P. 420 of Theorem List - Metamath Proof Explorer

Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer - 41901-42000   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	hdmapglem5 41901	Part 1.2 in [Baer] p. 110 line 34, f(u,v) alpha = f(v,u). (Contributed by NM, 12-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ⟨( I ↾ (Base‘𝐾)), ( I ↾ ((LTrn‘𝐾)‘𝑊))⟩    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = ((ocH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ − = (-g‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ (𝑂‘{𝐸}))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ (𝑂‘{𝐸}))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐼 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐽 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐺‘((𝑆‘𝐷)‘𝐶)) = ((𝑆‘𝐶)‘𝐷))
Theorem	hgmapvvlem1 41902	Involution property of scalar sigma map. Line 10 in [Baer] p. 111, t sigma squared = t. Our 𝐸, 𝐶, 𝐷, 𝑌, 𝑋 correspond to Baer's w, h, k, s, t. (Contributed by NM, 13-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ⟨( I ↾ (Base‘𝐾)), ( I ↾ ((LTrn‘𝐾)‘𝑊))⟩    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = ((ocH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (invr‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ (𝐵 ∖ { 0 }))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ (𝑂‘{𝐸}))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ (𝑂‘{𝐸}))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑆‘𝐷)‘𝐶) = 1 )    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ (𝐵 ∖ { 0 }))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑌 × (𝐺‘𝑋)) = 1 )    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐺‘(𝐺‘𝑋)) = 𝑋)
Theorem	hgmapvvlem2 41903	Lemma for hgmapvv 41905. Eliminate 𝑌 (Baer's s). (Contributed by NM, 13-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ⟨( I ↾ (Base‘𝐾)), ( I ↾ ((LTrn‘𝐾)‘𝑊))⟩    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = ((ocH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (invr‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ (𝐵 ∖ { 0 }))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ (𝑂‘{𝐸}))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ (𝑂‘{𝐸}))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑆‘𝐷)‘𝐶) = 1 )    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐺‘(𝐺‘𝑋)) = 𝑋)
Theorem	hgmapvvlem3 41904	Lemma for hgmapvv 41905. Eliminate ((𝑆‘𝐷)‘𝐶) = 1 (Baer's f(h,k)=1). (Contributed by NM, 13-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ⟨( I ↾ (Base‘𝐾)), ( I ↾ ((LTrn‘𝐾)‘𝑊))⟩    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = ((ocH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (invr‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ (𝐵 ∖ { 0 }))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐺‘(𝐺‘𝑋)) = 𝑋)
Theorem	hgmapvv 41905	Value of a double involution. Part 1.2 of [Baer] p. 110 line 37. (Contributed by NM, 13-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐺‘(𝐺‘𝑋)) = 𝑋)
Theorem	hdmapglem7a 41906*	Lemma for hdmapg 41909. (Contributed by NM, 14-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ⟨( I ↾ (Base‘𝐾)), ( I ↾ ((LTrn‘𝐾)‘𝑊))⟩    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = ((ocH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ⊕ = (LSSum‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (LSpan‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑢 ∈ (𝑂‘{𝐸})∃𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 𝑋 = ((𝑘 · 𝐸) + 𝑢))
Theorem	hdmapglem7b 41907	Lemma for hdmapg 41909. (Contributed by NM, 14-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ⟨( I ↾ (Base‘𝐾)), ( I ↾ ((LTrn‘𝐾)‘𝑊))⟩    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = ((ocH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ⊕ = (LSSum‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (LSpan‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ✚ = (+g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑥 ∈ (𝑂‘{𝐸}))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑦 ∈ (𝑂‘{𝐸}))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑚 ∈ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑛 ∈ 𝐵)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝑆‘((𝑚 · 𝐸) + 𝑥))‘((𝑛 · 𝐸) + 𝑦)) = ((𝑛 × (𝐺‘𝑚)) ✚ ((𝑆‘𝑥)‘𝑦)))
Theorem	hdmapglem7 41908	Lemma for hdmapg 41909. Line 15 in [Baer] p. 111, f(x,y) alpha = f(y,x). In the proof, our 𝐸, (𝑂‘{𝐸}), 𝑋, 𝑌, 𝑘, 𝑢, 𝑙, and 𝑣 correspond respectively to Baer's w, H, x, y, x', x'', y', and y'', and our ((𝑆‘𝑌)‘𝑋) corresponds to Baer's f(x,y). (Contributed by NM, 14-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ⟨( I ↾ (Base‘𝐾)), ( I ↾ ((LTrn‘𝐾)‘𝑊))⟩    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = ((ocH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ⊕ = (LSSum‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (LSpan‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ✚ = (+g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐺‘((𝑆‘𝑌)‘𝑋)) = ((𝑆‘𝑋)‘𝑌))
