P. 304 of Theorem List - Metamath Proof Explorer

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**Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer -** 30301-30400 *Has distinct variable group(s)
Type	Label	Description
Statement

Theorem	bloval 30301*	The class of bounded linear operators between two normed complex vector spaces. (Contributed by NM, 6-Nov-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec) → 𝐵 = {𝑡 ∈ 𝐿 ∣ (𝑁‘𝑡) < +∞})

Theorem	isblo 30302	The predicate "is a bounded linear operator." (Contributed by NM, 6-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec) → (𝑇 ∈ 𝐵 ↔ (𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 ∧ (𝑁‘𝑇) < +∞)))

Theorem	isblo2 30303	The predicate "is a bounded linear operator." (Contributed by NM, 8-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec) → (𝑇 ∈ 𝐵 ↔ (𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 ∧ (𝑁‘𝑇) ∈ ℝ)))

Theorem	bloln 30304	A bounded operator is a linear operator. (Contributed by NM, 8-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐵) → 𝑇 ∈ 𝐿)

Theorem	blof 30305	A bounded operator is an operator. (Contributed by NM, 8-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐵) → 𝑇:𝑋⟶𝑌)

Theorem	nmblore 30306	The norm of a bounded operator is a real number. (Contributed by NM, 8-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝑁‘𝑇) ∈ ℝ)

Theorem	0ofval 30307	The zero operator between two normed complex vector spaces. (Contributed by NM, 28-Nov-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (0_vec‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑂 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec) → 𝑂 = (𝑋 × {𝑍}))

Theorem	0oval 30308	Value of the zero operator. (Contributed by NM, 28-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (0_vec‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑂 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) → (𝑂‘𝐴) = 𝑍)

Theorem	0oo 30309	The zero operator is an operator. (Contributed by NM, 28-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec) → 𝑍:𝑋⟶𝑌)

Theorem	0lno 30310	The zero operator is linear. (Contributed by NM, 28-Nov-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Nov-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑍 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec) → 𝑍 ∈ 𝐿)

Theorem	nmoo0 30311	The operator norm of the zero operator. (Contributed by NM, 27-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec) → (𝑁‘𝑍) = 0)

Theorem	0blo 30312	The zero operator is a bounded linear operator. (Contributed by NM, 8-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑍 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec) → 𝑍 ∈ 𝐵)

Theorem	nmlno0lem 30313	Lemma for nmlno0i 30314. (Contributed by NM, 28-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 & ⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑅 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (0_vec‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑄 = (0_vec‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = (norm_CV‘𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁‘𝑇) = 0 ↔ 𝑇 = 𝑍)

Theorem	nmlno0i 30314	The norm of a linear operator is zero iff the operator is zero. (Contributed by NM, 6-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ⇒ ⊢ (𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 → ((𝑁‘𝑇) = 0 ↔ 𝑇 = 𝑍))

Theorem	nmlno0 30315	The norm of a linear operator is zero iff the operator is zero. (Contributed by NM, 24-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐿) → ((𝑁‘𝑇) = 0 ↔ 𝑇 = 𝑍))

Theorem	nmlnoubi 30316*	An upper bound for the operator norm of a linear operator, using only the properties of nonzero arguments. (Contributed by NM, 1-Jan-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (0_vec‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = (norm_CV‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 ∧ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ 𝐴) ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑥 ≠ 𝑍 → (𝑀‘(𝑇‘𝑥)) ≤ (𝐴 · (𝐾‘𝑥)))) → (𝑁‘𝑇) ≤ 𝐴)

Theorem	nmlnogt0 30317	The norm of a nonzero linear operator is positive. (Contributed by NM, 10-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐿) → (𝑇 ≠ 𝑍 ↔ 0 < (𝑁‘𝑇)))

Theorem	lnon0 30318*	The domain of a nonzero linear operator contains a nonzero vector. (Contributed by NM, 15-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (0_vec‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑂 = (𝑈 0_op 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ (((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐿) ∧ 𝑇 ≠ 𝑂) → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 𝑥 ≠ 𝑍)

Theorem	nmblolbii 30319	A lower bound for the norm of a bounded linear operator. (Contributed by NM, 7-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = (norm_CV‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐵 ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 → (𝑀‘(𝑇‘𝐴)) ≤ ((𝑁‘𝑇) · (𝐿‘𝐴)))

Theorem	nmblolbi 30320	A lower bound for the norm of a bounded linear operator. (Contributed by NM, 10-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = (norm_CV‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑇 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) → (𝑀‘(𝑇‘𝐴)) ≤ ((𝑁‘𝑇) · (𝐿‘𝐴)))

