-Jun-2010.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 2-Jul-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    = (-g𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑍𝐵)       (𝜑 → (𝑋 · (𝑌 𝑍)) = ((𝑋 · 𝑌) (𝑋 · 𝑍)))
 
Theoremringsubdir 20261 Ring multiplication distributes over subtraction. (subdir 11685 analog.) (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 19-Jun-2010.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 2-Jul-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    = (-g𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝑍𝐵)       (𝜑 → ((𝑋 𝑌) · 𝑍) = ((𝑋 · 𝑍) (𝑌 · 𝑍)))
 
Theoremmulgass2 20262 An associative property between group multiple and ring multiplication. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Jun-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.g𝑅)    &    × = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ (𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵)) → ((𝑁 · 𝑋) × 𝑌) = (𝑁 · (𝑋 × 𝑌)))
 
Theoremring1 20263 The (smallest) structure representing a zero ring. (Contributed by AV, 28-Apr-2019.)
𝑀 = {⟨(Base‘ndx), {𝑍}⟩, ⟨(+g‘ndx), {⟨⟨𝑍, 𝑍⟩, 𝑍⟩}⟩, ⟨(.r‘ndx), {⟨⟨𝑍, 𝑍⟩, 𝑍⟩}⟩}       (𝑍𝑉𝑀 ∈ Ring)
 
Theoremringn0 20264 Rings exist. (Contributed by AV, 29-Apr-2019.)
Ring ≠ ∅
 
Theoremringlghm 20265* Left-multiplication in a ring by a fixed element of the ring is a group homomorphism. (It is not usually a ring homomorphism.) (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 4-May-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵) → (𝑥𝐵 ↦ (𝑋 · 𝑥)) ∈ (𝑅 GrpHom 𝑅))
 
Theoremringrghm 20266* Right-multiplication in a ring by a fixed element of the ring is a group homomorphism. (It is not usually a ring homomorphism.) (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 4-May-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝑋𝐵) → (𝑥𝐵 ↦ (𝑥 · 𝑋)) ∈ (𝑅 GrpHom 𝑅))
 
Theoremgsummulc1OLD 20267* Obsolete version of gsummulc1 20269 as of 7-Mar-2025. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 19-Dec-2014.) (Revised by AV, 10-Jul-2019.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝐴𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)    &   ((𝜑𝑘𝐴) → 𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑 → (𝑘𝐴𝑋) finSupp 0 )       (𝜑 → (𝑅 Σg (𝑘𝐴 ↦ (𝑋 · 𝑌))) = ((𝑅 Σg (𝑘𝐴𝑋)) · 𝑌))
 
Theoremgsummulc2OLD 20268* Obsolete version of gsummulc2 20270 as of 7-Mar-2025. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 19-Dec-2014.) (Revised by AV, 10-Jul-2019.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝐴𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)    &   ((𝜑𝑘𝐴) → 𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑 → (𝑘𝐴𝑋) finSupp 0 )       (𝜑 → (𝑅 Σg (𝑘𝐴 ↦ (𝑌 · 𝑋))) = (𝑌 · (𝑅 Σg (𝑘𝐴𝑋))))
 
Theoremgsummulc1 20269* A finite ring sum multiplied by a constant. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 19-Dec-2014.) (Revised by AV, 10-Jul-2019.) Remove unused hypothesis. (Revised by SN, 7-Mar-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝐴𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)    &   ((𝜑𝑘𝐴) → 𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑 → (𝑘𝐴𝑋) finSupp 0 )       (𝜑 → (𝑅 Σg (𝑘𝐴 ↦ (𝑋 · 𝑌))) = ((𝑅 Σg (𝑘𝐴𝑋)) · 𝑌))
 
Theoremgsummulc2 20270* A finite ring sum multiplied by a constant. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 19-Dec-2014.) (Revised by AV, 10-Jul-2019.) Remove unused hypothesis. (Revised by SN, 7-Mar-2025.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝐴𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝑌𝐵)    &   ((𝜑𝑘𝐴) → 𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑 → (𝑘𝐴𝑋) finSupp 0 )       (𝜑 → (𝑅 Σg (𝑘𝐴 ↦ (𝑌 · 𝑋))) = (𝑌 · (𝑅 Σg (𝑘𝐴𝑋))))
 
