P. 231 of Theorem List - Metamath Proof Explorer

Theorem List for Metamath Proof Explorer - 23001-23100   *Has distinct variable group(s)

Type	Label	Description
Statement
Theorem	bastop2 23001*	A version of bastop1 23000 that doesn't have 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐽 in the antecedent. (Contributed by NM, 3-Feb-2008.)
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → ((topGen‘𝐵) = 𝐽 ↔ (𝐵 ⊆ 𝐽 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐽 ∃𝑦(𝑦 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝑥 = ∪ 𝑦))))
12.1.3  Examples of topologies
Theorem	distop 23002	The discrete topology on a set 𝐴. Part of Example 2 in [Munkres] p. 77. (Contributed by FL, 17-Jul-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 19-Mar-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝒫 𝐴 ∈ Top)
Theorem	topnex 23003	The class of all topologies is a proper class. The proof uses discrete topologies and pwnex 7779; an alternate proof uses indiscrete topologies (see indistop 23009) and the analogue of pwnex 7779 with pairs {∅, 𝑥} instead of power sets 𝒫 𝑥 (that analogue is also a consequence of abnex 7777). (Contributed by BJ, 2-May-2021.)
⊢ Top ∉ V
Theorem	distopon 23004	The discrete topology on a set 𝐴, with base set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝒫 𝐴 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴))
Theorem	sn0topon 23005	The singleton of the empty set is a topology on the empty set. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.)
⊢ {∅} ∈ (TopOn‘∅)
Theorem	sn0top 23006	The singleton of the empty set is a topology. (Contributed by Stefan Allan, 3-Mar-2006.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.)
⊢ {∅} ∈ Top
Theorem	indislem 23007	A lemma to eliminate some sethood hypotheses when dealing with the indiscrete topology. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Aug-2015.)
⊢ {∅, ( I ‘𝐴)} = {∅, 𝐴}
Theorem	indistopon 23008	The indiscrete topology on a set 𝐴. Part of Example 2 in [Munkres] p. 77. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → {∅, 𝐴} ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴))
Theorem	indistop 23009	The indiscrete topology on a set 𝐴. Part of Example 2 in [Munkres] p. 77. (Contributed by FL, 16-Jul-2006.) (Revised by Stefan Allan, 6-Nov-2008.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.)
⊢ {∅, 𝐴} ∈ Top
Theorem	indisuni 23010	The base set of the indiscrete topology. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 14-Aug-2015.)
⊢ ( I ‘𝐴) = ∪ {∅, 𝐴}
Theorem	fctop 23011*	The finite complement topology on a set 𝐴. Example 3 in [Munkres] p. 77. (Contributed by FL, 15-Aug-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → {𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 𝐴 ∣ ((𝐴 ∖ 𝑥) ∈ Fin ∨ 𝑥 = ∅)} ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴))
Theorem	fctop2 23012*	The finite complement topology on a set 𝐴. Example 3 in [Munkres] p. 77. (This version of fctop 23011 requires the Axiom of Infinity.) (Contributed by FL, 20-Aug-2006.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → {𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 𝐴 ∣ ((𝐴 ∖ 𝑥) ≺ ω ∨ 𝑥 = ∅)} ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴))
Theorem	cctop 23013*	The countable complement topology on a set 𝐴. Example 4 in [Munkres] p. 77. (Contributed by FL, 23-Aug-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 13-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → {𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 𝐴 ∣ ((𝐴 ∖ 𝑥) ≼ ω ∨ 𝑥 = ∅)} ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴))
Theorem	ppttop 23014*	The particular point topology. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Sep-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑃 ∈ 𝐴) → {𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 𝐴 ∣ (𝑃 ∈ 𝑥 ∨ 𝑥 = ∅)} ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴))
Theorem	pptbas 23015*	The particular point topology is generated by a basis consisting of pairs {𝑥, 𝑃} for each 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Sep-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑃 ∈ 𝐴) → {𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 𝐴 ∣ (𝑃 ∈ 𝑥 ∨ 𝑥 = ∅)} = (topGen‘ran (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ↦ {𝑥, 𝑃})))
Theorem	epttop 23016*	The excluded point topology. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 3-Sep-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ 𝑃 ∈ 𝐴) → {𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 𝐴 ∣ (𝑃 ∈ 𝑥 → 𝑥 = 𝐴)} ∈ (TopOn‘𝐴))