Theorem	isblo3i 30321*	The predicate "is a bounded linear operator." Definition 2.7-1 of [Kreyszig] p. 91. (Contributed by NM, 11-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ⇒ ⊢ (𝑇 ∈ 𝐵 ↔ (𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 ∧ ∃𝑥 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑁‘(𝑇‘𝑦)) ≤ (𝑥 · (𝑀‘𝑦))))

Theorem	blo3i 30322*	Properties that determine a bounded linear operator. (Contributed by NM, 13-Jan-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 ∧ 𝐴 ∈ ℝ ∧ ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑁‘(𝑇‘𝑦)) ≤ (𝐴 · (𝑀‘𝑦))) → 𝑇 ∈ 𝐵)

Theorem	blometi 30323	Upper bound for the distance between the values of a bounded linear operator. (Contributed by NM, 11-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐶 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑇 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑃 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑄 ∈ 𝑋) → ((𝑇‘𝑃)𝐷(𝑇‘𝑄)) ≤ ((𝑁‘𝑇) · (𝑃𝐶𝑄)))

Theorem	blocnilem 30324	Lemma for blocni 30325 and lnocni 30326. If a linear operator is continuous at any point, it is bounded. (Contributed by NM, 17-Dec-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 10-Jan-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐶) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 & ⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑃 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑇 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃)) → 𝑇 ∈ 𝐵)

Theorem	blocni 30325	A linear operator is continuous iff it is bounded. Theorem 2.7-9(a) of [Kreyszig] p. 97. (Contributed by NM, 18-Dec-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 10-Jan-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐶) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 ⇒ ⊢ (𝑇 ∈ (𝐽 Cn 𝐾) ↔ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐵)

Theorem	lnocni 30326	If a linear operator is continuous at any point, it is continuous everywhere. Theorem 2.7-9(b) of [Kreyszig] p. 97. (Contributed by NM, 18-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐶) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 & ⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑃 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑇 ∈ ((𝐽 CnP 𝐾)‘𝑃)) → 𝑇 ∈ (𝐽 Cn 𝐾))

Theorem	blocn 30327	A linear operator is continuous iff it is bounded. Theorem 2.7-9(a) of [Kreyszig] p. 97. (Contributed by NM, 25-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐶) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝐿 = (𝑈 LnOp 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑇 ∈ 𝐿 → (𝑇 ∈ (𝐽 Cn 𝐾) ↔ 𝑇 ∈ 𝐵))

Theorem	blocn2 30328	A bounded linear operator is continuous. (Contributed by NM, 25-Dec-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐶 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐶) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ⇒ ⊢ (𝑇 ∈ 𝐵 → 𝑇 ∈ (𝐽 Cn 𝐾))

Theorem	ajfval 30329*	The adjoint function. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jan-2008.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑄 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑈adj𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec) → 𝐴 = {⟨𝑡, 𝑠⟩ ∣ (𝑡:𝑋⟶𝑌 ∧ 𝑠:𝑌⟶𝑋 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ((𝑡‘𝑥)𝑄𝑦) = (𝑥𝑃(𝑠‘𝑦)))})

Theorem	hmoval 30330*	The set of Hermitian (self-adjoint) operators on a normed complex vector space. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jan-2008.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 16-Nov-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (HmOp‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑈adj𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec → 𝐻 = {𝑡 ∈ dom 𝐴 ∣ (𝐴‘𝑡) = 𝑡})

Theorem	ishmo 30331	The predicate "is a hermitian operator." (Contributed by NM, 26-Jan-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (HmOp‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑈adj𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec → (𝑇 ∈ 𝐻 ↔ (𝑇 ∈ dom 𝐴 ∧ (𝐴‘𝑇) = 𝑇)))

19.5 Inner product (pre-Hilbert) spaces

19.5.1 Definition and basic properties

Syntax	ccphlo 30332	Extend class notation with the class of all complex inner product spaces (also called pre-Hilbert spaces).
class CPreHil_OLD

Definition	df-ph 30333*	Define the class of all complex inner product spaces. An inner product space is a normed vector space whose norm satisfies the parallelogram law (a property that induces an inner product). Based on Exercise 4(b) of [ReedSimon] p. 63. The vector operation is 𝑔, the scalar product is 𝑠, and the norm is 𝑛. An inner product space is also called a pre-Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 2-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ CPreHil_OLD = (NrmCVec ∩ {⟨⟨𝑔, 𝑠⟩, 𝑛⟩ ∣ ∀𝑥 ∈ ran 𝑔∀𝑦 ∈ ran 𝑔(((𝑛‘(𝑥𝑔𝑦))↑2) + ((𝑛‘(𝑥𝑔(-1𝑠𝑦)))↑2)) = (2 · (((𝑛‘𝑥)↑2) + ((𝑛‘𝑦)↑2)))})