Theorem	hdmapg 41909	Apply the scalar sigma function (involution) 𝐺 to an inner product reverses the arguments. The inner product of 𝑋 and 𝑌 is represented by ((𝑆‘𝑌)‘𝑋). Line 15 in [Baer] p. 111, f(x,y) alpha = f(y,x). (Contributed by NM, 14-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐺‘((𝑆‘𝑌)‘𝑋)) = ((𝑆‘𝑋)‘𝑌))
Theorem	hdmapoc 41910*	Express our constructed orthocomplement (polarity) in terms of the Hilbert space definition of orthocomplement. Lines 24 and 25 in [Holland95] p. 14. (Contributed by NM, 17-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = ((ocH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ⊆ 𝑉)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑂‘𝑋) = {𝑦 ∈ 𝑉 ∣ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝑋 ((𝑆‘𝑧)‘𝑦) = 0 })
Syntax	chlh 41911	Extend class notation with the final constructed Hilbert space.
class HLHil
Definition	df-hlhil 41912*	Define our final Hilbert space constructed from a Hilbert lattice. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ HLHil = (𝑘 ∈ V ↦ (𝑤 ∈ (LHyp‘𝑘) ↦ ⦋((DVecH‘𝑘)‘𝑤) / 𝑢⦌⦋(Base‘𝑢) / 𝑣⦌({⟨(Base‘ndx), 𝑣⟩, ⟨(+g‘ndx), (+g‘𝑢)⟩, ⟨(Scalar‘ndx), (((EDRing‘𝑘)‘𝑤) sSet ⟨(*𝑟‘ndx), ((HGMap‘𝑘)‘𝑤)⟩)⟩} ∪ {⟨( ·𝑠 ‘ndx), ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑢)⟩, ⟨(·𝑖‘ndx), (𝑥 ∈ 𝑣, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑣 ↦ ((((HDMap‘𝑘)‘𝑤)‘𝑦)‘𝑥))⟩})))
Theorem	hlhilset 41913*	The final Hilbert space constructed from a Hilbert lattice 𝐾 and an arbitrary hyperplane 𝑊 in 𝐾. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ((EDRing‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (𝐸 sSet ⟨(*𝑟‘ndx), 𝐺⟩)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ , = (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑉 ↦ ((𝑆‘𝑦)‘𝑥))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 = ({⟨(Base‘ndx), 𝑉⟩, ⟨(+g‘ndx), + ⟩, ⟨(Scalar‘ndx), 𝑅⟩} ∪ {⟨( ·𝑠 ‘ndx), · ⟩, ⟨(·𝑖‘ndx), , ⟩}))
Theorem	hlhilsca 41914	The scalar of the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ((EDRing‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (𝐸 sSet ⟨(*𝑟‘ndx), 𝐺⟩)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈))
Theorem	hlhilbase 41915	The base set of the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (Base‘𝐿)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 = (Base‘𝑈))
Theorem	hlhilplus 41916	The vector addition for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝐿)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → + = (+g‘𝑈))
Theorem	hlhilslem 41917	Lemma for hlhilsbase 41918 etc. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.) (Revised by AV, 6-Nov-2024.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ((EDRing‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = Slot (𝐹‘ndx)    &   ⊢ (𝐹‘ndx) ≠ (*𝑟‘ndx)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (𝐹‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = (𝐹‘𝑅))
Theorem	hlhilsbase 41918	The scalar base set of the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.) (Revised by AV, 6-Nov-2024.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ((EDRing‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (Base‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = (Base‘𝑅))
Theorem	hlhilsplus 41919	Scalar addition for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.) (Revised by AV, 6-Nov-2024.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ((EDRing‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → + = (+g‘𝑅))
Theorem	hlhilsmul 41920	Scalar multiplication for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.) (Revised by AV, 6-Nov-2024.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = ((EDRing‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝐸)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → · = (.r‘𝑅))
Theorem	hlhilsbase2 41921	The scalar base set of the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (Base‘𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = (Base‘𝑅))
Theorem	hlhilsplus2 41922	Scalar addition for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → + = (+g‘𝑅))
Theorem	hlhilsmul2 41923	Scalar multiplication for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → · = (.r‘𝑅))
Theorem	hlhils0 41924	The scalar ring zero for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 29-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 = (0g‘𝑅))
Theorem	hlhils1N 41925	The scalar ring unity for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 29-Jun-2015.) (New usage is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 1 = (1r‘𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 = (1r‘𝑅))
