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Type | Label | Description |
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Statement | ||
Theorem | elcnvlem 40301 | Two ways to say a set is a member of the converse of a class. (Contributed by RP, 19-Aug-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐹 = (𝑥 ∈ (V × V) ↦ 〈(2nd ‘𝑥), (1st ‘𝑥)〉) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ◡𝐵 ↔ (𝐴 ∈ (V × V) ∧ (𝐹‘𝐴) ∈ 𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | elcnvintab 40302* | Two ways of saying a set is an element of the converse of the intersection of a class. (Contributed by RP, 19-Aug-2020.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ◡∩ {𝑥 ∣ 𝜑} ↔ (𝐴 ∈ (V × V) ∧ ∀𝑥(𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ◡𝑥))) | ||
Theorem | cnvintabd 40303* | Value of the converse of the intersection of a nonempty class. (Contributed by RP, 20-Aug-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → ∃𝑥𝜓) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ◡∩ {𝑥 ∣ 𝜓} = ∩ {𝑤 ∈ 𝒫 (V × V) ∣ ∃𝑥(𝑤 = ◡𝑥 ∧ 𝜓)}) | ||
Theorem | undmrnresiss 40304* | Two ways of saying the identity relation restricted to the union of the domain and range of a relation is a subset of a relation. Generalization of reflexg 40305. (Contributed by RP, 26-Sep-2020.) |
⊢ (( I ↾ (dom 𝐴 ∪ ran 𝐴)) ⊆ 𝐵 ↔ ∀𝑥∀𝑦(𝑥𝐴𝑦 → (𝑥𝐵𝑥 ∧ 𝑦𝐵𝑦))) | ||
Theorem | reflexg 40305* | Two ways of saying a relation is reflexive over its domain and range. (Contributed by RP, 4-Aug-2020.) |
⊢ (( I ↾ (dom 𝐴 ∪ ran 𝐴)) ⊆ 𝐴 ↔ ∀𝑥∀𝑦(𝑥𝐴𝑦 → (𝑥𝐴𝑥 ∧ 𝑦𝐴𝑦))) | ||
Theorem | cnvssco 40306* | A condition weaker than reflexivity. (Contributed by RP, 3-Aug-2020.) |
⊢ (◡𝐴 ⊆ ◡(𝐵 ∘ 𝐶) ↔ ∀𝑥∀𝑦∃𝑧(𝑥𝐴𝑦 → (𝑥𝐶𝑧 ∧ 𝑧𝐵𝑦))) | ||
Theorem | refimssco 40307 | Reflexive relations are subsets of their self-composition. (Contributed by RP, 4-Aug-2020.) |
⊢ (( I ↾ (dom 𝐴 ∪ ran 𝐴)) ⊆ 𝐴 → ◡𝐴 ⊆ ◡(𝐴 ∘ 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | cleq2lem 40308 | Equality implies bijection. (Contributed by RP, 24-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝐴 = 𝐵 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝐴 = 𝐵 → ((𝑅 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ 𝜑) ↔ (𝑅 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ 𝜓))) | ||
Theorem | cbvcllem 40309* | Change of bound variable in class of supersets of a with a property. (Contributed by RP, 24-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑦 → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ 𝜑)} = {𝑦 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ 𝜓)} | ||
Theorem | clublem 40310* | If a superset 𝑌 of 𝑋 possesses the property parameterized in 𝑥 in 𝜓, then 𝑌 is a superset of the closure of that property for the set 𝑋. (Contributed by RP, 23-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝑌 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜒)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ⊆ 𝑌) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝜒) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ 𝜓)} ⊆ 𝑌) | ||
Theorem | clss2lem 40311* | The closure of a property is a superset of the closure of a less restrictive property. (Contributed by RP, 24-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝜒 → 𝜓)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ 𝜓)} ⊆ ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ 𝜒)}) | ||
Theorem | dfid7 40312* | Definition of identity relation as the trivial closure. (Contributed by RP, 26-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ I = (𝑥 ∈ V ↦ ∩ {𝑦 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ ⊤)}) | ||
Theorem | mptrcllem 40313* | Show two versions of a closure with reflexive properties are equal. (Contributed by RP, 19-Oct-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉 → ∩ {𝑦 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ (𝜑 ∧ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑦 ∪ ran 𝑦)) ⊆ 𝑦))} ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉 → ∩ {𝑧 ∣ ((𝑥 ∪ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑥 ∪ ran 𝑥))) ⊆ 𝑧 ∧ 𝜓)} ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝜒) & ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝜃) & ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉 → 𝜏) & ⊢ (𝑦 = ∩ {𝑧 ∣ ((𝑥 ∪ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑥 ∪ ran 𝑥))) ⊆ 𝑧 ∧ 𝜓)} → (𝜑 ↔ 𝜒)) & ⊢ (𝑦 = ∩ {𝑧 ∣ ((𝑥 ∪ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑥 ∪ ran 𝑥))) ⊆ 𝑧 ∧ 𝜓)} → (( I ↾ (dom 𝑦 ∪ ran 𝑦)) ⊆ 𝑦 ↔ 𝜃)) & ⊢ (𝑧 = ∩ {𝑦 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ (𝜑 ∧ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑦 ∪ ran 𝑦)) ⊆ 𝑦))} → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜏)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉 ↦ ∩ {𝑦 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ (𝜑 ∧ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑦 ∪ ran 𝑦)) ⊆ 𝑦))}) = (𝑥 ∈ 𝑉 ↦ ∩ {𝑧 ∣ ((𝑥 ∪ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑥 ∪ ran 𝑥))) ⊆ 𝑧 ∧ 𝜓)}) | ||