Theorem	phnv 30334	Every complex inner product space is a normed complex vector space. (Contributed by NM, 2-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD → 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec)

Theorem	phrel 30335	The class of all complex inner product spaces is a relation. (Contributed by NM, 2-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ Rel CPreHil_OLD

Theorem	phnvi 30336	Every complex inner product space is a normed complex vector space. (Contributed by NM, 20-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ⇒ ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec

Theorem	isphg 30337*	The predicate "is a complex inner product space." An inner product space is a normed vector space whose norm satisfies the parallelogram law. The vector (group) addition operation is 𝐺, the scalar product is 𝑆, and the norm is 𝑁. An inner product space is also called a pre-Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 2-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ran 𝐺 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐺 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑆 ∈ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ 𝐶) → (⟨⟨𝐺, 𝑆⟩, 𝑁⟩ ∈ CPreHil_OLD ↔ (⟨⟨𝐺, 𝑆⟩, 𝑁⟩ ∈ NrmCVec ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 (((𝑁‘(𝑥𝐺𝑦))↑2) + ((𝑁‘(𝑥𝐺(-1𝑆𝑦)))↑2)) = (2 · (((𝑁‘𝑥)↑2) + ((𝑁‘𝑦)↑2))))))

Theorem	phop 30338	A complex inner product space in terms of ordered pair components. (Contributed by NM, 2-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD → 𝑈 = ⟨⟨𝐺, 𝑆⟩, 𝑁⟩)

19.5.2 Examples of pre-Hilbert spaces

Theorem	cncph 30339	The set of complex numbers is an inner product (pre-Hilbert) space. (Contributed by Steve Rodriguez, 28-Apr-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Nov-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑈 = ⟨⟨ + , · ⟩, abs⟩ ⇒ ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD

Theorem	elimph 30340	Hypothesis elimination lemma for complex inner product spaces to assist weak deduction theorem. (Contributed by NM, 27-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑍 = (0_vec‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ⇒ ⊢ if(𝐴 ∈ 𝑋, 𝐴, 𝑍) ∈ 𝑋

Theorem	elimphu 30341	Hypothesis elimination lemma for complex inner product spaces to assist weak deduction theorem. (Contributed by NM, 6-May-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ if(𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD, 𝑈, ⟨⟨ + , · ⟩, abs⟩) ∈ CPreHil_OLD

19.5.3 Properties of pre-Hilbert spaces

Theorem	isph 30342*	The predicate "is an inner product space." (Contributed by NM, 1-Feb-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ↔ (𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 (((𝑁‘(𝑥𝐺𝑦))↑2) + ((𝑁‘(𝑥𝑀𝑦))↑2)) = (2 · (((𝑁‘𝑥)↑2) + ((𝑁‘𝑦)↑2)))))

Theorem	phpar2 30343	The parallelogram law for an inner product space. (Contributed by NM, 2-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋) → (((𝑁‘(𝐴𝐺𝐵))↑2) + ((𝑁‘(𝐴𝑀𝐵))↑2)) = (2 · (((𝑁‘𝐴)↑2) + ((𝑁‘𝐵)↑2))))

Theorem	phpar 30344	The parallelogram law for an inner product space. (Contributed by NM, 2-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋) → (((𝑁‘(𝐴𝐺𝐵))↑2) + ((𝑁‘(𝐴𝐺(-1𝑆𝐵)))↑2)) = (2 · (((𝑁‘𝐴)↑2) + ((𝑁‘𝐵)↑2))))

Theorem	ip0i 30345	A slight variant of Equation 6.46 of [Ponnusamy] p. 362, where 𝐽 is either 1 or -1 to represent +-1. (Contributed by NM, 23-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ ((((𝑁‘((𝐴𝐺𝐵)𝐺(𝐽𝑆𝐶)))↑2) − ((𝑁‘((𝐴𝐺𝐵)𝐺(-𝐽𝑆𝐶)))↑2)) + (((𝑁‘((𝐴𝐺(-1𝑆𝐵))𝐺(𝐽𝑆𝐶)))↑2) − ((𝑁‘((𝐴𝐺(-1𝑆𝐵))𝐺(-𝐽𝑆𝐶)))↑2))) = (2 · (((𝑁‘(𝐴𝐺(𝐽𝑆𝐶)))↑2) − ((𝑁‘(𝐴𝐺(-𝐽𝑆𝐶)))↑2)))