Theorem	hlhilvsca 41926	The scalar product for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝑈))
Theorem	hlhilip 41927*	Inner product operation for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ , = (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑉 ↦ ((𝑆‘𝑦)‘𝑥))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → , = (·𝑖‘𝑈))
Theorem	hlhilipval 41928	Value of inner product operation for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ , = (·𝑖‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ 𝑉)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ 𝑉)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑋 , 𝑌) = ((𝑆‘𝑌)‘𝑋))
Theorem	hlhilnvl 41929	The involution operation of the star division ring for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ ∗ = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∗ = (*𝑟‘𝑅))
Theorem	hlhillvec 41930	The final constructed Hilbert space is a vector space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 29-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ LVec)
Theorem	hlhildrng 41931	The star division ring for the final constructed Hilbert space is a division ring. (Contributed by NM, 20-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ DivRing)
Theorem	hlhilsrnglem 41932	Lemma for hlhilsrng 41933. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 28-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑆 = (Scalar‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ · = (.r‘𝑆)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ *-Ring)
Theorem	hlhilsrng 41933	The star division ring for the final constructed Hilbert space is a division ring. (Contributed by NM, 21-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ *-Ring)
Theorem	hlhil0 41934	The zero vector for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 22-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 29-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝐿)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 = (0g‘𝑈))
Theorem	hlhillsm 41935	The vector sum operation for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 23-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 29-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ ⊕ = (LSSum‘𝐿)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ⊕ = (LSSum‘𝑈))
Theorem	hlhilocv 41936	The orthocomplement for the final constructed Hilbert space. (Contributed by NM, 23-Jun-2015.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 29-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = ((ocH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (ocv‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ⊆ 𝑉)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑂‘𝑋) = (𝑁‘𝑋))
Theorem	hlhillcs 41937	The closed subspaces of the final constructed Hilbert space. TODO: hlhilbase 41915 is applied over and over to conclusion rather than applied once to antecedent - would compressed proof be shorter if applied once to antecedent? (Contributed by NM, 23-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝐼 = ((DIsoH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (ClSubSp‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 = ran 𝐼)
Theorem	hlhilphllem 41938*	Lemma for hlhil 25359. (Contributed by NM, 23-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ⨣ = (+g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑄 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ , = (·𝑖‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑉 ↦ ((𝐽‘𝑦)‘𝑥))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ PreHil)
Theorem	hlhilhillem 41939*	Lemma for hlhil 25359. (Contributed by NM, 23-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (Scalar‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐿 = ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝑉 = (Base‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ + = (+g‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ · = ( ·𝑠 ‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝑅 = (Scalar‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ 𝐵 = (Base‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ ⨣ = (+g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ × = (.r‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑄 = (0g‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 0 = (0g‘𝐿)    &   ⊢ , = (·𝑖‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = ((HDMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐺 = ((HGMap‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ 𝐸 = (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑉 ↦ ((𝐽‘𝑦)‘𝑥))    &   ⊢ 𝑂 = (ocv‘𝑈)    &   ⊢ 𝐶 = (ClSubSp‘𝑈)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ Hil)