Theoremgsummgp0 20271* If one factor in a finite group sum of the multiplicative group of a commutative ring is 0, the whole "sum" (i.e. product) is 0. (Contributed by AV, 3-Jan-2019.)
𝐺 = (mulGrp‘𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ CRing)    &   (𝜑𝑁 ∈ Fin)    &   ((𝜑𝑛𝑁) → 𝐴 ∈ (Base‘𝑅))    &   ((𝜑𝑛 = 𝑖) → 𝐴 = 𝐵)    &   (𝜑 → ∃𝑖𝑁 𝐵 = 0 )       (𝜑 → (𝐺 Σg (𝑛𝑁𝐴)) = 0 )
 
Theoremgsumdixp 20272* Distribute a binary product of sums to a sum of binary products in a ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 8-Mar-2015.) (Revised by AV, 10-Jul-2019.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    0 = (0g𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝐼𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝐽𝑊)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   ((𝜑𝑥𝐼) → 𝑋𝐵)    &   ((𝜑𝑦𝐽) → 𝑌𝐵)    &   (𝜑 → (𝑥𝐼𝑋) finSupp 0 )    &   (𝜑 → (𝑦𝐽𝑌) finSupp 0 )       (𝜑 → ((𝑅 Σg (𝑥𝐼𝑋)) · (𝑅 Σg (𝑦𝐽𝑌))) = (𝑅 Σg (𝑥𝐼, 𝑦𝐽 ↦ (𝑋 · 𝑌))))
 
Theoremprdsmulrcl 20273 A structure product of rings has closed binary operation. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Mar-2015.) (Proof shortened by AV, 30-Mar-2025.)
𝑌 = (𝑆Xs𝑅)    &   𝐵 = (Base‘𝑌)    &    · = (.r𝑌)    &   (𝜑𝑆𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝐼𝑊)    &   (𝜑𝑅:𝐼⟶Ring)    &   (𝜑𝐹𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝐺𝐵)       (𝜑 → (𝐹 · 𝐺) ∈ 𝐵)
 
Theoremprdsringd 20274 A product of rings is a ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Mar-2015.)
𝑌 = (𝑆Xs𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝐼𝑊)    &   (𝜑𝑆𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝑅:𝐼⟶Ring)       (𝜑𝑌 ∈ Ring)
 
Theoremprdscrngd 20275 A product of commutative rings is a commutative ring. Since the resulting ring will have zero divisors in all nontrivial cases, this cannot be strengthened much further. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Mar-2015.)
𝑌 = (𝑆Xs𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝐼𝑊)    &   (𝜑𝑆𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝑅:𝐼⟶CRing)       (𝜑𝑌 ∈ CRing)
 
Theoremprds1 20276 Value of the ring unity in a structure family product. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Mar-2015.)
𝑌 = (𝑆Xs𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝐼𝑊)    &   (𝜑𝑆𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝑅:𝐼⟶Ring)       (𝜑 → (1r𝑅) = (1r𝑌))
 
Theorempwsring 20277 A structure power of a ring is a ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Mar-2015.)
𝑌 = (𝑅s 𝐼)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝐼𝑉) → 𝑌 ∈ Ring)
 
Theorempws1 20278 Value of the ring unity in a structure power. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Mar-2015.)
𝑌 = (𝑅s 𝐼)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)       ((𝑅 ∈ Ring ∧ 𝐼𝑉) → (𝐼 × { 1 }) = (1r𝑌))
 
Theorempwscrng 20279 A structure power of a commutative ring is a commutative ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Mar-2015.)
𝑌 = (𝑅s 𝐼)       ((𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝐼𝑉) → 𝑌 ∈ CRing)
 
Theorempwsmgp 20280 The multiplicative group of the power structure resembles the power of the multiplicative group. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 12-Mar-2015.)
𝑌 = (𝑅s 𝐼)    &   𝑀 = (mulGrp‘𝑅)    &   𝑍 = (𝑀s 𝐼)    &   𝑁 = (mulGrp‘𝑌)    &   𝐵 = (Base‘𝑁)    &   𝐶 = (Base‘𝑍)    &    + = (+g𝑁)    &    = (+g𝑍)       ((𝑅𝑉𝐼𝑊) → (𝐵 = 𝐶+ = ))
 