Theorem	ip1ilem 30346	Lemma for ip1i 30347. (Contributed by NM, 21-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 ∈ ℂ ⇒ ⊢ (((𝐴𝐺𝐵)𝑃𝐶) + ((𝐴𝐺(-1𝑆𝐵))𝑃𝐶)) = (2 · (𝐴𝑃𝐶))

Theorem	ip1i 30347	Equation 6.47 of [Ponnusamy] p. 362. (Contributed by NM, 27-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ (((𝐴𝐺𝐵)𝑃𝐶) + ((𝐴𝐺(-1𝑆𝐵))𝑃𝐶)) = (2 · (𝐴𝑃𝐶))

Theorem	ip2i 30348	Equation 6.48 of [Ponnusamy] p. 362. (Contributed by NM, 26-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ ((2𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) = (2 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵))

Theorem	ipdirilem 30349	Lemma for ipdiri 30350. (Contributed by NM, 26-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴𝐺𝐵)𝑃𝐶) = ((𝐴𝑃𝐶) + (𝐵𝑃𝐶))

Theorem	ipdiri 30350	Distributive law for inner product. Equation I3 of [Ponnusamy] p. 362. (Contributed by NM, 27-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → ((𝐴𝐺𝐵)𝑃𝐶) = ((𝐴𝑃𝐶) + (𝐵𝑃𝐶)))

Theorem	ipasslem1 30351	Lemma for ipassi 30361. Show the inner product associative law for nonnegative integers. (Contributed by NM, 27-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀ ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) → ((𝑁𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) = (𝑁 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)))

Theorem	ipasslem2 30352	Lemma for ipassi 30361. Show the inner product associative law for nonpositive integers. (Contributed by NM, 27-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ₀ ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) → ((-𝑁𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) = (-𝑁 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)))

Theorem	ipasslem3 30353	Lemma for ipassi 30361. Show the inner product associative law for all integers. (Contributed by NM, 27-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) → ((𝑁𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) = (𝑁 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)))

Theorem	ipasslem4 30354	Lemma for ipassi 30361. Show the inner product associative law for positive integer reciprocals. (Contributed by NM, 27-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑁 ∈ ℕ ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) → (((1 / 𝑁)𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) = ((1 / 𝑁) · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)))

Theorem	ipasslem5 30355	Lemma for ipassi 30361. Show the inner product associative law for rational numbers. (Contributed by NM, 27-Apr-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐶 ∈ ℚ ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) → ((𝐶𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) = (𝐶 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)))

Theorem	ipasslem7 30356*	Lemma for ipassi 30361. Show that ((𝑤𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) − (𝑤 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)) is continuous on ℝ. (Contributed by NM, 23-Aug-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-May-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑤 ∈ ℝ ↦ (((𝑤𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) − (𝑤 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)))) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (topGen‘ran (,)) & ⊢ 𝐾 = (TopOpen‘ℂ_fld) ⇒ ⊢ 𝐹 ∈ (𝐽 Cn 𝐾)

Theorem	ipasslem8 30357*	Lemma for ipassi 30361. By ipasslem5 30355, 𝐹 is 0 for all ℚ; since it is continuous and ℚ is dense in ℝ by qdensere2 24533, we conclude 𝐹 is 0 for all ℝ. (Contributed by NM, 24-Aug-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 6-May-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑤 ∈ ℝ ↦ (((𝑤𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) − (𝑤 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)))) ⇒ ⊢ 𝐹:ℝ⟶{0}

Theorem	ipasslem9 30358	Lemma for ipassi 30361. Conclude from ipasslem8 30357 the inner product associative law for real numbers. (Contributed by NM, 24-Aug-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ (𝐶 ∈ ℝ → ((𝐶𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) = (𝐶 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)))

Theorem	ipasslem10 30359	Lemma for ipassi 30361. Show the inner product associative law for the imaginary number i. (Contributed by NM, 24-Aug-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((i𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) = (i · (𝐴𝑃𝐵))

Theorem	ipasslem11 30360	Lemma for ipassi 30361. Show the inner product associative law for all complex numbers. (Contributed by NM, 25-Aug-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ (𝐶 ∈ ℂ → ((𝐶𝑆𝐴)𝑃𝐵) = (𝐶 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)))

Theorem	ipassi 30361	Associative law for inner product. Equation I2 of [Ponnusamy] p. 363. (Contributed by NM, 25-Aug-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋) → ((𝐴𝑆𝐵)𝑃𝐶) = (𝐴 · (𝐵𝑃𝐶)))