Theorem	hlathil 41940	Construction of a Hilbert space (df-hil 21629) 𝑈 from a Hilbert lattice (df-hlat 39329) 𝐾, where 𝑊 is a fixed but arbitrary hyperplane (co-atom) in 𝐾. The Hilbert space 𝑈 is identical to the vector space ((DVecH‘𝐾)‘𝑊) (see dvhlvec 41088) except that it is extended with involution and inner product components. The construction of these two components is provided by Theorem 3.6 in [Holland95] p. 13, whose proof we follow loosely. An example of involution is the complex conjugate when the division ring is the field of complex numbers. The nature of the division ring we constructed is indeterminate, however, until we specialize the initial Hilbert lattice with additional conditions found by Maria Solèr in 1995 and refined by René Mayet in 1998 that result in a division ring isomorphic to ℂ. See additional discussion at https://us.metamath.org/qlegif/mmql.html#what 41088. 𝑊 corresponds to the w in the proof of Theorem 13.4 of [Crawley] p. 111. Such a 𝑊 always exists since HL has lattice rank of at least 4 by df-hil 21629. It can be eliminated if we just want to show the existence of a Hilbert space, as is done in the literature. (Contributed by NM, 23-Jun-2015.)
⊢ 𝐻 = (LHyp‘𝐾)    &   ⊢ 𝑈 = ((HLHil‘𝐾)‘𝑊)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 ∈ HL ∧ 𝑊 ∈ 𝐻))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ Hil)
21.29  Mathbox for metakunt
21.29.1  Commutative Semiring
Syntax	ccsrg 41941	Extend class notation with the class of all commutative semirings.
class CSRing
Definition	df-csring 41942	Define the class of all commutative semirings. (Contributed by metakunt, 4-Apr-2025.)
⊢ CSRing = {𝑓 ∈ SRing ∣ (mulGrp‘𝑓) ∈ CMnd}
Theorem	iscsrg 41943	A commutative semiring is a semiring whose multiplication is a commutative monoid. (Contributed by metakunt, 4-Apr-2025.)
⊢ 𝐺 = (mulGrp‘𝑅)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑅 ∈ CSRing ↔ (𝑅 ∈ SRing ∧ 𝐺 ∈ CMnd))
21.29.2  General helpful statements
Theorem	rhmzrhval 41944	Evaluation of integers across a ring homomorphism. (Contributed by metakunt, 4-Jun-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (𝑅 RingHom 𝑆))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ 𝑀 = (ℤRHom‘𝑅)    &   ⊢ 𝑁 = (ℤRHom‘𝑆)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹‘(𝑀‘𝑋)) = (𝑁‘𝑋))
Theorem	zndvdchrrhm 41945*	Construction of a ring homomorphism from ℤ/nℤ to 𝑅 when the characteristic of 𝑅 divides 𝑁. (Contributed by metakunt, 4-Jun-2025.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ Ring)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (chr‘𝑅) ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (chr‘𝑅) ∥ 𝑁)    &   ⊢ 𝑍 = (ℤ/nℤ‘𝑁)    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑥 ∈ (Base‘𝑍) ↦ ∪ ((ℤRHom‘𝑅) “ 𝑥))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (𝑍 RingHom 𝑅))
Theorem	relogbcld 41946	Closure of the general logarithm with a positive real base on positive reals, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 22-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ 1)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐵 logb 𝑋) ∈ ℝ)
Theorem	relogbexpd 41947	Identity law for general logarithm: the logarithm of a power to the base is the exponent, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 22-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℝ+)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ 1)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐵 logb (𝐵↑𝑀)) = 𝑀)
Theorem	relogbzexpd 41948	Power law for the general logarithm for integer powers: The logarithm of a positive real number to the power of an integer is equal to the product of the exponent and the logarithm of the base of the power, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 22-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℝ+)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ 1)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℝ+)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐵 logb (𝐶↑𝑁)) = (𝑁 · (𝐵 logb 𝐶)))
Theorem	logblebd 41949	The general logarithm is monotone/increasing, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 22-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 2 ≤ 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 < 𝑌)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ≤ 𝑌)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐵 logb 𝑋) ≤ (𝐵 logb 𝑌))
Theorem	uzindd 41950*	Induction on the upper integers that start at 𝑀. The first four hypotheses give us the substitution instances we need; the following two are the basis and the induction step, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 8-Jun-2024.)