Theorempwspjmhmmgpd 20281* The projection given by pwspjmhm 18795 is also a monoid homomorphism between the respective multiplicative groups. (Contributed by SN, 30-Jul-2024.)
𝑌 = (𝑅s 𝐼)    &   𝐵 = (Base‘𝑌)    &   𝑀 = (mulGrp‘𝑌)    &   𝑇 = (mulGrp‘𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝐼𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝐴𝐼)       (𝜑 → (𝑥𝐵 ↦ (𝑥𝐴)) ∈ (𝑀 MndHom 𝑇))
 
Theorempwsexpg 20282 Value of a group exponentiation in a structure power. Compare pwsmulg 19087. (Contributed by SN, 30-Jul-2024.)
𝑌 = (𝑅s 𝐼)    &   𝐵 = (Base‘𝑌)    &   𝑀 = (mulGrp‘𝑌)    &   𝑇 = (mulGrp‘𝑅)    &    = (.g𝑀)    &    · = (.g𝑇)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝐼𝑉)    &   (𝜑𝑁 ∈ ℕ0)    &   (𝜑𝑋𝐵)    &   (𝜑𝐴𝐼)       (𝜑 → ((𝑁 𝑋)‘𝐴) = (𝑁 · (𝑋𝐴)))
 
Theoremimasring 20283* The image structure of a ring is a ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Jun-2015.)
(𝜑𝑈 = (𝐹s 𝑅))    &   (𝜑𝑉 = (Base‘𝑅))    &    + = (+g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝐹:𝑉onto𝐵)    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉) ∧ (𝑝𝑉𝑞𝑉)) → (((𝐹𝑎) = (𝐹𝑝) ∧ (𝐹𝑏) = (𝐹𝑞)) → (𝐹‘(𝑎 + 𝑏)) = (𝐹‘(𝑝 + 𝑞))))    &   ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑎𝑉𝑏𝑉) ∧ (𝑝𝑉𝑞𝑉)) → (((𝐹𝑎) = (𝐹𝑝) ∧ (𝐹𝑏) = (𝐹𝑞)) → (𝐹‘(𝑎 · 𝑏)) = (𝐹‘(𝑝 · 𝑞))))    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)       (𝜑 → (𝑈 ∈ Ring ∧ (𝐹1 ) = (1r𝑈)))
 
Theoremimasringf1 20284 The image of a ring under an injection is a ring (imasmndf1 18741 analog). (Contributed by AV, 27-Feb-2025.)
𝑈 = (𝐹s 𝑅)    &   𝑉 = (Base‘𝑅)       ((𝐹:𝑉1-1𝐵𝑅 ∈ Ring) → 𝑈 ∈ Ring)
 
Theoremxpsringd 20285 A product of two rings is a ring (xpsmnd 18742 analog). (Contributed by AV, 28-Feb-2025.)
𝑌 = (𝑆 ×s 𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑆 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)       (𝜑𝑌 ∈ Ring)
 
Theoremxpsring1d 20286 The multiplicative identity element of a binary product of rings. (Contributed by AV, 16-Mar-2025.)
𝑌 = (𝑆 ×s 𝑅)    &   (𝜑𝑆 ∈ Ring)    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)       (𝜑 → (1r𝑌) = ⟨(1r𝑆), (1r𝑅)⟩)
 
Theoremqusring2 20287* The quotient structure of a ring is a ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Jun-2015.)
(𝜑𝑈 = (𝑅 /s ))    &   (𝜑𝑉 = (Base‘𝑅))    &    + = (+g𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &    1 = (1r𝑅)    &   (𝜑 Er 𝑉)    &   (𝜑 → ((𝑎 𝑝𝑏 𝑞) → (𝑎 + 𝑏) (𝑝 + 𝑞)))    &   (𝜑 → ((𝑎 𝑝𝑏 𝑞) → (𝑎 · 𝑏) (𝑝 · 𝑞)))    &   (𝜑𝑅 ∈ Ring)       (𝜑 → (𝑈 ∈ Ring ∧ [ 1 ] = (1r𝑈)))
 