Theorem	dipdir 30362	Distributive law for inner product. Equation I3 of [Ponnusamy] p. 362. (Contributed by NM, 25-Aug-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)) → ((𝐴𝐺𝐵)𝑃𝐶) = ((𝐴𝑃𝐶) + (𝐵𝑃𝐶)))

Theorem	dipdi 30363	Distributive law for inner product. (Contributed by NM, 20-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)) → (𝐴𝑃(𝐵𝐺𝐶)) = ((𝐴𝑃𝐵) + (𝐴𝑃𝐶)))

Theorem	ip2dii 30364	Inner product of two sums. (Contributed by NM, 17-Apr-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐷 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴𝐺𝐵)𝑃(𝐶𝐺𝐷)) = (((𝐴𝑃𝐶) + (𝐵𝑃𝐷)) + ((𝐴𝑃𝐷) + (𝐵𝑃𝐶)))

Theorem	dipass 30365	Associative law for inner product. Equation I2 of [Ponnusamy] p. 363. (Contributed by NM, 25-Aug-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)) → ((𝐴𝑆𝐵)𝑃𝐶) = (𝐴 · (𝐵𝑃𝐶)))

Theorem	dipassr 30366	"Associative" law for second argument of inner product (compare dipass 30365). (Contributed by NM, 22-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)) → (𝐴𝑃(𝐵𝑆𝐶)) = ((∗‘𝐵) · (𝐴𝑃𝐶)))

Theorem	dipassr2 30367	"Associative" law for inner product. Conjugate version of dipassr 30366. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ ℂ ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)) → (𝐴𝑃((∗‘𝐵)𝑆𝐶)) = (𝐵 · (𝐴𝑃𝐶)))

Theorem	dipsubdir 30368	Distributive law for inner product subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 20-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)) → ((𝐴𝑀𝐵)𝑃𝐶) = ((𝐴𝑃𝐶) − (𝐵𝑃𝐶)))

Theorem	dipsubdi 30369	Distributive law for inner product subtraction. (Contributed by NM, 20-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐶 ∈ 𝑋)) → (𝐴𝑃(𝐵𝑀𝐶)) = ((𝐴𝑃𝐵) − (𝐴𝑃𝐶)))

Theorem	pythi 30370	The Pythagorean theorem for an arbitrary complex inner product (pre-Hilbert) space 𝑈. The square of the norm of the sum of two orthogonal vectors (i.e. whose inner product is 0) is the sum of the squares of their norms. Problem 2 in [Kreyszig] p. 135. (Contributed by NM, 17-Apr-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐺 = ( +_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴𝑃𝐵) = 0 → ((𝑁‘(𝐴𝐺𝐵))↑2) = (((𝑁‘𝐴)↑2) + ((𝑁‘𝐵)↑2)))

Theorem	siilem1 30371	Lemma for sii 30374. (Contributed by NM, 23-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℂ & ⊢ (𝐶 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)) ∈ ℝ & ⊢ 0 ≤ (𝐶 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐵𝑃𝐴) = (𝐶 · ((𝑁‘𝐵)↑2)) → (√‘((𝐴𝑃𝐵) · (𝐶 · ((𝑁‘𝐵)↑2)))) ≤ ((𝑁‘𝐴) · (𝑁‘𝐵)))

Theorem	siilem2 30372	Lemma for sii 30374. (Contributed by NM, 24-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑆 = ( ·_𝑠OLD ‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐶 ∈ ℂ ∧ (𝐶 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵)) ∈ ℝ ∧ 0 ≤ (𝐶 · (𝐴𝑃𝐵))) → ((𝐵𝑃𝐴) = (𝐶 · ((𝑁‘𝐵)↑2)) → (√‘((𝐴𝑃𝐵) · (𝐶 · ((𝑁‘𝐵)↑2)))) ≤ ((𝑁‘𝐴) · (𝑁‘𝐵))))

Theorem	siii 30373	Inference from sii 30374. (Contributed by NM, 20-Nov-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 & ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋 ⇒ ⊢ (abs‘(𝐴𝑃𝐵)) ≤ ((𝑁‘𝐴) · (𝑁‘𝐵))

Theorem	sii 30374	Obsolete version of ipcau 24986 as of 22-Sep-2024. Schwarz inequality. Part of Lemma 3-2.1(a) of [Kreyszig] p. 137. This is also called the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality by some authors and Bunjakovaskij-Cauchy-Schwarz inequality by others. See also Theorems bcseqi 30640, bcsiALT 30699, bcsiHIL 30700, csbren 25147. (Contributed by NM, 12-Jan-2008.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋) → (abs‘(𝐴𝑃𝐵)) ≤ ((𝑁‘𝐴) · (𝑁‘𝐵)))