⊢ (𝑗 = 𝑀 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜒))    &   ⊢ (𝑗 = 𝑘 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜃))    &   ⊢ (𝑗 = (𝑘 + 1) → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜏))    &   ⊢ (𝑗 = 𝑁 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜂))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝜒)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝜃 ∧ (𝑘 ∈ ℤ ∧ 𝑀 ≤ 𝑘)) → 𝜏)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ≤ 𝑁)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝜂)
Theorem	fzadd2d 41951	Membership of a sum in a finite interval of integers, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 10-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑂 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐽 ∈ (𝑀...𝑁))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝑂...𝑃))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑄 = (𝑀 + 𝑂))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 = (𝑁 + 𝑃))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐽 + 𝐾) ∈ (𝑄...𝑅))
Theorem	zltp1led 41952	Integer ordering relation, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 23-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑀 < 𝑁 ↔ (𝑀 + 1) ≤ 𝑁))
Theorem	fzne2d 41953	Elementhood in a finite set of sequential integers, except its upper bound. (Contributed by metakunt, 23-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝑀...𝑁))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ≠ 𝑁)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 < 𝑁)
Theorem	eqfnfv2d2 41954*	Equality of functions is determined by their values, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 28-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 Fn 𝐴)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 Fn 𝐵)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 = 𝐵)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → (𝐹‘𝑥) = (𝐺‘𝑥))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 = 𝐺)
Theorem	fzsplitnd 41955	Split a finite interval of integers into two parts. (Contributed by metakunt, 28-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ (𝑀...𝑁))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑀...𝑁) = ((𝑀...(𝐾 − 1)) ∪ (𝐾...𝑁)))
Theorem	fzsplitnr 41956	Split a finite interval of integers into two parts. (Contributed by metakunt, 28-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ≤ 𝐾)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ≤ 𝑁)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑀...𝑁) = ((𝑀...(𝐾 − 1)) ∪ (𝐾...𝑁)))
Theorem	addassnni 41957	Associative law for addition. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℕ    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 + 𝐵) + 𝐶) = (𝐴 + (𝐵 + 𝐶))
Theorem	addcomnni 41958	Commutative law for addition. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℕ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 + 𝐵) = (𝐵 + 𝐴)
Theorem	mulassnni 41959	Associative law for multiplication. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝐶 ∈ ℕ    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 · 𝐵) · 𝐶) = (𝐴 · (𝐵 · 𝐶))
Theorem	mulcomnni 41960	Commutative law for multiplication. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝐵 ∈ ℕ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐴 · 𝐵) = (𝐵 · 𝐴)
Theorem	gcdcomnni 41961	Commutative law for gcd. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑀 gcd 𝑁) = (𝑁 gcd 𝑀)
Theorem	gcdnegnni 41962	Negation invariance for gcd. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑀 gcd -𝑁) = (𝑀 gcd 𝑁)
Theorem	neggcdnni 41963	Negation invariance for gcd. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ    ⇒   ⊢ (-𝑀 gcd 𝑁) = (𝑀 gcd 𝑁)
Theorem	bccl2d 41964	Closure of the binomial coefficient, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 12-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ0)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ≤ 𝑁)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑁C𝐾) ∈ ℕ)
Theorem	recbothd 41965	Take reciprocal on both sides. (Contributed by metakunt, 12-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ≠ 0)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ≠ 0)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐶 ≠ 0)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐷 ≠ 0)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐴 / 𝐵) = (𝐶 / 𝐷) ↔ (𝐵 / 𝐴) = (𝐷 / 𝐶)))
Theorem	gcdmultiplei 41966	The GCD of a multiple of a positive integer is the positive integer itself. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑀 gcd (𝑀 · 𝑁)) = 𝑀