Theorem | cotrintab 40314 | The intersection of a class is a transitive relation if membership in the class implies the member is a transitive relation. (Contributed by RP, 28-Oct-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑥 ∘ 𝑥) ⊆ 𝑥) ⇒ ⊢ (∩ {𝑥 ∣ 𝜑} ∘ ∩ {𝑥 ∣ 𝜑}) ⊆ ∩ {𝑥 ∣ 𝜑} | ||
Theorem | rclexi 40315* | The reflexive closure of a set exists. (Contributed by RP, 27-Oct-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ⇒ ⊢ ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝐴 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑥 ∪ ran 𝑥)) ⊆ 𝑥)} ∈ V | ||
Theorem | rtrclexlem 40316 | Existence of relation implies existence of union with Cartesian product of domain and range. (Contributed by RP, 1-Nov-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑅 ∪ ((dom 𝑅 ∪ ran 𝑅) × (dom 𝑅 ∪ ran 𝑅))) ∈ V) | ||
Theorem | rtrclex 40317* | The reflexive-transitive closure of a set exists. (Contributed by RP, 1-Nov-2020.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ V ↔ ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝐴 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ ((𝑥 ∘ 𝑥) ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑥 ∪ ran 𝑥)) ⊆ 𝑥))} ∈ V) | ||
Theorem | trclubgNEW 40318* | If a relation exists then the transitive closure has an upper bound. (Contributed by RP, 24-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑅 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ (𝑥 ∘ 𝑥) ⊆ 𝑥)} ⊆ (𝑅 ∪ (dom 𝑅 × ran 𝑅))) | ||
Theorem | trclubNEW 40319* | If a relation exists then the transitive closure has an upper bound. (Contributed by RP, 24-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Rel 𝑅) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑅 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ (𝑥 ∘ 𝑥) ⊆ 𝑥)} ⊆ (dom 𝑅 × ran 𝑅)) | ||
Theorem | trclexi 40320* | The transitive closure of a set exists. (Contributed by RP, 27-Oct-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ⇒ ⊢ ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝐴 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ (𝑥 ∘ 𝑥) ⊆ 𝑥)} ∈ V | ||
Theorem | rtrclexi 40321* | The reflexive-transitive closure of a set exists. (Contributed by RP, 27-Oct-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 ⇒ ⊢ ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝐴 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ ((𝑥 ∘ 𝑥) ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑥 ∪ ran 𝑥)) ⊆ 𝑥))} ∈ V | ||
Theorem | clrellem 40322* | When the property 𝜓 holds for a relation substituted for 𝑥, then the closure on that property is a relation if the base set is a relation. (Contributed by RP, 30-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑌 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Rel 𝑋) & ⊢ (𝑥 = ◡◡𝑌 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜒)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ⊆ 𝑌) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝜒) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → Rel ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ 𝜓)}) | ||
Theorem | clcnvlem 40323* | When 𝐴, an upper bound of the closure, exists and certain substitutions hold the converse of the closure is equal to the closure of the converse. (Contributed by RP, 18-Oct-2020.) |
⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 = (◡𝑦 ∪ (𝑋 ∖ ◡◡𝑋))) → (𝜒 → 𝜓)) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑦 = ◡𝑥) → (𝜓 → 𝜒)) & ⊢ (𝑥 = 𝐴 → (𝜓 ↔ 𝜃)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ⊆ 𝐴) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝜃) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ◡∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ 𝜓)} = ∩ {𝑦 ∣ (◡𝑋 ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ 𝜒)}) | ||