Theorem	ipblnfi 30375*	A function 𝐹 generated by varying the first argument of an inner product (with its second argument a fixed vector 𝐴) is a bounded linear functional, i.e. a bounded linear operator from the vector space to ℂ. (Contributed by NM, 12-Jan-2008.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Nov-2013.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝐶 = ⟨⟨ + , · ⟩, abs⟩ & ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑈 BLnOp 𝐶) & ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ↦ (𝑥𝑃𝐴)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 → 𝐹 ∈ 𝐵)

Theorem	ip2eqi 30376*	Two vectors are equal iff their inner products with all other vectors are equal. (Contributed by NM, 24-Jan-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ⇒ ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ 𝑋) → (∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 (𝑥𝑃𝐴) = (𝑥𝑃𝐵) ↔ 𝐴 = 𝐵))

Theorem	phoeqi 30377*	A condition implying that two operators are equal. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jan-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑆:𝑌⟶𝑋 ∧ 𝑇:𝑌⟶𝑋) → (∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 (𝑥𝑃(𝑆‘𝑦)) = (𝑥𝑃(𝑇‘𝑦)) ↔ 𝑆 = 𝑇))

Theorem	ajmoi 30378*	Every operator has at most one adjoint. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jan-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ⇒ ⊢ ∃*𝑠(𝑠:𝑌⟶𝑋 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ((𝑇‘𝑥)𝑄𝑦) = (𝑥𝑃(𝑠‘𝑦)))

Theorem	ajfuni 30379	The adjoint function is a function. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jan-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑈adj𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ⇒ ⊢ Fun 𝐴

Theorem	ajfun 30380	The adjoint function is a function. This is not immediately apparent from df-aj 30270 but results from the uniqueness shown by ajmoi 30378. (Contributed by NM, 26-Jan-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑈adj𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec) → Fun 𝐴)

Theorem	ajval 30381*	Value of the adjoint function. (Contributed by NM, 25-Jan-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑃 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑄 = (·_𝑖OLD‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑈adj𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑇:𝑋⟶𝑌) → (𝐴‘𝑇) = (℩𝑠(𝑠:𝑌⟶𝑋 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ((𝑇‘𝑥)𝑄𝑦) = (𝑥𝑃(𝑠‘𝑦)))))

19.6 Complex Banach spaces

19.6.1 Definition and basic properties

Syntax	ccbn 30382	Extend class notation with the class of all complex Banach spaces.
class CBan

Definition	df-cbn 30383	Define the class of all complex Banach spaces. (Contributed by NM, 5-Dec-2006.) Use df-bn 25084 instead. (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ CBan = {𝑢 ∈ NrmCVec ∣ (IndMet‘𝑢) ∈ (CMet‘(BaseSet‘𝑢))}

Theorem	iscbn 30384	A complex Banach space is a normed complex vector space with a complete induced metric. (Contributed by NM, 5-Dec-2006.) Use isbn 25086 instead. (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑈 ∈ CBan ↔ (𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝐷 ∈ (CMet‘𝑋)))

Theorem	cbncms 30385	The induced metric on complex Banach space is complete. (Contributed by NM, 8-Sep-2007.) Use bncmet 25095 (or preferably bncms 25092) instead. (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑈 ∈ CBan → 𝐷 ∈ (CMet‘𝑋))

Theorem	bnnv 30386	Every complex Banach space is a normed complex vector space. (Contributed by NM, 17-Mar-2007.) Use bnnvc 25088 instead. (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ (𝑈 ∈ CBan → 𝑈 ∈ NrmCVec)

Theorem	bnrel 30387	The class of all complex Banach spaces is a relation. (Contributed by NM, 17-Mar-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ Rel CBan

Theorem	bnsscmcl 30388	A subspace of a Banach space is a Banach space iff it is closed in the norm-induced metric of the parent space. (Contributed by NM, 1-Feb-2008.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝐻 = (SubSp‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CBan ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻) → (𝑊 ∈ CBan ↔ 𝑌 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽)))

19.6.2 Examples of complex Banach spaces

Theorem	cnbn 30389	The set of complex numbers is a complex Banach space. (Contributed by Steve Rodriguez, 4-Jan-2007.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑈 = ⟨⟨ + , · ⟩, abs⟩ ⇒ ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CBan