Theorem	gcdaddmzz2nni 41967	Adding a multiple of one operand of the gcd operator to the other does not alter the result. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ ℤ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑀 gcd 𝑁) = (𝑀 gcd (𝑁 + (𝐾 · 𝑀)))
Theorem	gcdaddmzz2nncomi 41968	Adding a multiple of one operand of the gcd operator to the other does not alter the result. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ ℤ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑀 gcd 𝑁) = (𝑀 gcd ((𝐾 · 𝑀) + 𝑁))
Theorem	gcdnncli 41969	Closure of the gcd operator. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑀 gcd 𝑁) ∈ ℕ
Theorem	muldvds1d 41970	If a product divides an integer, so does one of its factors, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 12-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 · 𝑀) ∥ 𝑁)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∥ 𝑁)
Theorem	muldvds2d 41971	If a product divides an integer, so does one of its factors, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 12-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 · 𝑀) ∥ 𝑁)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∥ 𝑁)
Theorem	nndivdvdsd 41972	A positive integer divides a natural number if and only if the quotient is a positive integer, a deduction version of nndivdvds 16190. (Contributed by metakunt, 12-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℕ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑀 ∥ 𝑁 ↔ (𝑁 / 𝑀) ∈ ℕ))
Theorem	nnproddivdvdsd 41973	A product of natural numbers divides a natural number if and only if a factor divides the quotient, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 12-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ ℕ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℕ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ((𝐾 · 𝑀) ∥ 𝑁 ↔ 𝐾 ∥ (𝑁 / 𝑀)))
Theorem	coprmdvds2d 41974	If an integer is divisible by two coprime integers, then it is divisible by their product, a deduction version. (Contributed by metakunt, 12-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℤ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 gcd 𝑀) = 1)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐾 ∥ 𝑁)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∥ 𝑁)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐾 · 𝑀) ∥ 𝑁)
Theorem	imadomfi 41975	An image of a function under a finite set is dominated by the set. (Contributed by SN, 10-May-2025.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ Fin ∧ Fun 𝐹) → (𝐹 “ 𝐴) ≼ 𝐴)
21.29.3  Some gcd and lcm results
Theorem	12gcd5e1 41976	The gcd of 12 and 5 is 1. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (;12 gcd 5) = 1
Theorem	60gcd6e6 41977	The gcd of 60 and 6 is 6. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (;60 gcd 6) = 6
Theorem	60gcd7e1 41978	The gcd of 60 and 7 is 1. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (;60 gcd 7) = 1
Theorem	420gcd8e4 41979	The gcd of 420 and 8 is 4. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (;;420 gcd 8) = 4
Theorem	lcmeprodgcdi 41980	Calculate the least common multiple of two natural numbers. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝑁 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝐺 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ 𝐻 ∈ ℕ    &   ⊢ (𝑀 gcd 𝑁) = 𝐺    &   ⊢ (𝐺 · 𝐻) = 𝐴    &   ⊢ (𝑀 · 𝑁) = 𝐴    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑀 lcm 𝑁) = 𝐻
Theorem	12lcm5e60 41981	The lcm of 12 and 5 is 60. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (;12 lcm 5) = ;60
Theorem	60lcm6e60 41982	The lcm of 60 and 6 is 60. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (;60 lcm 6) = ;60
Theorem	60lcm7e420 41983	The lcm of 60 and 7 is 420. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (;60 lcm 7) = ;;420
Theorem	420lcm8e840 41984	The lcm of 420 and 8 is 840. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (;;420 lcm 8) = ;;840
Theorem	lcmfunnnd 41985	Useful equation to calculate the least common multiple of 1 to n. (Contributed by metakunt, 29-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ ℕ)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (lcm‘(1...𝑁)) = ((lcm‘(1...(𝑁 − 1))) lcm 𝑁))
Theorem	lcm1un 41986	Least common multiple of natural numbers up to 1 equals 1. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (lcm‘(1...1)) = 1
Theorem	lcm2un 41987	Least common multiple of natural numbers up to 2 equals 2. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (lcm‘(1...2)) = 2
Theorem	lcm3un 41988	Least common multiple of natural numbers up to 3 equals 6. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (lcm‘(1...3)) = 6