Theorem | cnvtrucl0 40324* | The converse of the trivial closure is equal to the closure of the converse. (Contributed by RP, 18-Oct-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 → ◡∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ ⊤)} = ∩ {𝑦 ∣ (◡𝑋 ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ ⊤)}) | ||
Theorem | cnvrcl0 40325* | The converse of the reflexive closure is equal to the closure of the converse. (Contributed by RP, 18-Oct-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 → ◡∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑥 ∪ ran 𝑥)) ⊆ 𝑥)} = ∩ {𝑦 ∣ (◡𝑋 ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑦 ∪ ran 𝑦)) ⊆ 𝑦)}) | ||
Theorem | cnvtrcl0 40326* | The converse of the transitive closure is equal to the closure of the converse. (Contributed by RP, 18-Oct-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 → ◡∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ (𝑥 ∘ 𝑥) ⊆ 𝑥)} = ∩ {𝑦 ∣ (◡𝑋 ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ (𝑦 ∘ 𝑦) ⊆ 𝑦)}) | ||
Theorem | dmtrcl 40327* | The domain of the transitive closure is equal to the domain of its base relation. (Contributed by RP, 1-Nov-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 → dom ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ (𝑥 ∘ 𝑥) ⊆ 𝑥)} = dom 𝑋) | ||
Theorem | rntrcl 40328* | The range of the transitive closure is equal to the range of its base relation. (Contributed by RP, 1-Nov-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑋 ∈ 𝑉 → ran ∩ {𝑥 ∣ (𝑋 ⊆ 𝑥 ∧ (𝑥 ∘ 𝑥) ⊆ 𝑥)} = ran 𝑋) | ||
Theorem | dfrtrcl5 40329* | Definition of reflexive-transitive closure as a standard closure. (Contributed by RP, 1-Nov-2020.) |
⊢ t* = (𝑥 ∈ V ↦ ∩ {𝑦 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ (( I ↾ (dom 𝑦 ∪ ran 𝑦)) ⊆ 𝑦 ∧ (𝑦 ∘ 𝑦) ⊆ 𝑦))}) | ||
Theorem | trcleq2lemRP 40330 | Equality implies bijection. (Contributed by RP, 5-May-2020.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) |
⊢ (𝐴 = 𝐵 → ((𝑅 ⊆ 𝐴 ∧ (𝐴 ∘ 𝐴) ⊆ 𝐴) ↔ (𝑅 ⊆ 𝐵 ∧ (𝐵 ∘ 𝐵) ⊆ 𝐵))) | ||
This is based on the observation that the real and imaginary parts of a complex number can be calculated from the number's absolute and real part and the sign of its imaginary part. Formalization of the formula in sqrtcval 40341 was motivated by a short Michael Penn video. | ||
Theorem | sqrtcvallem1 40331 | Two ways of saying a complex number does not lie on the positive real axis. Lemma for sqrtcval 40341. (Contributed by RP, 17-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐴 ∈ ℂ) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (((ℑ‘𝐴) = 0 → (ℜ‘𝐴) ≤ 0) ↔ ¬ 𝐴 ∈ ℝ+)) | ||
Theorem | reabsifneg 40332 | Alternate expression for the absolute value of a real number. Lemma for sqrtcval 40341. (Contributed by RP, 11-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ → (abs‘𝐴) = if(𝐴 < 0, -𝐴, 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | reabsifnpos 40333 | Alternate expression for the absolute value of a real number. (Contributed by RP, 11-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ → (abs‘𝐴) = if(𝐴 ≤ 0, -𝐴, 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | reabsifpos 40334 | Alternate expression for the absolute value of a real number. (Contributed by RP, 11-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ → (abs‘𝐴) = if(0 < 𝐴, 𝐴, -𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | reabsifnneg 40335 | Alternate expression for the absolute value of a real number. (Contributed by RP, 11-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ → (abs‘𝐴) = if(0 ≤ 𝐴, 𝐴, -𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | reabssgn 40336 | Alternate expression for the absolute value of a real number. (Contributed by RP, 22-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℝ → (abs‘𝐴) = ((sgn‘𝐴) · 𝐴)) | ||
Theorem | sqrtcvallem2 40337 | Equivalent to saying that the square of the imaginary component of the square root of a complex number is a non-negative real number. Lemma for sqrtcval 40341. See imsqrtval 40344. (Contributed by RP, 11-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ (((abs‘𝐴) − (ℜ‘𝐴)) / 2)) | ||
Theorem | sqrtcvallem3 40338 | Equivalent to saying that the absolute value of the imaginary component of the square root of a complex number is a real number. Lemma for sqrtcval 40341, sqrtcval2 40342, resqrtval 40343, and imsqrtval 40344. (Contributed by RP, 11-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (√‘(((abs‘𝐴) − (ℜ‘𝐴)) / 2)) ∈ ℝ) | ||