19.6.3 Uniform Boundedness Theorem

Theorem	ubthlem1 30390*	Lemma for ubth 30393. The function 𝐴 exhibits a countable collection of sets that are closed, being the inverse image under 𝑡 of the closed ball of radius 𝑘, and by assumption they cover 𝑋. Thus, by the Baire Category theorem bcth2 25078, for some 𝑛 the set 𝐴‘𝑛 has an interior, meaning that there is a closed ball {𝑧 ∈ 𝑋 ∣ (𝑦𝐷𝑧) ≤ 𝑟} in the set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Jan-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CBan & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ⊆ (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∃𝑐 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑡 ∈ 𝑇 (𝑁‘(𝑡‘𝑥)) ≤ 𝑐) & ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑘 ∈ ℕ ↦ {𝑧 ∈ 𝑋 ∣ ∀𝑡 ∈ 𝑇 (𝑁‘(𝑡‘𝑧)) ≤ 𝑘}) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ ∃𝑦 ∈ 𝑋 ∃𝑟 ∈ ℝ⁺ {𝑧 ∈ 𝑋 ∣ (𝑦𝐷𝑧) ≤ 𝑟} ⊆ (𝐴‘𝑛))

Theorem	ubthlem2 30391*	Lemma for ubth 30393. Given that there is a closed ball 𝐵(𝑃, 𝑅) in 𝐴‘𝐾, for any 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵(0, 1), we have 𝑃 + 𝑅 · 𝑥 ∈ 𝐵(𝑃, 𝑅) and 𝑃 ∈ 𝐵(𝑃, 𝑅), so both of these have norm(𝑡(𝑧)) ≤ 𝐾 and so norm(𝑡(𝑥 )) ≤ (norm(𝑡(𝑃)) + norm(𝑡(𝑃 + 𝑅 · 𝑥))) / 𝑅 ≤ ( 𝐾 + 𝐾) / 𝑅, which is our desired uniform bound. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Jan-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CBan & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ⊆ (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∃𝑐 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑡 ∈ 𝑇 (𝑁‘(𝑡‘𝑥)) ≤ 𝑐) & ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑘 ∈ ℕ ↦ {𝑧 ∈ 𝑋 ∣ ∀𝑡 ∈ 𝑇 (𝑁‘(𝑡‘𝑧)) ≤ 𝑘}) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ ℝ⁺) & ⊢ (𝜑 → {𝑧 ∈ 𝑋 ∣ (𝑃𝐷𝑧) ≤ 𝑅} ⊆ (𝐴‘𝐾)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑑 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑡 ∈ 𝑇 ((𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊)‘𝑡) ≤ 𝑑)

Theorem	ubthlem3 30392*	Lemma for ubth 30393. Prove the reverse implication, using nmblolbi 30320. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Jan-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝑈 ∈ CBan & ⊢ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 ⊆ (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∃𝑐 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑡 ∈ 𝑇 (𝑁‘(𝑡‘𝑥)) ≤ 𝑐 ↔ ∃𝑑 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑡 ∈ 𝑇 ((𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊)‘𝑡) ≤ 𝑑))

Theorem	ubth 30393*	Uniform Boundedness Theorem, also called the Banach-Steinhaus Theorem. Let 𝑇 be a collection of bounded linear operators on a Banach space. If, for every vector 𝑥, the norms of the operators' values are bounded, then the operators' norms are also bounded. Theorem 4.7-3 of [Kreyszig] p. 249. See also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_boundedness_principle. (Contributed by NM, 7-Nov-2007.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 11-Jan-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑊) & ⊢ 𝑀 = (𝑈 normOp_OLD 𝑊) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑈 ∈ CBan ∧ 𝑊 ∈ NrmCVec ∧ 𝑇 ⊆ (𝑈 BLnOp 𝑊)) → (∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∃𝑐 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑡 ∈ 𝑇 (𝑁‘(𝑡‘𝑥)) ≤ 𝑐 ↔ ∃𝑑 ∈ ℝ ∀𝑡 ∈ 𝑇 (𝑀‘𝑡) ≤ 𝑑))

19.6.4 Minimizing Vector Theorem

Theorem	minvecolem1 30394*	Lemma for minveco 30404. The set of all distances from points of 𝑌 to 𝐴 are a nonempty set of nonnegative reals. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 8-May-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ ((SubSp‘𝑈) ∩ CBan)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝑅 = ran (𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ↦ (𝑁‘(𝐴𝑀𝑦))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑅 ⊆ ℝ ∧ 𝑅 ≠ ∅ ∧ ∀𝑤 ∈ 𝑅 0 ≤ 𝑤))