Theorem	indistpsx 23017	The indiscrete topology on a set 𝐴 expressed as a topological space, using explicit structure component references. Compare with indistps 23018 and indistps2 23019. The advantage of this version is that the actual function for the structure is evident, and df-ndx 17231 is not needed, nor any other special definition outside of basic set theory. The disadvantage is that if the indices of the component definitions df-base 17248 and df-tset 17316 are changed in the future, this theorem will also have to be changed. Note: This theorem has hard-coded structure indices for demonstration purposes. It is not intended for general use; use indistps 23018 instead. (New usage is discouraged.) (Contributed by FL, 19-Jul-2006.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = {⟨1, 𝐴⟩, ⟨9, {∅, 𝐴}⟩}    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ TopSp
Theorem	indistps 23018	The indiscrete topology on a set 𝐴 expressed as a topological space, using implicit structure indices. The advantage of this version over indistpsx 23017 is that it is independent of the indices of the component definitions df-base 17248 and df-tset 17316, and if they are changed in the future, this theorem will not be affected. The advantage over indistps2 23019 is that it is easy to eliminate the hypotheses with eqid 2737 and vtoclg 3554 to result in a closed theorem. Theorems indistpsALT 23020 and indistps2ALT 23022 show that the two forms can be derived from each other. (Contributed by FL, 19-Jul-2006.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = {⟨(Base‘ndx), 𝐴⟩, ⟨(TopSet‘ndx), {∅, 𝐴}⟩}    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ TopSp
Theorem	indistps2 23019	The indiscrete topology on a set 𝐴 expressed as a topological space, using direct component assignments. Compare with indistps 23018. The advantage of this version is that it is the shortest to state and easiest to work with in most situations. Theorems indistpsALT 23020 and indistps2ALT 23022 show that the two forms can be derived from each other. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-2012.)
⊢ (Base‘𝐾) = 𝐴    &   ⊢ (TopOpen‘𝐾) = {∅, 𝐴}    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ TopSp
Theorem	indistpsALT 23020	The indiscrete topology on a set 𝐴 expressed as a topological space. Here we show how to derive the structural version indistps 23018 from the direct component assignment version indistps2 23019. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-2012.) (Revised by AV, 31-Oct-2024.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = {⟨(Base‘ndx), 𝐴⟩, ⟨(TopSet‘ndx), {∅, 𝐴}⟩}    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ TopSp
Theorem	indistpsALTOLD 23021	Obsolete version of indistpsALT 23020 as of 31-Oct-2024. The indiscrete topology on a set 𝐴 expressed as a topological space. Here we show how to derive the structural version indistps 23018 from the direct component assignment version indistps2 23019. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-2012.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = {⟨(Base‘ndx), 𝐴⟩, ⟨(TopSet‘ndx), {∅, 𝐴}⟩}    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ TopSp
Theorem	indistps2ALT 23022	The indiscrete topology on a set 𝐴 expressed as a topological space, using direct component assignments. Here we show how to derive the direct component assignment version indistps2 23019 from the structural version indistps 23018. (Contributed by NM, 24-Oct-2012.) (New usage is discouraged.) (Proof modification is discouraged.)
⊢ (Base‘𝐾) = 𝐴    &   ⊢ (TopOpen‘𝐾) = {∅, 𝐴}    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ TopSp
Theorem	distps 23023	The discrete topology on a set 𝐴 expressed as a topological space. (Contributed by FL, 20-Aug-2006.)
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ V    &   ⊢ 𝐾 = {⟨(Base‘ndx), 𝐴⟩, ⟨(TopSet‘ndx), 𝒫 𝐴⟩}    ⇒   ⊢ 𝐾 ∈ TopSp
12.1.4  Closure and interior
Syntax	ccld 23024	Extend class notation with the set of closed sets of a topology.
class Clsd
Syntax	cnt 23025	Extend class notation with interior of a subset of a topology base set.
class int
Syntax	ccl 23026	Extend class notation with closure of a subset of a topology base set.
class cls
Definition	df-cld 23027*	Define a function on topologies whose value is the set of closed sets of the topology. (Contributed by NM, 2-Oct-2006.)
⊢ Clsd = (𝑗 ∈ Top ↦ {𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 ∪ 𝑗 ∣ (∪ 𝑗 ∖ 𝑥) ∈ 𝑗})
Definition	df-ntr 23028*	Define a function on topologies whose value is the interior function on the subsets of the base set. See ntrval 23044. (Contributed by NM, 10-Sep-2006.)