Theorem | sqrtcvallem4 40339 | Equivalent to saying that the square of the real component of the square root of a complex number is a non-negative real number. Lemma for sqrtcval 40341. See resqrtval 40343. (Contributed by RP, 11-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → 0 ≤ (((abs‘𝐴) + (ℜ‘𝐴)) / 2)) | ||
Theorem | sqrtcvallem5 40340 | Equivalent to saying that the real component of the square root of a complex number is a real number. Lemma for resqrtval 40343 and imsqrtval 40344. (Contributed by RP, 11-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (√‘(((abs‘𝐴) + (ℜ‘𝐴)) / 2)) ∈ ℝ) | ||
Theorem | sqrtcval 40341 | Explicit formula for the complex square root in terms of the square root of non-negative reals. The right-hand side is decomposed into real and imaginary parts in the format expected by crrei 14543 and crimi 14544. This formula can be found in section 3.7.27 of Handbook of Mathematical Functions, ed. M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun (1965, Dover Press). (Contributed by RP, 18-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (√‘𝐴) = ((√‘(((abs‘𝐴) + (ℜ‘𝐴)) / 2)) + (i · (if((ℑ‘𝐴) < 0, -1, 1) · (√‘(((abs‘𝐴) − (ℜ‘𝐴)) / 2)))))) | ||
Theorem | sqrtcval2 40342 | Explicit formula for the complex square root in terms of the square root of non-negative reals. The right side is slightly more compact than sqrtcval 40341. (Contributed by RP, 18-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (√‘𝐴) = ((√‘(((abs‘𝐴) + (ℜ‘𝐴)) / 2)) + (if((ℑ‘𝐴) < 0, -i, i) · (√‘(((abs‘𝐴) − (ℜ‘𝐴)) / 2))))) | ||
Theorem | resqrtval 40343 | Real part of the complex square root. (Contributed by RP, 18-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (ℜ‘(√‘𝐴)) = (√‘(((abs‘𝐴) + (ℜ‘𝐴)) / 2))) | ||
Theorem | imsqrtval 40344 | Imaginary part of the complex square root. (Contributed by RP, 18-May-2024.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ ℂ → (ℑ‘(√‘𝐴)) = (if((ℑ‘𝐴) < 0, -1, 1) · (√‘(((abs‘𝐴) − (ℜ‘𝐴)) / 2)))) | ||
Theorem | resqrtvalex 40345 | Example for resqrtval 40343. (Contributed by RP, 21-May-2024.) |
⊢ (ℜ‘(√‘(;15 + (i · 8)))) = 4 | ||
Theorem | imsqrtvalex 40346 | Example for imsqrtval 40344. (Contributed by RP, 21-May-2024.) |
⊢ (ℑ‘(√‘(;15 + (i · 8)))) = 1 | ||
Theorem | al3im 40347 | Version of ax-4 1811 for a nested implication. (Contributed by RP, 13-Apr-2020.) |
⊢ (∀𝑥(𝜑 → (𝜓 → (𝜒 → 𝜃))) → (∀𝑥𝜑 → (∀𝑥𝜓 → (∀𝑥𝜒 → ∀𝑥𝜃)))) | ||
Theorem | intima0 40348* | Two ways of expressing the intersection of images of a class. (Contributed by RP, 13-Apr-2020.) |
⊢ ∩ 𝑎 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑎 “ 𝐵) = ∩ {𝑥 ∣ ∃𝑎 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = (𝑎 “ 𝐵)} | ||
Theorem | elimaint 40349* | Element of image of intersection. (Contributed by RP, 13-Apr-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑦 ∈ (∩ 𝐴 “ 𝐵) ↔ ∃𝑏 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑎 ∈ 𝐴 〈𝑏, 𝑦〉 ∈ 𝑎) | ||
Theorem | csbcog 40350 | Distribute proper substitution through a composition of relations. (Contributed by RP, 28-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ (𝐴 ∈ 𝑉 → ⦋𝐴 / 𝑥⦌(𝐵 ∘ 𝐶) = (⦋𝐴 / 𝑥⦌𝐵 ∘ ⦋𝐴 / 𝑥⦌𝐶)) | ||
Theorem | cnviun 40351* | Converse of indexed union. (Contributed by RP, 20-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ ◡∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 = ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ◡𝐵 | ||
Theorem | imaiun1 40352* | The image of an indexed union is the indexed union of the images. (Contributed by RP, 29-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ (∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 “ 𝐶) = ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 (𝐵 “ 𝐶) | ||
Theorem | coiun1 40353* | Composition with an indexed union. Proof analgous to that of coiun 6076. (Contributed by RP, 20-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ (∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐶 𝐴 ∘ 𝐵) = ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐶 (𝐴 ∘ 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | elintima 40354* | Element of intersection of images. (Contributed by RP, 13-Apr-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑦 ∈ ∩ {𝑥 ∣ ∃𝑎 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = (𝑎 “ 𝐵)} ↔ ∀𝑎 ∈ 𝐴 ∃𝑏 ∈ 𝐵 〈𝑏, 𝑦〉 ∈ 𝑎) | ||