Theorem	lcm4un 41989	Least common multiple of natural numbers up to 4 equals 12. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (lcm‘(1...4)) = ;12
Theorem	lcm5un 41990	Least common multiple of natural numbers up to 5 equals 60. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (lcm‘(1...5)) = ;60
Theorem	lcm6un 41991	Least common multiple of natural numbers up to 6 equals 60. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (lcm‘(1...6)) = ;60
Theorem	lcm7un 41992	Least common multiple of natural numbers up to 7 equals 420. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (lcm‘(1...7)) = ;;420
Theorem	lcm8un 41993	Least common multiple of natural numbers up to 8 equals 840. (Contributed by metakunt, 25-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (lcm‘(1...8)) = ;;840
21.29.4  Least common multiple inequality theorem
Theorem	3factsumint1 41994*	Move constants out of integrals or sums and/or commute sum and integral. (Contributed by metakunt, 26-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝐿[,]𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ Fin)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝐹 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝐹) ∈ (𝐴–cn→ℂ))    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵) → 𝐺 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵)) → 𝐻 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝐻) ∈ (𝐴–cn→ℂ))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∫𝐴Σ𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐹 · (𝐺 · 𝐻)) d𝑥 = Σ𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 ∫𝐴(𝐹 · (𝐺 · 𝐻)) d𝑥)
Theorem	3factsumint2 41995*	Move constants out of integrals or sums and/or commute sum and integral. (Contributed by metakunt, 26-Apr-2024.)
⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝐹 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵) → 𝐺 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵)) → 𝐻 ∈ ℂ)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → Σ𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 ∫𝐴(𝐹 · (𝐺 · 𝐻)) d𝑥 = Σ𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 ∫𝐴(𝐺 · (𝐹 · 𝐻)) d𝑥)
Theorem	3factsumint3 41996*	Move constants out of integrals or sums and/or commute sum and integral. (Contributed by metakunt, 26-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝐿[,]𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝐹 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝐹) ∈ (𝐴–cn→ℂ))    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵) → 𝐺 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵)) → 𝐻 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝐻) ∈ (𝐴–cn→ℂ))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → Σ𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 ∫𝐴(𝐺 · (𝐹 · 𝐻)) d𝑥 = Σ𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐺 · ∫𝐴(𝐹 · 𝐻) d𝑥))
Theorem	3factsumint4 41997*	Move constants out of integrals or sums and/or commute sum and integral. (Contributed by metakunt, 26-Apr-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ Fin)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝐹 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵) → 𝐺 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵)) → 𝐻 ∈ ℂ)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∫𝐴Σ𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐹 · (𝐺 · 𝐻)) d𝑥 = ∫𝐴(𝐹 · Σ𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐺 · 𝐻)) d𝑥)
Theorem	3factsumint 41998*	Helpful equation for lcm inequality proof. (Contributed by metakunt, 26-Apr-2024.)
⊢ 𝐴 = (𝐿[,]𝑈)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ Fin)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐿 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑈 ∈ ℝ)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝐹) ∈ (𝐴–cn→ℂ))    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵) → 𝐺 ∈ ℂ)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑘 ∈ 𝐵) → (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ 𝐻) ∈ (𝐴–cn→ℂ))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∫𝐴(𝐹 · Σ𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐺 · 𝐻)) d𝑥 = Σ𝑘 ∈ 𝐵 (𝐺 · ∫𝐴(𝐹 · 𝐻) d𝑥))
Theorem	resopunitintvd 41999	Restrict continuous function on open unit interval. (Contributed by metakunt, 12-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ ℂ ↦ 𝐴) ∈ (ℂ–cn→ℂ))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ (0(,)1) ↦ 𝐴) ∈ ((0(,)1)–cn→ℂ))
Theorem	resclunitintvd 42000	Restrict continuous function on closed unit interval. (Contributed by metakunt, 12-May-2024.)
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ ℂ ↦ 𝐴) ∈ (ℂ–cn→ℂ))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∈ (0[,]1) ↦ 𝐴) ∈ ((0[,]1)–cn→ℂ))