⊢ int = (𝑗 ∈ Top ↦ (𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 ∪ 𝑗 ↦ ∪ (𝑗 ∩ 𝒫 𝑥)))
Definition	df-cls 23029*	Define a function on topologies whose value is the closure function on the subsets of the base set. See clsval 23045. (Contributed by NM, 3-Oct-2006.)
⊢ cls = (𝑗 ∈ Top ↦ (𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 ∪ 𝑗 ↦ ∩ {𝑦 ∈ (Clsd‘𝑗) ∣ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦}))
Theorem	fncld 23030	The closed-set generator is a well-behaved function. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 1-Feb-2015.)
⊢ Clsd Fn Top
Theorem	cldval 23031*	The set of closed sets of a topology. (Note that the set of open sets is just the topology itself, so we don't have a separate definition.) (Contributed by NM, 2-Oct-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (Clsd‘𝐽) = {𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 𝑋 ∣ (𝑋 ∖ 𝑥) ∈ 𝐽})
Theorem	ntrfval 23032*	The interior function on the subsets of a topology's base set. (Contributed by NM, 10-Sep-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (int‘𝐽) = (𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 𝑋 ↦ ∪ (𝐽 ∩ 𝒫 𝑥)))
Theorem	clsfval 23033*	The closure function on the subsets of a topology's base set. (Contributed by NM, 3-Oct-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (cls‘𝐽) = (𝑥 ∈ 𝒫 𝑋 ↦ ∩ {𝑦 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) ∣ 𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦}))
Theorem	cldrcl 23034	Reverse closure of the closed set operation. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.)
⊢ (𝐶 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) → 𝐽 ∈ Top)
Theorem	iscld 23035	The predicate "the class 𝑆 is a closed set". (Contributed by NM, 2-Oct-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (𝑆 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) ↔ (𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋 ∧ (𝑋 ∖ 𝑆) ∈ 𝐽)))
Theorem	iscld2 23036	A subset of the underlying set of a topology is closed iff its complement is open. (Contributed by NM, 4-Oct-2006.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → (𝑆 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) ↔ (𝑋 ∖ 𝑆) ∈ 𝐽))
Theorem	cldss 23037	A closed set is a subset of the underlying set of a topology. (Contributed by NM, 5-Oct-2006.) (Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) → 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋)
Theorem	cldss2 23038	The set of closed sets is contained in the powerset of the base. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-Jan-2014.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (Clsd‘𝐽) ⊆ 𝒫 𝑋
Theorem	cldopn 23039	The complement of a closed set is open. (Contributed by NM, 5-Oct-2006.) (Revised by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝑆 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) → (𝑋 ∖ 𝑆) ∈ 𝐽)
Theorem	isopn2 23040	A subset of the underlying set of a topology is open iff its complement is closed. (Contributed by NM, 4-Oct-2006.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → (𝑆 ∈ 𝐽 ↔ (𝑋 ∖ 𝑆) ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽)))
Theorem	opncld 23041	The complement of an open set is closed. (Contributed by NM, 6-Oct-2006.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ∈ 𝐽) → (𝑋 ∖ 𝑆) ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	difopn 23042	The difference of a closed set with an open set is open. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 6-Jan-2014.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ 𝐽 ∧ 𝐵 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽)) → (𝐴 ∖ 𝐵) ∈ 𝐽)
Theorem	topcld 23043	The underlying set of a topology is closed. Part of Theorem 6.1(1) of [Munkres] p. 93. (Contributed by NM, 3-Oct-2006.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → 𝑋 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	ntrval 23044	The interior of a subset of a topology's base set is the union of all the open sets it includes. Definition of interior of [Munkres] p. 94. (Contributed by NM, 10-Sep-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = ∪ (𝐽 ∩ 𝒫 𝑆))
Theorem	clsval 23045*	The closure of a subset of a topology's base set is the intersection of all the closed sets that include it. Definition of closure of [Munkres] p. 94. (Contributed by NM, 10-Sep-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = ∩ {𝑥 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) ∣ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑥})
Theorem	0cld 23046	The empty set is closed. Part of Theorem 6.1(1) of [Munkres] p. 93. (Contributed by NM, 4-Oct-2006.)