Theorem | intimass 40355* | The image under the intersection of relations is a subset of the intersection of the images. (Contributed by RP, 13-Apr-2020.) |
⊢ (∩ 𝐴 “ 𝐵) ⊆ ∩ {𝑥 ∣ ∃𝑎 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = (𝑎 “ 𝐵)} | ||
Theorem | intimass2 40356* | The image under the intersection of relations is a subset of the intersection of the images. (Contributed by RP, 13-Apr-2020.) |
⊢ (∩ 𝐴 “ 𝐵) ⊆ ∩ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑥 “ 𝐵) | ||
Theorem | intimag 40357* | Requirement for the image under the intersection of relations to equal the intersection of the images of those relations. (Contributed by RP, 13-Apr-2020.) |
⊢ (∀𝑦(∀𝑎 ∈ 𝐴 ∃𝑏 ∈ 𝐵 〈𝑏, 𝑦〉 ∈ 𝑎 → ∃𝑏 ∈ 𝐵 ∀𝑎 ∈ 𝐴 〈𝑏, 𝑦〉 ∈ 𝑎) → (∩ 𝐴 “ 𝐵) = ∩ {𝑥 ∣ ∃𝑎 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = (𝑎 “ 𝐵)}) | ||
Theorem | intimasn 40358* | Two ways to express the image of a singleton when the relation is an intersection. (Contributed by RP, 13-Apr-2020.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (∩ 𝐴 “ {𝐵}) = ∩ {𝑥 ∣ ∃𝑎 ∈ 𝐴 𝑥 = (𝑎 “ {𝐵})}) | ||
Theorem | intimasn2 40359* | Two ways to express the image of a singleton when the relation is an intersection. (Contributed by RP, 13-Apr-2020.) |
⊢ (𝐵 ∈ 𝑉 → (∩ 𝐴 “ {𝐵}) = ∩ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑥 “ {𝐵})) | ||
Theorem | ss2iundf 40360* | Subclass theorem for indexed union. (Contributed by RP, 17-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝑌 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝐴 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝐵 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝐶 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝐶 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝐷 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝐺 & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐶) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 = 𝑌) → 𝐷 = 𝐺) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐺) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ⊆ ∪ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶 𝐷) | ||
Theorem | ss2iundv 40361* | Subclass theorem for indexed union. (Contributed by RP, 17-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐶) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 = 𝑌) → 𝐷 = 𝐺) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐺) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 ⊆ ∪ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶 𝐷) | ||
Theorem | cbviuneq12df 40362* | Rule used to change the bound variables and classes in an indexed union, with the substitution specified implicitly by the hypothesis. (Contributed by RP, 17-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝜑 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝑋 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝑌 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝐴 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝐴 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝐵 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝐶 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝐶 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝐷 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑥𝐹 & ⊢ Ⅎ𝑦𝐺 & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶) → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐶) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶 ∧ 𝑥 = 𝑋) → 𝐵 = 𝐹) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 = 𝑌) → 𝐷 = 𝐺) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝐵 = 𝐺) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶) → 𝐷 = 𝐹) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 = ∪ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶 𝐷) | ||
Theorem | cbviuneq12dv 40363* | Rule used to change the bound variables and classes in an indexed union, with the substitution specified implicitly by the hypothesis. (Contributed by RP, 17-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶) → 𝑋 ∈ 𝐴) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝑌 ∈ 𝐶) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶 ∧ 𝑥 = 𝑋) → 𝐵 = 𝐹) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∧ 𝑦 = 𝑌) → 𝐷 = 𝐺) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴) → 𝐵 = 𝐺) & ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶) → 𝐷 = 𝐹) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ∪ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 𝐵 = ∪ 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶 𝐷) | ||