Theorem	minvecolem2 30395*	Lemma for minveco 30404. Any two points 𝐾 and 𝐿 in 𝑌 are close to each other if they are close to the infimum of distance to 𝐴. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 9-May-2014.) (Revised by AV, 4-Oct-2020.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ ((SubSp‘𝑈) ∩ CBan)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝑅 = ran (𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ↦ (𝑁‘(𝐴𝑀𝑦))) & ⊢ 𝑆 = inf(𝑅, ℝ, < ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℝ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 ≤ 𝐵) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ 𝑌) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 ∈ 𝑌) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴𝐷𝐾)↑2) ≤ ((𝑆↑2) + 𝐵)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴𝐷𝐿)↑2) ≤ ((𝑆↑2) + 𝐵)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐾𝐷𝐿)↑2) ≤ (4 · 𝐵))

Theorem	minvecolem3 30396*	Lemma for minveco 30404. The sequence formed by taking elements successively closer to the infimum is Cauchy. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 8-May-2014.) (Revised by AV, 4-Oct-2020.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ ((SubSp‘𝑈) ∩ CBan)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝑅 = ran (𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ↦ (𝑁‘(𝐴𝑀𝑦))) & ⊢ 𝑆 = inf(𝑅, ℝ, < ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℕ⟶𝑌) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ) → ((𝐴𝐷(𝐹‘𝑛))↑2) ≤ ((𝑆↑2) + (1 / 𝑛))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (Cau‘𝐷))

Theorem	minvecolem4a 30397*	Lemma for minveco 30404. 𝐹 is convergent in the subspace topology on 𝑌. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 7-May-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ ((SubSp‘𝑈) ∩ CBan)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝑅 = ran (𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ↦ (𝑁‘(𝐴𝑀𝑦))) & ⊢ 𝑆 = inf(𝑅, ℝ, < ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℕ⟶𝑌) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ) → ((𝐴𝐷(𝐹‘𝑛))↑2) ≤ ((𝑆↑2) + (1 / 𝑛))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹(⇝_𝑡‘(MetOpen‘(𝐷 ↾ (𝑌 × 𝑌))))((⇝_𝑡‘(MetOpen‘(𝐷 ↾ (𝑌 × 𝑌))))‘𝐹))

Theorem	minvecolem4b 30398*	Lemma for minveco 30404. The convergent point of the cauchy sequence 𝐹 is a member of the base space. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 16-Jun-2014.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ ((SubSp‘𝑈) ∩ CBan)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝑅 = ran (𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ↦ (𝑁‘(𝐴𝑀𝑦))) & ⊢ 𝑆 = inf(𝑅, ℝ, < ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℕ⟶𝑌) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ) → ((𝐴𝐷(𝐹‘𝑛))↑2) ≤ ((𝑆↑2) + (1 / 𝑛))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ((⇝_𝑡‘𝐽)‘𝐹) ∈ 𝑋)

Theorem	minvecolem4c 30399*	Lemma for minveco 30404. The infimum of the distances to 𝐴 is a real number. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 16-Jun-2014.) (Revised by AV, 4-Oct-2020.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ ((SubSp‘𝑈) ∩ CBan)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝑅 = ran (𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ↦ (𝑁‘(𝐴𝑀𝑦))) & ⊢ 𝑆 = inf(𝑅, ℝ, < ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℕ⟶𝑌) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ) → ((𝐴𝐷(𝐹‘𝑛))↑2) ≤ ((𝑆↑2) + (1 / 𝑛))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ∈ ℝ)

Theorem	minvecolem4 30400*	Lemma for minveco 30404. The convergent point of the cauchy sequence 𝐹 attains the minimum distance, and so is closer to 𝐴 than any other point in 𝑌. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 7-May-2014.) (Revised by AV, 4-Oct-2020.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝑋 = (BaseSet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑀 = ( −_𝑣 ‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑁 = (norm_CV‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝑌 = (BaseSet‘𝑊) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ CPreHil_OLD) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑊 ∈ ((SubSp‘𝑈) ∩ CBan)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ 𝑋) & ⊢ 𝐷 = (IndMet‘𝑈) & ⊢ 𝐽 = (MetOpen‘𝐷) & ⊢ 𝑅 = ran (𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 ↦ (𝑁‘(𝐴𝑀𝑦))) & ⊢ 𝑆 = inf(𝑅, ℝ, < ) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℕ⟶𝑌) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ) → ((𝐴𝐷(𝐹‘𝑛))↑2) ≤ ((𝑆↑2) + (1 / 𝑛))) & ⊢ 𝑇 = (1 / (((((𝐴𝐷((⇝_𝑡‘𝐽)‘𝐹)) + 𝑆) / 2)↑2) − (𝑆↑2))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑥 ∈ 𝑌 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 (𝑁‘(𝐴𝑀𝑥)) ≤ (𝑁‘(𝐴𝑀𝑦)))

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