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → ∅ ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	iincld 23047*	The indexed intersection of a collection 𝐵(𝑥) of closed sets is closed. Theorem 6.1(2) of [Munkres] p. 93. (Contributed by NM, 5-Oct-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-Sep-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ≠ ∅ ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽)) → ∩ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	intcld 23048	The intersection of a set of closed sets is closed. (Contributed by NM, 5-Oct-2006.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ≠ ∅ ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ (Clsd‘𝐽)) → ∩ 𝐴 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	uncld 23049	The union of two closed sets is closed. Equivalent to Theorem 6.1(3) of [Munkres] p. 93. (Contributed by NM, 5-Oct-2006.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) ∧ 𝐵 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽)) → (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	cldcls 23050	A closed subset equals its own closure. (Contributed by NM, 15-Mar-2007.)
⊢ (𝑆 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) → ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = 𝑆)
Theorem	incld 23051	The intersection of two closed sets is closed. (Contributed by Jeff Madsen, 2-Sep-2009.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-Sep-2015.)
⊢ ((𝐴 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) ∧ 𝐵 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽)) → (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	riincld 23052*	An indexed relative intersection of closed sets is closed. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 22-Feb-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽)) → (𝑋 ∩ ∩ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵) ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	iuncld 23053*	A finite indexed union of closed sets is closed. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 19-Sep-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Fin ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽)) → ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	unicld 23054	A finite union of closed sets is closed. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 19-Sep-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ∈ Fin ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ (Clsd‘𝐽)) → ∪ 𝐴 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	clscld 23055	The closure of a subset of a topology's underlying set is closed. (Contributed by NM, 4-Oct-2006.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	clsf 23056	The closure function is a function from subsets of the base to closed sets. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 11-Apr-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (cls‘𝐽):𝒫 𝑋⟶(Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	ntropn 23057	The interior of a subset of a topology's underlying set is open. (Contributed by NM, 11-Sep-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆) ∈ 𝐽)
Theorem	clsval2 23058	Express closure in terms of interior. (Contributed by NM, 10-Sep-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = (𝑋 ∖ ((int‘𝐽)‘(𝑋 ∖ 𝑆))))
Theorem	ntrval2 23059	Interior expressed in terms of closure. (Contributed by NM, 1-Oct-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = (𝑋 ∖ ((cls‘𝐽)‘(𝑋 ∖ 𝑆))))
Theorem	ntrdif 23060	An interior of a complement is the complement of the closure. This set is also known as the exterior of 𝐴. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 31-Aug-2009.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((int‘𝐽)‘(𝑋 ∖ 𝐴)) = (𝑋 ∖ ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝐴)))
Theorem	clsdif 23061	A closure of a complement is the complement of the interior. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 31-Aug-2009.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((cls‘𝐽)‘(𝑋 ∖ 𝐴)) = (𝑋 ∖ ((int‘𝐽)‘𝐴)))
Theorem	clsss 23062	Subset relationship for closure. (Contributed by NM, 10-Feb-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑇 ⊆ 𝑆) → ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑇) ⊆ ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆))
Theorem	ntrss 23063	Subset relationship for interior. (Contributed by NM, 3-Oct-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑇 ⊆ 𝑆) → ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑇) ⊆ ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆))
Theorem	sscls 23064	A subset of a topology's underlying set is included in its closure. (Contributed by NM, 22-Feb-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → 𝑆 ⊆ ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆))
Theorem	ntrss2 23065	A subset includes its interior. (Contributed by NM, 3-Oct-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆) ⊆ 𝑆)
Theorem	ssntr 23066	An open subset of a set is a subset of the set's interior. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 31-Aug-2009.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) ∧ (𝑂 ∈ 𝐽 ∧ 𝑂 ⊆ 𝑆)) → 𝑂 ⊆ ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆))
Theorem	clsss3 23067	The closure of a subset of a topological space is included in the space. (Contributed by NM, 26-Feb-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) ⊆ 𝑋)
Theorem	ntrss3 23068	The interior of a subset of a topological space is included in the space. (Contributed by NM, 1-Oct-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆) ⊆ 𝑋)