Theorem | conrel1d 40364 | Deduction about composition with a class with no relational content. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → ◡𝐴 = ∅) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴 ∘ 𝐵) = ∅) | ||
Theorem | conrel2d 40365 | Deduction about composition with a class with no relational content. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → ◡𝐴 = ∅) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐵 ∘ 𝐴) = ∅) | ||
Theorem | trrelind 40366 | The intersection of transitive relations is a transitive relation. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑅 ∘ 𝑅) ⊆ 𝑅) & ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑆 ∘ 𝑆) ⊆ 𝑆) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑇 = (𝑅 ∩ 𝑆)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑇 ∘ 𝑇) ⊆ 𝑇) | ||
Theorem | xpintrreld 40367 | The intersection of a transitive relation with a cross product is a transitve relation. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑅 ∘ 𝑅) ⊆ 𝑅) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 = (𝑅 ∩ (𝐴 × 𝐵))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑆 ∘ 𝑆) ⊆ 𝑆) | ||
Theorem | restrreld 40368 | The restriction of a transitive relation is a transitive relation. (Contributed by RP, 24-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑅 ∘ 𝑅) ⊆ 𝑅) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 = (𝑅 ↾ 𝐴)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑆 ∘ 𝑆) ⊆ 𝑆) | ||
Theorem | trrelsuperreldg 40369 | Concrete construction of a superclass of relation 𝑅 which is a transitive relation. (Contributed by RP, 25-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → Rel 𝑅) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 = (dom 𝑅 × ran 𝑅)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑅 ⊆ 𝑆 ∧ (𝑆 ∘ 𝑆) ⊆ 𝑆)) | ||
Theorem | trficl 40370* | The class of all transitive relations has the finite intersection property. (Contributed by RP, 1-Jan-2020.) (Proof shortened by RP, 3-Jan-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐴 = {𝑧 ∣ (𝑧 ∘ 𝑧) ⊆ 𝑧} ⇒ ⊢ ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 ∀𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 (𝑥 ∩ 𝑦) ∈ 𝐴 | ||
Theorem | cnvtrrel 40371 | The converse of a transitive relation is a transitive relation. (Contributed by RP, 25-Dec-2019.) |
⊢ ((𝑆 ∘ 𝑆) ⊆ 𝑆 ↔ (◡𝑆 ∘ ◡𝑆) ⊆ ◡𝑆) | ||
Theorem | trrelsuperrel2dg 40372 | Concrete construction of a superclass of relation 𝑅 which is a transitive relation. (Contributed by RP, 20-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑆 = (𝑅 ∪ (dom 𝑅 × ran 𝑅))) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝑅 ⊆ 𝑆 ∧ (𝑆 ∘ 𝑆) ⊆ 𝑆)) | ||
Syntax | crcl 40373 | Extend class notation with reflexive closure. |
class r* | ||
Definition | df-rcl 40374* | Reflexive closure of a relation. This is the smallest superset which has the reflexive property. (Contributed by RP, 5-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ r* = (𝑥 ∈ V ↦ ∩ {𝑧 ∣ (𝑥 ⊆ 𝑧 ∧ ( I ↾ (dom 𝑧 ∪ ran 𝑧)) ⊆ 𝑧)}) | ||
Theorem | dfrcl2 40375 | Reflexive closure of a relation as union with restricted identity relation. (Contributed by RP, 6-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ r* = (𝑥 ∈ V ↦ (( I ↾ (dom 𝑥 ∪ ran 𝑥)) ∪ 𝑥)) | ||
Theorem | dfrcl3 40376 | Reflexive closure of a relation as union of powers of the relation. (Contributed by RP, 6-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ r* = (𝑥 ∈ V ↦ ((𝑥↑𝑟0) ∪ (𝑥↑𝑟1))) | ||
Theorem | dfrcl4 40377* | Reflexive closure of a relation as indexed union of powers of the relation. (Contributed by RP, 8-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ r* = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ {0, 1} (𝑟↑𝑟𝑛)) | ||
In order for theorems on the transitive closure of a relation to be grouped together before the concept of continuity, we really need an analogue of ↑𝑟 that works on finite ordinals or finite sets instead of natural numbers. | ||