Theoremcrngbinom 20288* The binomial theorem for commutative rings (special case of csrgbinom 20189): (𝐴 + 𝐵)↑𝑁 is the sum from 𝑘 = 0 to 𝑁 of (𝑁C𝑘) · ((𝐴𝑘) · (𝐵↑(𝑁𝑘)). (Contributed by AV, 24-Aug-2019.)
𝑆 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    × = (.r𝑅)    &    · = (.g𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)    &   𝐺 = (mulGrp‘𝑅)    &    = (.g𝐺)       (((𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ0) ∧ (𝐴𝑆𝐵𝑆)) → (𝑁 (𝐴 + 𝐵)) = (𝑅 Σg (𝑘 ∈ (0...𝑁) ↦ ((𝑁C𝑘) · (((𝑁𝑘) 𝐴) × (𝑘 𝐵))))))
 
10.3.6  Opposite ring
 
Syntaxcoppr 20289 The opposite ring operation.
class oppr
 
Definitiondf-oppr 20290 Define an opposite ring, which is the same as the original ring but with multiplication written the other way around. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Dec-2014.)
oppr = (𝑓 ∈ V ↦ (𝑓 sSet ⟨(.r‘ndx), tpos (.r𝑓)⟩))
 
Theoremopprval 20291 Value of the opposite ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Dec-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   𝑂 = (oppr𝑅)       𝑂 = (𝑅 sSet ⟨(.r‘ndx), tpos · ⟩)
 
Theoremopprmulfval 20292 Value of the multiplication operation of an opposite ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Dec-2014.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   𝑂 = (oppr𝑅)    &    = (.r𝑂)        = tpos ·
 
Theoremopprmul 20293 Value of the multiplication operation of an opposite ring. Hypotheses eliminated by a suggestion of Stefan O'Rear, 30-Aug-2015. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Dec-2014.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 30-Aug-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   𝑂 = (oppr𝑅)    &    = (.r𝑂)       (𝑋 𝑌) = (𝑌 · 𝑋)
 
Theoremcrngoppr 20294 In a commutative ring, the opposite ring is equivalent to the original ring (for theorems like unitpropd 20373). (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Jun-2015.)
𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &    · = (.r𝑅)    &   𝑂 = (oppr𝑅)    &    = (.r𝑂)       ((𝑅 ∈ CRing ∧ 𝑋𝐵𝑌𝐵) → (𝑋 · 𝑌) = (𝑋 𝑌))
 
Theoremopprlem 20295 Lemma for opprbas 20297 and oppradd 20299. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Dec-2014.) (Revised by AV, 6-Nov-2024.)
𝑂 = (oppr𝑅)    &   𝐸 = Slot (𝐸‘ndx)    &   (𝐸‘ndx) ≠ (.r‘ndx)       (𝐸𝑅) = (𝐸𝑂)
 
TheoremopprlemOLD 20296 Obsolete version of opprlem 20295 as of 6-Nov-2024. Lemma for opprbas 20297 and oppradd 20299. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Dec-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.)
𝑂 = (oppr𝑅)    &   𝐸 = Slot 𝑁    &   𝑁 ∈ ℕ    &   𝑁 < 3       (𝐸𝑅) = (𝐸𝑂)
 
Theoremopprbas 20297 Base set of an opposite ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Dec-2014.) (Proof shortened by AV, 6-Nov-2024.)
𝑂 = (oppr𝑅)    &   𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)       𝐵 = (Base‘𝑂)
 
TheoremopprbasOLD 20298 Obsolete proof of opprbas 20297 as of 6-Nov-2024. Base set of an opposite ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Dec-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.)
𝑂 = (oppr𝑅)    &   𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)       𝐵 = (Base‘𝑂)
 
Theoremoppradd 20299 Addition operation of an opposite ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Dec-2014.) (Proof shortened by AV, 6-Nov-2024.)
𝑂 = (oppr𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)        + = (+g𝑂)
 
TheoremoppraddOLD 20300 Obsolete proof of opprbas 20297 as of 6-Nov-2024. Addition operation of an opposite ring. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 1-Dec-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.)
𝑂 = (oppr𝑅)    &    + = (+g𝑅)        + = (+g𝑂)
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