Theorem	ntrin 23069	A pairwise intersection of interiors is the interior of the intersection. This does not always hold for arbitrary intersections. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 31-Aug-2009.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝑋 ∧ 𝐵 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((int‘𝐽)‘(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)) = (((int‘𝐽)‘𝐴) ∩ ((int‘𝐽)‘𝐵)))
Theorem	cmclsopn 23070	The complement of a closure is open. (Contributed by NM, 11-Sep-2006.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → (𝑋 ∖ ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆)) ∈ 𝐽)
Theorem	cmntrcld 23071	The complement of an interior is closed. (Contributed by NM, 1-Oct-2007.) (Proof shortened by OpenAI, 3-Jul-2020.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → (𝑋 ∖ ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆)) ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽))
Theorem	iscld3 23072	A subset is closed iff it equals its own closure. (Contributed by NM, 2-Oct-2006.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → (𝑆 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) ↔ ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = 𝑆))
Theorem	iscld4 23073	A subset is closed iff it contains its own closure. (Contributed by NM, 31-Jan-2008.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → (𝑆 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) ↔ ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) ⊆ 𝑆))
Theorem	isopn3 23074	A subset is open iff it equals its own interior. (Contributed by NM, 9-Oct-2006.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → (𝑆 ∈ 𝐽 ↔ ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = 𝑆))
Theorem	clsidm 23075	The closure operation is idempotent. (Contributed by NM, 2-Oct-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((cls‘𝐽)‘((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆)) = ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆))
Theorem	ntridm 23076	The interior operation is idempotent. (Contributed by NM, 2-Oct-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → ((int‘𝐽)‘((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆)) = ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆))
Theorem	clstop 23077	The closure of a topology's underlying set is the entire set. (Contributed by NM, 5-Oct-2007.) (Proof shortened by Jim Kingdon, 11-Mar-2023.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑋) = 𝑋)
Theorem	ntrtop 23078	The interior of a topology's underlying set is the entire set. (Contributed by NM, 12-Sep-2006.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑋) = 𝑋)
Theorem	0ntr 23079	A subset with an empty interior cannot cover a whole (nonempty) topology. (Contributed by NM, 12-Sep-2006.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑋 ≠ ∅) ∧ (𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋 ∧ ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = ∅)) → (𝑋 ∖ 𝑆) ≠ ∅)
Theorem	clsss2 23080	If a subset is included in a closed set, so is the subset's closure. (Contributed by NM, 22-Feb-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐶 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝐶) → ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) ⊆ 𝐶)
Theorem	elcls 23081*	Membership in a closure. Theorem 6.5(a) of [Munkres] p. 95. (Contributed by NM, 22-Feb-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑃 ∈ 𝑋) → (𝑃 ∈ ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐽 (𝑃 ∈ 𝑥 → (𝑥 ∩ 𝑆) ≠ ∅)))
Theorem	elcls2 23082*	Membership in a closure. (Contributed by NM, 5-Mar-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → (𝑃 ∈ ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) ↔ (𝑃 ∈ 𝑋 ∧ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐽 (𝑃 ∈ 𝑥 → (𝑥 ∩ 𝑆) ≠ ∅))))
Theorem	clsndisj 23083	Any open set containing a point that belongs to the closure of a subset intersects the subset. One direction of Theorem 6.5(a) of [Munkres] p. 95. (Contributed by NM, 26-Feb-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋 ∧ 𝑃 ∈ ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆)) ∧ (𝑈 ∈ 𝐽 ∧ 𝑃 ∈ 𝑈)) → (𝑈 ∩ 𝑆) ≠ ∅)
Theorem	ntrcls0 23084	A subset whose closure has an empty interior also has an empty interior. (Contributed by NM, 4-Oct-2007.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋 ∧ ((int‘𝐽)‘((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆)) = ∅) → ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = ∅)
Theorem	ntreq0 23085*	Two ways to say that a subset has an empty interior. (Contributed by NM, 3-Oct-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 11-Nov-2013.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋) → (((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = ∅ ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐽 (𝑥 ⊆ 𝑆 → 𝑥 = ∅)))
Theorem	cldmre 23086	The closed sets of a topology comprise a Moore system on the points of the topology. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 31-Jan-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (Clsd‘𝐽) ∈ (Moore‘𝑋))
Theorem	mrccls 23087	Moore closure generalizes closure in a topology. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 31-Jan-2015.)
⊢ 𝐹 = (mrCls‘(Clsd‘𝐽))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (cls‘𝐽) = 𝐹)
Theorem	cls0 23088	The closure of the empty set. (Contributed by NM, 2-Oct-2007.) (Proof shortened by Jim Kingdon, 12-Mar-2023.)
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → ((cls‘𝐽)‘∅) = ∅)
Theorem	ntr0 23089	The interior of the empty set. (Contributed by NM, 2-Oct-2007.)
⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → ((int‘𝐽)‘∅) = ∅)
Theorem	isopn3i 23090	An open subset equals its own interior. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 30-Dec-2016.)
⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝑆 ∈ 𝐽) → ((int‘𝐽)‘𝑆) = 𝑆)
Theorem	elcls3 23091*	Membership in a closure in terms of the members of a basis. Theorem 6.5(b) of [Munkres] p. 95. (Contributed by NM, 26-Feb-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 3-Sep-2015.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐽 = (topGen‘𝐵))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐵 ∈ TopBases)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 ⊆ 𝑋)    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑃 ∈ 𝑋)    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑃 ∈ ((cls‘𝐽)‘𝑆) ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐵 (𝑃 ∈ 𝑥 → (𝑥 ∩ 𝑆) ≠ ∅)))
Theorem	opncldf1 23092*	A bijection useful for converting statements about open sets to statements about closed sets and vice versa. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 27-Aug-2009.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 1-Sep-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑢 ∈ 𝐽 ↦ (𝑋 ∖ 𝑢))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐽 ∈ Top → (𝐹:𝐽–1-1-onto→(Clsd‘𝐽) ∧ ◡𝐹 = (𝑥 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) ↦ (𝑋 ∖ 𝑥))))
Theorem	opncldf2 23093*	The values of the open-closed bijection. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 27-Aug-2009.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 1-Sep-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑢 ∈ 𝐽 ↦ (𝑋 ∖ 𝑢))    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ∈ 𝐽) → (𝐹‘𝐴) = (𝑋 ∖ 𝐴))
Theorem	opncldf3 23094*	The values of the converse/inverse of the open-closed bijection. (Contributed by Jeff Hankins, 27-Aug-2009.) (Proof shortened by Mario Carneiro, 1-Sep-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    &   ⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑢 ∈ 𝐽 ↦ (𝑋 ∖ 𝑢))    ⇒   ⊢ (𝐵 ∈ (Clsd‘𝐽) → (◡𝐹‘𝐵) = (𝑋 ∖ 𝐵))
Theorem	isclo 23095*	A set 𝐴 is clopen iff for every point 𝑥 in the space there is a neighborhood 𝑦 such that all the points in 𝑦 are in 𝐴 iff 𝑥 is. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 10-Mar-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝑋) → (𝐴 ∈ (𝐽 ∩ (Clsd‘𝐽)) ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∃𝑦 ∈ 𝐽 (𝑥 ∈ 𝑦 ∧ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝑦 (𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ↔ 𝑧 ∈ 𝐴))))
Theorem	isclo2 23096*	A set 𝐴 is clopen iff for every point 𝑥 in the space there is a neighborhood 𝑦 of 𝑥 which is either disjoint from 𝐴 or contained in 𝐴. (Contributed by Mario Carneiro, 7-Jul-2015.)
⊢ 𝑋 = ∪ 𝐽    ⇒   ⊢ ((𝐽 ∈ Top ∧ 𝐴 ⊆ 𝑋) → (𝐴 ∈ (𝐽 ∩ (Clsd‘𝐽)) ↔ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 ∃𝑦 ∈ 𝐽 (𝑥 ∈ 𝑦 ∧ ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝑦 (𝑧 ∈ 𝐴 → 𝑦 ⊆ 𝐴))))
Theorem	discld 23097	The open sets of a discrete topology are closed and its closed sets are open. (Contributed by FL, 7-Jun-2007.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 7-Apr-2015.)
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → (Clsd‘𝒫 𝐴) = 𝒫 𝐴)
Theorem	sn0cld 23098	The closed sets of the topology {∅}. (Contributed by FL, 5-Jan-2009.)
⊢ (Clsd‘{∅}) = {∅}
Theorem	indiscld 23099	The closed sets of an indiscrete topology. (Contributed by FL, 5-Jan-2009.) (Revised by Mario Carneiro, 14-Aug-2015.)
⊢ (Clsd‘{∅, 𝐴}) = {∅, 𝐴}
Theorem	mretopd 23100*	A Moore collection which is closed under finite unions called topological; such a collection is the closed sets of a canonically associated topology. (Contributed by Stefan O'Rear, 1-Feb-2015.)
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑀 ∈ (Moore‘𝐵))    &   ⊢ (𝜑 → ∅ ∈ 𝑀)    &   ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑀 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑀) → (𝑥 ∪ 𝑦) ∈ 𝑀)    &   ⊢ 𝐽 = {𝑧 ∈ 𝒫 𝐵 ∣ (𝐵 ∖ 𝑧) ∈ 𝑀}    ⇒   ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐽 ∈ (TopOn‘𝐵) ∧ 𝑀 = (Clsd‘𝐽)))