Theorem | relexp2 40378 | A set operated on by the relation exponent to the second power is equal to the composition of the set with itself. (Contributed by RP, 1-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ (𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑅↑𝑟2) = (𝑅 ∘ 𝑅)) | ||
Theorem | relexpnul 40379 | If the domain and range of powers of a relation are disjoint then the relation raised to the sum of those exponents is empty. (Contributed by RP, 1-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ (((𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 ∧ Rel 𝑅) ∧ (𝑁 ∈ ℕ0 ∧ 𝑀 ∈ ℕ0)) → ((dom (𝑅↑𝑟𝑁) ∩ ran (𝑅↑𝑟𝑀)) = ∅ ↔ (𝑅↑𝑟(𝑁 + 𝑀)) = ∅)) | ||
Theorem | eliunov2 40380* | Membership in the indexed union over operator values where the index varies the second input is equivalent to the existence of at least one index such that the element is a member of that operator value. Generalized from dfrtrclrec2 14409. (Contributed by RP, 1-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 (𝑟 ↑ 𝑛)) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑅 ∈ 𝑈 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑋 ∈ (𝐶‘𝑅) ↔ ∃𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 𝑋 ∈ (𝑅 ↑ 𝑛))) | ||
Theorem | eltrclrec 40381* | Membership in the indexed union of relation exponentiation over the natural numbers is equivalent to the existence of at least one number such that the element is a member of that relationship power. (Contributed by RP, 2-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ (𝑟↑𝑟𝑛)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑋 ∈ (𝐶‘𝑅) ↔ ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ 𝑋 ∈ (𝑅↑𝑟𝑛))) | ||
Theorem | elrtrclrec 40382* | Membership in the indexed union of relation exponentiation over the natural numbers (including zero) is equivalent to the existence of at least one number such that the element is a member of that relationship power. (Contributed by RP, 2-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 (𝑟↑𝑟𝑛)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑋 ∈ (𝐶‘𝑅) ↔ ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 𝑋 ∈ (𝑅↑𝑟𝑛))) | ||
Theorem | briunov2 40383* | Two classes related by the indexed union over operator values where the index varies the second input is equivalent to the existence of at least one index such that the two classes are related by that operator value. (Contributed by RP, 1-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 (𝑟 ↑ 𝑛)) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑅 ∈ 𝑈 ∧ 𝑁 ∈ 𝑉) → (𝑋(𝐶‘𝑅)𝑌 ↔ ∃𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 𝑋(𝑅 ↑ 𝑛)𝑌)) | ||
Theorem | brmptiunrelexpd 40384* | If two elements are connected by an indexed union of relational powers, then they are connected via 𝑛 instances the relation, for some 𝑛. Generalization of dfrtrclrec2 14409. (Contributed by RP, 21-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 (𝑟↑𝑟𝑛)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ⊆ ℕ0) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴(𝐶‘𝑅)𝐵 ↔ ∃𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 𝐴(𝑅↑𝑟𝑛)𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | fvmptiunrelexplb0d 40385* | If the indexed union ranges over the zeroth power of the relation, then a restriction of the identity relation is a subset of the appliction of the function to the relation. (Contributed by RP, 22-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 (𝑟↑𝑟𝑛)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 ∈ 𝑁) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ( I ↾ (dom 𝑅 ∪ ran 𝑅)) ⊆ (𝐶‘𝑅)) | ||
Theorem | fvmptiunrelexplb0da 40386* | If the indexed union ranges over the zeroth power of the relation, then a restriction of the identity relation is a subset of the appliction of the function to the relation. (Contributed by RP, 22-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 (𝑟↑𝑟𝑛)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → Rel 𝑅) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 0 ∈ 𝑁) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ( I ↾ ∪ ∪ 𝑅) ⊆ (𝐶‘𝑅)) | ||
Theorem | fvmptiunrelexplb1d 40387* | If the indexed union ranges over the first power of the relation, then the relation is a subset of the appliction of the function to the relation. (Contributed by RP, 22-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 (𝑟↑𝑟𝑛)) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑁 ∈ V) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 1 ∈ 𝑁) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ⊆ (𝐶‘𝑅)) | ||
Theorem | brfvid 40388 | If two elements are connected by a value of the identity relation, then they are connected via the argument. (Contributed by RP, 21-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴( I ‘𝑅)𝐵 ↔ 𝐴𝑅𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | brfvidRP 40389 | If two elements are connected by a value of the identity relation, then they are connected via the argument. This is an example which uses brmptiunrelexpd 40384. (Contributed by RP, 21-Jul-2020.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴( I ‘𝑅)𝐵 ↔ 𝐴𝑅𝐵)) | ||
Theorem | fvilbd 40390 | A set is a subset of its image under the identity relation. (Contributed by RP, 22-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ⊆ ( I ‘𝑅)) | ||
Theorem | fvilbdRP 40391 | A set is a subset of its image under the identity relation. (Contributed by RP, 22-Jul-2020.) (Proof modification is discouraged.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ⊆ ( I ‘𝑅)) | ||
Theorem | brfvrcld 40392 | If two elements are connected by the reflexive closure of a relation, then they are connected via zero or one instances the relation. (Contributed by RP, 21-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴(r*‘𝑅)𝐵 ↔ (𝐴(𝑅↑𝑟0)𝐵 ∨ 𝐴(𝑅↑𝑟1)𝐵))) | ||
Theorem | brfvrcld2 40393 | If two elements are connected by the reflexive closure of a relation, then they are equal or related by relation. (Contributed by RP, 21-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐴(r*‘𝑅)𝐵 ↔ ((𝐴 ∈ (dom 𝑅 ∪ ran 𝑅) ∧ 𝐵 ∈ (dom 𝑅 ∪ ran 𝑅) ∧ 𝐴 = 𝐵) ∨ 𝐴𝑅𝐵))) | ||
Theorem | fvrcllb0d 40394 | A restriction of the identity relation is a subset of the reflexive closure of a set. (Contributed by RP, 22-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ( I ↾ (dom 𝑅 ∪ ran 𝑅)) ⊆ (r*‘𝑅)) | ||
Theorem | fvrcllb0da 40395 | A restriction of the identity relation is a subset of the reflexive closure of a relation. (Contributed by RP, 22-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → Rel 𝑅) & ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → ( I ↾ ∪ ∪ 𝑅) ⊆ (r*‘𝑅)) | ||
Theorem | fvrcllb1d 40396 | A set is a subset of its image under the reflexive closure. (Contributed by RP, 22-Jul-2020.) |
⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ∈ V) ⇒ ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑅 ⊆ (r*‘𝑅)) | ||
Theorem | brtrclrec 40397* | Two classes related by the indexed union of relation exponentiation over the natural numbers is equivalent to the existence of at least one number such that the two classes are related by that relationship power. (Contributed by RP, 2-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ (𝑟↑𝑟𝑛)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑋(𝐶‘𝑅)𝑌 ↔ ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ 𝑋(𝑅↑𝑟𝑛)𝑌)) | ||
Theorem | brrtrclrec 40398* | Two classes related by the indexed union of relation exponentiation over the natural numbers (including zero) is equivalent to the existence of at least one number such that the two classes are related by that relationship power. (Contributed by RP, 2-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 (𝑟↑𝑟𝑛)) ⇒ ⊢ (𝑅 ∈ 𝑉 → (𝑋(𝐶‘𝑅)𝑌 ↔ ∃𝑛 ∈ ℕ0 𝑋(𝑅↑𝑟𝑛)𝑌)) | ||
Theorem | briunov2uz 40399* | Two classes related by the indexed union over operator values where the index varies the second input is equivalent to the existence of at least one index such that the two classes are related by that operator value. The index set 𝑁 is restricted to an upper range of integers. (Contributed by RP, 2-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 (𝑟 ↑ 𝑛)) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑅 ∈ 𝑈 ∧ 𝑁 = (ℤ≥‘𝑀)) → (𝑋(𝐶‘𝑅)𝑌 ↔ ∃𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 𝑋(𝑅 ↑ 𝑛)𝑌)) | ||
Theorem | eliunov2uz 40400* | Membership in the indexed union over operator values where the index varies the second input is equivalent to the existence of at least one index such that the element is a member of that operator value. The index set 𝑁 is restricted to an upper range of integers. (Contributed by RP, 2-Jun-2020.) |
⊢ 𝐶 = (𝑟 ∈ V ↦ ∪ 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 (𝑟 ↑ 𝑛)) ⇒ ⊢ ((𝑅 ∈ 𝑈 ∧ 𝑁 = (ℤ≥‘𝑀)) → (𝑋 ∈ (𝐶‘𝑅) ↔ ∃𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 𝑋 ∈ (𝑅 ↑ 𝑛))) |
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